Changing The Rotation Direction of Asynchronous Motor Purpose

Changing the rotation direction of
asynchronous motor Purpose
Student Name: Muhammad Jawhar Anwar

Class: 4 Stage – Group:A1
Course Title: PLC Lab.
Department: Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering
EXP NO: 1
College of Engineering
Salahaddin University-Erbil
Academic Year 2020-2021
1
Introduction
Induction motor are categorized by two types, one is single phase induction motor
and another one is three phase induction motor. In case of three phase induction
motor, they are self-started motor and the motor direction would be the direction
of rotating magnetic field. For reversing the motor direction, we have to change
the direction of rotating magnetic field. This is implemented by changing the
supply phase sequence of the motor.
In many areas where asynchronous motor is used, it is required to change rotation
direction of the motor. Elevators, cranes, conveyors, mixers e.g. In order to change
rotation direction of motors in 3 phase motors, changing any two of the phases is
enough. If the rotation direction will be changed when desired, appropriate
controller circuit or a system with PLC will cover this need. Aim of this
application; changing the rotation direction of asynchronous motor by using
classic controller circuit and PLC. Developing the PLC program that is necessary
for operating the application by using ladder programming method and installing
to PLC. Making connections of PLC input/outputs, circuit components and energy
lines.
Electric motor rotation direction

The direction of rotation of CW means Clock Wise, which means a clockwise
rotation.
CCW or Counter Clock Wise rotation direction which means the opposite
rotation is clockwise, In addition, there are also some equipment or machines
that use an electric motor with two-way rotation (alternating turns), or also
Change Rotation Direction of Three Phase Motors with 3 output

cables
There is a 3 phase electric motor that has 3 output cables and there are 6 output
cables, An electric motor with 3 output cables means that the coil of the motor
has been connected in a star (Star) or Delta in stator, so that only 3 cables that
Come out.
To change the rotation of the electric motor with 3 output cables is quite simple,
only by changing the position of the power cables, if previously the
phase sequence of the cable was R-ST, then it was changed to the phase R-T-S,
or S-R-T.
2
Change Rotation Direction of Three Phase Motors with 6 output
cables
Three phase electric motor with 6 output cables means that the star or delta
circuit has not been determined, or maybe the electric motor will be operated
using the Star-Delta starting system, and others
To change the direction of the 3 phase electric motor rotation with 6 output
cables, the way is to change the sequence of phase cables, both ends and base of
the coils, or if the original sequence is R-S-T and R-S-T, then change to R-TS
and R-T-S, or change to S-R-T and S-R-T, The sequence of the cable phase must
be changed both, 3 top cables and 3 cables below.
3
Operating Principle of the Application:
Conventional controller circuit and power circuit, which are used to change the
rotation direction of the asynchronous motor, can be seen in the figures below.
Electrical locking (sealing) method is used in this controller circuit. First of all,
operate this application by installing it according to the controller and power
circuit below, without using PLC. Modules and tools to be used in the application;
1 . Y-0030-A01/01 (Contactor Module)
2 . Y-0030-A01/02 (Button, Switch, Signal Lamp Module)
3 . Y-0030-A01/05 (3 Phase Asynchronous motor Module)
4 . Y-0030-A01/06 (I/O Link Module)
5 . 3 Phase Power Cable and 4 mm test cables
Controller Circuit Schema:
Figure 1: Controller circuit to change the rotation direction of asynchronous motor.
Power Circuit Schema:
Figure 2: Power circuit to change the rotation direction of asynchronous motor.
4
PLC Technology Schema:
Figure 3: PLC connection to change the rotation direction of asynchronous
5
Discussion
To reverse it, we need to change the direction of the rotating magnetic field
produced by the main and starter windings. And this can be accomplished by
reversing the polarity of the starter winding.
Basically, we need to swap the connections on either end of the starter winding.
The normally closed contact controlled by the forward coil is connected in series
with the reverse coil.
The normally closed contact controlled by the reverse coil is connected in series
with the forward coil.
When the forward coil is energized, the normally closed contact in series with the
reverse coil is opened to prevent the reverse coil from being energized.
When the reverse coil is energized, the normally closed contact in series with the
forward coil opens to prevent the forward coil from being energized. The normally
closed contact of the reverse push button acts like another stop push button in the
forward circuit.
6
The normally open contact on the reverse push but ton is used as the start button
for the reverse circuit. When the reverse button is pressed, its normally closed
contact opens the circuit to the forward coil and at the same time its normally
closed contact completes the circuit to the reverse coil. When the forward button
is pressed, its normally closed contact opens the circuit to the reverse coil and at
the same time its normally closed contact completes the circuit to the forward coil.
Pressing the forward push button energizes coil F. Auxiliary memory contact F
closes to seal in and maintain F coil. Auxiliary interlock contact F opens to isolate
the reversing circuit. Power contacts F close and the motor runs in the forward
direction.
If either the stop button or forward limit switch is actuated, the holding circuit to
coil F opens, deenergizing the coil and returning all F contacts to their normal
deenergized state. Pressing the reverse push button energizes coil R. Auxiliary
memory contact R closes to seal in and maintain R coil. Auxiliary interlock
contact R opens to isolate the forward circuit. Power contacts R close and the
motor runs in the reverse direction.

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Changing the rotation direction of

asynchronous motor Purpose

Student Name: Muhammad Jawhar Anwar

Electric motor rotation direction

Change Rotation Direction of Three Phase Motors with 3 output

Controller Circuit Schema:

Figure 1: Controller circuit to change the rotation direction of asynchronous motor.

Power Circuit Schema:

Figure 2: Power circuit to change the rotation direction of asynchronous motor.

Figure 3: PLC connection to change the rotation direction of asynchronous

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