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    Low Budget CNC: Instructables

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    Xavier Torras
    This document describes the construction of a low-cost CNC router. The author has iterated on their design over years to create a machine that can be built for under $200 using commonly available hardware store parts. Detailed bills of materials, 3D models, drawings and instructions are provided to allow others to build their own machine. The machine is controlled with an Arduino Uno-based GRBL controller and has a 270x430mm work area suitable for plastics, wood, and light aluminum materials.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Low Budget CNC: Instructables

    Uploaded by

    Xavier Torras
    70 views10 pages
    This document describes the construction of a low-cost CNC router. The author has iterated on their design over years to create a machine that can be built for under $200 using commonly available hardware store parts. Detailed bills of materials, 3D models, drawings and instructions are provided to allow others to build their own machine. The machine is controlled with an Arduino Uno-based GRBL controller and has a 270x430mm work area suitable for plastics, wood, and light aluminum materials.

    Original Title

    Low-Budget-CNC

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    This document describes the construction of a low-cost CNC router. The author has iterated on their design over years to create a machine that can be built for under $200 using commonly available hardware store parts. Detailed bills of materials, 3D models, drawings and instructions are provided to allow others to build their own machine. The machine is controlled with an Arduino Uno-based GRBL controller and has a 270x430mm work area suitable for plastics, wood, and light aluminum materials.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    70 views10 pages

    Low Budget CNC: Instructables

    Uploaded by

    Xavier Torras
    This document describes the construction of a low-cost CNC router. The author has iterated on their design over years to create a machine that can be built for under $200 using commonly available hardware store parts. Detailed bills of materials, 3D models, drawings and instructions are provided to allow others to build their own machine. The machine is controlled with an Arduino Uno-based GRBL controller and has a 270x430mm work area suitable for plastics, wood, and light aluminum materials.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    instructables

    Low Budget CNC

    by nicengineering

    This is the third iteration of my low budget CNC router design, which I began working on when I was in need of a
    cheap CNC machine some years ago. The idea behind this machine, is that it should be cheap and simple,
    making it possible for people on a low budget (like me being a student) to build a CNC machine using only a few
    tools. For that reason most of the parts can be found in a regular hardware store, and the design is slimmed down
    to requiring only the truly necessary parts.

    It should be possible to keep costs below 200 USD including everything from nuts, to cable sleeves and CNC
    controller.

    In this instructable I will do my best to explain how I made this machine, so that you can do one on your own!

    Detailed bill of materials, files for 3D printing and drawings are available in this instructable. I have spent some
    time on drawing the machine in Fusion360, making it possible to take a closer look on the construction.

    Disclaimer
    A CNC machine is not a toy, be careful when building and using it! I can not be held responsible for injury you
    might suffer while building the machine or when using it. Nor can I be held responsible for damage that might be
    inflicted upon any hardware used in this build. Even though I have put a lot of effort and time into this, there might
    still be missing things in the BOM and faults in my drawings or descriptions - please write me if you find such
    things.

    If you can agree to the terms above, feel free to build and carve!

    Features

    Work area: 270 x 430 x 100 mm (X, Y, Z) approximately


    Precision: Better than 1 mm (based on tests done by me)
    Speed: Around 500 mm/min
    Suitable materials: Plastics, wood and light aluminum work
    The build uses affordable components available in many hardware stores, making it quite cheap!

    Low Budget CNC: Page 1


    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MWKC1xnfwgw

    Low Budget CNC: Page 2


    Step 1: Bill of Materials

    The BOM includes everything I used for this build! Lengths of pipes are very dependent on how deep
    Details about the wooden and 3D printed parts can you drill the holes for them in the wood. Wire lengths
    be obtained from the 3D model. Here stl files for are also dependent on how you wire the machine up.
    printing can also be exctracted through Fusion 360.

    Besides the parts listed in the BOM documents, you a cordless drill. Holes for the plumping pipe was done
    will need the wooden parts. They are made out of 16 with a flat wood drill, of an apporpiate size. As some
    mm MDF and painted before assembly. The details of parts are 3D printed, you will need access to such a
    these parts can be obtained from the 3D model. machine. However, It is not strictly necessary to 3D
    print parts. You will be able to make alternatives
    Tools without a 3D printer.

    For making the wooden parts I used a Table Saw and

    http://www.instructables.com/ORIG/F1I/0VLP/IYOQLJEK/F1I0VLPIYOQLJEK.ods

    (https://cdn.instructables.com/ORIG/F1I/0VLP/IYOQLJEK/F1I0VLPIYOQLJEK.ods)

    Step 2: 3D model

    I have spent some time on drawing the model in 3D. I And finally the Nut Covers are found here:
    have done most of the things myself, but I have used
    a couple of GrabCAD resources in the model: Nut Cover

    USB Panel Mount And the Arduino UNO bumper here:

    NEMA 17 motor Arduin UNO Bumper

    AC Plug And finally the link for the complete model as shown,
    is found here:
    Emergency Stop
    Fusion 360 model
    608 Bearing

    Low Budget CNC: Page 3


    https://youtu.be/jMwTZiVOaAw

    Step 3: Assembly

    The pipes are both used as linear rails and for evident from the pictures. Measurements of wooden
    keeping the machine together. The pipes are located parts and holes in both wooden parts and aluminum
    in holes drilled in the wooden pieces to fix their angles, can be found in the 3D model. The aluminum
    position. The holes are drilled approximately half way angles are seated in the wooden pieces, where a 1
    through the wood (i.e. 8 mm) and a center hole of 8 mm deep groove is carved as can be seen from the
    mm is drilled for the threaded rod. Threaded rod is pictures below. The groove is also present in the 3D
    located inside the pipes, keeping the machine model, where measurements can be taken.
    together and partly fixing the pipes. This should be

    Low Budget CNC: Page 4


    Low Budget CNC: Page 5
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    Low Budget CNC: Page 8
    Step 4: GRBL Settings

    For running the machine I use GRBL. It has a lot of you try to increase acceleration or speed, you might
    features, it's open source, gives you an USB interface need more torque, i.e. you have to give the motors a
    (in contrast to common CNC controllers) and runs on higher current (thereby heating up the drivers). I have
    Arduino UNO. adjusted the current to a level where I do not have to
    add active cooling to the setup.
    I have only done light tuning of speed and
    acceleration, so there might be something to gain My settings you can see here,
    here. But it's a balance between current and speed. If

    Low Budget CNC: Page 9


    Step 5: GRBL Shield Note

    I had a bit of a struggle with noise on the limit switch channels of the cheap GRBL shield I bought. It didn't help to
    use the NC contact set of the switches, so it's a noise issue. Therefore I placed 100 nF caps between GND and
    each channel to get rid of this.

    Step 6: Final Notes

    I hope it's possible to put togehter the pieces from the 3D model, BOM, pictures and this short instructable. Feel
    free to comment on the instructable and/or the design.

    Low Budget CNC: Page 10

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