Living in the IT Era

Module 7: Social Networks and Digital Citizenship

Social Media
 are interactive platforms where content is created, distributed, and shared by
individuals on the web.
 Social media websites and applications allows users to create and exchange user-
generated content where people talk, share information, participate, and network
through technologies such as blogs and social networking sites.

TYPES OF SOCIAL MEDIA

1. Social Networks
 A social networking site is a social media site that allows you to connect with
people who have similar interests and backgrounds
 Social networking websites allow users to build web pages featuring
personal portfolios and interests. These pages are used to connect with
friends, colleagues, and other users to share media, content, and
communications.
 Examples: Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, LinkedIn

2. Bookmarking Sites
 Bookmarking sites allow users to save and organize links to any number of
online resources and websites. A great feature of these sites is the ability for
the users to “tag” links, which makes them easier to search, and invariably,
share with their followers. StumbleUpon is a popular example of a
bookmarking site.
 Examples: Pinterest, Flipboard, Diggs

3. Social News
 A social news site allows its users to post news links and other items to
external articles. Users then proceed to vote on said items, and the items with
the highest number of votes are most prominently displayed. A good example
of a social news site is Reddit
 Example: Digg

4. Media Sharing
 Media sharing websites allow users to share different types of media, with
the two main ones being image sharing and video hosting sites.
 Most of these sites also offer social features, like the ability to create profiles
and the option of commenting on the uploaded images or videos. These
platforms mostly encourage user-generated content where anyone can
create, curate, and share the creativity that speaks about them or spark
conversations.
 Users on content communities organize, share, and comment on different
types of content, including images and videos. YouTube remains the most
well-known media-sharing site in the world.
 Examples: Pinterest, YouTube, Vimeo

5. Microblogging
 Living in the IT Era
Module 7: Social Networks and Digital Citizenship
 Microblogging allows the users to submit their short written entries, which
can include links to product and service sites, as well as links to other social
media sites. These are then posted on the 'walls' of everyone who has
subscribed to that user's account
 Microblogs are blogging tools that feature short posts, as opposed to journal-
style posts. Users are usually restricted to posting a few lines of text or
uploading individual images and videos. Microblogging is particularly
common for posting quick updates and distributing content via mobile
devices
 Social networks such as Facebook, Google+, LinkedIn, and MySpace also have
microblogging features.
 Example: Twitter

6. Blog Comments and Forums

 An online forum is a site that lets users engage in conversations by posting
and responding to community messages.
 A blog comment site is the same thing except being a little more focused. The
comments are usually centered around the specific subject of the attached
blog. Google has a popular blogging site aptly titled, Blogger. However, there
are a seemingly endless number of blogging sites, particularly because so
many of them are niche-based, unlike the universal appeal of general social
media sites.

7. Social Review Sites

 Review sites like TripAdvisor and FourSquare show reviews from
community members for all sorts of locations and experiences. This keeps
people out of the dark and allows them to make better planning or decisions
when it comes to choosing a restaurant for their date.
 These sites are beneficial to regular users as well as to businesses because
they can get to understand the customer's perspective. Both the good and
bad can help them to identify what's working and discover areas with room
for improvement.
 Examples: TripAdvisor, Yelp, FourSquare

8. Community Blogs
 Sometimes all you want to do is share that one message, and not everyone on
the internet wants to invest in running and maintaining a blog from a self-
hosted website. This is where shared blogging platforms like Medium give
people a space to express their thoughts and voice.
 Web blogs: Some of the oldest and most popular forms of social media are
blogs. Blogs are often viewed as online journals that order content
chronologically, or by date, month, year, and category. Users can also
maintain "vlogs," or video blogs, featuring shared or homemade videos.
 Examples: Medium, Tumblr, WordPress, and Blogger
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Module 7: Social Networks and Digital Citizenship
9. Sharing Economy Networks
 These sharing economy networks bring people who have got something they
want to share with the people who need it.
 Examples: Airbnb, Pantheon, Kickstarter

10.Wikis
 Wiki websites allow a community of people to add and edit content in a
community-based database. One of the best-known wikis is Wikipedia

11.Podcasts
 Podcasts are audio and video files available through subscription services
such as Apple iTunes. The term "podcast" is a neologism derived from
"broadcast" and "pod" (as in "iPod") since Podcasts are often listened to on
portable media players

SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES

 Social Networking Sites (SNS) are online platforms for building a virtual
community. These websites feature services that facilitate communication,
collaboration, and sharing of content among a network of contacts. Such services are
also called social networking service.
 A social networking service (also social networking site or social media) is an
online platform that people use to build social networks or social relationships with
other people who share similar personal or career interests, activities, backgrounds,
or real-life connections.

MAIN USES OF SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES

 Self-expression – One feature of an SNS is the creation of a user profile. One can
post his/her statements, photos, videos, and other stuff, and then share them to a
preferred social circle
 Connecting and community building – You can be updated with the current
happenings of your friends even if they are in different places. You can still keep in
touch through SNS. SNS allows you to meet new contacts
 Communication – SNS has an instant messaging feature so one can chat directly
with his/her contacts. This feature can sometimes include group chats, phone calls,
video calls, and file sharing

COMMON SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES ACTIVITIES

1. Login or Registration
2. Building Profile
3. Connecting and Interacting with People
4. Creating and Sharing

Web Feed
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Module 7: Social Networks and Digital Citizenship
 a webpage that mainly contains a list of recent posts made by one’s contacts. These
contacts can then share their feedback on one’s content. They have the option to
react or leave a comment below the post.

Hashtags
 are one popular way by which user tags a certain post. This is initially popularized
and commonly associated with Twitter. They are useful because they provide a way
for related posts to be grouped together and thus making it easy for the users to
contribute to issues that they find relevant. It also makes it easy for SNS to identify
the trending posts.

TYPES OF SNS AND OTHER SNS – RELATED SITES

1. Profile-centric
 are one popular way by which user tags a certain post. This is initially popularized
and commonly associated with Twitter. They are useful because they provide a way
for related posts to be grouped together and thus making it easy for the users to
contribute to issues that they find relevant. It also makes it easy for SNS to identify
the trending posts.

2. Content-centric
 it is used to aid in finding specific information of resource
 Examples: Goodreads – books; Soundcloud – music; YouTube – videos; Instagram –
photos

Microblogging site
o a web service that allows the subscriber to broadcast short messages to other
subscribers of the service. Microposts can be made public on a Web site and/or
distributed to a private group of subscribers.
o The most common microblogging platform is Twitter, which allows you to post
updates of 140 characters or less. These updates, called tweets, may include
hashtags, mentions (links to other Twitter users), or links to online resources, such
as webpages, images, or videos.

Avatar
o is also known as a profile picture or user pic is a graphical representation of a user
or the user's character or persona. It may take either a two-dimensional form as an
icon in Internet forums and other online communities or a three-dimensional form,
as in games or virtual worlds.

SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES HISTORY AND POPULAR SITES

History of Social Networking Sites

1994 – GeoCities was launched
1997 – AOL Instant Messenger and SixDegrees.com were launched
1999 – Yahoo! Bought Geocities
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Module 7: Social Networks and Digital Citizenship
2003 – Myspace was launched
2004 – Facebook was launched for use by Harvard students only
2005 - YouTube was launched
2006 – Twitter was launched and Facebook was made available worldwide

Popular Sites
o Facebook
o YouTube
o Twitter
o LinkedIn
o Instagram
o Pinterest

IMPACT OF SOCIAL NETWROKING SITES ON SOCIETY

Advantages
1. Networking without border
2. Instant News and Information
3. Great marketing channel for Business
4. Awareness and Activism
5. Exchange of ideas and collaboration
6. Stay in touch

Disadvantages
1. Addiction
2. Mental Illness
3. Frauds and Scams
4. Misleading Information
5. Cyberbullying
6. Hacking
7. Privacy Issues

DIGITAL CITIZENSHIP
 A digital citizen is a person who uses ICT to participate in social interactions online
on a regular basis. One can say that a digital citizen is a person who belongs,
participates, or engages in a digital society.
 In 2004, US educator and author, Dr. Mike Ribble introduced the concept of digital
citizenship to have an asset of guidelines on how a person should behave in
cyberspace.
 Digital citizenship is the continuously developing norms of appropriate, responsible,
and empowered technology use. The two pillars of digital citizenship are respected
and protected.

Elements of Digital Citizenship

a. Digital access
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Module 7: Social Networks and Digital Citizenship
b. Digital commerce
c. Digital communication
d. Digital literacy
e. Digital etiquette
f. Digital health and wellness
g. Digital rights
h. Digital security
i. Digital law

Digital Footprint
 is the total of all the information about you online. This is the totality of your online
presence. This includes your photos, videos in which you appear, audio files,
personal data, and even the thoughts that you shared via posts in forums and/or
social media sites.

Ethical Behavior
Golden Rule: “Treat others as we would want to be treated.”

Guidelines when sharing or posting on Social Media sites

 Avoid Online Shaming. Online shaming is the act of humiliating an individual or
group of individuals online, usually on social media platforms.
 Avoid accepting friend invites from people you do not know.
 Keep track of the personal information you share online. Avoid sharing too much
information, share only if necessary.
 Think before you click. Always be careful when posting or sharing online. Be
sensitive to other people’s feelings. Remember to practice empathy and respect.

Guidelines on chat and other messaging services

 Be considerate and understanding. Just like with real-life conversations, try to be
respectful and kind when talking to someone online.
 Keep an open mind. The tone of a message can often be misinterpreted in text.
 Do no type in all-caps, unless you mean to shout.
 If you want to have a more expressive chat or text, try using emojis. Emojis are small
icons or images used to express ideas or emotions in digital communication.
 Avoid spamming messages. Spamming refers to the sending of a message or group
messages an indiscriminate number of times.