This document discusses gastroesophageal reflux, which is the backward flow of gastric contents into the esophagus or oropharynx. It notes that physiologic reflux is common in infants under 12 months old but can cause issues in older children. Risk factors that increase reflux include reduced lower esophageal sphincter tone, transient relaxations of the LES, and hiatal hernia. Clinical manifestations range from spitting up to failure to thrive. Diagnostic tests include barium imaging, pH monitoring, and endoscopy. Treatment depends on complications but may include H2 blockers, proton pump inhibitors, or fundoplication surgery.
This document discusses gastroesophageal reflux, which is the backward flow of gastric contents into the esophagus or oropharynx. It notes that physiologic reflux is common in infants under 12 months old but can cause issues in older children. Risk factors that increase reflux include reduced lower esophageal sphincter tone, transient relaxations of the LES, and hiatal hernia. Clinical manifestations range from spitting up to failure to thrive. Diagnostic tests include barium imaging, pH monitoring, and endoscopy. Treatment depends on complications but may include H2 blockers, proton pump inhibitors, or fundoplication surgery.
This document discusses gastroesophageal reflux, which is the backward flow of gastric contents into the esophagus or oropharynx. It notes that physiologic reflux is common in infants under 12 months old but can cause issues in older children. Risk factors that increase reflux include reduced lower esophageal sphincter tone, transient relaxations of the LES, and hiatal hernia. Clinical manifestations range from spitting up to failure to thrive. Diagnostic tests include barium imaging, pH monitoring, and endoscopy. Treatment depends on complications but may include H2 blockers, proton pump inhibitors, or fundoplication surgery.
This document discusses gastroesophageal reflux, which is the backward flow of gastric contents into the esophagus or oropharynx. It notes that physiologic reflux is common in infants under 12 months old but can cause issues in older children. Risk factors that increase reflux include reduced lower esophageal sphincter tone, transient relaxations of the LES, and hiatal hernia. Clinical manifestations range from spitting up to failure to thrive. Diagnostic tests include barium imaging, pH monitoring, and endoscopy. Treatment depends on complications but may include H2 blockers, proton pump inhibitors, or fundoplication surgery.
uses a pH electrode placed transnasally into the distal esophagus,
continuous recording of esophageal pH
data typically are gathered for 24 hours and analyzed for the number and pattern of acid reflux events . • Endoscopy esophagitis, esophageal stricture, and anatomic abnormalities Treatment • Healthy young infants - no treatment
• With complications
✔ H2 blocker
✔ proton-pump inhibitor
✔ Metoclopramide
• Fundoplication
• Jejunostomy(who cannot tolerate oral or gastric tube
feedings) • Cessation of smoking
• Weight loss
• Not eating before bed or exercise
• Limiting intake of caffeine, carbonation, and high-fat foods
