Binomial Theorem

BINOMIAL
THEOREM
College Algebra
Engr. MARCELO T. ABRERA, Jr.

Instructor
▪ BINOMIAL EXPANSION
BINOMIAL
USING PASCAL’S
TRIANGLE
THEOREM
TECHNIQUE
▪ rth TERM OF (a + b)n
▪ SUM OF COEFFICIENTS
OF AN EXPANSION
▪ BINOMIAL EXPANSION BY College Algebra

CALCULUS TECHNIQUE

Instructor
BINOMIAL THEOREM
BINOMIAL EXPANSION USING College Algebra
PASCAL’S TRIANGLE
(a + b)n
Example: (𝑥 + 𝑦)2 = 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 2
Note: The number of terms in the expansion is (n + 1)

BINOMIAL THEOREM
BINOMIAL EXPANSION College Algebra
BY PASCAL’S TRIANGLE
PASCAL’S TRIANGLE
- used to determine (a + b)0

the coefficients of the (a + b)1
terms in a binomial
expansion. (a + b)2
(a + b)3
(a + b)4
(a + b)5
(a + b)6
(a + b)7
BINOMIAL THEOREM
BINOMIAL EXPANSION College Algebra
BY PASCAL’S TRIANGLE
(a + b)3 = 1 a3 b 0 + 3 a2 b 1 + 3 a 1 b 2 + 1 a0 b 3
2
= a3 + 3 a b + 3 a b 2
+ b3
Properties:
1. The number of terms in the expansion is (n + 1)
2. The first term is an and the last term is bn.
3. The exponent of a descends linearly from n to 0.
4. The exponent of b ascends linearly from 0 to n.
5. The sum of the exponents of a and b in any of the
terms is equal to n.
BINOMIAL THEOREM
College Algebra
EXAMPLE PROBLEM 1
Find the middle term of the expansion of 𝑥 + 3𝑦 6 .
ANSWER 𝟓𝟒𝟎𝒙𝟑 𝒚𝟑
BINOMIAL
USING PASCAL’S TRIANGLE
TECHNIQUE
▪
▪
rth TERM OF (a + b)n
SUM OF COEFFICIENCTS OF
THEOREM
A BINOMIAL EXPANSION
▪ BINOMIAL EXPANSION BY
CALCULUS TECHNIQUE College Algebra

Instructor
BINOMIAL THEOREM
BINOMIAL EXPANSION TECHNIQUE College Algebra
& rth term of (a + b)n
𝒏!
rth term of (a + b)n = 𝒂𝒏−𝒓+𝟏 𝒃𝒓−𝟏
𝒏−𝒓+𝟏 ! 𝒓−𝟏 !
e.g. 𝒂+𝒃 𝟑
= 𝒂𝟑 + 𝟑𝒂𝟐 𝒃 + 𝟑𝒂𝒃𝟐 + 𝒃𝟑
Technique:
1. The number of terms in the expansion is (n + 1).
2. In the rth term, b has an exponent (𝑟 − 1).
3. The sum of the exponents of a and b in any of the terms is equal to n.
𝒏!
4. The coefficient of any term is
(𝐞𝐱𝐩 𝒐𝒇 𝒂)! (𝐞𝐱𝐩 𝒐𝒇 𝒃)!
𝑛
for middle term: Set r = + 1 for even value of n
2
BINOMIAL THEOREM
College Algebra
EXAMPLE PROBLEM 1
Find the middle term of the expansion of 𝑥 + 3𝑦 6 .
ANSWER 𝟓𝟒𝟎𝒙𝟑 𝒚𝟑
May 2015
BINOMIAL THEOREM
College Algebra
EXAMPLE PROBLEM 2
1 10
What is the fourth term of the expansion of 2𝑥 −𝑥 ?
a. −960/𝑥 4 c. −15360𝑥 4
b. 13440/𝑥 4 d. 3360𝑥 4
ANSWER c. −𝟏𝟓𝟑𝟔𝟎𝒙𝟒
BINOMIAL
PASCAL’S TRIANGLE
TECHNIQUE
▪
▪
SUM OF COEFFICIENTS
THEOREM
OF A BINOMIAL
EXPANSION

CALCULUS TECHNIQUE

Instructor
BINOMIAL THEOREM
SUM OF COEFFICIENTS College Algebra
OF AN EXPANSION
𝟑
Example: 𝒙+𝒚 = 𝒙𝟑 + 𝟑𝒙𝟐 𝒚 + 𝟑𝒙𝒚𝟐 + 𝒚𝟑 Sum = 8
To get the SUM OF THE COEFFICIENTS in the expansion of 𝒂𝒙 + 𝒃𝒚 + ⋯ 𝒏

,
SUBSTITUTE 1 TO EACH OF THE VARIABLES x, y,…
What if the expansion contains constant?
Example: 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑 𝟐 = 𝟒𝒙𝟐 + 𝟏𝟐𝒙 + 𝟗 Sum = 16

BINOMIAL THEOREM
College Algebra
EXAMPLE PROBLEM 3
Find the sum of the coefficients in the expansion of 𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 𝑧 8
a. 256 c. 1
b. 1024 d. 6
ANSWER a. 256
BINOMIAL
PASCAL’S TRIANGLE
TECHNIQUE
▪
▪
SUM OF COEFFICIENCTS
THEOREM
OF A BINOMIAL
EXPANSION

CALCULUS TECHNIQUE

Instructor
BINOMIAL THEOREM
BINOMIAL EXPANSION BY College Algebra
CALCULUS TECHNIQUE
▪ used to solve binomials where n = fraction or negative integer or any value
Expand 𝒙 + 𝒚 𝟑
BINOMIAL THEOREM
College Algebra
EXAMPLE PROBLEM 4
What is the 5th term of the expansion of 𝒙 + 𝒚 −𝟏
ANSWER
𝒚𝟒
𝒙𝟓
BINOMIAL THEOREM
College Algebra
PRACTICE
PROBLEMS
WHEN PROBLEM SHOWS UP, PAUSE AND SOLVE
AFTER SOLVING, “PLAY’ THE VIDEO FOR ANSWER REVEAL

CE Nov 1996
BINOMIAL THEOREM
College Algebra
PRACTICE PROBLEM 1
1 16
Find the 6th term of the expansion of −3 .
2𝑎
22113 22113
a. − c. −
256𝑎11 128𝑎11
66339 66339
b. − d. −
128𝑎11 256𝑎11
𝟔𝟔𝟑𝟑𝟗
ANSWER b. −
𝟏𝟐𝟖𝒂𝟏𝟏
ECE Apr 1998
BINOMIAL THEOREM
College Algebra
PRACTICE PROBLEM 2
In the expansion of 𝑥 + 4𝑦 12
, the numerical coefficient of the 5th term is
a. 253,440 c. 63,360
b. 126,720 d. 506,880
ANSWER b. 126,720
BINOMIAL THEOREM
College Algebra
PRACTICE PROBLEM 3
The sum of the coefficients in the expansion of 𝑥 + 2𝑦 + 𝑧 4

𝑥 + 3𝑦 5
is
a. 524,288 c. 131,072
b. 65,536 d. 262,144
ANSWER d. 262,144
BINOMIAL THEOREM
College Algebra
PRACTICE PROBLEM 4
What is the 4th term of the expansion of 2 − 3𝑦 2 −1/3

?
ANSWER 0.46299y6
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BINOMIAL

Engr. MARCELO T. ABRERA, Jr.

▪ rth TERM OF (a + b)n

▪ BINOMIAL EXPANSION BY College Algebra

Engr. MARCELO T. ABRERA, Jr.

Example: (𝑥 + 𝑦)2 = 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 2

Note: The number of terms in the expansion is (n + 1)

- used to determine (a + b)0

Engr. MARCELO T. ABRERA, Jr.

▪ BINOMIAL EXPANSION BY College Algebra

Engr. MARCELO T. ABRERA, Jr.

To get the SUM OF THE COEFFICIENTS in the expansion of 𝒂𝒙 + 𝒃𝒚 + ⋯ 𝒏

What if the expansion contains constant?

Example: 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟑 𝟐 = 𝟒𝒙𝟐 + 𝟏𝟐𝒙 + 𝟗 Sum = 16

▪ BINOMIAL EXPANSION BY College Algebra

Engr. MARCELO T. ABRERA, Jr.

▪ used to solve binomials where n = fraction or negative integer or any value

WHEN PROBLEM SHOWS UP, PAUSE AND SOLVE

AFTER SOLVING, “PLAY’ THE VIDEO FOR ANSWER REVEAL

The sum of the coefficients in the expansion of 𝑥 + 2𝑦 + 𝑧 4

What is the 4th term of the expansion of 2 − 3𝑦 2 −1/3

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