UNIT 6:

Other Laws Relevant to the

Teaching Profession
1. RA 9262
• It is also known as The Anti-Violence Against Women and their Children Act of 2004
• It is a law the seeks to address the prevalence of violence against women and their children
(VAWC) by their intimate partners like their husband or ex-husband, live-in partner or
former live-in partner, boyfriend/girlfriend or ex-boyfriend/ex-girlfriend, dating partner or
former dating partner.
WHAT IS VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN AND THEIR CHILDREN UNDER
RA9262?
• It refers to any act or a series of acts committed by an intimate partner (husband, ex-
husband, live-in partner, boyfriend/girlfriend, fiancé, who the woman had sexual/dating
relationship):
- against a woman who is his wife, former wife;
- against a woman with whom the person has or had a sexual or dating relationship,
- against a woman with whom he has a common child;
- against her child whether legitimate or illegitimate within or without the family abode
1. RA 9262
WHAT ARE THE ACTS OF VIOLENCE WHICH ARE COVERED UNDER R.A. 9262?
(SECTION 3)
• R.A. 9262 covers several acts of violence, which are:
A. PHYSICAL VIOLENCE – acts that include bodily or physical harm (battery)
EXAMPLES:
- causing/threatening/attempting to cause physical harm to the woman or her child;
- placing the woman or her child in fear of imminent physical harm
B. SEXUAL VIOLENCE – the acts which are sexual in nature committed against a woman or her
child. It includes, but is not limited to:
EXAMPLES:
- Rape, sexual harassment, acts of lasciviousness, treating a woman or her child as a sex
object, making demeaning and sexually suggestive remarks, physically attacking the sexual parts of
the victim’s body, forcing him or her to watch obscene publications and indecent shows or forcing
the woman or her child to do indecent acts and/or make films thereof, forcing the wife and
mistress/lover to live in the conjugal home or sleep together in the same room with the abuser.
1. RA 9262
- Causing or attempting to make the woman or her child to perform sexual acts (that
do not constitute Rape) by use of force, threats, intimidation directed against the woman, her
child, or her immediate family.
- Prostituting the woman or her child.
C. PSYCHOLOGICAL VIOLENCE – Acts or omissions causing or likely to cause mental
or emotional suffering of the victim which includes, but is not limited to the following:
EXAMPLES:
- Controlling or restricting the woman’s or her child’s movement or conduct
- Threatening to or actually depriving the woman or her child of custody or access to
her/his family;
- Depriving or threatening to deprive the woman or her child of a legal right;
- Causing mental or emotional anguish, public ridicule or humiliation to the woman or
her child, e.g. repeated verbal and emotional abuse, and denial of financial support or custody
or minor children or denial of access to the woman’s child/children
1. RA 9262

D. ECONOMIC ABUSE – Acts that make or attempt to make a woman financially

dependent upon her abuser, which includes, but is not limited to the following:
EXAMPLES:
- Preventing the woman from engaging in any legitimate profession, occupation,
business or activity except in cases wherein the other spouse/partner objects on valid,
serious and moral grounds as defined in Article 73 of the Family Code;
- Controlling the woman’s own money or property; or solely controlling the
conjugal or common money/properties;
- Destroying household property;
2. RA 9710
• Section 1. Short Title. - This Act shall be known as "The Magna Carta of Women".
• Section 2. Declaration of Policy. - Recognizing that the economic, political, and sociocultural
realities affect women's current condition, the State affirms the role of women in nation building
and ensures the substantive equality of women and men. It shall promote empowerment of
women and pursue equal opportunities for women and men and ensure equal access to resources
and to development results and outcome. Further, the State realizes that equality of men and
women entails the abolition of the unequal structures and practices that perpetuate
discrimination and inequality. To realize this, the State shall endeavor to develop plans, policies,
programs, measures, and mechanisms to address discrimination and inequality in the economic,
political, social, and cultural life of women and men.
• The State condemns discrimination against women in all its forms and pursues by all appropriate
means and without delay the policy of eliminating discrimination against women in keeping with
the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women
(CEDAW) and other international instruments consistent with Philippine law. The State shall
accord women the rights, protection, and opportunities available to every member of society.
2. RA 9710
• The State affirms women's rights as human rights and shall intensify its efforts to fulfill its duties under
international and domestic law to recognize, respect, protect, fulfill, and promote all human rights and
fundamental freedoms of women, especially marginalized women, in the economic, social, political,
cultural, and other fields without distinction or discrimination on account of class, age, sex, gender,
language, ethnicity, religion, ideology, disability, education, and status. The State shall provide the necessary
mechanisms to enforce women's rights and adopt and undertake all legal measures necessary to foster and
promote the equal opportunity for women to participate in and contribute to the development of the
political, economic, social, and cultural realms.
• The State, in ensuring the full integration of women's concerns in the mainstream of development, shall
provide ample opportunities to enhance and develop their skills, acquire productive employment and
contribute to their families and communities to the fullest of their capabilities.
• In pursuance of this policy, the State reaffirms the right of women in all sectors to participate in policy
formulation. planning, organization, implementation, management, monitoring, and evaluation of all
programs, projects, and services. It shall support policies, researches, technology, and training programs
and other support services such as financing, production, and marketing to encourage active participation
of women in national development.
2. RA 9710
• Section 3. Principles of Human Rights of Women. - Human rights are universal and inalienable.
All people in the world are entitled to them. The universality of human rights is encompassed in the
words of Article 1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which states that all human beings
are free and equal in dignity and rights.
• Human rights are indivisible. Human rights are inherent to the dignity of every human being whether
they relate to civil, cultural, economic, political, or social issues. Human rights are interdependent and
interrelated. The fulfillment of one right often depends, wholly or in part, upon the fulfillment of
others.
• All individuals are equal as human beings by virtue of the inherent dignity of each human person. No
one, therefore, should suffer discrimination on the basis of ethnicity, gender, age, language, sexual
orientation, race, color, religion, political, or other opinion, national, social, or geographical origin,
disability, property, birth, or other status as established by human rights standards.
• All people have the right to participate in and access information relating to the decision- making
processes that affect their lives and well-being. Rights-based approaches require a high degree of
participation by communities, civil society, minorities, women, young people, indigenous peoples, and
other identified groups.
2. RA 9710

• States and other duty-bearers are answerable for the observance of human rights. They
have to comply with the legal norms and standards enshrined in international human
rights instruments in accordance with the Philippine Constitution. Where they fail to do
so, aggrieved rights-holders are entitled to institute proceedings for appropriate redress
before a competent court or other adjudicator in accordance with the rules and
procedures provided by law.
3. RA 10157
• It is an act institutionalizing the kindergarten education into the basic education system and
appropriating funds therefor
• SECTION 1. Short Title. – This Act shall be known as the “Kindergarten Education Act”.
• SECTION 2. Declaration of Policy. – In consonance with the Millennium Development Goals
on achieving Education for All (EFA) by the year 2015, it is hereby declared the policy of the State
to provide equal opportunities for all children to avail of accessible mandatory and compulsory
kindergarten education that effectively promotes physical, social, intellectual, emotional and skills
stimulation and values formation to sufficiently prepare them for formal elementary schooling. This
Act shall apply to elementary school system being the first stage of compulsory and mandatory
formal education.
• Thus, kindergarten will now be an integral part of the basic education system of the country.
Kindergarten education is vital to the academic and technical development of the Filipino child for it
is the period when the young mind’s absorptive capacity for learning is at its sharpest. It is also the
policy of the State to make education learner-oriented and responsive to the needs, cognitive and
cultural capacity, the circumstances and diversity of learners, schools and communities through the
appropriate languages of teaching and learning.
3. RA 10157
• SECTION 4. Institutionalization of Kindergarten Education. – Kindergarten
education is hereby institutionalized as part of basic education and for school year 2011-
2012 shall be implemented partially, and thereafter, it shall be made mandatory and
compulsory for entrance to Grade 1.
• SECTION 5. Medium of Instruction. – The State shall hereby adopt the mother
tongue-based multilingual education (MTB-MLE) method. The mother tongue of the
learner shall be the primary medium of instruction for teaching and learning in the
kindergarten level. However, exceptions shall be made to the following cases:
- When the pupils in the kindergarten classroom have different mother tongues or
when some of them speak another mother tongue;
- When the teacher does not speak the mother tongue of the learners;
- When resources, in line with the use of the mother tongue, are not yet available; and
- When teachers are not yet trained how to use the MTB-MLE program.