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HTTP - Web Caching and Conditional Request

Web caching improves web service for frequently visited pages in a local area by satisfying HTTP requests without contacting the origin server. A proxy server caches copies of recently requested web objects. When a client requests an object, if it is in the proxy's cache the request is fulfilled by the proxy; otherwise, the proxy requests the object from the origin server and caches it to fulfill future requests. This reduces response time, traffic on institutional networks, and utilization of the wide area network (WAN) link. Cache updates are handled through conditional requests that check whether the cached object has been modified since a specified date-time.

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Chaerul Anam
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43 views

HTTP - Web Caching and Conditional Request

Web caching improves web service for frequently visited pages in a local area by satisfying HTTP requests without contacting the origin server. A proxy server caches copies of recently requested web objects. When a client requests an object, if it is in the proxy's cache the request is fulfilled by the proxy; otherwise, the proxy requests the object from the origin server and caches it to fulfill future requests. This reduces response time, traffic on institutional networks, and utilization of the wide area network (WAN) link. Cache updates are handled through conditional requests that check whether the cached object has been modified since a specified date-time.

Uploaded by

Chaerul Anam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 12

HTTP

Applications of TCP/IP network


Xiaolan Tang
Question

For those popular Web pages visited frequently in a local area, how to
improve the Web service?

Web caching

Page 2
Outline
1. Web 5. Cookies
2. HTTP overview 6. Web caching
3. HTTP connections 7. Conditional request
4. HTTP messages 8. Streaming multimedia

Page 3
Web caching
Goal: satisfying HTTP request without responding from origin server
 A proxy server caches copies of
Web objects that are requested
recently
Amy
 Client (browser) sends all HTTP Client
requests to proxy server response
 Requested object is in cache: proxy Proxy Origin
server returns object server server
 Otherwise, proxy server requests
object from origin server, then returns
Bob
it to client Client
browser setting

Page 4
Proxy server
 Proxy server acts as both
client and server
 Server for original Amy
requesting client Client
 Client for origin server response
Proxy Origin
 Proxy servers are usually server server
located closed to client
 Installed by ISP Bob
Client
(university, company,
residential ISP)

Page 5
Why Web caching?
Advantages of Web caching
 Shorten response time for client request
 Reduce traffic on institution's WAN link, backbone network,
server located in data center

Content Distribution Network (CDN)


 Many distributed caches
 Localize large amounts of traffic

Internet dense with caches

Page 6
Web caching example
Scenario:
 Average object size: 1M bits
Origin
 Average request rate from browsers to origin servers
servers:15 times/sec
 Average data rate to browsers: 15 Mbps Public Internet
 Size of HTTP request message is negligible
 RTT between institutional router and any
origin server: 2 secs 15Mbps
Result: WAN
Institutional
 LAN utilization = 15% network 100Mbps
 WAN utilization = 100% LAN
 Response delay = Internet delay + WAN
delay (queuing) + LAN delay
= 2 secs + minutes + msecs Local Web cache

Page 7
Cache update

Question: How to update the caches in proxy servers?

 Update the cache according to  Parse the header about Last-


the origin server’s update Modified time, etc., to decide
policy how long the content would
be valid

Conditional request

Page 8
Outline
1. Web 5. Cookies
2. HTTP overview 6. Web caching
3. HTTP connections 7. Conditional request
4. HTTP messages 8. Streaming multimedia

Page 9
Conditional request
Goal: Server will respond with object if the condition is met

 Condition in HTTP request message


 Most common condition:
Since a specified date and time, the object is modified

Advantages
 No object transmission delay
 Lower link utilization

Page 10
Conditional request (continued)
• Client (Cache): specify date of Client Server
cached copy in HTTP request
HTTP request msg
If-modified-since: <date> If-modified-since: Mon, 29 Object not
Jun 2020 00:00:00 GMT
modified
• Server: HTTP response HTTP response msg after <date>
message contains no object if HTTP/1.1 304 Not Modified

cached copy is up-to-date:


HTTP request msg
HTTP/1.1 304 Not Modified If-modified-since : Mon, 29
Jun 2020 00:00:00 GMT Object
modified
Otherwise, the object will be HTTP response msg after <date>
sent to client HTTP/1.1 200 OK
<data>

Page 11
Thanks!

工科类 20 号
教师：唐晓岚

Page 12

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