Power System Analysis

Complex Engineering Problem

Submitted To:

Engr. Shan-Ur-Rahman

Submitted By:

Bilal Haider

0008-BSc.Engg-17

BS Electrical Engineering

Session (2017-2021)

Department of Electrical Engineering

Government College University, Lahore.

 Complex Engineering Problem
Complex Engineering Problem (Part-a)

MODELING OF A 35 BUS PRACTICAL 220 KV AND 500 KV BUS

SYSTEM IN PSSE

Objective
To model a 35 bus practical 220 Kv and 500 Kv system in PSSE.

A network is shown below

Generator Data:
Load Data:

Bus Data:
Steps:

• Prepare the load flow model from scratch. Use Line Parameter Calculator by substituting
the line lengths and other sheets of Transformer, Generator and Loads to prepare the
respective data.

Run the case assuming Bus 204 as Swing Bus.

** BASE FREQUENCY option setting set to 50.0000

Flat start
Cleaning Diagram

Successfully cleaned Diagram

Applying Newton Raphson

Ordering network...

Diagonals = 33 Off-diagonals = 39 Maximum size = 70

ITER DELTAP BUS DELTAQ BUS DELTA/V/ BUS DELTAANG BUS

0 2.0000( 301 ) 5.6220( 1 )

0.51614( 3701 ) 1.83344( 3101 )

1 1.1537( 301 ) 3.4673( 201 )

0.99000( 3701 ) 0.87023( 1901 )

Blown up after 2 iterations

Largest mismatch: 199.23 MW 55.37 Mvar 206.78 MVA at bus 301 [ 132.00]

System total absolute mismatch: 1477.50 MVA

Applying Newton Raphson

With flat start

SWING BUS SUMMARY:

BUS#-SCT X-- NAME --X BASKV PGEN PMAX PMIN QGEN QMAX QMIN

1100 220.00 497.3 9999.0 -9999.0 922.7 9999.0 -9999.0

ITER DELTAP BUS DELTAQ BUS DELTA/V/ BUS DELTAANG BUS

0 2.0000( 301 ) 5.6220( 1 )

0.51614( 3701 ) 1.83344( 3101 )

1 1.1537( 301 ) 3.4673( 201 )

0.99000( 3701 ) 0.87023( 1901 )

Blown up after 2 iterations

Largest mismatch: 199.23 MW 55.37 Mvar 206.78 MVA at bus 301 [ 132.00]

System total absolute mismatch: 1477.50 MVA

Gauss Seidel
SWING BUS SUMMARY:
BUS#-SCT X-- NAME --X BASKV PGEN PMAX PMIN QGEN QMAX QMIN
1100 220.00 497.3 9999.0 -9999.0 922.7 9999.0 -9999.0

ITER DELTAV/TOL X----------- AT BUS -----------X REAL(DELTAV) IMAG(DELTAV)

1 14.563 401 [ 220.00] 0.1456E-02 -0.2971E-07
2 19.766 401 [ 220.00] 0.1977E-02 -0.3639E-05
3 21.426 401 [ 220.00] 0.2143E-02 -0.1168E-04
4 21.829 401 [ 220.00] 0.2183E-02 -0.2089E-04
5 21.822 1 [ 500.00] 0.2182E-02 -0.2623E-04
6 21.642 1 [ 500.00] 0.2164E-02 -0.3646E-04
7 21.364 1 [ 500.00] 0.2136E-02 -0.4680E-04
8 21.059 1 [ 500.00] 0.2105E-02 -0.5686E-04
9 20.744 1 [ 500.00] 0.2073E-02 -0.6669E-04
10 20.432 1 [ 500.00] 0.2042E-02 -0.7622E-04
11 20.125 1 [ 500.00] 0.2011E-02 -0.8542E-04
12 19.823 1 [ 500.00] 0.1980E-02 -0.9432E-04
13 19.522 1 [ 500.00] 0.1950E-02 -0.1029E-03
14 19.230 1 [ 500.00] 0.1920E-02 -0.1112E-03
15 18.945 1 [ 500.00] 0.1891E-02 -0.1192E-03
16 18.670 1 [ 500.00] 0.1863E-02 -0.1270E-03
17 18.394 1 [ 500.00] 0.1834E-02 -0.1344E-03
18 18.122 1 [ 500.00] 0.1807E-02 -0.1416E-03
19 17.857 1 [ 500.00] 0.1780E-02 -0.1486E-03
20 17.601 1 [ 500.00] 0.1753E-02 -0.1553E-03
21 17.352 1 [ 500.00] 0.1728E-02 -0.1617E-03
22 17.104 1 [ 500.00] 0.1702E-02 -0.1680E-03
23 16.858 1 [ 500.00] 0.1677E-02 -0.1740E-03
24 16.619 1 [ 500.00] 0.1652E-02 -0.1798E-03
25 16.383 1 [ 500.00] 0.1628E-02 -0.1854E-03
26 16.156 1 [ 500.00] 0.1604E-02 -0.1908E-03
27 15.933 1 [ 500.00] 0.1581E-02 -0.1960E-03
28 15.714 1 [ 500.00] 0.1558E-02 -0.2010E-03
29 15.503 1 [ 500.00] 0.1537E-02 -0.2058E-03
30 15.290 1 [ 500.00] 0.1514E-02 -0.2104E-03
31 15.081 1 [ 500.00] 0.1493E-02 -0.2149E-03
32 14.879 1 [ 500.00] 0.1472E-02 -0.2192E-03
33 14.682 1 [ 500.00] 0.1451E-02 -0.2234E-03
34 14.485 1 [ 500.00] 0.1431E-02 -0.2273E-03
35 14.295 1 [ 500.00] 0.1411E-02 -0.2312E-03
36 14.107 1 [ 500.00] 0.1391E-02 -0.2349E-03
37 13.925 1 [ 500.00] 0.1372E-02 -0.2384E-03
38 13.743 1 [ 500.00] 0.1353E-02 -0.2418E-03
39 13.567 1 [ 500.00] 0.1334E-02 -0.2451E-03
40 13.395 1 [ 500.00] 0.1316E-02 -0.2483E-03
41 13.226 1 [ 500.00] 0.1299E-02 -0.2513E-03
42 13.063 1 [ 500.00] 0.1281E-02 -0.2542E-03
43 12.902 1 [ 500.00] 0.1264E-02 -0.2570E-03
44 12.738 1 [ 500.00] 0.1247E-02 -0.2596E-03
45 12.581 1 [ 500.00] 0.1230E-02 -0.2622E-03
46 12.427 1 [ 500.00] 0.1214E-02 -0.2647E-03
47 12.278 1 [ 500.00] 0.1198E-02 -0.2670E-03
48 12.130 1 [ 500.00] 0.1183E-02 -0.2693E-03
49 11.983 1 [ 500.00] 0.1167E-02 -0.2715E-03
50 11.841 1 [ 500.00] 0.1152E-02 -0.2735E-03
51 11.702 1 [ 500.00] 0.1137E-02 -0.2755E-03
52 11.564 1 [ 500.00] 0.1123E-02 -0.2774E-03
53 11.432 1 [ 500.00] 0.1109E-02 -0.2792E-03
54 11.301 1 [ 500.00] 0.1095E-02 -0.2810E-03
55 11.172 1 [ 500.00] 0.1081E-02 -0.2826E-03
56 11.047 1 [ 500.00] 0.1068E-02 -0.2842E-03
57 10.922 1 [ 500.00] 0.1054E-02 -0.2857E-03
58 10.799 1 [ 500.00] 0.1041E-02 -0.2871E-03
59 10.676 1 [ 500.00] 0.1028E-02 -0.2885E-03
60 10.562 1 [ 500.00] 0.1016E-02 -0.2898E-03
61 10.452 1 [ 500.00] 0.1004E-02 -0.2911E-03
62 10.338 1 [ 500.00] 0.9916E-03 -0.2922E-03
63 10.226 1 [ 500.00] 0.9796E-03 -0.2933E-03
64 10.116 1 [ 500.00] 0.9678E-03 -0.2944E-03
65 10.009 1 [ 500.00] 0.9563E-03 -0.2954E-03
66 9.905 1 [ 500.00] 0.9451E-03 -0.2964E-03
67 9.807 1 [ 500.00] 0.9346E-03 -0.2973E-03
68 9.706 1 [ 500.00] 0.9237E-03 -0.2981E-03
69 9.609 1 [ 500.00] 0.9132E-03 -0.2989E-03
70 9.508 1 [ 500.00] 0.9024E-03 -0.2997E-03
71 9.413 1 [ 500.00] 0.8921E-03 -0.3004E-03
72 9.316 1 [ 500.00] 0.8816E-03 -0.3011E-03
73 9.226 1 [ 500.00] 0.8718E-03 -0.3017E-03
74 9.139 1 [ 500.00] 0.8625E-03 -0.3023E-03
75 9.048 1 [ 500.00] 0.8526E-03 -0.3028E-03
76 8.963 1 [ 500.00] 0.8434E-03 -0.3033E-03
77 8.873 1 [ 500.00] 0.8337E-03 -0.3038E-03
78 8.794 1 [ 500.00] 0.8251E-03 -0.3042E-03
79 8.710 1 [ 500.00] 0.8160E-03 -0.3046E-03
80 8.629 1 [ 500.00] 0.8072E-03 -0.3050E-03
81 8.552 1 [ 500.00] 0.7988E-03 -0.3054E-03
82 8.475 1 [ 500.00] 0.7904E-03 -0.3057E-03
83 8.401 1 [ 500.00] 0.7824E-03 -0.3060E-03
84 8.322 1 [ 500.00] 0.7738E-03 -0.3062E-03
85 8.250 1 [ 500.00] 0.7660E-03 -0.3064E-03
86 8.175 1 [ 500.00] 0.7578E-03 -0.3066E-03
87 8.108 1 [ 500.00] 0.7505E-03 -0.3068E-03
88 8.038 1 [ 500.00] 0.7429E-03 -0.3070E-03
89 7.970 1 [ 500.00] 0.7355E-03 -0.3071E-03
90 7.906 1 [ 500.00] 0.7284E-03 -0.3072E-03
91 7.837 1 [ 500.00] 0.7210E-03 -0.3073E-03
92 7.773 1 [ 500.00] 0.7139E-03 -0.3074E-03
93 7.706 1 [ 500.00] 0.7067E-03 -0.3074E-03
94 7.645 1 [ 500.00] 0.7000E-03 -0.3074E-03
95 7.583 1 [ 500.00] 0.6931E-03 -0.3075E-03
96 7.525 1 [ 500.00] 0.6868E-03 -0.3074E-03
97 7.468 1 [ 500.00] 0.6805E-03 -0.3074E-03
98 7.412 1 [ 500.00] 0.6744E-03 -0.3074E-03
99 7.354 1 [ 500.00] 0.6681E-03 -0.3073E-03
100 7.300 1 [ 500.00] 0.6622E-03 -0.3073E-03

Terminated after 100 iterations--reached iteration limit

Largest mismatch: 297.45 MW -557.14 Mvar 631.57 MVA at bus 701 [ 132.00]
System total absolute mismatch: 5282.99 MVA

SWING BUS SUMMARY:

BUS#-SCT X-- NAME --X BASKV PGEN PMAX PMIN QGEN QMAX QMIN
1100 220.00 9.2 9999.0 -9999.0 -32.7 9999.0 -9999.0
Achieve convergence of the case.

Achieving
Tap Changer is always installed on the HV side therefore, in order to increase the voltage on secondary
side of a step-down transformer, tap setting should be reduced on the primary side and vice versa. Option
2: Increasing Terminal Voltages of Generators at PV Buses You can change the Vsched by clicking the
generator or by editing the ‘Machine Data’ under Network Data.

Option 3: Using Capacitor Banks Fixed Shunts

• You can change the B (MVARs) of fixed shunts in steps of 1.2 MVARs.

ITER DELTAP BUS DELTAQ BUS DELTA/V/ BUS DELTAANG

BUS
0 2.0000( 301 ) 5.6220( 1 )
0.51614( 3701 ) 1.83344( 3101 )
1 1.1537( 301 ) 3.4673( 201 )
0.99000( 3701 ) 0.87023( 1901 )

Blown up after 2 iterations

Largest mismatch: 199.23 MW 55.37 Mvar 206.78 MVA at bus 301 [ 132.00]
System total absolute mismatch: 1477.50 MVA

SWING BUS SUMMARY:

BUS#-SCT X-- NAME --X BASKV PGEN PMAX PMIN QGEN QMAX QMIN
1100 220.00 497.3 9999.0 -9999.0 922.7 9999.0 -9999.0

ERROR: Switched shunt has no steps

Switched shunt at bus 3401 [ 11.000] is treated as locked

ERROR: Switched shunt has no steps

Switched shunt at bus 1101 [ 11.000] is treated as locked
ERROR: Switched shunt has no steps
Switched shunt at bus 3001 [ 11.000] is treated as locked

ERROR: Switched shunt has no steps

Switched shunt at bus 3801 [ 11.000] is treated as locked

ERROR: Switched shunt has no steps

Switched shunt at bus 3701 [ 11.000] is treated as locked

ERROR: Switched shunt has no steps

Switched shunt at bus 2801 [ 11.000] is treated as locked

ERROR: Switched shunt has no steps

Switched shunt at bus 2701 [ 11.000] is treated as locked

ERROR: Switched shunt has no steps

Switched shunt at bus 2401 [ 11.000] is treated as locked

ERROR: Switched shunt has no steps

Switched shunt at bus 2301 [ 11.000] is treated as locked

ERROR: Switched shunt has no steps

Switched shunt at bus 2601 [ 11.000] is treated as locked

ITER DELTAV/TOL X----------- AT BUS -----------X REAL(DELTAV) IMAG(DELTAV)

1 14.563 401 [ 220.00] 0.1456E-02 -0.2971E-07
2 19.766 401 [ 220.00] 0.1977E-02 -0.3639E-05
3 21.426 401 [ 220.00] 0.2143E-02 -0.1168E-04
4 21.829 401 [ 220.00] 0.2183E-02 -0.2089E-04
5 21.822 1 [ 500.00] 0.2182E-02 -0.2623E-04
6 21.642 1 [ 500.00] 0.2164E-02 -0.3646E-04
7 21.364 1 [ 500.00] 0.2136E-02 -0.4680E-04
8 21.059 1 [ 500.00] 0.2105E-02 -0.5686E-04
9 20.744 1 [ 500.00] 0.2073E-02 -0.6669E-04
10 20.432 1 [ 500.00] 0.2042E-02 -0.7622E-04
11 20.125 1 [ 500.00] 0.2011E-02 -0.8542E-04
12 19.823 1 [ 500.00] 0.1980E-02 -0.9432E-04
13 19.522 1 [ 500.00] 0.1950E-02 -0.1029E-03
14 19.230 1 [ 500.00] 0.1920E-02 -0.1112E-03
15 18.945 1 [ 500.00] 0.1891E-02 -0.1192E-03
16 18.670 1 [ 500.00] 0.1863E-02 -0.1270E-03
17 18.394 1 [ 500.00] 0.1834E-02 -0.1344E-03
18 18.122 1 [ 500.00] 0.1807E-02 -0.1416E-03
19 17.857 1 [ 500.00] 0.1780E-02 -0.1486E-03
20 17.601 1 [ 500.00] 0.1753E-02 -0.1553E-03
21 17.352 1 [ 500.00] 0.1728E-02 -0.1617E-03
22 17.104 1 [ 500.00] 0.1702E-02 -0.1680E-03
23 16.858 1 [ 500.00] 0.1677E-02 -0.1740E-03
24 16.619 1 [ 500.00] 0.1652E-02 -0.1798E-03
25 16.383 1 [ 500.00] 0.1628E-02 -0.1854E-03
26 16.156 1 [ 500.00] 0.1604E-02 -0.1908E-03
27 15.933 1 [ 500.00] 0.1581E-02 -0.1960E-03
28 15.714 1 [ 500.00] 0.1558E-02 -0.2010E-03
29 15.503 1 [ 500.00] 0.1537E-02 -0.2058E-03
30 15.290 1 [ 500.00] 0.1514E-02 -0.2104E-03
31 15.081 1 [ 500.00] 0.1493E-02 -0.2149E-03
32 14.879 1 [ 500.00] 0.1472E-02 -0.2192E-03
33 14.682 1 [ 500.00] 0.1451E-02 -0.2234E-03
34 14.485 1 [ 500.00] 0.1431E-02 -0.2273E-03
35 14.295 1 [ 500.00] 0.1411E-02 -0.2312E-03
36 14.107 1 [ 500.00] 0.1391E-02 -0.2349E-03
37 13.925 1 [ 500.00] 0.1372E-02 -0.2384E-03
38 13.743 1 [ 500.00] 0.1353E-02 -0.2418E-03
39 13.567 1 [ 500.00] 0.1334E-02 -0.2451E-03
40 13.395 1 [ 500.00] 0.1316E-02 -0.2483E-03
41 13.226 1 [ 500.00] 0.1299E-02 -0.2513E-03
42 13.063 1 [ 500.00] 0.1281E-02 -0.2542E-03
43 12.902 1 [ 500.00] 0.1264E-02 -0.2570E-03
44 12.738 1 [ 500.00] 0.1247E-02 -0.2596E-03
45 12.581 1 [ 500.00] 0.1230E-02 -0.2622E-03
46 12.427 1 [ 500.00] 0.1214E-02 -0.2647E-03
47 12.278 1 [ 500.00] 0.1198E-02 -0.2670E-03
48 12.130 1 [ 500.00] 0.1183E-02 -0.2693E-03
49 11.983 1 [ 500.00] 0.1167E-02 -0.2715E-03
50 11.841 1 [ 500.00] 0.1152E-02 -0.2735E-03
51 11.702 1 [ 500.00] 0.1137E-02 -0.2755E-03
52 11.564 1 [ 500.00] 0.1123E-02 -0.2774E-03
53 11.432 1 [ 500.00] 0.1109E-02 -0.2792E-03
54 11.301 1 [ 500.00] 0.1095E-02 -0.2810E-03
55 11.172 1 [ 500.00] 0.1081E-02 -0.2826E-03
56 11.047 1 [ 500.00] 0.1068E-02 -0.2842E-03
57 10.922 1 [ 500.00] 0.1054E-02 -0.2857E-03
58 10.799 1 [ 500.00] 0.1041E-02 -0.2871E-03
59 10.676 1 [ 500.00] 0.1028E-02 -0.2885E-03
60 10.562 1 [ 500.00] 0.1016E-02 -0.2898E-03
61 10.452 1 [ 500.00] 0.1004E-02 -0.2911E-03
62 10.338 1 [ 500.00] 0.9916E-03 -0.2922E-03
63 10.226 1 [ 500.00] 0.9796E-03 -0.2933E-03
64 10.116 1 [ 500.00] 0.9678E-03 -0.2944E-03
65 10.009 1 [ 500.00] 0.9563E-03 -0.2954E-03
66 9.905 1 [ 500.00] 0.9451E-03 -0.2964E-03
67 9.807 1 [ 500.00] 0.9346E-03 -0.2973E-03
68 9.706 1 [ 500.00] 0.9237E-03 -0.2981E-03
69 9.609 1 [ 500.00] 0.9132E-03 -0.2989E-03
70 9.508 1 [ 500.00] 0.9024E-03 -0.2997E-03
71 9.413 1 [ 500.00] 0.8921E-03 -0.3004E-03
72 9.316 1 [ 500.00] 0.8816E-03 -0.3011E-03
73 9.226 1 [ 500.00] 0.8718E-03 -0.3017E-03
74 9.139 1 [ 500.00] 0.8625E-03 -0.3023E-03
75 9.048 1 [ 500.00] 0.8526E-03 -0.3028E-03
76 8.963 1 [ 500.00] 0.8434E-03 -0.3033E-03
77 8.873 1 [ 500.00] 0.8337E-03 -0.3038E-03
78 8.794 1 [ 500.00] 0.8251E-03 -0.3042E-03
79 8.710 1 [ 500.00] 0.8160E-03 -0.3046E-03
80 8.629 1 [ 500.00] 0.8072E-03 -0.3050E-03
81 8.552 1 [ 500.00] 0.7988E-03 -0.3054E-03
82 8.475 1 [ 500.00] 0.7904E-03 -0.3057E-03
83 8.401 1 [ 500.00] 0.7824E-03 -0.3060E-03
84 8.322 1 [ 500.00] 0.7738E-03 -0.3062E-03
85 8.250 1 [ 500.00] 0.7660E-03 -0.3064E-03
86 8.175 1 [ 500.00] 0.7578E-03 -0.3066E-03
87 8.108 1 [ 500.00] 0.7505E-03 -0.3068E-03
88 8.038 1 [ 500.00] 0.7429E-03 -0.3070E-03
89 7.970 1 [ 500.00] 0.7355E-03 -0.3071E-03
90 7.906 1 [ 500.00] 0.7284E-03 -0.3072E-03
91 7.837 1 [ 500.00] 0.7210E-03 -0.3073E-03
92 7.773 1 [ 500.00] 0.7139E-03 -0.3074E-03
93 7.706 1 [ 500.00] 0.7067E-03 -0.3074E-03
94 7.645 1 [ 500.00] 0.7000E-03 -0.3074E-03
95 7.583 1 [ 500.00] 0.6931E-03 -0.3075E-03
96 7.525 1 [ 500.00] 0.6868E-03 -0.3074E-03
97 7.468 1 [ 500.00] 0.6805E-03 -0.3074E-03
98 7.412 1 [ 500.00] 0.6744E-03 -0.3074E-03
99 7.354 1 [ 500.00] 0.6681E-03 -0.3073E-03
100 7.300 1 [ 500.00] 0.6622E-03 -0.3073E-03

Terminated after 100 iterations--reached iteration limit

Largest mismatch: 297.45 MW -557.14 Mvar 631.57 MVA at bus 701 [ 132.00]
System total absolute mismatch: 5282.99 MVA

SWING BUS SUMMARY:

BUS#-SCT X-- NAME --X BASKV PGEN PMAX PMIN QGEN QMAX QMIN
1100 220.00 9.2 9999.0 -9999.0 -32.7 9999.0 -9999.0
Lump the loads at 11 kV buses, reduce the above network to 20 transformers wisely.
 Complex Engineering problem (Part-b)
VOLTAGE REGULATION USING SHUNT COMPENSATION.

Objective:

From load flow result of Complex Engineering Problem (Part-a), identify critical buses and
apply voltage regulation by tap-changing and shunt compensation.
• Achieve the voltages of all bus bars to be within the range of 0.95 to 1.05 PU.
• There should be no absorption of VARs on any generators.
• There should be no overloading on lines or transformers.

Steps:

• Run load flow analysis and Go to Power Flow → Check Data → Buses not in
Swing Bus Tree, and check any buses in island mode.
• Go to Power Flow → Check Data → Branch Parameters, and check the reports for
Satisfying the desired equality/inequality criteria.

1) Identify critical buses. A critical bus is a bus whose voltage exceeds 1.05 p.u or
lowers than 1.00 p.u.

over Voltage Buses under Voltage Buses

1 Voltage Angle (deg) Bus No. Bus No. V(p.u) and angle
(pu)
101 1.1244 -1.19 1401 0.9909 -1.46
201 1.0518 -1.45 1501 0.9891 -1.52
301 1.0512 -1.46 1601 0.9985 -0.72
401 1.0053 -1.36 1701 0.9985 -0.72
501 1.1245 -1.20 1401 0.9909 -1.46
701 1.0053 -1.35 2301 0.9978 -0.58
901 1.0503 -1.46 2401 0.9984 -0.72
1100 1.0270 -0.87 2701 0.9985 -0.72
1101 1.0000 0.00 3201 0.9891 -1.53
1301 1.0124 -0.92 3301 0.9908 -1.46
1801 1.0019 -0.47 3401 0.9978 -0.58
1901 1.0125 -0.93 3201 0.9891 -1.53
2001 0.9962 -0.48 3301 0.9908 -1.46
2101 0.9994 -0.33 3401 0.9978 -0.58
2201 1.0053 -1.36
2601 1.0019 -0.47
2801 1.0504 -1.47
2901 1.0272 -0.88
3001 1.0125 -0.93
3101 1.0053 -1.37
 2801 1.0504 -1.47

2) Identify critical lines.

Bus Number Voltage (pu) Base kV
1 1.1244 500.0
101 1.0518 500.0
201 1.0512 220.0
301 1.0053 132.0
401 1.1245 220.0
501 1.0053 220.0
701 1.0503 132.0
901 1.0270 132.0
1100 1.0000 220.0
1101 1.0124 11.0
1301 0.9909 132.0
1401 0.9891 132.0
1501 0.9985 132.0
1601 0.9985 132.0
1701 1.0019 132.0
1801 1.0125 66.0
1901 0.9962 66.0
2001 0.9994 66.0
2101 1.0053 66.0
2201 0.9978 66.0
2301 0.9984 11.0
2401 1.0019 11.0

CONCLUSION:

In this complex engineering problem, I have learnt how to model a 35 bus practical 220 Kv and
500 Kv system in PSSE. By applying the techniques of tap changings and shunt compensation
overflow load has been minimized and voltage regulated system is designed in this complex
problem.