GWP Protective Lithium Ion Shipping Guide
GWP Protective Lithium Ion Shipping Guide
GWP Protective Lithium Ion Shipping Guide
Guide:
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Meet all UN regulations Source cases and foam Custom designed foam
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for the safe shipment of inserts from Search
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inserts with calculated
lithium batteries to enhance performance levels of protection
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Please see below for a quick guide to the contents of this guide.
Why protection of your high value equipment and products is crucial to your business success
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Rules and applicable regulations for safely shipping lithium batteries Why GWP
04 Labelling Required
Specific regulations when shipping lithium batteries via road / rail networks (ADR)
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Many people assume it is safe to ship lithium ion batteries without much thought to
shipping method or packaging. But this is not theDistributors
case. Sheet material
It is simply dangerous and potentially illegal to put them into any old box and send them,
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with a number of laws and regulations already in place to ensure the safety of those
transporting them. Emails SPA
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Looking at the list of criteria and influencing factors can be in credibly daunting, whichUnique Benefits
is why this guide - alongside the articles you can find on the gwp.co.uk website - aims to
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provide you with a solid understanding of what is required.
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Saying that, if you have any specific questions then you may find this list of FAQs useful, or
alternatively speak with an adviser at GWP who will be happy to help.
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We hope you find it useful and informative, but should you have any further questions then
please do not hesitate to contact a member of our team.
Richard Coombes
General Manager | GWP Protective
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...and why are they so dangerous Damage Sample cases Quote
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As the name would suggest, lithium batteries are used as a power source for a range Large quantities of batteries pose
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of products, appearing in everything from electricDistributors
cars to power tools and mobile a significant safety risk, which
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phones. is particularly acute when being
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shipped by air. A relatively small
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But moving beyond the obvious, lithium batteries are commonly split into 2 differing Returnable
incident can lead to an uncontrollable
categories – lithium metal batteries and lithium ion batteries.
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considered hazardous materials and
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non rechargeable, and contain Specialist corrugated
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Starting with lithium metal batteries, these are usually Rigid plastic products
must be handled accordingly.
metallic lithium (hence the name). They typically have a higher “energy density” than
similar non rechargeable batteries, which means ESD are widely used to power items SSI Schaefer
theyFoam
such as calculators, hearing aids, pacemakers and wrist-watches (basically anything
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where you wouldn’t expect to charge or replace the batteries that often). Stock Reduction Sample cases
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Lithium batteries can also be prone to “thermal runaway”. What this basically means
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is that if the internal circuitry is compromised, an increase in internal temperature
can occur. At a certain temperature, the battery cells begin to vent hot gasses, in turn
increasing the temperature in neighbouring cells. Ultimately, this will lead to ignition
– and fire.
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TEL: 01722 416 440 WEB: www.gwp.co.uk/protective EMAIL: protective@gwp.co.uk
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Please use the table below for an overview of all types of hazardous goods
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In Transit...
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Whether you are experiencing unacceptable levels of damage
finding shipping costs excessiveDesign
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which protective case is best for your business, we can help!
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The shipping of lithium batteries are effectively covered by 4 pieces of UN legislation, although there are numerous specifics within these
which can influence the exact processes and materials you need to consider to ensureSheet
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shipping (or at least minimise the risk as far as is
possible). The specific UN regulations covering the shipment of these batteries are as follows:
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UN Regulation Batteries Covered
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The following table gives an overview of the UN packaging requirements for Lithium batteries.
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Cells and batteries shall be packed in inner packaging that Protection against damage and short
completely enclose the cell or battery, protection against short circuits, no conductive materials,
Packaging
circuits, no conductive materials, strong outer packaging that is prevention of accidental activation,
able to withstand a 1.2m drop test strong outer packaging.
Contains lithium
Documentation
Is flammable
(only required
Shall be handled with care
when package is
In case of damage, special procedures shall be followed
labelled)
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The below labels must be used when shipping Lithium batteries - although the rules vary depending on the number of batteries, their watt
ratings or their (combined) weight. Distributors Sheet material
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But regulations tighten for lithium batteries that exceed the exception limits. At that point, the package becomes a fully-regulated shipment
and requires additional documentation, including:
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The below diagram explains the labelling that you will see on any UN compliant lithikum battery cases.
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A Serial Number
B Packaging type and material. 4B = case made from aluminium. 50B = large container made from aluminium (volume >450 litres)
C Packaging group and gross weight: X102 = VPGR. I, II and III gross weight 102 kg
D Material type: S = solid material or internal packaging without hydraulic internal pressure testing
E Year of manufacture
H Licensing institution: BAM = Federal Office for Material Research and Testing
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If your lithium-ion batteries are being transported by lorry for transport within Europe, you must ensure that you comply with all of the
requirements as outlined in the ADR 2017 manual. This is effectively the European Agreement
Distributors that governs the shipping of lithium batteries
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by road / ground (and indeed that of any dangerous goods).
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ADR Packaging Requirements:
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The following table gives an overview of the packaging requirements as set out by the ADR
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The following table provides the requirements from a transport / operational perspective
> Basic Trained Driver > ADR Trained and Licensed Driver
> Transport document > Placarded and marked vehicle
> Basic Trained Driver
> Specified max small quantity per > Specified additional number of fire extinguishers
> Transport document
transport vehicle & safety equipment
> Carry Unlimited > 8t placarded vehicle
> 1 x 2kg powder fire extinguisher > Handling and Stowage / filling tank requirements
> 1 x 2kg powder fire extinguisher
> Handling and stowage requirements & Supervision
> Handling and stowage requirements
> Any suitable vehicle can carry > Approved vehicle construction type
> Any suitable vehicle can carry
> Supervision where specified > DG Documentation carried on vehicle +
> Any torch non sparking Instructions in writing
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When transporting lithium-ion batteries via air, the Dangerous Good Regulations (DGR) must be reviewed and met. These regulations are
governed by the International Air Transport Association (IATA) and the International Civil
Distributors SheetAviation Organization (ICAO).
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Lithium Ion Batteries Lithium Ion Batteries (limited Lithium Ion Batteries
Contained in Equipment to a maximum of 30% SoC) Packed With Equipment
Cells >20 Wh; and Cells ≤20 Wh; and Cells > 20 Wh; and Cells ≤ 20 Wh; and Cells ≤20 Wh; and Cells > 20 Wh; and Cells ≤ 20 Wh; and
Batteries > 100 Batteries ≤100 Wh Batteries > 100 Wh Batteries ≤100 Wh Batteries ≤100 Wh Batteries > 100Wh Batteries ≤100 Wh
Wh
UN3481 UN3480 UN3480 UN3480 UN3481 UN3481
UN3481 PI 967 Section II PI 965 PI 965 PI: 965 PI 966 PI 966
PI 967 Section I *IMP: ELI Section IA Section IB Section II Section I Section II
IMP: RLI IMP: RBI IMP: RBI IMP: ELI IMP: RLI IMP: ELI
Limit per package:
Limit per package: Pax A/C = 5 kg Limit per package: NOTE: Use “IB” if package (not more than 1 Limit per package: Limit per package:
exceeds Section II Limits
Pax A/C = 5 kg CAO = 5 kg Pax A/C = Forbidden or more than 1 package. package) Pax A/C = 5 kg Pax A/C = 5 kg
CAO = 35 kg CAO = 35 kg CAO = 35 kg CAO = 5 kg
Limit per package: Limit per package:
Pax A/C = Forbidden ≤ 2.7 Wh = 2.5kg; or
CAO = 10 kg cells > 2.7 Wh ≤ 20Wh
= 8 cells; or
batteries > 2.7 Wh
≤ 100 Wh = 2
batteries
Pax A/C = Forbidden
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When transporting lithium-ion batteries via air, the Dangerous Good Regulations (DGR) must be reviewed and met. These regulations are
governed by the International Air Transport Association (IATA) and the International Civil
Distributors SheetAviation Organization (ICAO).
material
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Lithium Metal Batteries Lithium Metal Batteries Lithium Metal Batteries
Contained in Equipment Packed With Equipment
Cells >1 g; and Cells ≤ 1 g; and Cells >1 g; and Cells ≤ 1 g; and Cells ≤1 g; and Cells >1 g; and Cells ≤ 1 g; and
Batteries > 2 g Batteries ≤ 2 g Batteries > 2 g Batteries ≤ 2 g Batteries ≤ 2 g Batteries > 2 g Batteries ≤ 2 g
Limit per package: Limit per package: Limit per package: NOTE: “IB” must be used if Limit per package: Limit per package: Limit per package:
package exceeds Section
Pax A/C = 5 kg Pax A/C = 5 kg Pax A/C = Forbidden II limits and more than (not more than 1 Pax A/C = 5 kg Pax A/C = 5 kg
1 package
CAO = 35 kg CAO = 5 kg CAO = 35 kg package) CAO = 35 kg CAO = 5 kg
Lithium metal content
Limit per package:
≤ 0.3g = 2.5 kg; or
Pax A/C = forbidden
cells > 0.3 g ≤ 1 g
CAO = 2.5 kg
= 8 cells; or
batteries > 0.3 g ≤ 2 g
= 2 batteries
Forbidden on PAX
aircraft
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