SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Grade 12

Trends, Network and Critical Thinking in the 21st Century

DIVISION ARALING PANLIPUNAN TOOLS

(DAPAT)
First Quarter - Lesson 2

Parts Of A Whole, Emerging Patterns,

Causes And Consequences Of Trends

Grade 12- Trends, Network and Critical Thinking in the 21st Century
Identify parts of a whole. HUMSS_MCT12-Ia-b-6
Identify and explain an emerging pattern HUMSS_MCT12-Ia-b-7
Identify causes and consequences HUMSS_MCT12-Ia-b-8 i
Social Sciences – Grade 12
Division Araling Panlipunan Tools (DAPAT)
Trends, Network and Critical Thinking in the 21 st Century
First Edition, 2020

Published in the Philippines

by the Department of Education
Schools Division of Iloilo
Luna St., La Paz, Iloilo City

Section 176 of Republic Act 8293 states that no copyright shall subsist in any
work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government
agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for the exploitation of
such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose a
condition the payment of royalties.

The Division Araling Panlipunan Tools (DAPAT) or any part of it is published

for use by the schools of the Department of Education specifically the Schools Division
of Iloilo.

No part of this material may be reproduced or printed in any way without the
permission of the Department of Education, Schools Division of Iloilo. Its sale is strictly
prohibited.

Development Team of Division Araling Panlipunan Tools (DAPAT)

Writers: Cary M. Dolendo

Hernando Engada Jr.

Illustrator: Armand Glenn S. Lapor

Layout Artists: Cary Dolendo

Hernando Engada Jr.
Roy John A. Montaniel

Division Quality Assurance Team:

Lilibeth E. Larupay
Liza A. Balogo
Armand Glenn S. Lapor
Andie P. Padernilla

Management Team: Dr. Roel F. Bermejo Dr. Nordy D. Siason Jr.

Dr. Lilibeth T. Estoque Dr. Azucena T. Falales
Ruben S. Libutaque Lilibeth E. Larupay
Liza A. Balogo

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Foreword
Welcome to Senior High School Social Sciences, Grade 12.

The Division Araling Panlipunan Tools (DAPAT) was co-authored,

designed, developed and reviewed by educators from the Department of Education,
Schools Division of Iloilo. This is done to guide you, and the teachers who will be
teaching the subject to help the student achieve the standards set by the K to 12
Curriculum.

The purpose of the Division Araling Panlipunan Tools (DAPAT) is to guide

students in independent learning activities according to their ability, speed and time. It
also aims to help the students to develop and achieve lifelong skills with consideration
to their needs and circumstances.

For the learning facilitator:

The Division Araling Panlipunan Tools (DAPAT) was created to meet the
current needs of students in the country. To effectively assist the teachers, make sure
it is clear to the students how to study or answer the activities in this material.

For the students:

The Division Araling Panlipunan Tools (DAPAT) was created in response to

your need. Its main purpose is to help you with your studies while you are not in the
classroom. In this way you will have the freedom to study the entertaining activities
contained in this material. Read and understand the instructions.
.

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 The following are important notes in using this module:
1. Use the module with caution. Do not mark any part of the module with any
marks or letters. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don't forget to answer the pre-test before moving on to the other activities in
the module.
3. Read the instructions carefully before doing other exercises.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in carrying out tasks and in correcting answers.
5. Finish the current task before going to another exercise.
6. Please return this module to your teacher or facilitator when you have
completed all the exercises.
If you find it difficulty in answer the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to
consult your teacher or facilitator. You can also ask for help from your mother or father,
or your elder sibling or any of your housemates who are older than you. Always instill
in your mind that you are not alone.
We hope that through this module, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain deeper understanding of relevant competencies. You can do it!

INTRODUCTION

Fads come and go. Trends come and stay. While fads experience a momentary
gust of popularity, trends adapt to the environment by employing various strategies.
Seeing a trend is not enough, so global institutions, governments, and organizations
employ the idea of megatrend.
In this module, you will learn how trend emerge from megatrend and the
relationship between trends and the global forces that continuously affect the various
fields of the global world.

YOUR TARGET

At the end of the module, you should be able to:

• identify parts of a whole (HUMSS_MCT12-Ia-b-6);
• identify and explain an emerging pattern (HUMSS_MCT12-Ia-b-7); and
• identify causes and consequences (HUMSS_MCT12-Ia-b-8).

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 CHECK YOUR KNOWLEDGE

Task 1: True or False

Directions: Write True if the statement is correct and False if the statement is wrong.
Write the answers on your activity notebook.
1. Trends are more global in scope compared with megatrends.
2. Patterns of trends is subject to change based on existing social conditions.
3. Trends stays longer compared to megatrends.
4. Megatrends involves larger economic forces than trends.
5. Trends are part of a megatrend.
6. Advancements in science and technology involves research and development
in various fields of physical and natural sciences.
7. Changes in the economic system reflects changes in the manner of exchange
of goods, services and capital outflows between developing and developed
countries.
8. Shifts in human density and movements refers to changes in population sizes,
migration, ethnic and racial compositions of societies.
9. Changes in the earth’s environment covers environmental pressure caused by
development.
10. Rapid changes experienced by the world influence the way people
communicate, create, produce, exchange, think and decide.

PARTS OF A WHOLE, EMERGING PATTERNS,

CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES

LEARN THIS

Task 2. Fast Forward!

Directions: Imagine yourself 10 years from now. On a piece of paper, create a
picture/idea of the kind of workplace environment you will have in the
future. Answer the questions that follow. Write your answer on a piece of
paper.
1. What factors could influence your career and life choice?
2. Could trends influence your choice of career? Why?

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 DISCOVER

Task 3: Sort it Out

Directions: Which of the following is a trend or megatrend. Write T if it’s a trend and
M if it is a megatrend Write your answer on your answer sheet.

1. population growth 6. proliferation of fake news

2. increased demands on government 7. increased number of single-parent
resources households
3. privacy and security issues 8. private companies providing public services
4. growing role of wireless tracking 9. redefinition of morality
5. genetic engineering 10. participatory democracy

REMEMBER
THIS

TRENDS AS PART OF A WHOLE

People has varying attitude towards change in style and taste. Some people
have the same preference while others have the opposite. Some people are
independent in their style and taste while others are more conforming. Some uses
their imagination in relation to style and taste while others do not.
Concrete trends were slow to emerged or stayed for a long time because
everything in society was slower and people were not part of networks the way it is
today. The pattern may change sometime in the future, but at present there are no
signs of change in the trend process except the speed of the process.
The rapid changes experienced by the world greatly impacts the way people
communicate, create, produce, exchange, think and decide. These changes are
profoundly shaping and reshaping human relations within societies, between
locations, and with the natural environment. An awareness of such forces is
considered critical as whether people are conscious of them or not. Their
understanding of what is happening today deeply affects both their perception of the
past and what they think is needed for the future they want.
Classification of Trends
1. Megatrends. They are events that occur over a longer period and have an influence
on all aspects of life.
2. Macrotrends. They are specific variations of megatrends. They describe partial

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 trends that feature a different degree of effectiveness.
3. Microtrends. They are phenomenon born in small communities with a clear identity,
most often in opposition to the mainstream in the long run. They may transform into
more mass trends.
4. Fads. They are the opposite of trends. They only exist for a short period of time.

Megatrends
Megatrend refers to a set of changes in the world that are enormous in its
impact, unprecedented in its magnitude, and apparently unstoppable in its march.
It is a large social, economic, political, environmental or technological change
that is slow to form. Once in place, it influences a wide range of activities, processes,
and perception both in government and in society which would stay possibly for
decades. They are the underlying forces that drive trends. It is a long-term process of
transformation with a broad scope and a huge impact. They are considered powerful
factors in shaping future conditions. They are powerful transformative forces that could
change the global economy, business, and society. It has been changing the way we
live for centuries.
When compared to trends, megatrends are global in scope. It is more sustained
and involves macro-economic forces of development that impact business, economy,
society, cultures, and personal lives. It defines the future world and its increasing pace
of change.
Megatrends differ from trends in three ways.
1. Time horizon. It expands over decades.
2. Reach. It has comprehensive impact on all geographic regions and results in
multidimensional transformations of all societal subsystems such as political,
societal, economical, technological, and environmental.
3. Intensity of Impact. It has a powerful and extensive impact on all types of actors
such as government, individuals and organizations.

TRENDS AS AN EMERGING PATTERN

The capacity to identify emerging trends is rooted in the capacity to recognize
patterns. An encounter with patterns was facilitated by experience and processed by
the mind through abstraction and generalization. Pattern recognition is characterized
by three stages: representation, generalization and evaluation. Adaptation, which
serves as an intermediary stage, is also involved in the process.
Below are the three basic types of trend.
1. Down trend. It refers to a movement directed towards a lower place or level. It
means something is gradually decreasing or a situation that is getting worse.
2. Upward trend. It refers to a movement directed towards a higher level.
3. Side trend. It refers to the horizontal price movement that occurs when the forces
of supply and demand are nearly equal.
Our ability to recognize patterns enables us to see and analyze how to identify
emerging trends. There are internal factors that influence such emergence. These are
human needs, historical forces, globalization and digital cone activity, and social
media.

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CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES OF TRENDS
The following terms are some of the factors that shape a trend:
1. Human Needs. Humankind will instinctively tend to its needs. Our desire to build a
better world or improve the quality of life compels us to discover, invent and explore
new technologies, products, services, forms of knowledge and skills. In meeting our
needs, we enhance our intelligence, creativity, and social skills that in turn, increase
our chances for survival.
2. Historical Forces. Humankind creates responses in social issues. The response
varies how the government imposes its power while the citizenry can act on its own.
The role of the government is to formulate policies to response societal needs, but
when polices are enforced, behaviors change and become trends that are practiced
by citizenry.
3. Globalization. The global exchange of goods and services increased the
interaction between states and societies. The globalizing world integrates
information through global advertising using technologies. Thus, trends and
innovations are also carried on a global scale, ensuring the resilience of the
products.
4. Digital Connectivity and Social Media. Social Media continue to expand and
grow. For example, Facebook has grown into most popular social networking site
catering businesses and entrepreneurial initiatives in the Philippines. Products gain
mileage because of the advertising using this platform.

Below are some of the megatrends currently observed globally.

1. Shifts in Human Density and Movements. This refers to changes in population
size, migration, ethnic and racial compositions of societies, birth rates, mortality and
morbidity rates even geographic distribution of groups. Four demographic trends
will fundamentally shape most countries’ economic and political conditions, and
relations among countries. These are aging, shrinking number of youthful societies,
migration, and growing urbanization.
2. Changes in Economic Systems. This reflects changes in the manner of
exchanging goods, services, and capital outflows between developing and
developed countries. Currently, experts are observing a shift in size, speed, and
directional flow in relative wealth. There is a shift of economic power from West to
East. This shift is believed to be caused by sustained increase in oil and commodity
prices from Western Asian countries and Russia and the relatively low labor costs
combined with certain government policies in the manufacturing and some service
industries to Asia.
3. Changes in Political Structures and the Rise of Social Movements. This refers
to the shifts in the power arrangements among nations and regions. Examples are
changes in the forms of government and new strategies of revolutionary movements
such as openness to options for negotiated peace settlements instead of waging
prolonged guerilla wars.
4. Advancements in Science and Technology. It involves research and
development in various fields of the physical and natural sciences, as well as new
inventions. It heralds a new future that is more reliant to these advances.
Three technology developments with an Information Technology (IT) focus is
foreseen to have the power to change the way people live, do business, and protect

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themselves before 2030. These are solutions for storage and processing large
quantities of data, social networking technologies, and “smart cities.”
In terms of agriculture, genetically modified crops are expected to meet the
challenge of providing enough and affordable food and fuel from plant crops for a world
with an expanding population and a changing climate.
5. Development in the Sociocultural Landscape. This are changes in the value
systems or the emergence of new values and social practices leading towards a
reorientation of the present moral compass. The movement of people in pursuit of
economic opportunity and a secure environment will create more cosmopolitan
population centers which will change the character and utility of the family.
Decreasing fertility, informal partnerships, and increasing numbers of urban
dwellers are likely to result in smaller families.
6. Changes in the Earth’s Environment. This covers the environmental pressure
caused by development, including fuel emissions, loss of forests, and the increasing
impact of climate change manifested by the warning of the increased temperatures
of oceans and the atmosphere and the rising sea level.

The table shows the examples of megatrends and its sub-trends:

Category Megatrend Trend

increased demands and effects
population growth on land and government
Demographic Shifts
resources
aging population rising healthcare expenditures
privacy and security growing role of wireless
Scientific and issues tracking
Technological
stem cell research, cloning,
Development bioengineering
and genetic engineering
participatory democracy growing amount of fake news
Changes in Political
private companies providing
Conditions privatization/outsourcing
public services
increase in number of single-
redefinition of family
Societal and Cultural headed households
Shifts re-evaluation of definition of
redefinition of morality
indecency; censorship issues
reduction of production costs
increase in global trade
via offshoring
Economic Dynamics standardization of local, state,
intellectual property national and international
regulations

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 YOUR LEARNINGS

Task 4: Predicting the Future

Directions: Identify one emerging trend that is visible in our society. Cite the possible
causes of the development of this trend and the possible consequences.
Write your answer on a piece of paper.

Emerging Trends Causes Consequences

Task 5: Learn More!

Directions: Fill-in the table below by identifying one (1) specific trend in the following
categories/fields. Identify the emerging pattern/s that led to this trend and
elaborate how these patterns will cause further developments among
identified trends. Write your answer on a piece of paper.

Field Trend Emerging Patterns

Medicine
Technology
Education
Social Media
Fashion

THINK AND REFLECT

Directions: Reflect on the following statement. Write your reflection on a piece of

paper.

“Whatever field of human activity one may take, only those trends
that are in harmony with the needs of society show rapid progress.”
- Nikolay Chernyshevsky

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 TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE

Task 6: Lesson Learned

Directions: Read the statements below and choose the letter of the correct answer.
Write your answer on a piece of paper.

1. Presently, there is a growing popularity in Korean Drama. As a result, Filipinos

are beginning to adopt a wide array of Korean culture more evident in music,
food and clothing. Which megatrends does this exemplify?
a. Changes in earth’s geology c. Shifts in human density
b. Change in sociocultural landscape d. Changes in economic system

2. Over the last decades, it was observed that more and more Filipinos are
migrating to the United States in search of a greener pasture. Which
Megatrends does this exemplify?
a. Changes in earth’s geology c. Shifts in human density
b. Change in sociocultural landscape d. Changes in economic system

3. Myles is using social media to communicate to her loved ones abroad. Which
Megatrends does this exemplify?
a. Changes in earth’s geology c. Shifts in human density
b. Technological advancement d. Changes in economic system

4. Philippines abrogated its joint military training with the United States and enters
the same with China. Which Megatrends does this exemplify?
a. Changes in political structures c. Shifts in human density
b. Change in sociocultural landscape d. Changes in economic system

5. The introduction of the internet has created widespread changes in the way we
live. Which Megatrends does this exemplify?
a. Changes in political structures c. Shifts in human density
b. Change in sociocultural landscape d. Technological advancement

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Answer Key
Task 1. True or False Task 4. Predicting The Future
1. F 6. T Answers may vary.
2. T 7. T
3. F 8. T Task 5. Learn More
4. T 9. T Answers may vary.
5. T 10. F
Task 6. Lesson Learned
Task 2. Fast Forward 1. b
Answers may vary. 2. c
3. b
Task 3. Sort It Out 4. a
1. M 6. T 5. d
2. T 7. T
3. M 8. T
4. T 9. M
5. T 10. M

References
1. Council of State Governments. 2011. Transportation Policy Task Force Suggested
State Legislation Docket. Accessed on August 11, 2020.
http://www.csg.org/events/annualmeeting/policy_sessions_am09/SSL_agendapdfs/T
ransportationSSL.pdf

2. Development, Concepts and Doctrine Centre (DCDC). 2010. Global Strategic

Trends- Out to 2040. http://www.mod.uk/defenceInternet/microsite/dcdc/

3. Helps, Charlie. July 22, 2016. What is a Megatrend, and How they will Change
Everything! Accessed August 11, 2020.https://charliehelps.co/what-is-a-megatrend/

4. Vejlgaard Henrik.2008. Anatomy of a Trend. The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

United States of America. doi: 10.1036/0071488707