Abstract For Veronica

POULTRY FARMING AND EMPLOYMENT CREATION IN MAKURDI LOCAL
GOVERNMENT AREA OF BENUE STATE
BY
IULUN VERONICA NGUAVESE

BSU/SS/ECO/12/17080
PROJECT SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMICS, BENUE

STATE UNIVERSITY, MAKURDI IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE
REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (B.Sc)
DEGREE IN ECONOMICS
AUGUST, 2017
i
DECLARATION
I declare that the work described in the project is original, and has not been previously
submitted to any university or similar institutions for the award of any degree or certificate.
_____________________ __________________
IULUN VERONICA NGUAVESE Date
ii
CERTIFICATION
This is to certify that this research work entitled “Poultry Farming and Employment Creation
in Makurdi Local Government Area of Benue State” has been fully researched by Iulun
Veronica Nguavese (BSU/SS/ECO/12/17080) of the Department of Economics, Faculty of
Social Sciences, Benue State University, Makurdi and has been approved as a qualification
for the award of bachelor of science (B.Sc) Degree in Economics.
_________________________ _____________________
Dr Naomi Doki Date
(Project Supervisor)
_______________________ _____________________
Dr S.O. Ajegi Date
(Head of Department)
____________________ ___________________
External Examiner Date
iii
DEDICATION
This work is dedicated to Almighty God for his enormous blessings, guidance and protection.
Without him, I wouldn’t have come this far. I also dedicate this work to my wonderful
parents, Mr. and Mrs. Emmanuel Iulun, my late grandmother Mrs. Cecilia Iulun and to my
entire family and friends for their immense support and encouragement.
iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
I would like to express my deep gratitude to God Almighty for the gift of life and sound heath
to carry out this research work.
Special thanks to my supervisor. Dr. (Mrs.) Naomi Doki for her professional
guidance, enthusiastic encouragement and useful critiques for this research work, May God in
His infinite mercy continue to bless you with more wisdom, knowledge and strength to
continue with your good work.
My unrestrained appreciation goes to my HOD. Dr. S.O Ajegi and the entire lecturers
of the Department of Economics, Benue State University, Makurdi who haVe wholeheartedly
and painstakingly impacted their intellectual acumen to me, they are of Dr. S.T Asom, Dr.
D.T. Nomor Dr. Isah Okpe, Dr. Jerome Andohol, Dr. Joseph Okwori. Dr. Ayila Ngutsav, Dr.
J.T. Sokpo, Dr. Akin Sunday, Dr. Samuel Ominyi, Dr. P.T. Abachi, Dr. C. Obute. Mr.
Raymond Aor, Dr. T. Akighir, Dr. .Joseph Fefa. Mr. Terkura D. Bakkihs, Dr.(Mrs.) Ahemen
Member, Mr. Princewill Okoche, Mr. Ebele Emmanuel and Mrs Mile Ngodoo may God grant
your heart desires.
My deepest gratitude and appreciation goes to my unrivalled Parents. Mr. and Mrs.
Emanuel lulun their parental love and support all through my studies in school, both Morally,
Financially. Emotionally and Spiritually without your efforts I would not have had the
privilege of being in an academic environment nor see the four walls of a class room. May
the Almighty God give you long lives and prosperity to get the chance of seeing the success
of this child of yours and every of your children in their every cause and endeavours, Amen.
And also to my siblings, lulun Mary, lulun Sarah and lulun David. I am forever indebted to
you all.
Lastly to my friends Joy Oluma, Mariarn Orokpo, Joy Odinya and to those whose
names are not mentioned herein, thank you for your contributions, care and support and for
standing by me, not just in my educational endeavours but in every’ moment of my life that
you have been able to contribute to make me better, thank you. I love you all.
v
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Cover Page i
Declaration ii
Certification iii
Dedication iv
Acknowledgements v
Table of Contents vi
Abstract ix
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Backgrounds to the Study 1
1.2 Statement of the Problem 3
1.3 Research Question 3
1.4 Objective of the Study 3
1.5 Research Hypothesis 4
1.6 Significant of the Study 4
1.7 Scope of the Study 4
1.8 Research Plan 5
CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 Conceptual Issues 6
2.1.1 The Concept of Poultry 6
2.1.1.1 Poultry Farming 6
2.1.1.2 Types of Poultry Farming 7
2.1.1.3 Classification of Poultry 8
2.1.1.4 Factors Militating against Poultry Farming in Nigeria 9
2.1.1.5 Uses of Poultry (Products) 11
vi
2.1.2 The Concept of Employment Creation 13
2.1.2.1 Challenges Militating against Employment Creation in Nigeria 14
2.1.2.2 Ways of Creating Employment 15
2.2 Theoretical Framework 16
2.2.1 Theoretical Link 18
2.3 Empirical Studies 19
2.4 Research Gap 23
CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Study Area 24
3.2 Research Design 24
3.3 Population for the Study 24
3.4 Sample Size Determination 25
3.5 Sources of Data Collection 26
3.6 Method of Data Analysis 26
3.6.1 Decision Rule 27
CHAPTER FOUR: DATA PRESENTATION, INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS
OF RESULTS
4.1 Distribution and Retrieval of Questionnaires 28
4.2 Data Presentation and Interpretation 28
4.2.1 Demographic and Socio-economic characteristics of the Respondents 28

4.2.2 Effect of Poultry Farming on Employment creation in the study area 31
4.2.3 Problems faced by Poultry Farmers in Makurdi Local Government Area 39
4.3 Test of Hypothesis 40
4.4 Discussion of findings 41
vii
CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND
RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Summary 43
5.2 Conclusion 44
5.3 Recommendations 44
REFERENCES 45
APPENDICES 47
viii
ABSTRACT
This research work investigated the impact of poultry farming on employment creation in
Makurdi Local Government Area of Benue State. Nigeria to identify the socio-economic
characteristics of poultry farmers, the extent poultry farming has created employment
opportunities, the effect of poultry farming on the income of farmers and the factors that
hinder the production and utilization of poultry products. The study employed primary data
gathered through a survey of 305 poultry farmers in Makurdi Local Government Area. The
Data analysis was based on descriptive statistics and chi-square distribution. The study
found that despite factors such as inadequate finance, high cost of vaccines, high cost of
feeds, low demands among others, poultry farming has created employment opportunities in
Makurdi Local Government Area. It was recommended that more youths should be
encouraged to involve themselves in the farming practice to help them become financially
independent and contribute positively towards themselves, their families and their
communities as well.
ix

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POULTRY FARMING AND EMPLOYMENT CREATION IN MAKURDI LOCAL

GOVERNMENT AREA OF BENUE STATE

IULUN VERONICA NGUAVESE

PROJECT SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMICS, BENUE

Veronica Nguavese (BSU/SS/ECO/12/17080) of the Department of Economics, Faculty of

for the award of bachelor of science (B.Sc) Degree in Economics.

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

1.1 Backgrounds to the Study 1

1.2 Statement of the Problem 3

1.3 Research Question 3

1.4 Objective of the Study 3

1.5 Research Hypothesis 4

1.6 Significant of the Study 4

1.7 Scope of the Study 4

1.8 Research Plan 5

CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

2.1 Conceptual Issues 6

2.1.1 The Concept of Poultry 6

2.1.1.1 Poultry Farming 6

2.1.1.2 Types of Poultry Farming 7

2.1.1.3 Classification of Poultry 8

2.1.1.4 Factors Militating against Poultry Farming in Nigeria 9

2.1.1.5 Uses of Poultry (Products) 11

2.1.2.1 Challenges Militating against Employment Creation in Nigeria 14

2.1.2.2 Ways of Creating Employment 15

2.2 Theoretical Framework 16

2.2.1 Theoretical Link 18

2.3 Empirical Studies 19

2.4 Research Gap 23

CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.1 Study Area 24

3.2 Research Design 24

3.3 Population for the Study 24

3.4 Sample Size Determination 25

3.5 Sources of Data Collection 26

3.6 Method of Data Analysis 26

3.6.1 Decision Rule 27

CHAPTER FOUR: DATA PRESENTATION, INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS

4.1 Distribution and Retrieval of Questionnaires 28

4.2 Data Presentation and Interpretation 28

4.2.1 Demographic and Socio-economic characteristics of the Respondents 28

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