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    How A Tsunami Happens

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    Varel Arjuna
    A tsunami is generated when large amounts of water in the ocean are rapidly displaced by seismic activity such as earthquakes or volcanic eruptions. This causes the seafloor to rise and fall, disrupting the balance of sea water. The displaced water then forms long waves that travel outward in all directions. When the waves reach shorelines, they can cause devastating flooding and damage, especially in areas with shallow coastal waters. Tsunamis are most commonly caused by earthquakes located near or under oceans, but can also be triggered by underwater landslides or volcanic eruptions.

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    How A Tsunami Happens

    Uploaded by

    Varel Arjuna
    26 views2 pages
    A tsunami is generated when large amounts of water in the ocean are rapidly displaced by seismic activity such as earthquakes or volcanic eruptions. This causes the seafloor to rise and fall, disrupting the balance of sea water. The displaced water then forms long waves that travel outward in all directions. When the waves reach shorelines, they can cause devastating flooding and damage, especially in areas with shallow coastal waters. Tsunamis are most commonly caused by earthquakes located near or under oceans, but can also be triggered by underwater landslides or volcanic eruptions.

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    A tsunami is generated when large amounts of water in the ocean are rapidly displaced by seismic activity such as earthquakes or volcanic eruptions. This causes the seafloor to rise and fall, disrupting the balance of sea water. The displaced water then forms long waves that travel outward in all directions. When the waves reach shorelines, they can cause devastating flooding and damage, especially in areas with shallow coastal waters. Tsunamis are most commonly caused by earthquakes located near or under oceans, but can also be triggered by underwater landslides or volcanic eruptions.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    26 views2 pages

    How A Tsunami Happens

    Uploaded by

    Varel Arjuna
    A tsunami is generated when large amounts of water in the ocean are rapidly displaced by seismic activity such as earthquakes or volcanic eruptions. This causes the seafloor to rise and fall, disrupting the balance of sea water. The displaced water then forms long waves that travel outward in all directions. When the waves reach shorelines, they can cause devastating flooding and damage, especially in areas with shallow coastal waters. Tsunamis are most commonly caused by earthquakes located near or under oceans, but can also be triggered by underwater landslides or volcanic eruptions.

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    How A Tsunami Happens

    In Indonesia we are very familiar with the word "Tsunami". A tsunami is a series of
    waves generated when water in a lake or ocean is rapidly displaced on a large scale.
    The term “tsunami” comes from Japanese which means harbor (“tsu”) and wave
    (“nami”).
    This natural disaster has claimed thousands of lives in Banda Aceh a few years ago.
    Indonesia mourns, the world mourns. Then, how can a Tsunami happen?

    The formation of a tsunami occurs when the seafloor rises and falls along a fault during
    an earthquake. The fault causes disruption of the balance of sea water. A large fault will
    produce a large wave power as well. Moments after the earthquake, the water receded.

    After receding, the sea water returns to the mainland in the form of large waves. In
    addition, the formation of a tsunami was also caused by the eruption of Mount Merapi at
    the bottom of the ocean. The eruption caused high movement of sea water or the
    surrounding waters. The bigger the tsunami, the greater the flooding or damage that
    occurs when it hits the coast.

    The speed of tsunami waves is greater than normal waves in general, which can travel
    up to 700 km/h, almost equivalent to the speed of an airplane. This speed will decrease
    as the tsunami waves enter the shallow sea, but the wave height will increase.

    Tsunami waves are generally 50 to 100 meters high and spread in all directions. In
    addition, the height of the tsunami wave is also influenced by the shape of the beach
    and its depth. Earthquakes on the ocean floor have the potential to create tsunamis that
    are dangerous for humans.

    Tsunamis always bring great damage. Most of the damage was caused by the large
    mass of water behind the initial wave surface, as sea levels continued to rise rapidly
    and inundate coastal areas vigorously. We must always be vigilant and prepare for this
    disaster. However, we don't need to worry too much because not all tsunamis form big
    waves. In addition, not all volcanic eruptions or earthquakes that occur are followed by
    tsunamis.
    Bagaimana Terjadinya Tsunami
    Di Indonesia kita sangat familiar dengan kata “Tsunami”. Tsunami adalah serangkaian
    gelombang yang dihasilkan saat air di danau atau laut dengan cepat terlantar dalam
    skala besar. Istilah “tsunami” berasal dari bahasa Jepang yang berarti pelabuhan (“tsu”)
    dan gelombang (“nami”).
    Bencana alam ini pernah merenggut ribuan nyawa di Banda Aceh beberapa tahun lalu.
    Indonesia berduka, dunia berduka. Lalu, bagaimana Tsunami bisa terjadi?

    Pembentukan tsunami terjadi saat dasar laut permukaannya naik turun di sepanjang
    patahan selama gempa berlangsung. Patahan tersebut mengakibatkan terganggunya
    keseimbangan air laut. Patahan yang besar akan menghasilkan tenaga gelombang
    yang besar pula. Beberapa saat setelah terjadi gempa, air lalu surut.
    Setelah surut, air laut kembali ke arah daratan dalam bentuk gelombang besar. Selain
    itu, pembentukan tsunami juga disebabkan oleh letusan gunung merapi di dasar lautan.
    Letusan tersebut menyebabkan tingginya pergerakan air laut atau perairan disekitarnya.
    Semakin besar tsunami, makin besar pula banjir atau kerusakan yang terjadi saat
    menghantam pantai.
    Kecepatan gelombang tsunami lebih besar dari gelombang normal pada umumnya,
    yakni dapat melaju hingga 700 Km/Jam, hampir setara dengan laju pesawat terbang.
    Kecepatan tersebut akan menurun saat gelombang tsunami memasuki lautan dangkal,
    tetapi tinggi gelombang justru semakin bertambah.
    Tinggi gelombang tsunami umumnya 50 sampai 100 meter dan menyebar ke segala
    arah. Selain itu, ketinggian gelombang tsunami dipengaruhi juga oleh bentuk pantai dan
    kedalamannya. Gempa bumi di dasar lautan sangat berpotensi untuk menciptakan
    tsunami yang berbahaya bagi manusia.

    Tsunami selalu membawa kerusakan besar. Sebagian besar kerusakan disebabkan


    oleh banyaknya massa air di belakang permukaan gelombang awal, karena tinggi laut
    terus meningkat dengan cepat dan membanjiri daerah pesisir dengan kuat. Kita harus
    selalu waspada dan mempersiapkan diri menghadapi bencana ini. Namun, kita tidak
    perlu terlalu khawatir karena tidak semua tsunami membentuk gelombang besar. Selain
    itu, tidak semua letusan gunung merapi atau gempa yang terjadi diikuti dengan tsunami.

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