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    Lesson Set 9 Inheritance and Polymorphism: Purpose

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    absar ahmed
    This document provides instructions for a lab on inheritance and polymorphism in Java. The lab has students complete several tasks involving creating subclasses that extend an abstract Dog class and override methods like speak(). The tasks are meant to demonstrate inheritance and polymorphism. Students are instructed to create subclasses for Labrador and Yorkshire dogs that inherit properties from the Dog class. They then create a test class to instantiate objects from each subclass and call their overridden speak() methods to output different sounds depending on the type of dog. Errors are introduced that students must debug.

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    Lesson Set 9 Inheritance and Polymorphism: Purpose

    Uploaded by

    absar ahmed
    67 views9 pages
    This document provides instructions for a lab on inheritance and polymorphism in Java. The lab has students complete several tasks involving creating subclasses that extend an abstract Dog class and override methods like speak(). The tasks are meant to demonstrate inheritance and polymorphism. Students are instructed to create subclasses for Labrador and Yorkshire dogs that inherit properties from the Dog class. They then create a test class to instantiate objects from each subclass and call their overridden speak() methods to output different sounds depending on the type of dog. Errors are introduced that students must debug.

    Original Description:

    Lab 9

    Original Title

    Lab 9

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    This document provides instructions for a lab on inheritance and polymorphism in Java. The lab has students complete several tasks involving creating subclasses that extend an abstract Dog class and override methods like speak(). The tasks are meant to demonstrate inheritance and polymorphism. Students are instructed to create subclasses for Labrador and Yorkshire dogs that inherit properties from the Dog class. They then create a test class to instantiate objects from each subclass and call their overridden speak() methods to output different sounds depending on the type of dog. Errors are introduced that students must debug.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    67 views9 pages

    Lesson Set 9 Inheritance and Polymorphism: Purpose

    Uploaded by

    absar ahmed
    This document provides instructions for a lab on inheritance and polymorphism in Java. The lab has students complete several tasks involving creating subclasses that extend an abstract Dog class and override methods like speak(). The tasks are meant to demonstrate inheritance and polymorphism. Students are instructed to create subclasses for Labrador and Yorkshire dogs that inherit properties from the Dog class. They then create a test class to instantiate objects from each subclass and call their overridden speak() methods to output different sounds depending on the type of dog. Errors are introduced that students must debug.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    You are on page 1of 9

    Lesson Set Inheritance and Polymorphism

    9
    Purpose 1. Write programs that are easily extensible and modifiable by
    applying polymorphism in program design.
    2. Define reusable classes based on inheritance and abstract
    classes and abstract methods.
    3. Differentiate the abstract classes

    Procedure 1. Students should read the Pre-lab Reading Assignment


    before coming to lab.
    2. Students should complete the Pre-lab Writing Assignment
    before coming to lab.
    3. In the lab, students should complete Labs 1.1 through 1.4
    in sequence.
    4. Your instructor will give further instructions as to grading
    and completion of the lab.
    5. Students should complete the set of lab tasks before the
    next lab and get them checked by their lab instructor.

    Contents Pre-requisites Completion


    Time

    Pre-lab Reading Assignment - 10 min

    Lab 1 understanding of 30 min


    Exploring Inheritance classes and
    objects

    Lab 2 understanding of 30 min


    Overriding the equals classes and
    Method objects

    Introduction: Inheritance in Java is a mechanism in which one object acquires all the
    properties and behaviors of a parent object. It is an important part of OOPs
    (Object Oriented programming system).
    The idea behind inheritance in Java is that you can create new classes that are
    built upon existing classes. When you inherit from an existing class, you can
    reuse methods and fields of the parent class. Moreover, you can add new methods
    and fields in your current class also.
    Inheritance represents the IS-A relationship which is also known as a parent-
    child relationship.
    Why use inheritance in java
    o For Method Overriding (so runtime polymorphism can be achieved).
    o For Code Reusability.
    Terms used in Inheritance
    o Class: A class is a group of objects which have common properties. It is
    a template or blueprint from which objects are created.
    o Sub Class/Child Class: Subclass is a class which inherits the other class.
    It is also called a derived class, extended class, or child class.
    o Super Class/Parent Class: Superclass is the class from where a subclass
    inherits the features. It is also called a base class or a parent class.
    o Reusability: As the name specifies, reusability is a mechanism which
    facilitates you to reuse the fields and methods of the existing class when
    you create a new class. You can use the same fields and methods already
    defined in the previous class.
    The syntax of Java Inheritance
    1. class Subclass-name extends Superclass-name  
    2. {  
    3.    //methods and fields  
    4. }  
    The extends keyword indicates that you are making a new class that derives from
    an existing class. The meaning of "extends" is to increase the functionality.
    In the terminology of Java, a class which is inherited is called a parent or
    superclass, and the new class is called child or subclass.

    Lab Task 1

    Create a class Dog.java and copy-paste the below code:


    //
    **********************************************
    ******************
    // Dog.java
    //
    // A class that holds a dog's name and can
    make it speak.
    //
    //
    **********************************************
    ******************
    public class Dog
    {
    protected String name;
    //
    ----------------------------------------------
    --------------
    // Constructor -- store name
    //
    ----------------------------------------------
    --------------
    public Dog(String name)
    {
    this.name = name;
    }
    //
    ----------------------------------------------
    --------------
    // Returns the dog's name
    //
    ----------------------------------------------
    --------------
    public String getName()
    {
    return name;
    }
    //
    ----------------------------------------------
    --------------
    // Returns a string with the dog's comments
    //
    ----------------------------------------------
    --------------
    public String speak()
    {
    return "Woof";
    }
    }
    Create a class Labrador.java and copy-paste the below code:

    //
    **********************************************
    ******************
    // Labrador.java
    //
    // A class derived from Dog that holds
    information about
    // a labrador retriever. Overrides Dog speak
    method and includes
    // information about avg weight for this
    breed.
    //
    //
    **********************************************
    ******************
    public class Labrador extends Dog
    {
    private String color; //black, yellow, or
    chocolate?
    private int breedWeight = 75;
    public Labrador(String name, String color)
    {
    this.color = color;
    }
    //
    ----------------------------------------------
    --------------
    // Big bark -- overrides speak method in Dog
    //
    ----------------------------------------------
    --------------
    public String speak()
    {
    return "WOOF";
    }
    //
    ----------------------------------------------
    --------------
    // Returns weight
    //
    ----------------------------------------------
    --------------
    public static int avgBreedWeight()
    {
    return breedWeight;
    }
    }
    Create a class Yorkshire.java and copy-paste the below code:

    //
    **********************************************
    ******************
    // Yorkshire.java
    //
    // A class derived from Dog that holds
    information about
    // a Yorkshire terrier. Overrides Dog speak
    method.
    //
    //
    **********************************************
    ******************
    public class Yorkshire extends Dog
    {
    public Yorkshire(String name)
    {
    super(name);
    }
    //
    ----------------------------------------------
    --------------
    // Small bark -- overrides speak method in
    Dog
    //
    ----------------------------------------------
    --------------
    public String speak()
    {
    return "woof";
    }
    }

    Create a class DogTest..java and copy-paste the below code:

    //
    **********************************************
    ******************
    // DogTest.java
    //
    // A simple test class that creates a Dog and
    makes it speak.
    //
    //
    **********************************************
    ******************
    public class DogTest
    {
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
    Dog dog = new Dog("Spike");
    System.out.println(dog.getName() + " says " +
    dog.speak());
    }
    }

    File Dog.java contains a declaration for a Dog class. Save this file to your directory and study it—notice
    what instance variables and methods are provided. Files Labrador.java and Yorkshire.java contain
    declarations for classes that extend Dog. Save and study these files as well.

    File DogTest.java contains a simple driver program that creates a dog and makes it speak. Study
    DogTest.java, save it to your directory, and compile and run it to see what it does. Now modify these files
    as follows:

    1. Add statements in DogTest.java after you create and print the dog to create and print a Yorkshire
    and a Labrador. Note that the Labrador constructor takes two parameters: the name and color of
    the Labrador, both strings. Don't change any files besides DogTest.java. Now recompile
    DogTest.java; you should get an error saying something like

    ./Labrador.java:18: Dog(java.lang.String) in Dog cannot be applied to () { ^ 1 error

    If you look at line 18 of Labrador.java it's just a {, and the constructor the compiler can't find
    (Dog()) isn't called anywhere in this file.
    a. What's going on? (Hint: What call must be made in the constructor of a subclass?) =>
    b. Fix the problem (which really is in Labrador) so that DogTest.java creates and makes
    the Dog, Labrador, and Yorkshire all speak.

    2. Add code to DogTest.java to print the average breed weight for both your Labrador and your
    Yorkshire. Use the avgBreedWeight() method for both. What error do you get? Why?

    Fix the problem by adding the needed code to the Yorkshire class.

    Save these changes and recompile DogTest.java. You should get an error in Dog.java (unless you made
    more changes than described above). Figure out what's wrong and fix this error, then recompile
    DogTest.java. You should get another error, this time in DogTest.java. Read the error message carefully; it
    tells you exactly what the problem is. Fix this by changing DogTest (which will mean taking some things
    out).
    Your code and output here.

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