ADVERBIALS

Each subclass has its own positions

Subclasses of Time, Place, and Manner.
Time: a. soon b. tomorrow
Place: a. here b. outside
Manner: a. well b. skillfully
Group a
1 2 3 4 5
He will play tennis.
Time: Soon soon soon soon
Place: Here here
Manner: well
Group b
1 2 3 4 5
He will play tennis.
Time: Tomorrow tomorrow
Place: outside
Manner: skillfully skillfully
Here it is evident that each member of the group an adverbials of time, place, and
manner has a distribution unlike that of its mate in group b. In other words we
have positional sub-subclasses.
16-15
1 2 3 4
Pattern 4: N LV Aj
The leaves turned brown.
Time: recently 2,4
Place: everywhere 4
Manner: gradually 2,3,4
Adverbials have three subclasses:
Time: When?
Yesterday, last week, at three o’clock, tomorrow, early, late, soon, then, now.
Frequency: How often?
Always, never, seldom, rarely, frequently, often, sometimes, generally.
Duration: How long?
Hours, for hours, a week, the whole night, until dawn, since yesterday.
Exercise 16-16
A:
l. Pattern 2: the game was adverbs of frequency
2. Any pattern, preverb
position :
we adverbs of frequency played ball
B:
1 2 3 4
3. pattern 7 : jim studied chemistry all afternoon
1. Before the pattern, with or without juncture:
Really, you should know better.
Now it's time to go.
2. After the subject and before the auxiliary Orverb:
She often would forget her keys.
He actually expects to marry her.
3. After the auxiliary or the first auxiliary:
He would seldom make the effort.
They could easily have made another touchdown.
4. After the verb in Pattern 6 and after be in Patterns 1, 2, and 3:
He drove recklessly.
She is seldom late.
She is outside.
Her brother is always a gentleman.
5. After the complement Of the verb (SC, DO, OC):
Hoskins will be quarterback tomorrow.
Hoskins will play football tomorrow.
They may choose Hoskins captain tomorrow.
Noun: He will come Sunday.
Verb: They stood eating.(= thus)
Adjective: They played dirty.
Come quick.
Adverb: Come quickly.
Uninflected word: Come back
1. Uninflected words used both as adverbials and prepositions:
above, about, after, around, before, behind, below, down in, inside,
on, out, outside, since, to, under, up.
2. "-ward" series, with optional -s:
afterward, backward, downward, forward, inward, outward, upward.
3. "Here" series:
here, herein, hereby, heretofore, hereafter.
4. 'There" series:
there, therein, thereby, therefore, thereafter.
5. "-where" series:
anywhere, everywhere, somewhere, nowhere.
6. "-way(s)" series:
Crossways, sideways, anyway.
7. "-time(S)" series:
meantime, sometime, anytime, sometimes.
8. Miscellaneous
Today, tonight, tomorrow, yesterday,' now, then, seldom, still, yet, already, meanwhile,
also, too, never, not, forth, thus, sidelong, headlong, maybe, perhaps, instead, indeed,
henceforth, piecemeal, nevertheless, downstairs, indoors, outdoors, offhand, overseas,
unawares, besides, furthermore,always
16-17: Underline each one-word adverbial. Write the number that shows which of the
five numbered adverbial positions it occupies. Indetify the adverbial by N, V, Aj, Av or
UW.
1. Before the pattern, with or without juncture
2. After the subject and before auxiliary or verb
3. After the auxiliary or first auxiliary
4. After the verb in Pattern 6 and after be in Pattern 1, 2 and 3
5. After the complement of the verb (SC, DO., OC)

1. Bob should talk loud. 4 Aj

2. Indeed, bring him with you. 1 UW
3. He drove the car madly around the track. 5 Av
4. 1 certainly will. 2 Av
5. They entered singing. 4 V
6. He frequently reads in bed. 2 Av
7. The deer was standing below. 4 UW
8. I’ll see you inside. 5 UW
9. I will eventually make a report. 3 Av
10. We usually stopped for tea. 2 Av
11. They stood around for ten minutes. 4 UW
12. Will you set the plant here? 5 UW
13. It is still a long distance to Albany. 4 UW
14. The vice-president had already signed he contract. 3 UW
15. The bus approached rapidly. 4 Av
16. We had seldom walked to the park. 3 UW
17. Meanwhile Giovanni started the fire. 1 UW
18. The ride was also tiresome. 4 UW
19. They rode Saturday. 4 N
20. The ants were everywhere. 4 UW
Exercise 16-18: The adverbial word groups are italicized. In the blank indicate by number
the adverbial position of each.
1. I'll dress while you shave. 4
2. When the coffee is ready, blow the whistle. 1
3. He might under the circumstances agree to the job.
3
4. Our guide split the log with ease. 5
5. Chewing his tobacco meditatively, White Foot studied the blackening sky. 1
6. A hungry trout rose to the surface. 4
7. By that time the fish were no longer biting.
1
8. To find the camp, just follow the creck downstream
1
9. From the hilltop you can see the sawmill. 1
10. Jake hunts to make a living. 4
11. You must hold the knife this way. 5