SYMPATHOLYTIC DRUGS (ADRENERGIC ANTAGONISTS)

CLASSIFICATION LIST OF DRUGS THERAPEUTIC USES ADVERSE EFFECTS CONTRAINDICATION

1.Phenoxybenzamine > Treatment of > Cause postural >Patients with

(Irreversible) Pheochromocytoma, hypotension, nasal decreased coronary
chronic management stuffiness, nausea, perfusion
of these tumors and vomiting, may
ALPHA (inoperable), treat inhibit ejaculation,
Raynaud disease, and may induce
BLOCKERS frostbite, and reflex tachycardia
acrocyanosis,
manage autonomic
hyperreflexia
Non-selective
2. Phentolamine >Short-term >produces postural >Patients with
(Reversible) management of hypotension, trigger decreased coronary
Pheochromocytoma, arrhythmias and perfusion
used locally to anginal pain
prevent dermal
necrosis and
extravasation due to
NE, used to treat
hypertensive crisis,
and rarely used for
treating impotence
1.Prazosin >useful in the (1-5)>Dizziness, lack >Patients that are
2.Terazosin treatment of of energy, nasal hypersensitive to the
3.Doxazosin hypertension, treat congestion, said drugs
congestive heart headache,
failure drowsiness,
Alpha – 1 orthostatic
4.Alfuzosin >treatment of Benign hypotension,
5.Tamsulosin Prostatic inhibition of
Selective Blocker Hypertrophy, treat ejaculation,
congestive heart retrograde
failure ejaculation, Na and
water retention
5.> Floppy iris
syndrome

6.Silodosin >used by men to >Dizziness, Diarrhea, 6.> Patients with

7.Indoramin treat the symptoms orthostatic severe renal impairment
of enlarged prostate hypotension or severe renal disease
(BPH) (CrCl < 30 ml/min)

8.Urapidil > reduces blood >headache,

pressure orthostatic
hypotension,
dizziness
 1.Yohimbine >sometimes used as >headache,
sexual stimulant, sweating, nausea,
relieve anxiety, irritability, >Patients with CNS and
vasoconstriction fast heart rate cardiovascular
(Raynaud disease), conditions
Alpha – 2 CNS and
cardiovascular
stimulant
Selective Blocker
2. Rauwolscine > CNS stimulant, a
local anesthetic and a
vague aphrodisiac
(somehow similar in
effects with
Yohimbine)
1.Propranolol >Antihypertensive >Bronchoconstriction
> Reduce migraine >Arrhythmias
episodes(prophylaxis) >Sexual Impairment
BETA >Antihyperthyroidism >Metabolic
>useful for chronic disturbances
BLOCKERS management of >CNS Effects
stable angina and not (dizziness, etc.)
for acute (angina >Drug interactions:
pectoris) Either potentiate All>Patients with COPD
>treatment for antihypertensive or asthma
myocardial infarction effects/stimulate or
(prophylaxis) induce its
metabolism
*based on selectivity
Non-selective 2. Nadolol >Antihypertensive >SE: temporary
3. Timolol >Antihypertensive blurred vision,
(occasionally), itching/redness of
diminish intraocular eyes, dry/watery
pressure in eyes, headache
glaucoma; others are
betaxolol,
carteolol(topically,
chronically)

4.Pindolol

1.Bisoprolol >used in > bradycardia, >patients with complete

*based on selectivity 2.Betaxolol hypertensive patients decreased exercise heart block and should
3.Esmolol with impaired capacity, be used with great
4.Acebutolol pulmonary function hypotension, caution in patients with
Beta - 1 5.Atenolol >useful in diabetic atrioventricular second-degree heart
6.Metoprolol hypertensive patients nodal block, and block
Selective Blocker 7.Celiprolol* receiving oral heart failure >patients with
8.Nebivolol hypoglycemic agents moderate to severe
asthma and patients
with chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease
 1.Carteolol (3-4)> effective in
2.Labetalol hypertensive patients
*based on 3.Acebutolol with moderate
Intrinsic 4.Pindolol bradychardia,
Sympathomimetic valuable in the
Activity (ISA) treatment of diabetic
patients
1.Pindolol
*based on 2.Propranolol 5>Improvement of
3.Acebutolol serum lipid profile in
Membrane 4.Labetalol dyslipidemia patients
Stabilizing 5.Metoprolol
Activity

1.Labetalol >treats elderly/black 1-2> Orthostatic >Patients with

hypertensive patients hypotension, severe bradycardia,
>Alternative to dizziness cardiogenic shock,
methyldopa in severe hypotension,
treatment of anyone with a history of
pregnancy-induced obstructive airway
*based on hypertension disease
Presence of including asthma
Alpha-Blocking
2.Carvedilol >prevent > severe hypotension,
Activity (Mixed cardiovascular sick sinus syndrome,
Alpha and Beta mortalities in and severe bradycardia
Blocker) patients with heart in the absence of a
failure functional pacemaker,
>shows clinical reaction
benefit in patients
with stable chronic
heart failure (also:
metoprolol,
bisoprolol)