ARCHITECTURE AND URBAN PLANNING SEMINAR 1&2

BY: MADUBUKO MUNACHIMSO DANIELLA

SUPERVISED BY: DR CHRIS

ADUVIE PRE-UNIVERSITY COLLEGE

I hereby certify this seminar was written by Munachimso Daniella Madubuko and presented to

the faculty of Engineering and Physical Science in partial fulfilment of their graduation from

Aduvie Pre-University.

Signature of Student Signature of Supervisor

Project/Seminar Committee(Signature)
 TABLE OF CONTENT

1.0) Introduction

1.1) Background of study

1.2) Statement of Problem

1.3) Aims and Objectives

1.4) Scope of study

1.5) Definition of terms

2.0) General literature review

3.0) Conclusion

References
CHAPTER 1

1.0 INTRODUCTION

Architecture is the art and science of designing buildings and other physical structures. A wider

definition often includes the design of the total built environment from the macro level of town

planning, urban design, and landscape architecture to the micro level of construction details and,

sometimes, furniture. (medium, 2018).

Architecture is everywhere. Each and every building: home, school, office, hospital and

supermarket were designed for their particular purpose.

Urban planning is the process that seeks to control the development of cities through local

regulations and direct interventions, to fulfill a number of objectives, such as mobility, quality of

life and sustainability.

Urban planning concerns itself with both the development of open land (“green fields sites”) and

the revitalization of existing parts of the city, thereby involving goal setting, data collection and

analysis, forecasting, design, strategic thinking, and public consultation. (Susan S. Fainstein,

n.d.).
 1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY

The Master's track History of Architecture and Town Planning explores the evolution of cities,

villages and park- and landscape design in Europe within the changing global setting.

Cities, buildings, parks and landscapes define the setting of our everyday life. Some are

fascinating works of art, and no other man made artefacts document the evolution of social

relations, economic trends, technological innovations, philosophical views on man and nature,

politics and culture more eloquently than architecture and urbanism. Cities and buildings impact

our everyday lives. They define where and how we live, how far we have to travel to reach our

working places, our daily rhythms of our movements, the things we see when we are on our way.

Their impact on health is self-evident – urban planners gave us our sewage systems, architects

decent public housing and healthcare buildings. This master track provides students a rich and

varied introduction in the history and theory of architecture and urban planning. Since healthcare

architecture requires a thorough understanding of the history and theory of architecture, and the

world of healthy cities can only be analysed against the background of urbanism, the Expertise

Centre Architecture, Urbanism and Health is embedded in a classical approach of architectural

and urban history and theory. It allows students to specialize in classical history and theory, the

health impacts of architecture and urbanism, or a mixture.

The Chair History of Architecture and Urban Planning explores the long-term development of

the built environment. Research and teaching of the faculty covers a broad range of theoretical

and methodological approaches, temporal and geographical specializations. The Chair's faculty

includes experts in Dutch architecture and cities across the centuries, as well as specialists on

global, trans-disciplinary and cross-cultural practices. Samples of research on flows of water and

on historic and contemporary port cities and the global petroleum scape.

Members of the Chair are responsible for numerous publications including on leading architects

and urbanists, on capital cities, on port cities and on the global exchange of architectural and

planning ideas in conjunction with commodity flows (global landscapes of oil), on issues of

Healthcare and housing, on maps and geographical surveys inspired by historical information

and on city representation in art.

The Chair has established an innovative repository on European Colonial Architecture. It hosts a

collection of internationally famous chairs, and supervises the Department of Architecture's

archives and model collection of ACaP.

Members of the Chair organize exhibitions and conferences and participate in extensive

professional networks all over the world.

Together with faculty members from the Chairs Heritage and Technology, Heritage and Design,

Heritage and Values, and from the Department of Urbanism, the Chair is also leading the Design

and History Research Group that promotes multidisciplinary investigation on Heritage issues.

Carola Hein is also Research Coordinator of Heritage and Environment for the Center for Global

Heritage and Development. (TUDelft,n.d.)

One of the main problems of architecture and urban planning is Urban sprawl. Urban Sprawl

refers to the migration of a population from populated towns and cities to low-density residential

development over more and more rural land which results in:

· Increase in Public Expenditure: They can actually play a part in the increases of public

costs because these changes in infrastructures and building must actually be paid for by

someone- and it is usually the taxpayers.

· Increased Traffic: Populations will begin to use their cars more often, which means that

there is more traffic on the roads.

· Environmental Issues: When you think about going out to develop these lands you will

have to worry about the wildlife that lives in these lands. You will be displacing them, and it can

really cause a ripple in the environment.

(IEREK, 2021).
 1.3 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES

· Organization and improvement in the means of transport and communication.

· To promote economic growth and business development.

· Providing people with proper housing facilities or accommodation along with the basic

infrastructure like electricity and water supply.

· Allocating space for marketing centers, shops, and so on.

Setting apart space for industries, parks and public places including burial sites.

1.4 SCOPE OF STUDY

The purpose of this seminar project is to educate the public on architecture and urban planning,

the history of architecture and urban planning and recent works of urban planners and architects

around the world.

1. Boomburb: Booming suburb. Areas that have the population density of a city with the

buildings of the suburbs.

2. Coving: An urban planning method of winding roads and non-uniform lots.

3. Infill: Filling in the gaps between buildings with more buildings.

4. Building mass: This is the three dimensional bulk of a building; height, width and depth.

5. Development standards: A set of guidelines or defining parameters to be followed in

site or buildings development.

6. Authentic – Having to do with anything the Architect believes is more important than the

crap everyone else in his/her profession is producing.

7. Compatibility – the ability to blend into one’s surroundings while still being better than

everything around you.

8. Vernacular – dirty

9. Focal Point – the element on axis with an important vista, usually a fire department

connection.

10. Heritage – old and dirty, and having been done longer than we can remember (kind of like

Cher).
11. Infill – the act of removing delapitated buildings and replacing them with condominiums to

be sold to affluent homosexuals.

12. Mixed-use – where-in the residents complain about the smells and noise from the restaurant

and the restaurant patrons look up at the ceiling whenever the residents flush their toilet.

13. Pedestrian oriented – Buildings that allow people to approach on foot, while parking

somewhere in the rear.

14. Preservation – allocating additional funding, by means of government grants and tax

increment financing to leverage nostalgia and guilt  to save non-functional buildings that bitter

people value.

15. Public Realm – anything outside of your house, except for Walmart.

16. Sense of Place – That funny feeling of being watched by a 16 year old holding a skateboard

and an energy drink.

17. Streetscape – Popular city sponsored improvement projects involving very small trees and

19th century reproduction lighting.

18. In Situ – “in place”, from the Greek, meaning “I know a phrase from the Greek”.

19. Placemaking – The circular drive or “round-about” within a retail / lifestyle center.
20. Urban design – Getting less for more, while waiting longer for approvals.

21. New Urbanist – Much like the Hell’s Angels keeping the crowds from jumping at the

Rolling Stones, only with a lot more paperwork, and guilt.

22. Transit Oriented Development – Suburbs within a 10 mile radius of a future planned rail

corridor (to be powered by rainbows and biofuel)

23. Adaptive Re-use – Removing soiled linens and empty colt 45 bottles prior to leasing a

building to creative professionals.

24. Zoning – The act of removing the barriers to creative and thoughtful urban design, by only

allowing development patterns covered in the seminars the local planners attended during a

conference 5 years ago.(archdaily, n.d.)

2.0 MAJOR WORKS OF ARCHITECTS AND URBAN PLANNERS

1. INFECTIOUS DISEASE MITIGATION: FACILITIES DESIGNED BY MASS :

Addressing contextual severe healthcare problems, like the outbreak of infectious diseases or

maternal mortality, MASS has helped in setting design strategies to mitigate and reduce critical

medical concerns. With some projects operational, and others in the pipeline, the facilities

imagined, tackle a wide range of complications.

In Haiti, MASS created the GHESKIO Cholera Treatment Center, a 100-patient treatment centre

that provides dignified care and on-site wastewater management; as well as the GHESKIO

Tuberculosis Hospital, a facility that assures long term care for patients with tuberculosis. On the

African continent, the studio’s interventions generated the Butaro District Hospital in Rwanda,

helping in reducing the transmission of airborne diseases; and the Maternity Waiting Village

in Malawi, completed in 2015, a prototype structure where expectant mothers can stay and

receive proper care until their delivery.(Christele Harrouk, 2020)

2. ACEGID - African Centre of Excellence for Genomics of Infectious Diseases

The African Centre of Excellence for Genomics of Infectious Diseases (ACEGID), a first of its

kind on the African continent, is a center that aims to stop epidemics as quickly and effectively

as possible. The new genomics laboratory in Ede, Nigeria, outfitted with cutting-edge

technology, supports the surveillance, control, and elimination of highly infectious diseases.
Estimated to be ready by the spring of 2020, the center, designed to increase collaboration,

includes an integrated layout of labs, shared space, offices, and classrooms. Moreover, the

building will also showcase the high-tech potential of locally available materials such as

stabilized rammed earth walls.(Christele Harrouk, 2020)

3. Integrated Photovoltaic Railing - BIPV Railing | Mitrex

BIPV railing from Mitrex features an integrated solar thin-film technology. They are

manufactured in a customized manufacturing facility that rapidly creates high-quality high-tech

solar integrated products.

It is a versatile system and can be used in new developments or to upgrade existing buildings.

Retrofitting BIPV railing to existing buildings has the advantage of maintaining safety standards

while revitalizing the look-and-feel of a precinct. The company provides full installation services

including pairing the base, installing the railing, and electrical connections.

Mitrex's Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) glass railing product, BIPV railing, is also

fully customizable. Both the glass color and transparency level are decided by the

designer. Mitrex offers several options available for the color and style of the metal frame.

Some benefits include

1. Safe & durable

2. Clean energy production

3. Free maintenance
4. Reliable warranty

5. Bird friendly

6. Cost competition.
3.0 MY SUGGESTIONS AND CONTRIBUTIONS(CONCLUSION)

In recent months, we have arrived at a new juncture of disease, urbanisation and architecture,

where fear of contamination again controls what kind of space we want to be in. As tuberculosis

shaped modernism, so is COVID-19 and our collective experience of staying inside for months

on end will influence architectures near future. The space needed to quarantine is primarily

defensive, segmenting the outside world into zones of socially distanced safety, so wide-open

spaces should be avoided.

My contribution is that Architects and urban planners should plan and design for a large number

of small scale public spaces within walking distances rather than having huge and crowded

spaces such as big squares and huge malls. Like providing more streets, walkways and open

gardens.
REFERENCES:

.Medium. (2018). Retrieved February 23th, 2021, from WHAT IS ARCHITECTURE?. The
question “what is architecture?” is… | by All About Architecture | Medium

. Susan S. Fainstein. (n.d.). Urban Planning. Retrieved February 23th, 2021, from urban planning
| Definition, History, Examples, Importance, & Facts | Britannica

.Urban Planning: definitions, problems and solutions. (2021). Retrieved February 24th, 2021,
from Urban Planning: definition, problems and solutions – ierek news

. Archdaily. (n.d.). Retrieved February 25th, 2021, from 50 Planning Terms & Concepts All
Architects Should Know | ArchDaily

.History of Architecture and Urban Planning. (n.d.). Retrieved May 24, 2021, from History of
Architecture and Urban Planning (tudelft.nl)

. Christele Harrouk. (2020). Infectious Disease Mitigation: 9 Healthcare Facilities Designed by

.Susan S Fainstein. (n.d.). Urban Planning. Retrieved April 15th, 2021, from urban planning |
Definition, History, Examples, Importance, & Facts | Britannica

.Medium. (2018). Retrieved April 15th, 2021, from WHAT IS ARCHITECTURE?. The question
“what is architecture?” is… | by All About Architecture | Medium