Wilson Series 600 Rockwell Hardness Testers: M30-20600-1 Issue A August 1995

M30-20600-1
Issue A August 1995
Wilson
Series 600
Rockwell Hardness Testers
Operator’s Guide
Preliminary Pages
Amendment Incorporation Record
Person
Amendment
Brief Description of Content ECR No. Incorporating
No.
Amendment
10
iii
Preliminary Pages M30-20600-1
Amendment Incorporation Record
Person
Amendment
Brief Description Of Content ECR No. Incorporating
No.
Amendment
11
12
13
14
15
Revision Record
Revision ECR No.
iv
Preliminary Pages
General Safety Precautions

Materials testing systems are potentially hazardous.
Materials testing involves inherent hazards from high
forces, rapid motions and stored energy. You must be
aware of all moving and operating components which are
potentially hazardous, particularly the indenter.
Carefully read all relevant manuals and observe all Warn-
ings and Cautions. The term Warning is used where a haz-
ard may lead to injury or death. The term Caution is used
where a hazard may lead to damage to equipment or to
loss of data.
Ensure that the test set-up and the actual test you will be
using on materials, assemblies or structures constitutes no
hazard to yourself or others.
The following pages detail various general warnings that
you must heed at all times while using materials testing
equipment. You will find more specific Warnings and Cau-
tions in the text whenever a potential hazard exists.
Your best safety precautions are to gain a thorough under-
standing of the equipment by reading your instruction
manuals and to always use good judgment.
v
Warning
Disconnect the electrical power supply
before removing the covers to electrical
equipment.
Disconnect equipment from the electrical power supply
before removing any electrical safety covers or replacing
fuses. Do not reconnect the power source while the covers
are removed. Refit covers as soon as possible.
Disconnect power supplies before

removing the covers to rotating machinery.
Disconnect equipment from all power supplies before re-
moving any cover which gives access to rotating machin-
ery. Do not reconnect any power supply while the covers
are removed unless you are specifically instructed to do
so in the manual. If the equipment needs to be operated to
perform maintenance tasks with the covers removed, en-
sure that all loose clothing, long hair, etc. is tied back. Re-
fit covers as soon as possible.
Shut down the hydraulic power supply and

discharge hydraulic pressure before
disconnection of any hydraulic fluid
coupling.
Do not disconnect any hydraulic coupling without first
shutting down the hydraulic power supply and discharg-
ing stored pressure to zero. Tie down or otherwise secure
all pressurized hoses to prevent movement during system
operation and to prevent the hose from whipping about in
the event of a rupture.
vi
Preliminary Pages
Warning
Shut off the supply of compressed gas and
discharge residual gas pressure before you
disconnect any compressed gas coupling.
Do not release gas connections without first disconnecting
the gas supply and discharging any residual pressure to
zero.
Use protective shields or screens if any
possibility exists of a hazard from the failure
of a specimen, assembly or structure under
test.
Use protective shields whenever a risk of injury to operators
and observers exists from the failure of a test specimen, as-
sembly or structure, particularly where explosive disintegra-
tion may occur. Due to the wide range of specimen
materials, assemblies or structures that may be tested, any
hazard resulting from the failure of a test specimen, assem-
bly or structure is entirely the responsibility of the owner
and the user of the equipment.
Protect electrical cables from damage
and inadvertent disconnection.
The loss of controlling and feedback signals that can re-
sult from a disconnected or damaged cable causes an open
loop condition which may drive the indenter or elevating
screw rapidly to its extremes of motion. Protect all electri-
cal cables, particularly transducer cables, from damage.
Never route cables across the floor without protection, nor
suspend cables overhead under excessive strain. Use pad-
ding to avoid chafing where cables are routed around cor-
ners or through wall openings.
vii
Warning
Wear protective clothing when handling
equipment at extremes of temperature.
Materials testing is often carried out at non-ambient tem-
peratures using ovens, furnaces or cryogenic chambers.
Extreme temperature means an operating temperature ex-
ceeding 60 °C (140 °F) or below 0 °C (32 °F). You must
use protective clothing, such as gloves, when handling
equipment at these temperatures. Display a warning no-
tice concerning low or high temperature operation when-
ever temperature control equipment is in use. You should
note that the hazard from extreme temperature can extend
beyond the immediate area of the test.
Take care when installing or removing a

specimen, assembly or structure.
Installation or removal of a specimen, assembly or struc-
ture involves working inside the hazard area between the
grips or fixtures. Keep clear of the jaws of a grip or fix-
ture at all times. Keep clear of the hazard area between
the grips or fixtures during elevating screw and indenter
movement. Ensure that all elevating screw and indenter
movements necessary for installation or removal are slow
and, where possible, at a low force setting.
viii
Preliminary Pages
Warning
Do not place a testing system off-line from
computer control without first ensuring that
no elevating screw and indenter
movement will occur upon transfer to
manual control.
The elevating screw and indenter will immediately re-
spond to manual control settings when the system is
placed off-line from computer control. Before transferring
to manual control, make sure that the control settings are
such that unexpected elevating screw and indenter move-
ment cannot occur.
Keep clear of the operating envelope of a

robotic device unless the device is
de-activated.
The robot in an automated testing system presents a haz-
ard because its movements are hard to predict. The robot
can go instantly from a waiting state to high speed opera-
tion in several axes of motion. During system operation,
keep away from the operating envelope of the robot. De-
activate the robot before entering the envelope for any pur-
pose, such as reloading the specimen magazine.
ix
Table of Contents
Chapter Page
1 Introduction 1-1
Outline 1-1
Purpose 1-2
About this Manual 1-2
About the Tester 1-2
Features 1-3
Models 1-3
Rockwell Test 1-5
Description 1-7
Base 1-10
Series 640 1-10
Series 650 1-10
Column 1-10
Head 1-11
Elevating Screw 1-11
Functional Description 1-12
x
Preliminary Pages
Table of Contents (continued)
Chapter Page
2 Specifications 2-1
Outline 2-1
Dimensions 2-2
Weight 2-3
Loads 2-4
Standards and Time Parameters 2-5
Standards 2-5
Time Parameters 2-5
Electrical 2-6
Environmental 2-7
Computer Interface 2-8
RS232 Pin Outs (DB9 Male) 2-8
RS232 Port Parameters 2-8
RS485 Port Parameters 2-9
3 Installation 3-1
Outline 3-1
Unpacking 3-2
Lifting and Handling 3-4
Checklist 3-4
Procedure 3-5
xi
Chapter Page
3 Installation (continued)
Siting 3-7
Requirements 3-7
Leveling 3-7
Equipment 3-8
Procedure 3-8
Installing the Weights 3-9
Checklist 3-9
Equipment 3-9
Procedure 3-9
Setting Power 3-12
Equipment 3-12
Checklist 3-12
Procedure 3-13
Connecting Cables 3-16
4 Function of Controls 4-1

Outline 4-1
Power 4-2
Total Load Selector 4-3
xii
Preliminary Pages
Chapter Page
4 Function of Controls (continued)

Manual Elevating Screw 4-4
Raise and Lower 4-4
Applying Preliminary Load 4-5
Errors 4-5
Automatic Elevating Screw 4-6
Preliminary Load Selector 4-8
Control Panel 4-9
Keys 4-9
Menus 4-11
Moving within the Menu Lines 4-11
Executing a Menu Item 4-12
Test Modes 4-13
Quick Test 4-13
Test Program 4-13
5 Screens and Menus 5-1

Outline 5-1
Structure 5-2
xiii
Chapter Page
5 Screens and Menus (continued)

Status Display Screen 5-3
Access 5-3
Function 5-3
Test Operation Screen 5-4
Access 5-4
Function 5-4
Screen Contents 5-4
Sample Screens 5-6
Statistics Menu 5-7
Access 5-7
Function 5-7
Format 1 5-8
Format 2 5-9
Format 3 5-10
Format 4 5-10
Delete 5-11
xiv
Preliminary Pages
Chapter Page

Code Setting Screen 5-12
Access 5-12
Function 5-12
Modifying 5-12
Default Code 5-13
Test Program Menu 5-14
Access 5-14
Function 5-14
Parameter Display Screen 5-15
Access 5-15
Function 5-15
Parameters Setup Menu 5-16
Access 5-16
Function 5-16
Menu Security 5-16
5 Screens and Menus
xv
Chapter Page

Procedure Menu 5-18
Access 5-18
Function 5-18
Standard 5-19
Plastic 5-20
Custom 5-20
Conversion Function 5-21
Access 5-21
Function 5-21
Converting a Test Result 5-21
Conversion During a Test 5-22
Times Menu 5-23
Access 5-23
Function 5-23
Editing Times 5-24
xvi
Preliminary Pages
Chapter Page

Tolerance Screen 5-25
Access 5-25
Function 5-25
Target Value 5-25
Lower Tolerance Limit 5-26
Upper Tolerance Limit 5-26
Editing a Tolerance 5-26
Cylindrical Correction Screen 5-27
Access 5-27
Function 5-27
Editing a Correction Factor 5-27
Delete Screen 5-29
Access 5-29
Function 5-29
Configuration Menu 5-30
Access 5-30
Function 5-30
xvii
Chapter Page
Date and Time Menu 5-31

Access 5-31
Function 5-31
Changing Date or Time 5-31
Language Menu 5-32
Access 5-32
Function 5-32
Selecting a Language 5-32
Servc. Cal Screen 5-33
Cal Parameters Screen 5-34
Access 5-34
Function 5-34
Service Screen 5-35
Access 5-35
Function 5-35
xviii
Preliminary Pages
Chapter Page
6 Communications 6-1
Outline 6-1
Printer Mode 6-2
Print Individual Results and Statistics 6-2
Automatically Print Test Results 6-2
Printer Output Examples 6-3
PC Mode 6-7
7 Preparation for Use 7-1

Outline 7-1
Powering On and OFF 7-2
Power On 7-2
Power Off 7-2
Selecting a Rockwell Scale 7-4
Factors to Consider 7-4
Type of Material 7-5
Thickness of Specimen 7-6
Scale Limitations 7-6
Width of Test Area 7-7
xix
Chapter Page
6 Communications (continued)
Selecting and Installing an Indenter 7-9
Selecting 7-9
Brale 7-10
Steel Ball 7-11
Installing 7-11
Selecting and Installing Anvils 7-13
Selecting 7-13
Pedestal 7-14
Plane 7-14
Standard V 7-14
Shallow V 7-14
Installing an Anvil 7-15
8 Operation 8-1
Outline 8-1
Running a Quick Test 8-2
Checklist 8-2
Procedure 8-2
xx
Preliminary Pages
Chapter Page
8 Operation (continued)
Programming a Test 8-4
Checklist 8-4
Procedure 8-4
Running a Programmed Test 8-7
Checklist 8-7
Procedure 8-7
9 Maintenance 9-1
Outline 9-1
Checklist 9-2
Cleaning and Lubricating 9-3
Cleaning 9-3
Lubricating the Elevating Screw 9-4
Equipment 9-4
Checklist 9-4
Procedure 9-5
Replacing a Fuse 9-7
Equipment 9-7
Checklist 9-7
Procedure 9-8
xxi
Chapter Page
9 Maintenance (continued)
Care of indenters 9-10
Brale Diamond 9-10
Ball Indenters 9-11
Test Block Verification 9-12
Test Blocks 9-12
Scales 9-12
Test 9-13
Results 9-13
Test Failure 9-13
Troubleshooting 9-14
10 Illustrated Parts 10-1

Outline 10-1
Finding a Part 10-2
Identifying 10-2
Ordering 10-2
Tester 10-3
xxii
Preliminary Pages
Chapter Page
Appendix A-1
Outline A-1
Conversion Tables A-2
Cylindrical Corrections A-7
Minimum Thickness Chart A-9
xxiii
List of Illustrations
Figure Page
1-1 Series 600 Hardness Tester 1-2
1-2 Test Concept 1-5
1-3 Series 640 (Front View) 1-7
1-4 Series 650 (Front View) 1-8
1-5 Common Components (Rear View) 1-9
1-6 Tester (Simplified) 1-12
1-7 Test Sequence (Simplified) 1-13
2-1 Dimensions 2-2
3-1 Removing Shipping Material 3-3
3-2 Lifting Bar 3-5
3-3 Lifting the Tester 3-6
3-4 Leveling the Tester 3-8
3-5 Installing the Weights 3-10
3-6 Hanging the Weight Stack 3-11
3-7 Power Connector 3-13
xxiv
Preliminary Pages
List of Illustrations (continued)
Figure Page
3-8 Prying Out the Fuse Holder 3-13
3-9 Removing the Fuse Holder 3-14
3-10 Removing the Voltage Selector 3-14
3-11 Voltage Selector 3-15
3-12 Rear Panel (650) 3-16
4-1 Power Switch 4-2
4-2 Total Load Selector 4-3
4-3 Manual Elevating Screw, Series 640 4-4
4-4 Applying (left), Exceeding (right) 4-5
4-5 Automatic Control Panel, Series 650 4-6
4-6 Superficial Setting (left) Regular (right) 4-8
4-7 Control Panel 4-9
4-8 Menu Format 4-11
5-1 Menu and Screen Structure 5-2
5-2 Status Display Screen 5-3
xxv
Figure Page
5-3 Test Operation Screen 5-4
5-4 Test Operation Screen (examples) 5-6
5-5 Statistics Menu 5-7
5-6 Statistics Format 1 5-8
5-10 Code Setting Screen 5-12
5-11 Test Program Menu 5-14
5-12 Parameter Display Screen 5-15
5-13 Parameters Setup Menu 5-16
5-14 Procedure Menu 5-18
5-15 Converted Hardness Value 5-22
5-16 Times Menu 5-23
5-17 Tolerance Menu 5-25
xxvi
Preliminary Pages
Figure Page
5-18 Correction 5-27
5-19 Configuration Menu 5-30
5-20 Date and Time Menu 5-31
5-21 Language Screen 5-32
5-22 ServcCal Screen 5-33
5-23 Cal Parameters Screen 5-34
5-24 Service Screen 5-35
7-1 Cylindrical Specimens. 7-8
7-2 Installing an Indenter 7-12
7-3 Anvils 7-13
7-4 Installing an Anvil 7-15
9-1 Cleaning 9-4
9-2 Removing the Protective Sleeve 9-5
9-3 Pry Out the Fuse Holder 9-8
9-4 Remove Fuse 9-8
xxvii
Figure Page
9-5 Brale (left), Ball (center, right) 9-10
10-1 Replacement Parts 10-3
xxviii
Preliminary Pages
List of Tables
Table Page
2-1 Dimensions 2-2
2-2 Tester Loads 2-4
2-3 Default Parameters 2-5
5-1 Rockwell Scales 5-19
7-1 Typical Scale Application 7-5
7-2 Regular Scales 7-9
7-3 Superficial Scales 7-10
9-1 Troubleshooting Guide 9-14
A-1 Conversions A-5
A-2 Conversions A-6
A-3 Cylindrical Correction Chart 53 A-8
A-4 Hardness vsMinimum Thickness Chart 55 A-10
xxix
1 2 3 CE
PRINT PAR STAT H
HRC 6
4 5
H
=67.8
CODE CONF
7 8 9 0
Ready for Test

ON
NUM ESC ENTER
OFF
15
30
UP START
DOWN
STOP
Series 600 Rockwell Hardness Tester
xxx
Chapter 1
Introduction
Introduction
Outline
• Purpose. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 1-2
• Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 1-7
• Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 1-12
This chapter introduces you to the Wilson Series 600

Rockwell Hardness Tester and describes the tester
components and how they function.
1-1
Purpose M30-20600-1
Purpose
About this Manual
This manual provides you, the operator, with basic
information for the Series 600 Rockwell Hardness Testers.
It contains component descriptions, specifications,
installation procedures, functional and operational details,
maintenance procedures and replaceable parts information.
About the Tester
The Wilson Series 600 Rockwell Hardness Tester is an
electromechanical instrument for determining the
hardness of metals, alloys and plastics. Figure 1-1
illustrates the tester.
The tester uses the Rockwell hardness test principle.
This test requires the tester to make a small shallow
indent on the specimen surface.
1 2 3 CE
PRINT PAR STAT H
HRC 6
4 5
H
=67.8
CODE CONF
7 8 9 0
Ready for Test

ON
NUM ESC ENTER
OFF
15
30
UP START
DOWN
STOP
Figure 1-1. Series 600 Hardness Tester
1-2
Purpose
Features
Introduction
The tester provides you with the ability to:
• specify test parameters
• perform a test
• display results
• convert results to equivalent hardness scales
• display results in summary statistical formats
• print results and statistics on an optional printer
Models
The various models of the Series 600 testers are
characterized by the following:
• Elevating Screw Drive Method
• Vertical Capacity
• Test Scales
The Series 600 includes two basic tester models, the 640
and the 650. The Model 640 has a manual elevating
screw while a Model 650 has an automatic elevating
screw.
The third digit in a model number represents the vertical
capacity of the tester. For example, a model 643 has a
vertical capacity of 178 mm (7 in.). Refer to page 2-2
for specific capacities.
The Rockwell Hardness scales the tester supports are
designated by the suffix letter. For example, a model
643R performs a regular Rockwell test.
1-3
Purpose M30-20600-1
The following details the test type, suffix designation

and scales each type of tester supports:
Type Suffix Scales
Regular R A B C D E F G
H K L M P R S V
Superficial S 15N 30N 45N

15T 30T 45T
15W 30W 45W
15X 30X 45X
15Y 30Y 45Y
Twin T A B C D E F G
H K L M P R S V
15N 30N 45N
15T 30T 45T
15W 30W 45W
15X 30X 45X
15Y 30Y 45Y
Carbide C A (with special Brale indenter)

A B C D E F G
H K L M P R S V
1-4
Purpose
Rockwell Test
Introduction
The Rockwell hardness test measures the resistance of
material to permanent indentation. Figure 1-2 illustrates
a conceptual view of the Rockwell test.
At the beginning of the test, the tester applies a
preliminary load to the specimen surface. This force
seats an indenter in the specimen and establishes a
reference point which a displacement transducer
measures. Because the preliminary load penetrates the
specimen, surface finish or irregularities do not affect
the test.
Next, the tester applies the additional load. This larger
force penetrates deeper into the specimen. The tester
then removes the additional load while still applying the
preliminary load. At this point, the tester measures the
depth of the indent relative to the established reference
point.
INDENTER
Indenter
depth from Indenter
preliminary load force depth from
additional load force
Linear measurement that

forms the basis of Rockwell
hardness tester readings
Specimen
Figure 1-2. Test Concept
1-5
Purpose M30-20600-1
The linear depth measurement, is the basis for the

Rockwell hardness number. A high number represents a
shallow indent which indicates a harder material.
Conversely, a low number represents a deep indention which
indicates a softer material.
1-6
Description
Description
Introduction
Figures 1-3, 1-4 and 1-5 illustrate the tester components.
The tester’s main structure is a one piece, C-shaped
casting. The primary parts of the tester are the base,
column, head and elevating screw.
DISPLACEMENT
TRANSDUCER
CONTROL
HEAD PANEL
PRELIMINARY
LOAD
SELECTOR
INDENTER
COLUMN
ANVIL
PROTECTION
SLEEVE
BASE MANUAL
ELEVATING SCREW
ASSEMBLY
WEIGHT SELECTOR
ASSEMBLY
Figure 1-3. Series 640 (Front View)
1-7
Description M30-20600-1
AUTOMATIC
SCREW DRIVE
ASSEMBLY
ELEVATING SCREW
BRAKE CONTROL PANEL
ELEVATING
SCREW MOTOR
Figure 1-4. Series 650 (Front View)
1-8
Description
Introduction
CPU
BOARD
POWER
LEVER
PLUNGER
ASSEMBLY
WEIGHT
SPECIMEN STACK
ANVIL
TRIP ASSEMBLY
TOTAL LOAD
SELECTOR
ELECTRICAL POWER
SUPPLY
Figure 1-5. Common Components (Rear View)
1-9
Description M30-20600-1
Base
Series 640
The rectangular base contains an electrical power supply
and an elevating screw assembly.
The power supply is fixed to the bottom plate in the rear
of the base. Wires from the power supply connect to the
rear panel assembly on the back of the column.
A capstan, towards the front of the base, supports the
elevating screw. The top of the screw extends from the
base to below the indenter. The bottom of the screw
extends through a circular hole in the bottom plate.
Series 650
In addition to the base components of the Model 640,
the Model 650 base has an automatic elevating screw
assembly. The assembly includes a control panel and an
electrical motor. The control panel is on the front of the
base and includes push-button controls. Inside the base,
a belt couples the motor to the elevating screw drive
assembly.
Column
A weight stack, comprised of a series of cylindrical
weights suspended on interconnected telescoping rods,
extends the length of the column. The last weight sits
above the weight selecting assembly. When you raise or
lower the weight selecting assembly, the telescoping
action permits the you to incrementally select the
combination of weights that comprise the total load
force.
1-10
Description
Head
Introduction
A control panel, plunger assembly, displacement
transducer, Preliminary Load Selector and power lever
comprise the head’s primary components.
The digital control panel is on the front of the head. The
panel includes a keypad of touch sensitive membrane
switches and a backlit LCD display.
The cylindrical spring-loaded plunger assembly is
mounted above the elevating screw. The bottom of the
assembly has an interchangeable indenter fitted in a
small vertical cylinder. The top extends up into the head
where it contacts an electronic displacement transducer.
Twin type testers have a rotating Preliminary Load
Selector coupled to the plunger assembly.
Enclosed in the head cowl, the power lever assembly
extends horizontally the length of the head. One end
supports the weights, the other rests on a knife edge
pivot.
Elevating Screw
The elevating screw extends from the top of the base to
below the indenter. A collapsible protective sleeve
covers the length of the exposed screw. The screw has a
machined central bushing into which you install various
hardened anvils.
A grooved belt couples the elevating screw to a brake
assembly. The mechanical brake prevents any further
movement of the capstan nut once the the correct
standard preliminary load is applied.
1-11
Functional Description M30-20600-1
Functional Description
Figures 1-6 and 1-7 illustrate simplified views of a
Rockwell hardness tester and the test sequence.
DISPLACEMENT
TRANSDUCER POWER
LEVER
PIVOT
PRELIMINARY
LOAD
SPRING
INDENTER
SPECIMEN
ANVIL
ELEVATING WEIGHT
TRIP
SCREW
MOTOR
Figure 1-6. Tester (Simplified)
1-12
Functional Description
Start Test
Introduction
At the start of the test, the rotating action of the capstan
nut drives the elevating screw up to the indenter. An
anvil, installed in the elevating screw bushing, supports
the specimen.
Apply Preliminary Load

When the specimen contacts the indenter, the
preliminary load spring compresses and begins to exert a
linear force on the specimen. Once the force reaches
the correct standard preliminary load, the mechanical
brake engages and prevents any further movement of
the capstan nut. As a result of the force, the indenter
slightly penetrates the specimen surface. The tester then
measures and stores the current depth of the indenter.
Apply Total Load

When the control electronics sense that the preliminary
load has been reached, the trip motor starts. As the
motor turns, the trip assembly moves down away from
the power lever causing the lever to support the weight.
The mechanical arrangement of the weight, lever and
pivoting fulcrum creates an additional load which drives
the indenter deeper into the specimen until the correct
total load is applied.
Measure Indent
The trip assembly moves up and removes the additional
load force while the preliminary load force remains on the
specimen. After allowing the specimen material to
recover for a specified period, the tester measures the
depth of the indent. The depth measurement is relative to
the initial indent the tester made while applying the
preliminary load.
End Test
At the end of the test, the brake disengages which allows
the rotating action of the capstan nut to carry the
specimen away from the indenter.
Figure 1-7. Test Sequence (Simplified)
1-13
Functional Description M30-20600-1
1-14
Chapter 2
Specifications
Specifications
Outline
• Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 2-2
• Weight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 2-3
• Loads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 2-4
• Standards and Time Parameters . . . . . . . . . Page 2-5
• Electrical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 2-6
• Environmental . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 2-7
• Computer Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 2-8
This chapter details the tester specifications.
2-1
Dimensions M30-20600-1
Dimensions
Refer to Figure 2-1 and Table 2-1 for the tester
dimensions.
1 2 3 CE
PRINT PAR STAT H
4 5 6
H
CODE CONF
7 8 9 0
ON
NUM ESC ENTER
OFF
s s
E
B 15
30
UP START
DOWN
STOP
D C
Figure 2-1. Dimensions
Table 2-1. Dimensions
Dimension Model mm (in.)
643/653 762 (30)

644/654 864 (34)
A Height
645/655 965 (38)
646/656 1067 (42)
643/653 178 (7.5)
644/654 279 (11)
B Test Space
645/655 381 (15)
646/656 483 (19)
C Width All 216 (8.5)
D Depth All 533 (21)
E Throat Depth All 216 (8.5)
2-2
Weight
Weight
Model kg (lb.)
643/653 78 (172)
644/654 82 (180)
Specifications
645/655 85 (188)
646/656 89 (196)
2-3
Loads M30-20600-1
Loads
Table 2-2 details the preliminary load and tota l load
force for each model tester.
Table 2-2. Tester Loads
Preliminary Load kgf Total Load kgf

Model
(Newtons) (Newtons)
60 (589)
640/650R 10 (98) 100 (981)
150 (1471)
15 (147)
640/650S 3 ( 29) 30 (294)
45 (441)
15 (147)
30 (294)
3 ( 29) 45 ( 441)
640/650T
10 (98) 60 (589)
100 (981)
150 (1471)
60 (589)
640/650C 10 (98) 100 (981)
150 (1471)
2-4
Standards and Time Parameters
Standards and Time Parameters

Standards
The American Society for Testing and Materials is the
organization in the United States responsible for
establishing specifications for Rockwell Hardness
Specifications
testers.
ASTM E-18 Standard Test Methods for Rockwell
Hardness of Metallic Materials is the basic standard
defining both the test and the tester. All Series 600
testers conform to the requirements of E-18.
Model 600C (carbide) testers conform in accordance to
ASTM E-18 and are calibrated to ASTM B-294 and the
Cemented Carbide Producer’s Association (CCPA).
Time Parameters
Table 2-3 details the default time parameters for the Series
600 testers.
Table 2-3. Default Parameters
Preliminary Final Load Recovery Time

Procedure
Load Time sec. Time sec. sec.
Quick Test * 0.5 2.0 2.0
Standard * 0.5 2.0 2.0
Plastic ** 0.5 15.0 15.0
Custom User defined User defined User defined
*ASTM E-130
**ASTM D-785
2-5
Electrical M30-20600-1
Electrical
Parameter Specification
Input Voltage 100, 120, 220, or 240 Va.c.

Single Phase
Fuse Rating 3 ampere
Frequency Range 47 to 63 Hz
Maximum Main +/- 10 %

Power Voltage Variation
CEE Wire Color Code Brown-high (live)

Light blue-low (neutral)
Green/yellow (ground)
Note If you are changing the voltage from 100-120 Va.c.

to 200 - 240 V a.c., add a male plug to the power
cable that matches the facility power source.
2-6
Environmental
Environmental
Parameter Specification
Operating Temperature 10 to 50o C

Range (50 to 120o F)
Specifications
Storage Temperature -40 to 66o C
Range (-40 to 151o F)
Rate of Temperature 2o C (3.6o F) per hour.

Change Changes above this
may affect system
performance.
Relative Humidity 10 to 90%

Range (non-condensing).
2-7
Computer Interface M30-20600-1
Computer Interface
RS232 Pin Outs (DB9 Male)
Pin (Identifier) Description
2 (R X D) Input which receives

data.
3 (T X D) Output which transmits

data.
5 (GND) Signal ground.
7 (RTS) Output which transmits

a request to send data
message.
8 (CTS) Input which receives

clear to send data
message.
All Other (NC) Not Connected.
RS232 Port Parameters

Data Transmission Rate: 2400 baud
Start Bit: 1
Data Bits: 8
Stop Bits: 1
Parity: none
2-8
Computer Interface
RS485 Port Parameters

Data Transmission Rate: 2400 baud
Start Bit: 1
Specifications
Data Bits: 8
Stop Bits: 1
Parity: none
2-9
Computer Interface M30-20600-1
2-10
Chapter 3
Installation
Outline
• Unpacking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 3-2
• Siting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 3-7
Installation
• Setting Power. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 3-12
• Connecting Cables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 3-16
This chapter contains procedures for installing the tester.
3-1
Unpacking M30-20600-1
Unpacking
The tester is shipped upright on a wooden pallet encased
in either a cardboard box or in a wooden crate. Handle
the tester carefully. Unpack the tester near or at its
permanent location (test site).
Unpack the tester in following sequence:
(a) Remove the shipping crate or cardboard box, but

leave the tester fastened to the pallet. Refer to
Figure 3-1.
(b) Remove the shrink wrap vapor barrier encasing the

tester. Refer to Figure 3-1.
Note Do not remove the wooden pallet until you

decide what method you will use to transport
the system to its test site. Leaving the tester on
the pallet makes it easier to move.
(c) Use a hex wrench to remove the four hex-head

bolts securing the system to the wooden pallet as
Figure 3-1 illustrates.
(d) Use the packing list to inventory all the items.

Some accessories may be in the container with the
tester or in separate packages.
(e) Keep all packing material until the system is

installed and you account for all parts, assemblies
and accessories.
3-2
Unpacking
WOODEN CRATE REMOVE

OR VAPOR
CARDBOARD BOX BARRIER
REMOVE
STAPLES
Installation
LEAVE PALLET
INTACT
REMOVE
STEEL STRAPPING LOOSEN BOLTS
REMOVE SUPPORT
BLOCKS
REMOVE
FOUR BOLTS
Figure 3-1. Removing Shipping Material
3-3
Lifting and Handling M30-20600-1
Lifting and Handling
Warning
Do not attempt to manually lift the tester by
yourself. Doing so can cause personal injury.
Always lift the tester with the aid of a mechanical lifting
device. Because the weight and size of the tester make it
difficult to handle, only persons experienced in proper
lifting and handling techniques should attempt to move the
tester.
Cautions
Do not lift the tester by the cowl or elevating
screw. Lifting by either component will damage it.
Remove the weight stack before moving the
tester.
Install the foam block between the plunger
assembly and elevating screw before moving
the tester.
Checklist
Check for the following conditions before lifting and
moving the tester:
q There are no power or computer cables connected to
the tester.
q The weight stack is not installed.
3-4
Lifting and Handling
q The wooden shipping block is installed between the

plunger assembly and elevating screw.
Procedure
Figures 3-3 and 3-2 illustrates the method for lifting the
tester.
THREADS INTO THE

STAND OFF UNDERSIDE OF THE
HEAD
Installation
THREADS INTO THE NOTCH
CAP SCREW STAND OFF
Figure 3-2. Lifting Bar

(a) Install the lifting bar as Figure 3-2 illustrates.
(b) Secure a lifting strap, rated for 2 x the weight of the

tester, to the lifting bar as Figure 3-3 illustrates.
Warning
Use extreme care when lifting the tester. The
tester is top heavy and could topple over.
3-5
Lifting and Handling M30-20600-1
Figure 3-3. Lifting the Tester

(c) Use a mechanical lifting device to slowly lift the
tester onto a bench.
(d) Lower the elevating screw and remove the lifting

bar.
Note Keep the lifting bar and stand offs. You will
need these items whenever you move the
tester.
3-6
Siting
Siting
After you unpack and transport the tester, perform the
following:
• Ensure the test site meets the specified requirements.
• Level the tester.
• Install the weights.
Requirements
Check for the following site requirements before you
install the tester:
Installation
q The table or workbench is capable of supporting the
weight of the tester and any other accessories. The
table top should be equipped with a metal top and a
4 inch diameter hole for the elevating screw to
travel through as Figure 3-4 illustrates.
q There is adequate clearance between the tester and
the wall for routine service.
q Electrical power is within 1 m (3 ft.) of the tester.
q The site meets the environmental specifications.
Refer to page 2-7.
Leveling
After you remove the tester from the shipping package,
place it on the table and install the four leveling feet in
the thread holes on the bottom of the base. Leveling the
tester ensures that the weight stack hangs correctly and
prevents the tester from rocking.
3-7
Siting M30-20600-1
Equipment
You need the following items:
• spirit level
• adjustable open-ended wrench or spanner
• flat anvil
Procedure
(a) Place a spirit level on the tester anvil as Figure 3-4
illustrates.
SPIRIT LEVEL
FLAT ANVIL
LEVELING
FOOT
SCREW
TRAVEL
Figure 3-4. Leveling the Tester
3-8
Siting
(b) Using a wrench, alternately adjust the height of

each foot while you monitor the spirit level reading.
(c) Rotate the spirit level 90o to verify that the tester is
level from side-to-side and front-to-back.
Installing the Weights
The following subsections and Figures 3-5 and 3-6
contain details for installing the weights.
Checklist
Check for the following conditions before you install the
Installation
weights:
q There are no power or computer cables connected to
the tester.
q The shipping block is removed and the elevating
screw is in its lowest position.
Equipment
You need a slotted screw driver.
Procedure
(a) Use the screwdriver to remove the screws securing
the tester cowl.
(b) Remove the cowl. Be careful not to touch any of

the electronic components.
(c) Use the screwdriver to remove the top rear cover.
3-9
Siting M30-20600-1
(d) Pivot the control board up and remove the foam

pad around the power lever. Secure the control
board to its original position.
(e) Carefully remove and discard the small foam

padding between the displacement transducer and
the plunger assembly.
(f) Remove the rear retainer clip from the pin at the
end of the power lever.
COWL
REARVIEW
SHIPPING
FOAM PADDING
TOP REAR
COVER
WEIGHTS
WEIGHT
SELECTOR
ASSEMBLY
Figure 3-5. Installing the Weights
3-10
Siting
PIN
REMOVE
POWER LEVER
REAR CLIP
NOTCH
CLIP
REMOVED
WEIGHT
STACK RING
REPLACE
REAR CLIP
Installation
WEIGHT
STACK
Figure 3-6. Hanging the Weight Stack

(g) Turn the Additional Load Selector dial until the
weight selector assembly is in its lowest position.
(h) Carefully install the weights by slipping the weight

stack ring over the pin and into the notched section.
(i) Make sure the weight stack hangs free.
(j) Replace the rear clip.
(k) Replace the cowl.
(l) Replace the top rear cover.
3-11
Setting Power M30-20600-1
Setting Power
You can alter the tester power input connector to accept
line voltages from 90 to 240 V a.c. 47 to 63 Hz. The
tester is factory set to the voltage you specified on the
purchase order. Use the following procedure if the
facility power source does not match the tester setting.
Equipment
• small slotted screwdriver
• long nose pliers
• AB type fuse (3 ampere)
Checklist
Check for the following conditions before you set the
main power:
q There is no cable connecting the tester to a line
voltage source.
q All power source cables match the following CEE
wire color code:
Brown- High (live)
Light Blue- Low (neutral)
Green and Yellow- earth ground
Note If you are changing the voltage to 200 to 240 V

a.c., add a male plug to the power cable that
matches the facility power source.
3-12
Setting Power
Warning
Shut off the main power switch and disconnect
the power cable to the tester before you
change the power setting. Dangerous voltage
levels are present with the fuse holder.
Procedure
(a) Locate the input connector on the rear of the tester.
Figure 3-7 illustrates the connector. There are four
holes at the right side of the connector, each
Installation
corresponds to a line voltage. A white pin in one of
the holes indicates the current voltage setting.
100
120
220
240
0
Figure 3-7. Power Connector

(b) Insert a small flat-head screwdriver into the middle
of the connector and pry out the fuse holder as
Figure 3-8 illustrates.
Figure 3-8.Prying Out the Fuse Holder
3-13
Setting Power M30-20600-1
Figure 3-9. Removing the Fuse Holder
(c) Remove the fuse holder from the line input

connector as Figure 3-9 illustrates.
(d) Use long nose pliers to remove the voltage selector

card as Figure 3-10 illustrates.
Figure 3-10. Removing the Voltage Selector
3-14
Setting Power
(e) Position the voltage selector card so that the

indicator pin is pointing up as Figure 3-11
illustrates. While you hold the pin in this position,
rotate the card until the voltage setting the system
requires is showing at the bottom of the card.
Installation
Figure 3-11. Voltage Selector
(f) Insert the card in the connector, with the edge
showing the selected voltage and the printed
numbers toward the center of the connector. Make
sure the card is fully seated.
(g) Make sure the fuse rating is 3 ampere.
(h) Install the fuse holder in the connector. Check that

the indicator pin now indicates the correct input
voltage.
3-15
Connecting Cables M30-20600-1
Connecting Cables
Warning
Disconnect the main power cable from the
voltage source before connecting the power
cable.
Figure 3-12 illustrates the rear panel cable connections.
AUX RS232
POWER FUSE 3 AMP
100
120
220
0 240
FOOTSWITCH GROUND
Figure 3-12. Rear Panel (650)
3-16
Connecting Cables
Connection Description
POWER A male three prong input

connector with an integral fuse
holder assembly. A power cable
connects between the
connection and an electrical
power source. You can remove
the fuse holder and reposition it
to select the proper taps of the
input power transformer to
match the power source.
RS232 A male, nine pin, sub-D

connector which connects a
Installation
communications cable
between the tester and an
optional computer or printer.
AUX A slot for an optional RS485

computer interface. You can
select this option at the time of
purchase or have it installed later.
Note The FOOTSWITCH connection is available only

on model 650 testers.
FOOTSWITCH A male, three pin connector

which connects an optional
footswitch to the tester. Pressing
the footswitch starts a hardness
test the same as pressing the
TEST button on the elevating
screw control panel.
GROUND A threaded lug and hex nut

which connects a cable
between the tester and earth
ground. Use this connection
only if your power source does
not carry the earth ground.
3-17
Connecting Cables M30-20600-1
3-18
Chapter 4
Function of Controls
Outline
• Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 4-2
• Total Load Selector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 4-3
• Manual Elevating Screw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 4-4
• Automatic Elevating Screw. . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 4-6
• Preliminary Load Selector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 4-8
• Control Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 4-9
This chapter details the function of the tester controls.
Function of
Controls
Included with each section is an illustration of the
control. Refer to Chapter 5 for details on the Control
Panel screens and menus.
4-1
Power M30-20600-1
Power
Figure 4-1 illustrates the Power switch. Press the
two-position switch to apply or remove power to the
tester. Select position 0 to turn power off; select position
1 to apply power.
100
120
220
240
0
Figure 4-1. Power Switch
When you select 1, electrical power is supplied to the

internal electronics, the control panel displays the Status
Display screen.
The switch assembly has an integral fuse to protect the
tester from high current conditions and selectable
settings for the tester a.c. power input.
4-2
Total Load Selector
Total Load Selector

The Total Load Selector is a dial on the side of the
tester. Before you perform a hardness test, set the dial to
the final load setting the test requires. Turn the dial
clockwise to increase the final load, turn it
counter-clockwise to decrease the final load. Refer to
page 2-4 for final load values for specific models.
Function of
Controls
Figure 4-2. Total Load Selector
4-3
Manual Elevating Screw M30-20600-1
Manual Elevating Screw

A Model 640 tester has a manual elevating screw as
Figure 4-3 illustrates. By turning the handles, you raise
or lower the screw for installing or removing a
specimen. The position of the screw also determines the
amount of preliminary load on the specimen.
CAPSTAN NUT
Figure 4-3. Manual Elevating Screw, Series 640

Caution
Do not strike the indenter with the anvil.
Striking indenter with the hardened
anvil could damage both components.
Raise and Lower
Note An internal brake assembly prevents the
elevating screw from moving during the test
sequence.
• Turn the capstan nut clockwise to raise the specimen
to the indenter.
• Turn the capstan nut counter-clockwise to lower the
specimen away from the indenter.
4-4
Manual Elevating Screw
Applying Preliminary Load

PRELIMINARY
LOAD MARK
HRC E HRC
TIME 0.5s R TIME 0.5s
R
O
R
!
Figure 4-4. Applying (left), Exceeding (right)

When the specimen contacts the indenter, the test
sequence screen appears on the panel display as Figure
4-4 illustrates. The screen contains the hardness scale
including the indenter symbol, the preliminary load
holding time and a row of triangles with a preliminary
Function of
Controls
load limit mark. The height of the row indicates the
current preliminary load relative to the final preliminary
load. When the tip of the last triangle touches the tip of
the limit mark, the tester has applied the full preliminary
load.
Errors
An error message appears if you:
• exceed preliminary load limit mark. To eliminate the
error, lower the elevating screw and apply the
preliminary load to another area on the specimen.
• reverse the direction of the elevating screw while
applying a preliminary load. To eliminate the error,
remove the indenter from the specimen and apply
the preliminary load to another area.
4-5
Automatic Elevating Screw M30-20600-1
Automatic Elevating Screw

A Model 650 tester has a control panel on the front of
the base which controls the elevating screw motor. UP,
DOWN, TEST, and STOP comprise the panel controls.
Figure 4-5 illustrates the panel.
Caution
Striking indenter with the hardened
UP TEST
DOWN
STOP
Figure 4-5. Automatic Control Panel, Series 650
Control Function
UP Press and hold, while the tester is

displaying the Test Operation Screen, to
raise the elevating screw up towards the
indenter. Release the button to stop the
upward movement. If the indenter
contacts the specimen (or anvil), the
motor stops and the tester will not allow
you to run a test.
4-6
Automatic Elevating Screw
Control Function
DOWN Press and hold to lower the elevating

screw away from the indenter. Release
the button to stop the downward
movement.
Warning
Do not place your fingers between the
indenter and anvil during an automatic
test sequence. The test forces can
cause personal injury.
TEST Press to start the automatic test cycle.
The elevating screw lifts the specimen
towards the indenter and stops when
the preliminary load is reached. The
system applies the additional load,
removes it and displays the results. The
Function of
Controls
screw then returns to its initial position
and is ready for the next test.
STOP Press to stop the automatic test

sequence started by the TEST button. If
you press the button during a test
sequence, the tester aborts the test.
However, if it has already applied the
additional load, the test sequence
continues. This may result in an
erroneous test result.
4-7
Preliminary Load Selector M30-20600-1
Preliminary Load Selector

The Preliminary Load Selector is a knurled dial and
stop ring located below the plunger sleeve and above the
indenter on 640T and 650T twin testers. Figure 4-6
illustrates the the selector.
By rotating the selector dial, you can choose between a
regular and superficial preliminary load. A series of
springs inside the plunger assembly produces the loads.
• To select the 10 kgf (98 N) preliminary load, for
regular hardness testing, align the mark on the dial
with the mark on the stop ring next to R.
• To select the 3 kgf (29 N) preliminary load, for
superficial testing, align the mark on the dial the
stop ring next to S.
s R
Figure 4-6. Superficial Setting (left) Regular (right)
4-8
Control Panel
Control Panel
The control panel’s menu based operating system and
keypad allow you to enter test parameters, run a
hardness test and display the results. Figure 4-7
illustrates the Control Panel.
DISPLAY KEYPAD
1 2 3 CE
PRINT PARAM STATS CONV
HRC 6
4 5 PROG
CODE SETUP LIST
51.3 7 8 9 0
Ready for Test
Function of
ON
Controls
NUM ESC ENTER
OFF
Figure 4-7. Control Panel

Keys
Communication between you and the tester takes place
via a control panel which consists of an LCD display
and a touch sensitive keypad. The keys have a dual
purpose (functions on the lower level and numeric on
the upper level.) Press NUM to shift between the upper
an lower levels.
Note If you press any key during a test, the test will be
aborted.
4-9
Control Panel M30-20600-1
Control Function
PRINT Press to enable the tester’s RS232 printer

interface . The printer interface is active
when the light is on.
PARAM Press to display the Parameter Display

screen.
STATS Press to display the Statistics Menu.
CE Press to delete the last hardness value so

it is not included in the statistics display.
CONV Press to invoke the Conversion function.
CODE Press to display the Code Setting screen.
SETUP From the Test Operation screen, press to

display the Configuration menu. From
the Parameter Display screen, press to
display the Parameter Settings menu.
PROG LIST Press to display the Test Program menu.

Press to toggle the lamp on and off.
NUM Press to toggle between the upper and

lower levels of the keyboard.
ESC Press to exit a display or a menu without

performing any action. Pressing this key,
from the Test Operation screen, invokes
the quick test mode.
ENTER Press to exit a screen and save or

execute a menu item.
←↑↓ → Press to scroll through a menu.
ON/OFF Press to toggle the standby mode.
4-10
Control Panel
Menus
Menu items appear in a matrix as Figure 4-8 illustrates.
Each menu consists of a title and several menu items.
The Control Panel displays one menu column and the
menu item with the cursor is the item selected.
Menu Title
Menu Item 1
Menu Item 2
Menu Item 3
Menu Item 4
Menu Item 5
Figure 4-8. Menu Format

Use the up down arrow keys to select the previous and
next menu items. Use the up arrow to scroll from the
first menu item to the last menu item. Use the down
Function of
Controls
arrow key to scroll from the last menu item to the first
menu item.
Moving within the Menu Lines
Use the right and left arrow keys to select the previous
and next menu lines, respectively. Press the left arrow to
scroll from the first menu column to the last menu
column. Press the right arrow to scroll from the last
column to the first. Since the Control Panel displays
only one menu column at a time, the upper right corner
indicates whether there are other menu columns to the
left or right of the active one.
4-11
Indicator Function
← There are menu columns before this one.
→ There are menu columns after this one.
←→ There are menu columns before and

after this one.
Executing a Menu Item
Once you have selected a menu item, press ENTER.
Depending on the menu, invoking an item can produce
the following reactions:
• Display a new menu (in the case of nested
structures).
• Display a certain screen (such as the statistics
display).
• Invokes editing mode (for example, to edit the
additional load time).
• Exit the menu and accept settings.
• Exit the menu without accepting the settings.
Continue or Cont. appears as an item in menus you can
edit. If you press ENTER to execute one of these menu
items, the cursor moves to the menu item and shifts to
the second level of the keyboard (the light on the NUM
key illuminates). This action activates the number keys
and allows you to edit numeric parameters.
To accept the entry, press ENTER. To exit a menu
without executing the selected item, press ESC. In
either case, the control panel returns to the first
keyboard level.
4-12
Control Panel
Test Modes
You have the option of performing a hardness test using
either of the following modes:
• Quick test
• Test program
In either mode, the tester keeps statistical test results
which you can display or print.
Quick Test
The control panel supports a quick test mode which
allows you to select a hardness scale and perform a test.
Other than the hardness scale, all parameters are fixed.
Caution
The tester does not warn you that the
Function of
data acquired while in the quick test
Controls
mode will be deleted if you select
another scale or test program.
Test Program
The test program mode allows you to program and store
up to 10 hardness tests. This feature allows you to
customize a test program for a particular specimen and
recall the test program parameters, thereby eliminating
the need to re-enter specimen specific parameters.
4-13
4-14
Chapter 5
Screens and Menus
Outline
• Structure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 5-2
• Status Display Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 5-3
• Test Operation Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 5-4
• Statistics Menu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 5-7
• Code Setting Screen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 5-12
• Test Program Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 5-14
• Parameters Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 5-15
• Parameters Setup Menu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 5-16
• Procedure Menu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 5-18
• Conversion Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 5-21
• Times Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 5-23
Screens and
• Tolerance Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 5-25
Menus
• Correction Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 5-27
• Delete Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 5-29
• Configuration Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 5-30
• Date and Time Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 5-31
• Language Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 5-32
• Servc. Cal Screen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 5-33
• Cal. Parameters Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 5-34
• Service Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 5-35
5-1
Structure M30-20600-1
Structure
Figure 5-1 illustrates the menu and screen structure.
STATUS
ENTER
DISPLAY
ESC
TEST QUICK
OPERATION TEST
ESC
PROG
PRINT CODE STATS PARAM CONV SETUP
LIST
CODE SETTING STATISTICS CONVERSION
PRINT
TEST CONFIGURATION
PARAMETERS
PROGRAM
SETUP
PRINTER
PARAMETERS
SETUP
PROCEDURE CONVERSION TIMES
TOLERANCE CORRECTION DELETE PROG.
Figure 5-1. Menu and Screen Structure
5-2
Status Display Screen
Status Display Screen

Access
The Status Display screen appears on the display when
you apply power to the tester. Press ENTER to exit the
screen and to go to the Test Operation screen.
Function
Figure 5-2 illustrates the Status Display screen.
Figure 5-2. Status Display Screen

The status display contains the following:
• Panel software version number
• Type of tester
• Current test program number Screens and
Menus
The test program line is blank if the tester is in the quick
test mode. If an error condition is in the last line, you
must eliminate the cause of the error before exiting the
Status Display screen. An error message could be the
result of a faulty tester component.
5-3
Test Operation Screen M30-20600-1
Test Operation Screen

Access
From the Status Display screen, press ENTER to access
the Test Operation screen.
Function
The Test Operation screen is the basic operating mode
of the tester. You can invoke most functions from this
screen. The tester retains all of the parameters which
were set before it was last turned off, including the
statistics. This makes it possible to continue measuring a
series specimens without entering the test parameters
again.
Screen Contents
Figure 5-3 illustrates the Test Operation screen.
HRC
=84
Ready for Test
Figure 5-3. Test Operation Screen
The following parameters are displayed in the Test

Operation screen:
• Rockwell scale, in the top left corner.
5-4
Test Operation Screen
• Indenter, as an icon in the top right corner.
Icon Description
P Diamond
o Steel Ball
• If available, the conversion scale in the lower right

corner.
• Arrows indicate whether the actual hardness value
lies below, within or above the set tolerance limits.
Icon Function
↓ Hardness value too small
= Hardness value within the tolerance.
↑ Hardness value too large.
• If the current tester loads do not match the scale

selected, the appropriate load and type of indenter
will flash on the bottom line. For example,
150R C brale requires a 150 kg total load, a regular
Screens and
preliminary load and a C brale indenter.
• Ready for Test appears on the bottom line when the Menus
tester is ready to begin testing.
There is no hardness value displayed until after the first
test. If <PAR> <CONF> appears on the bottom line of
the Test Operation screen, the current test program
parameters are not defined. To run a test, either select
another test program by pressing PROG LIST or set the
current test program parameters by pressing PARAM
and SETUP.
5-5
Test Operation Screen M30-20600-1
Sample Screens
The Figure 5-4 details the contents of some possible
Test Operation screens:
Screen Description
Test P1 is programmed for the

Rockwell C scale which requires
a Brale indenter. The Conversion
function is not active.
Test P2 is un-programmed. Press

PARAM and then SETUP to enter
the test parameters.
The quick test mode is active.

There is no test number on the
display.
Test P4 is programmed for the

Rockwell C scale and the
Conversion function is set to the
Vickers scale.
Figure 5-4. Test Operation Screen (examples)
5-6
Statistics Menu
Statistics Menu
Access
From the Test Operation screen, press STATS to access
the Statistics menu. Press ESC to exit the Statistics menu.
Function
Figure 5-5 illustrates the Statistics menu.
Figure 5-5. Statistics Menu

Select one of the first four menu items to display a
specific statistical format. After you select an item, the
tester displays the appropriate statistics display screen.
Select DELETE to clear all of the statistics of the
current test program.
The statistical data is dependent on the upper and lower
Screens and
tolerances you define from the Parameters menu, refer
Menus
to page 5-15. After you define the tolerances, the tester
stores the statistical data in memory as long as the
parameters remain the same.
Caution
If you change any of the test program
parameters, the tester clears statistical
memory of existing data and acquires
data for the new test parameters.
5-7
Statistics Menu M30-20600-1
Note If the Conversion function is active and the

resulting hardness value is not within the
conversion scale selected, the tester does not
acknowledge the test as valid statistical data.
Format 1
This format displays comprehensive statistical data. The
three screens in Figure 5-6 detail the statistics for the
current test program.
Screen Description
Measured values
Statistics 1 →
Measured values which are too small
Number 21
Low 1 Measured values which are too large
High 3
Av 62.7 HR Average
Minimum value
Statistics 1 ↔
Min 21
Maximum value
Max 1
Range
Range 3
S 62.7 HR
Standard Deviation
Mean Value -3 times

Statistics 1 ← the standard deviation
Av-3s 42.51HR
Av+3s 84.25 HR Mean value + 3 times
Cp 0.00 the standard deviation
Cpk -3.037
cp
cpk
Figure 5-6. Statistics Format 1

Use the arrow keys to move to each of the three screens.
Arrows indicate whether other screens (columns) are to
the left and or right of the current screen. Press PRINT
to print all the statistical variables.
5-8
Statistics Menu
Format 2
Figure 5-6 illustrates Format 2. The format displays the
number of hardness tests in separate cells.
Statistics 2
EXAMPLE:
THERE IS 1 TEST L 1 5 1
IN CELL L. 1 1 6 5 EXAMPLE:
2 1 7 3 THERE ARE 3 TESTS
3 3 8 1 IN CELL 7.
4 2 H 3

When you select Format 2, the tester manages the
statistical data in the following manner:
• Divides acceptable data (data within the upper and
lower tolerance limits) in eight equal cells.
• Assigns each cell a number, 1 to 8.
• Assigns data lower than the lower limit tolerance to
a separate L cell.
Screens and
• Assigns data higher than the upper limit tolerance
Menus
to a separate H cell.
• Assigns each test to a number.
• Continuously updates the data as you run a test with
the same parameters.
5-9
Statistics Menu M30-20600-1
Format 3
Figure 5-8 illustrates Format 3.
Statistics 3
L 4.8% 5 4.8%
1 4.8% 6 23.8%
2 4.8% 7 14.3%
3 14.3% 8 14.8%
4 9.5% H 14.3%

This format displays the relative number of hardness
tests as a percentage. The data is separated in cells
similar to Format 2.
Format 4
Figure 5-9 illustrates Format 4.
Statistics 4
L 1234 5678 H

This format displays the relative number of hardness
tests as a histogram. The height of the histogram
represents the relative number of tests in a given
cell.The data is separated in cells similar to Format 2.
5-10
Statistics Menu
Delete
Select Delete to clear all of the current statistics from
memory.
Caution
Once you delete statistical data, you
cannot recover the data.
To delete the statistics:
(a) Select the Delete menu item.
(b) Press ENTER.
(c) The tester prompt you with a warning. To cancel
the delete function, press ESC. To continue the
function, press ENTER.
Screens and
Menus
5-11
Code Setting Screen M30-20600-1
Code Setting Screen

Access
From the Test Operation screen, press CODE to access
the Code Setting screen. Press ESC to exit the screen
and to return to the Test Operation screen without
executing the selected item.
Function
Figure 5-10 illustrates the Code Setting screen.
Figure 5-10. Code Setting Screen

Use the Code Setting screen to enter a five digit numeric
code that protects certain tester functions from
unauthorized access. When entering a code, what you
type does not appear on the display, this prevents
someone else from seeing the new code.
Modifying
To modify a code, you must know the current valid
code. Enter the valid code first. If you enter an incorrect
code, an error message appears and the screen is exited.
If this happens, access the screen again, enter the valid
code, and then enter the new code.
To avoid the typing errors, you must enter the new code
two consecutive times. Only when both entries conform
to one another will the new code be valid. Otherwise an
error message appears and the tester retains the old code.
5-12
Code Setting Screen
Default Code
The tester is shipped with the following default code:
12345
If you set the tester code to another value and you
cannot remember it, use the following procedure to reset
the code to the default value:
(a) Turn the tester power off by setting the power
switch on the rear of the tester to O.
(b) You must now turn the power on. However, as you
turn the power switch to 1, press the control panel
right arrow key (→) two or three times.
(c) Wait for the tester to complete its startup sequence.
(d) Access the Code Setting screen and enter the
default code value, 1 2 3 4 5.
Screens and
Menus
5-13
Test Program Menu M30-20600-1
Test Program Menu

Access
From the Test Operation screen, press PROG LIST to
access the Test Program menu. To accept the entry, press
ENTER. Press ESC to exit the menu and to return to
the Test Operation screen without executing the selected
item.
Function
Figure 5-11 illustrates the Test Program menu.
Test Program
P1 HRC
P2 HRA
P3
P4 HRN
P5
Figure 5-11. Test Program Menu

There are 10 menu items, each corresponds to a test
program. When you first access the menu, the panel
defaults to the active test program. The cursor position
indicates the selected test program. The hardness test
method appears with the menu item.
If there is no entry behind an item, the test program
parameters are not defined. For example, in Figure 5-11
programs P1, P2 and P4 have test parameters while
programs P3 and P5 have no parameters programmed.
To create a new test program, select the corresponding
program item and enter the test parameters. For details
on programming a test, refer to page 8-4.
5-14
Parameter Display Screen
Parameter Display Screen

Access
From the Test Operation screen, press PARAM to
access the Parameter Display screen. Press ESC to exit
the screen and to return to the Test Operation screen.
Function
Figure 5-12 illustrates the Parameter Display screen.
Parameter indic.
HRC PL 0.5s
VL 2.0s
=0.0 RC 0.5s
>0.0 OD=10.00s
<0.0
Figure 5-12. Parameter Display Screen

The screen displays the following test program parameters:
• Hardness scale ( i.e. HRC)
• Target value (=)
• Upper and lower tolerance limits ( > <)
Screens and
• Preliminary load time (PL)
• Total load hold time (ML) Menus
• Conversion scale (if used)
• Corrections (if used, OD or ID)
• Recovery time (if used RC)
If the tester is configured for the Printer Mode, (refer to
page 6-2 ) you can press PRINT to output the current
test program parameters to the printer.
5-15
Parameters Setup Menu M30-20600-1
Parameters Setup Menu

Access
From the Parameters Display screen, press SETUP to
access the Parameters Setup menu. Press ESC to exit
the menu and to return to the Test Operation screen.
Function
Parameters Parameters
Procedure Delete Prog.
Conversion
Times
Tolerance
Correction
Figure 5-13. Parameters Setup Menu

Figure 5-13 illustrates the Parameters Setup menu.
The parameter settings always refer to the active test
program. Use this menu to set the parameters which
make up a test program.
Menu Security
In order to deny some users access to the parameters,
the menu is protected by a code inquiry. The request
to enter the code appears on the last line of the
Parameter Display screen.
The characters do not appear on the display as you
enter the code; press ENTER to finalize the entry.
Once you enter the correct code, a warning appears
indicating that the tester will delete the statistics of
the active test program.
5-16
Parameters Setup Menu
Caution
Once you delete statistical data, you
cannot recover the data.
Press ENTER to delete the statistics. You can return
to the Parameter Display screen without deleting the
statistics by pressing ESC.
Screens and
Menus
5-17
Procedure Menu M30-20600-1
Procedure Menu
Access
From the Parameters Setup menu, select the Procedure
item to access the Procedure menu. To accept the entry,
press ENTER. Press ESC to exit the menu and to return
to the Test Operation screen without executing the
selected item.
Function
Figure 5-14 illustrates the Procedure menu.
Rockwell
Standard
Plastic
Custom
Figure 5-14. Procedure Menu

All Series 600 testers are factory configured to support
the Rockwell test procedure. The Procedure menu lists
the following types of Rockwell hardness procedures:
• Standard (ASTM E-130)
• Plastic (ASTM D-785 )
• Custom (user defined).
Notes Selecting Standard or Plastic eliminates the
Times item from the Parameters menu.
After selecting Custom, you must enter the load
and recovery times in the Times screen.
5-18
Procedure Menu
Standard
When you select Standard, the tester defaults to the
following test times:
PL = 0.5s
ML = 2.0 s
RC = 2.0 s
The tester displays the list of Rockwell scales contained
in Table 5-1. Use the arrow keys to scroll through the
list. To select a scale, move the cursor to the scale you
desire and press ENTER. To exit the list without
changing the present scale, press ESC.
Table 5-1. Rockwell Scales
HRA HRM HRV HRA2
HRB HR15N HR15W
HRC HR30N HR30W
HRD HR45N HR45W
Screens and
Menus
HRE HRP HR15X
HRF HRR HR30X
HRG HRS HR45X
HRH HR15T HR15Y
HRK HR30T HR30Y
HRL HR45T HR45Y
5-19
Procedure Menu M30-20600-1
Plastic
When you select Plastic, the tester defaults to the
following test times:
PL = 0.5s
ML = 15.0 s
RC = 15.0 s
The tester displays a list of Rockwell scales, refer to
Table 5-1. Choose a scale and press Enter. Selecting
Plastic eliminates the Parameters menu Times selection.
To exit the list without changing the present scale, press
ESC.
Custom
When you select Custom, the tester does not default to a
a standard set of times. The tester displays a list of
Rockwell scales, refer to Table 5-1. Choose a scale and
press Enter. You must then select the Times item from
the Parameters menu and enter the times your test
requires. To exit the list without changing the present
scale, press ESC.
5-20
Conversion Function
Conversion Function
Access
From the Test Operation screen, press CONV to invoke
the Conversion function, or select the Conversion menu
item from the Parameters Settings menu.
Function
The tester supports the conversion of hardness values
according to ASTM E-140.
Note If you select the HRA scale, conversions are
done according to Table 1. If you select HRA2,
conversions are done according to Table 2.
You have the option of manually converting a test result
or programming the tester to automatically convert each
test result to a specific scale.
Converting a Test Result
To convert a hardness value displayed on the Test
Operation screen to another hardness scale:
(a) Press CONV; this turns on the CONV light. If
there is an equvilent hardness value available on
another scale, the tester flashes CONV under the Screens and
current hardness value. Figure 5-15 illustrates the Menus
Test Operation screen containing a converted
hardness value.
Note If there is no equivalent conversion for the
hardness value, CONV does not appear.
(b) Use the ← → arrow keys to scroll through the
conversion list. As you scroll through the list, the
value converts to the corresponding scale.
5-21
Conversion Function M30-20600-1
ORIGINAL HRC
SCALE
51.3 HRA
CONVERTED
SCALE
CONV
Ready for Testing
Figure 5-15. Converted Hardness Value

(c) To disable the conversion function, press CONV.
This action turns off the CONV light and CONV
no longer appears on the display. If you leave the
conversion function on, the tester automatically
turns off the function at the start of a new test
sequence.
Conversion During a Test
For the tester to perform a conversion during a test:
(a) Select the Conversion menu item from the
Parameters Setting menu.
Note If programming a new test, you must first select
a Procedure.
(b) Select the scale you want the tester to display.
(c) Press ESC to return to the Parameters Display screen.
After you perform a test, CONV flashes under the
current hardness value if there is an equivalent hardness
value available for the scale you selected.
Note If there is no equivalent conversion for the
hardness value, CONV does not appear.
5-22
Times Menu
Times Menu
Access
Note You can access the Times menu only after
selecting a hardness scale from the Custom
Rockwell procedure. Refer to Page 5-18.
From the Parameters Setup menu, select the Times item
to access the Times menu. Press ESC to exit the menu
and to return to the Test Operation screen without
executing the selected item.
Function
Figure 5-16 illustrates the Times menu.
Times
Hold PL 0.5s
Hold ML 0.5s
Hold RC 0.5s
Cont.
Figure 5-16. Times Menu
Screens and
The Times menu includes the following items:
• Hold PL - preliminary load holding time Menus
• Hold ML - total load holding time
• Hold RC - recovery time
The preliminary load holding time is the period the
tester holds the specified preliminary load force on the
specimen. The total load time is the period the tester
holds the specified total load force on the specimen. The
recovery time is the period between the end of the total
5-23
Times Menu M30-20600-1
load hold time and the actual measurement of the indent

depth.
Editing Times
(a) Use the arrow keys to move the cursor to the time
parameter you wish to edit.
(b) Press ENTER.
(c) Use the keypad to enter the new time, then press
ENTER.
Note You can reset all three times because a setting
does not become valid until you select Cont.
Exiting the menu by pressing ESC invalidates all
the new settings.
(d) If you wish to change another time parameter,
repeat steps (a) to (c).
(e) Use the arrow keys to move the cursor to the Cont.
menu item, then press ENTER. The tester accepts
the new entry and displays the Parameters Setup
menu.
5-24
Tolerance Screen
Tolerance Screen
Access
From the Parameters Setup menu, select the Tolerance
item to access the Tolerance menu. Press ESC to exit
the menu and to return to the Test Operation screen
without executing the selected item.
Function
Figure 5-17 illustrates the Tolerance menu.
Figure 5-17. Tolerance Menu

The Tolerance menu contains parameters which you set
to acquire hardness readings within a specific range. The
menu contains the following tolerance items:
Screens and
• Target Value (=)
• Lower Tolerance Limit (low) Menus
• Upper Tolerance Limit (high)
Target Value
The target value is the hardness specification of a
particular material. The value serves as a reference point
for the range you specify by setting the lower and upper
tolerance limits. The Test Operation screen displays the
hardness value with an equal sign if it is within the
range.
5-25
Tolerance Screen M30-20600-1
Lower Tolerance Limit

The Test Operation screen displays the hardness value
with a ↓ symbol if the value is below the lower
tolerance limit. Hardness values less than the lower
tolerance limit are softer than the specified range.
Upper Tolerance Limit
Hardness values greater than the upper tolerance limit
are harder than the specified range. The Test Operation
screen displays the hardness value with a ↑ symbol if it
is above the upper tolerance limit.
Editing a Tolerance
To edit a tolerance:
(a) Use the arrow keys to move the cursor to the
tolerance parameter you wish to edit.
(b) Press ENTER.
(c) Use the keypad to enter the new tolerance, then
press ENTER.
Note You can reset all three tolerances since a
setting does not become valid until you select
Cont. Exiting the menu by pressing ESC
invalidates all the new settings.
(d) If you wish to change another tolerance parameter,
repeat steps (a) to (c).
menu.
5-26
Cylindrical Correction Screen
Cylindrical Correction Screen

Access
From the Parameters Setup menu, select the Correction
item to access the Correction screen. Press ESC to exit
the menu and to return to the Test Operation screen
Function
Figure 5-27 illustrates the Correction screen.
Correction
Units = in
OD = 0.0
ID = 0.0
Cont.
Figure 5-18. Correction

The screen contains the correction settings for testing
cylindrical specimens such as tubing. You can run a test
using the Correction function for either the outside (OD)
or inside (ID) cylinder diameters.
If you specify an OD correction, the tester adds a factor Screens and
to the hardness value based on the ASTM cylinder Menus
corrections table. If you specify an ID correction, the
tester subtracts the factor from the hardness value.
Editing a Correction Factor
To edit a correction factor:
(a) Use the arrow keys to move the cursor to the
correction factor you wish to edit.
5-27
Cylindrical Correction Screen M30-20600-1
(b) To change the units, press ENTER to toggle

between mm and in. To accept the setting press
ENTER again.
(c) Use the keypad to enter the new correction factor,
then press ENTER. Once you enter a correction
factor, the other correction setting defaults to 0.0.
Note A setting does not become valid until you
select Cont. Exiting the menu by pressing ESC
invalidates all the new settings.
menu.
If a test program has an active correction, OD= or ID=
appears on the Parameters screen and Corr is printed on
the test results printout.
5-28
Delete Screen
Delete Screen
Access
From the Parameters Setup menu, select the Delete
menu item to access the Delete function. Press ESC to
exit the menu and to return to the Test Operation screen
Function
Caution
All statistical data for the specified test
program is lost if you invoke the delete
function. You cannot recover the data.
Use the delete function to remove parameters settings
from a program. After you select the delete function, the
following sequence occurs:
1. The tester displays a warning that all statistical data
for the selected program will be deleted. You have
the option to either continue or cancel the function.
2. If you continue,the tester deletes the program
Screens and
parameters.
3. You must select another test program or define the Menus
current test program parameters on the Parameter
Settings menuinordertocreate a Ready For Test state.
4. If you return to the Test Operation screen from an
undefined test program, an error message appears
indicating that the system is not ready for testing.
Undefined programs appear on the Program menu
without a scale.
5-29
Configuration Menu M30-20600-1
Configuration Menu
Access
From the Test Operation screen, press SETUP and enter
the tester code to access the Configuration menu. Press
ESC to return to the Test Operation screen.
Function
Figure 5-19 illustrates the Machine Configuration menu.
Configuration
Date, Time
Language
Servc. Cal.
Cal-Parameters
Service
Figure 5-19. Configuration Menu

The screens within the individual menu items allow you
to display and modify parameters which define the basic
settings of the tester, not the test programs.
Caution
Do not access the Servc. Cal screen.
Changing the parameters on the Servc
Cal. screen will invalidate the
calibration of the tester.
If you inadvertently access the Servc.
Cal screen, do not change any
settings. Press ESC to return to the
Configuration menu.
5-30
Date and Time Menu
Date and Time Menu

Access
From Machine Configuration menu, select the Date
Time item to access the Date and Time menu. Press
ESC to exit the menu without changing the settings.
Function
Figure 5-20 illustrates the Date and Time menu. The
date and time in the menu appears on the test printout.
Date, Time
Date 11.12.94
Time 09.45
Continue
Figure 5-20. Date and Time Menu

Changing Date or Time
You edit the date and time menu items in the following
sequence:
Screens and
Menus
(a) Select a menu item and press ENTER. After
executing a menu item, you can edit the current
value.
(b) Edit the date or time and then press ENTER to
finalize the entry.
(c) Select Continue to validate the new settings.
5-31
Language Menu M30-20600-1
Language Menu
Access
From the Configuration menu, select the Language item
to access the Language menu. Press ESC to exit the
menu without changing the settings.
Function
Figure 5-21 illustrates the Language menu.The menu
items correspond to the language selections the tester
supports.
Language
German
English
French
Italian
Swedish
Figure 5-21. Language Screen
Selecting a Language
After you select the menu item, the new language
becomes effective immediately and the tester exits the
Language screen. Pressing ESC invalidates all new
entries.
5-32
Servc. Cal Screen
Servc. Cal Screen

Figure 5-22 illustrates the Servc. Cal Screen.
R HRC
o
cC
k a
w l =67.8
e
l
l Target value 68.3
Figure 5-22. Servc. Cal Screen
Cautions
Do not access this screen. Changing
the parameters on the Servc Cal.
screen will invalidate the calibration of
the tester.
If you inadvertently access the Servc.
Cal screen, do not change any
settings. Press ESC to return to the
Configuration menu.
Screens and
Menus
5-33
Cal Parameters Screen M30-20600-1
Cal Parameters Screen

Access
From the Configuration menu, select the Cal Parameters
item to access the Cal Parameters screen. Press ESC to
exit the menu.
Function
Figure 5-23 illustrates the Cal Parameters screen.
Cal. Parameters
Figure 5-23. Cal Parameters Screen
This read-only screen contains the Rockwell calibration

constants, for the C Brale, N Brale and ball indenters
respectively.
The factory defaults are set to 1.0000000. If you
perform a Rockwell calibration, the default number will
change slightly. The differences in the values represent
the slight mechanical variations in the indenters.
5-34
Service Screen
Service Screen
Access
From the Configuration menu, select the Service item to
access the Service screen. Press ESC to exit the menu.
Function
Figure 5-24 illustrates the Service screen. This read-only
screen is for Wilson Service.
Service
Saddle Sw
1
Depth
0.000 µm
Figure 5-24. Service Screen
Screens and
Menus
5-35
Service Screen M30-20600-1
5-36
Chapter 6
Communications
Outline
• Printer Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 6-2
• PC Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 6-7
This chapter details the printer and PC modes.
Note The tester’s RS232 communications interface is

factory configured for either printer or personal
computer (PC) modes. The mode your tester is
configured for is determined at the time of
purchase.
Communications
6-1
Printer Mode M30-20600-1
Printer Mode
If your tester is configured for the printer mode, you can
print test data to an optional printer. The printer
connects to the RS232 interface on the rear of the tester.
You can print individual test results and statistics or
automatically print just the test results.
Print Individual Results and Statistics
This mode allows you to print test results of the current
test. After the tester completes a test, you can print
either the test result or the statistical data. You can only
print data while the tester displays the Test Operation
screen or any of the four statistical format screens.
To print a test result or statistical data, go to the
appropriate screen and press PRINT. Test data output
includes the test number, scale, hardness number and
tolerances. Statistical data appears in the format you
have selected.
Automatically Print Test Results
This mode allows you to automatically print test results
each time the tester completes a test.
To enable the mode, press PRINT while the tester is
displaying the Test Operation screen. When the mode is
active, the PRINT light goes on and the tester sends a
test header to the printer. Each time the tester completes
a test while the light is on, the test number, hardness
value and tolerance is printed.
To disable the automatic print mode, press PRINT from
the Test Operation screen. When the light turns off, the
mode is no longer active.
6-2
Printer Mode
Printer Output Examples

The following list contains examples of tester’s printer
output and describes the contents.
Printer Output Description

Program: 1
Date-Time: Sept. 28, 1994, 2:00 p.m.
Scale: Rockwell C
Conversion: None
Correction: Off
Load Time: 2.0 seconds
Tolerance Limits
Upper: 0.0 HRC
Lower: 0.0 HRC
Test Number: 4
Result: 38.3 HRC, High.
Comments: A test header was printed because
this was the first test printed with the current
settings. HIGH is printed because the tolerance
parameters are set to 0 and the result is higher.
Program: 1
Date-Time: Sept. 28, 1994: 2:12 p.m.
Scale: Rockwell C
Conversion: None
Correction: Off
Tolerance Limits
Communications
Upper: 0.0 HRC

Lower: 0.0 HRC
Result: 375 HV Conversion, High
Comments: Although the test ran on the
Rockwell C scale, the operator invoked the
control panel Conversion function and
selected the Vickers scale. CONV appears
below the hardness value to indicate a
converted value.
6-3

Program: 4
Date-Time:: Sept 28, 1994 2:12 p.m
Scale: Rockwell C
Conversion: HV
Correction: OD= 0.600
Tolerance Limits
Upper: 391 HV
Lower: 389 HV
Result: 375 HV Conversion
Comments: The operator setup the test for the
Rockwell C scale, and invoked the Conversion
function, for the HV scale, via the test program
parameters. The Correction function was set for
an outside diameter of 0.600 in. (cylindrical
specimen) Tolerance parameters are set to the
Vickers scale. The test header was
automatically printed with the test results. CORR
and CONV indicate that the Correction and
Conversion functions were active during the
test. Another test was performed using the
same test program and settings so the header
was not printed with the result. The operator
deleted test result 5. This action purged test
result 5 data from the tester’s statistical
memory. The operator then performed another
test which the tester automatically designated
as result 5 and included in the statistical
memory.
6-4
Printer Mode

Program: 4
Date-Time: Sept 28, 1994 2:12 p.m.
Scale: Rockwell C
Conversion: HV
Correction: OD= 0.600
Tolerance Limits
Upper: 391 HV
Lower: 389 HV
Test 5 Result: 364 HV Correction
Conversion
Test 6 Result: 366 HV Correction Conversion
Comments: Although the test was run on the
Rockwell C scale, the operator invoked the
Conversion function after the test was
complete, and selected the Vickers scale. The
test header information was printed because
this operator used the conversion function.
Format: 1
Values: 6
Values too low: 5
Values too high: 0
Average value: 386 HV
Minimum value: 384 HV
Maximum value: 390 HV
Range: 6.00 HV
Standard
Deviation: 2.401 HV
Communications
Mean Value: 379.0 HV -3 times

standard deviation
Mean value : 379.0 HV+ 3
times standard deviation
cp: 0.139
cpk : -0.393
Scale: Vickers
6-5

Format: 2
Class L: 5 tests are lower
than the lower limit.
Class 5: 1 test was within the
upper and lower limits
Comments: Other than class 5, there was no
tests within the 8 equal classes . No test was
above the upper limit Class H.
Format: 3
Class L: 83.3 % of the total tests are
lower than the lower limit.
Class 5: 1 test was within the upper
and lower limits
Comments: Other than class 5, there was no
acceptable tests within the 8 equal classes. No
test was above the upper limit Class H.
Format: 4
Comments: The histogram represents the total
test results. The largest proportion of tests were
lower than the lower limit. A smaller proportion
was within the upper and lower limits. Other
than class 5, there were no tests within the 8
equal classes. No test was above the upper
limit Class H.
Note If the Conversion function is active and the

resulting hardness value is not within the
conversion scale selected, the tester does not
acknowledge the test as valid statistical data.
The tester prints the result with a test header but
does not assign a test number to it.
6-6
PC Mode
PC Mode
If your tester is configured for the computer mode, you
can run software programs on an optional personal
computer (PC). The PC connects to the RS232 interface
on the rear of the tester.
Optional software programs include statistical and X-Y
packages. To run an X-Y program, the tester must be
equipped with a multi-axis stage. For details on
software, contact your Wilson representative.
The PC mode operates on a handshake protocol. The
tester only responds when queried by the PC. If the
tester responds to the PC data is transmitted.
Communications
6-7
PC Mode M30-20600-1
6-8
Chapter 7
Preparation
for Use
Preparation for Use
Outline
• Turning Power On . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 7-2
• Selecting a Rockwell Scale . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 7-4
• Selecting and Installing an Indenter . . . . . . Page 7-9
• Selecting and Installing an Anvil. . . . . . . . Page 7-13
This chapter contains sections which explain how to
prepare the tester for hardness testing. You should
review the information in these sections prior to
operating the tester.
7-1
Powering On and OFF M30-20600-1
Powering On and OFF

Power On
To apply electrical power to the tester, select 1 on the
rear panel power switch. If the control panel display
does not illuminate after a few seconds, press the
ON/OFF key on the control panel.
After you turn the tester on, the Status Display screen
appears on the display. Press ENTER to exit the screen
and go to the Test Operation screen.
When the Test Operation screen appears, the tester
defaults to the last parameter values, including the
statistics, which the tester was set to prior to being
turned off. This allows you to continue a series of tests
without having to enter the parameters again.
Power Off
Note When you turn the power off, the tester stores
all test parameters and statistics in memory.
After you have completed testing, press the ON/OFF
button on the control panel. This action shuts the power
off to the display and puts the tester in a standby mode
which consumes little power.
Warning
Turn off the rear panel power switch
and disconnect the power cable
before performing any maintenance
procedures. There are hazardous
voltages inside the tester.
7-2
Powering On and OFF
If you are performing maintenance procedures or
Preparation
moving the tester to another location, remove all
for Use
electrical power to the tester by selecting O on the rear
panel power switch.
7-3
Selecting a Rockwell Scale M30-20600-1
Selecting a Rockwell Scale

Before you perform a hardness on a specimen, you must
first determine which Rockwell scale to use. There are
15 different regular and superficial scales. Each scale
has specific test parameters such as load and type of
indenter.
The tester expresses a hardness value by the symbol HR
and the scale designation. For example:
Value Description
64 HRC Rockwell hardness number of

64 on Rockwell C scale.
81 HR3ON Rockwell superficial hardness

number of 81 on Rockwell 30 N
scale.
Factors to Consider
In most cases a Rockwell hardness tolerance
specification for a material is indicated on a technical
drawing. If the material you wish to test has no
specification or you doubt the scale for a particular
specimen, consider the following limiting factors:
• Type of Material
• Thickness of Specimen
• Width of Test Area
• Scale Limitations
7-4
Type of Material
Preparation
for Use
Table 1-1 gives a listing of all regular Rockwell scales
and typical material for these scales. While the table
includes only the regular Rockwell scales, this
information can be helpful when testing on the
superficial scales.
Note In general, you should use the heaviest load

possible.
Table 7-1. Typical Scale Application
Scale
Application
Symbol
A Cemented carbides, steel and deep case-hardened steel.
B Copper alloys, soft steels, aluminum alloys, malleable iron, etc.
Steel, hard cast iron, titanium, deep case-hardened steel and perlitic
C
malleable iron.
D Thin steel and medium case-hardened steel and perlitic malleable iron.
E Cast iron, aluminum and magnesium alloys, bearing metals.
F Annealed copper alloys, thin soft sheet metals.
G Phosphor bronze beryllium copper, malleable irons.
H Aluminum, zinc lead.
K
L
M Bearing metals and other soft or thin material including plastics (see ASTM
P D785). Use smallest ball and heaviest load that do not give anvil effect.
R
S
V
7-5
Thickness of Specimen
The material immediately surrounding a Rockwell
indent is cold-worked. Cold-working is the process of
stressing a material to some point within its plastic
range, and then removing the load. This process makes
the stressed area harder than the rest of the specimen.
The extent of the cold-worked area depends on the type
of material and previous hardening of the specimen.
The thickness of the material must be at least ten times
the depth of the indent in order to avoid the affects of
cold working. Use this minimum thickness ratio of 10:1
as an approximation.
Scale Limitations
• Results below 20HRC with Brale diamond indenters.
Do not use a diamond indenter when readings fall
below 20HRC since there is a loss of sensitivity.
Brale diamond indenters are not calibrated below
20HRC. With softer materials, try using the B scale.
Caution
Do not use the C scale on tungsten
carbide. Doing so will either fracture
the material or greatly reduce the life
of the diamond indenter.
• Tungsten Carbide
Although there is no limitation to the material
hardness that you can test with the diamond
indenter, the A scale is the accepted scale by the
carbide industry.
7-6
• Readings above 100 with ball indenters.
Preparation
for Use
Although scales using the ball indenter range to 130,
do not be accept readings above 100, except under
special circumstances. Values between 130 and 100
use the very tip of the ball, because of the indenter’s
blunt slope, the sensitivity of most scales is poor in
this region. Also, with the smaller diameter indenter,
there is a danger of flattening the ball under the high
pressure developed on the small contact area. For
consistent results, change the balls frequently.
• Readings below zero.
Except for plastic materials, do not accept readings
below zero on any Rockwell scale. The negative
values cause confusion and are often misinterpreted.
Use the next lighter load or larger indenter if you
obtain readings below zero.
• Non-homogeneous materials.
Select a scale which will give relatively consistent
readings. If you use either a ball indenter which is
too small in diameter or a load which is too light,
the indent will not cover enough area to yield
consistent hardness readings representative of the
material.
Width of Test Area
The minimum width of the specimen, the distance
between indents and a cylindrical surface are other
limiting factors of the material.
If the indent is too close to the edge of a specimen, the
material will yield and the Rockwell hardness number
decreases accordingly. The distance from the center of
the indent to the edge of the specimen must be at least
7-7
2.5 indent diameters. Therefore, the width of a test area
must be at least five diameters when you make an indent
in the center of the area.
The material immediately surrounding an indent is
cold-worked. A test within the cold worked area of an
existing indent will usually have a higher reading than
one made on virgin material. The distance from center
of an indent must be at least three indent diameters from
the next indentation.
When you test a cylindrical or curved surface, the test
result requires a cylindrical correction factor. Correction
factors are based on whether the indent is on the inside
or outside surface of the specimen as Figure 7-1
illustrates. Refer to page 5-27 for details on the tester’s
correction function.
INDENT
INSIDE DIAMETER
LOCATION
CORRECTION
INDENT
LOCATION
OUTSIDE DIAMETER
CORRECTION
Figure 7-1. Cylindrical Specimens.
7-8
Selecting and Installing an Indenter
Preparation
for Use
Selecting
Depending on the material and scale, a Rockwell test
may require either a Brale or steel ball type indenter.
Tables 7-2 and 7-3 detail the symbol indenter and load
combinations for regular and superficial test.
Table 7-2. Regular Scales
Scale Indenter Load

Symbol in. kgf (Newtons)
A Brale diamond* 60 (589)
B 1/16 ball 100 (981)
C Brale diamond 150 (1471)
D Brale diamond 100 (981)
E 1/8 ball 100 (981)
F 1/16 ball 60 (589)
G 1/16 ball 150 (1471)
H 1/8 ball 60 (589)
K 1/8 ball 150 (1471)
L 1/4 ball 60 (589)
M 1/4 ball 100 (981)
P 1/4 ball 150 (1471)
R 1/2 ball 60 (589)
S 1/2 ball 100 (981)
V 1/2 ball 150 (1471)
* Two scales, carbide and steel.
7-9
Selecting and Installing an Indenter M30-20600-1
Table 7-3. Superficial Scales
Scale Symbol Indenter Load kgf (lbf.)

15N Brale diamond 15 (147)
30N Brale diamond 30 ( 294)
45N Brale diamond 45 ( 441)
15T 1/16 ball 15 (147)
30T 1/16 ball 30 ( 294)
45T 1/16 ball 45 ( 441)
15W 1/8 ball 15 (147)
30W 1/8 ball 30 ( 294)
45W 1/8 ball 45 ( 441)
15X 1/4 ball 15 (147)
30X 1/4 ball 30 ( 294)
45X 1/4 ball 45 ( 441)
15Y 1/2 ball 15 (147)
30Y 1/2 ball 30 ( 294)
45Y 1/2 ball 45 ( 441)
Brale
Brale is Wilson’s trademark for a diamond indenter with
a conical shape, with an included angle of 120o and a
spherical tip with a radius of 0.200 mm, all in
accordance with ASTM E-18. Use the Brale diamond
indenter for testing material such as steels and cemented
carbides.
Use the N Brale indenter for superficial Rockwell
hardness testing. One point of hardness represents a
depth of only 0.001 mm (0.00004 in.)
7-10
Steel Ball
Preparation
for Use
Steel ball indenters are available in the following sizes:
• 1/16 in.
• 1/8 in.
• 1/4 in.
• 1/2 in.
Because there is a loss of sensitivity as the size of the
indenter ball increases, you should select the smallest
ball possible, except when testing a soft material which
is not homogeneous. In this case, use a large ball to
obtain an average hardness. Use a steel ball indenter
when testing materials such as very soft steel-copper
alloys, aluminum and plastics.
Installing
After you determine which scale the test requires, install
the appropriate indenter. Figure 7-2 illustrates how to
install an indenter.
To install an indenter:
(a) Align the machined flat with the small knob on the
plunger sleeve.
Caution
Striking the indenter with the hardened
7-11
Selecting and Installing an Indenter M30-20600-1
(b) Insert the shaft into the sleeve. Make sure the plunger
sleeve covers the entire length of the shaft.
PLUNGER DO NOT
SLEEVE LOOSEN
KNOB
FLAT
PROTECT
INDENTER TIP
Figure 7-2. Installing an Indenter
(c) Before you test a specimen, run a test on a test block

to assure that the indenter is properly seated.
7-12
Selecting and Installing Anvils
Preparation
for Use
Selecting
It is important that you select an anvil which supports
the specimen and does not introduce any error which
could result in false hardness readings. The four
standard anvils supplied with the tester are:
• Plane
• Pedestal
• Standard V
• Shallow V Pedestal
Figure 7-3 illustrates the anvils.
PLANE STANDARD V
PEDESTAL SHALLOW V
Figure 7-3. Anvils
7-13
Selecting and Installing Anvils M30-20600-1
Pedestal
The pedestal anvil has a small elevated flat spot. Use
this anvil for calibration checks on Rockwell test blocks
and for most other test applications. The small contact
point reduces the possibility of irregular specimen
shapes from introducing erroneous hardness values. If
the specimen is not flat, place it on the anvil with the
more convex side down. This method makes better
contact with the anvil at the test point.
Note Do not test cylindrical surfaces on a spot anvil.

Plane
The plane anvil has a large flat surface. Use this anvil
for testing heavy flat bottom specimens.
Standard V
The standard V has a deep groove which keeps rounded
specimens in place. Use this anvil for testing cylinders
with diameters of 6 mm (0.25 in.) or larger.
Shallow V
The shallow V anvil is a looks like a pedestal anvil with
a small groove. Use this anvil for round specimens that
are too small in diameter to be supported with a deep V
anvil.
7-14
Installing an Anvil
Preparation
for Use
Figure 7-4 illustrates the installation of an anvil.
s
PROTECT THE
INDENTER FROM THE
ANVIL
ELEVATING
SCREW BUSHING
Figure 7-4. Installing an Anvil

(a) Before you install an anvil check that the bushing is
clean.
(b) Lower the elevating screw so there is enough
clearance between the indenter and bushing.
Caution
Striking the indenter with the hardened
(c) Carefully place the anvil into the elevating screw

bushing.
7-15
Selecting and Installing Anvils M30-20600-1
(d) Perform a few hardness tests on a test block to ensure
that the anvil is seated.
Note When you remove the anvil from the elevating

screw, protect the indenter by placing one
finger across the top of the anvil.
7-16
Chapter 8
Operation
Operation
Outline
• Running a Quick Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 8-2
• Programming a Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 8-4
• Running a Programmed Test . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 8-7
This chapter details the following methods for setting up
and running a test:
• Entering the Rockwell hardness scale and using the
default parameters to run a quick and simple test.
• Creating a custom test by programming the control
panel with parameters your test requires.
• Selecting one of the ten existing test programs with
the appropriate scale and parameters for your test.
8-1
Running a Quick Test M30-20600-1
Running a Quick Test

A quick test is a simple way of running a hardness test
without the usual setting up parameters. The procedure
requires you only to select the hardness scale. During
the test, the tester uses a series of default time
parameters. Like a standard test, you can display the
parameters, however, you cannot edit them. Refer to
page - for the time parameters.
Checklist
Before you run a test, check for the following conditions:
q The tester power is on and the control panel is
displaying the Test Operation screen.
q You have installed the appropriate anvil for the
specimen.
q You have installed the appropriate indenter for the
test.
q You have selected the appropriate loads. Refer to
pages 4-3 and 4-8.
Procedure
(a) From the Test Operation screen, press ESC. The
control panel displays a menu of hardness scale.
(b) Use the arrow keys to select a scale.
(c) Press ENTER. The tester is now ready for testing.
(d) Place a specimen on the anvil.
8-2
Running a Quick Test
(e) To start the test on a 650 tester, press TEST. Refer

to page 4-6. To start the test on a 640 tester, apply
the preliminary load by turning the elevating screw
clockwise. Refer to page 4-4.
Note Do not press any buttons or controls during the

test. If you attempt to change a setting during
Operation
the test, it will be aborted.
(f) A 650 tester’s elevating screw automatically

retracts when the test is complete. You must
manually retract a 640 tester’s elevating screw.
8-3
Programming a Test M30-20600-1
Programming a Test
Checklist
Before you program a test, check for the following
conditions:
q You have installed the appropriate anvil for the
specimen.
test.
pages 4-3 and 4-8.
Procedure
(a) From the Test Operation screen, press PROG
LIST to access the Test Program menu. Refer to
page 5-14.
(b) Select an un-programmed test. Refer to page 5-14
(c) Press PARAM to enter the Test Parameters screen.

Refer to page 5-15.
(d) Press SETUP to configure the test parameters.
(e) Enter the access code to enter the Parameter Setting

Menu. Refer to Page 5-16.
(f) Select the Procedure item.
8-4
Programming a Test
(g) Select the type of Rockwell test you want to run,

either standard, plastic or custom.
(h) Select a hardness scale.
(i) If your test requires a conversion, select

Conversion and enter the appropriate scale. If your
Operation
test does not require a conversion, make sure the
Conversion function is off.
If your test requires a correction factor, select the

correction factor. If your test does not require a
correction factor, make sure that both OD and ID
are set to 0.0.
(j) If you have selected the standard or plastic

procedure, the tester uses default time parameters.
Refer to page 2-5.
If you select a custom test, you must specify time
parameters in the Times screen. Refer to page 5-23.
(k) Press ESC to return to the Test Operation screen.
(l) Place a specimen on the anvil.
(m) To start the test on a 650 tester, press TEST. Refer

Note Do not press any buttons or adjust any controls

during the test. Doing so will cause the tester to
abort the test.
8-5
Programming a Test M30-20600-1
(n) A 650 tester’s elevating screw automatically

8-6
Running a Programmed Test
Running a Programmed Test

Checklist
Before you run a test, check for the following conditions:
Operation
q You have installed the appropriate anvil.
test.
pages 4-3 and 4-8.
Procedure
(a) From the Test Operation screen, press PROG
LIST to access the Test Program menu. Refer to
page 5-14.
(b) Select a programmed test. Refer to page 5-14
(c) Press ESC to return to the Test Operation screen.
(d) Place a specimen on the anvil.
(e) To start the test on a 650 tester, press TEST. Refer

Note Do not press any buttons or adjust any controls

during the test. Doing so will cause the tester to
abort the test.
8-7
Running a Programmed Test M30-20600-1
(f) A 650 tester’s elevating screw automatically

8-8
Chapter 9
Maintenance
Outline
• Checklist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 9-2
• Cleaning and Lubricating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 9-3
• Replacing a Fuse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 9-7
• Care of Indenters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 9-10
• Test Block Verification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 9-12
• Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 9-14
This chapter includes procedures for maintaining your
Maintenance
hardness tester and a guide for troubleshooting problems.
9-1
Checklist M30-20600-1
Checklist
The following list details routine maintenance checks
you should perform at least once a week.
q Clean the tester according to the Cleaning procedure

on page 9-3.
q Check all indenters, anvils, fixtures and accessories
for damage. Replace any damaged items.
q Check that the tester is level. If it is not, level
according to the Leveling procedure.
q Check that signal and power cables have adequate
slack so as not to put excessive strain on the
connectors.
9-2
Cleaning and Lubricating

Warning
Turn off the power switch and disconnect
the power cable before cleaning or
l ubri cati ng the tes ter . There are
hazardous voltages inside the tester.
Cleaning
The Series 600 Rockwell Tester is a precision
instrument that requires periodic cleaning. How
frequently you clean the tester depends on the
cleanliness of the environment it is operating in.
• For non-metallic surfaces, wipe clean using a soft

cloth dampened with a mild liquid cleaner. Do not
use too much cleaner. It could seep inside the tester
and cause component damage.
• For metallic surfaces, wipe clean using a soft cloth
Maintenance
dampened with a light oil. Do not use too much oil.
Excessive oil will attract dirt any other debris.
• Clean the mating surfaces between the elevating
screw and anvil, and the indenter shoulder and the
plunger rod face as Figure 9-1 illustrates. Dirt, oil,
metal chips or other debris between these surfaces
could compress during a test and cause inaccurate
readings.
• Keep the elevating screw clean. A collapsible sleeve
protects the screw above the capstan nut from dust
and dirt. Do not operate the tester without the
protective sleeve.
9-3
Cleaning and Lubricating M30-20600-1
CLEAN
CLEAN
Figure 9-1. Cleaning

Lubricating the Elevating Screw
Equipment
• dispenser of Eel-skid oil.

• cloth or towel
• soft brush
Checklist
Check for the following conditions before you lubricate
the elevating screw:
9-4
q There is no specimen, anvil or indenter installed in

the tester.
q The elevating screw is completely extended.
Procedure
Warning
Do not operate the tester without the
protective sleeve.
(a) Remove the protective sleeve as Figure 9-2 illustrates.
LOOSEN
HEX BOLT
PROTECTIVE
SLEEVE
Maintenance
REMOVE 4
SLOTTED SCREWS
EXPOSED
ELEVATING SCREW
Figure 9-2. Removing the Protective Sleeve
9-5
Cleaning and Lubricating M30-20600-1
(b) Inspect the screw threads for any dirt, fibers or other
debris. If you find any, use the cloth to remove them.
(c) Sparingly, apply some oil to each thread. Do not apply

too much.
(d) Use the cloth to wipe any excess oil.
Caution
Small pieces of fiber or other debris can
cause the elevating screw to bind. After
lubricating the screw, remove all traces of
lint from it with a soft brush.
(e) Use the soft brush to remove any lint or fibers.
(e) Replace the protective sleeve.
(f) Turn the tester power on, and run the screw up and
down several times to distribute the oil evenly.
9-6
Replacing a Fuse
Replacing a Fuse
Warning
Shut off the main power switch and
remove the power cable before you
replace a fuse.
Caution
Replace a fuse with the same type and
size as the original. Installing the wrong
fuse could damage the tester’s electrical
circuits.
Equipment
• small flathead screwdriver

• replacement fuse
Maintenance
• ohm meter (optional)
Checklist
Check for the following conditions before you replace a
fuse:
q There is no cable connecting the tester to a line

voltage source.
q The main power switch is set to O (OFF).
9-7
Replacing a Fuse M30-20600-1
Procedure
(a) Insert a small flat head screwdriver into the middle of
the connector and pry out the fuse holder as Figure 9-3
illustrates.
Figure 9-3. Pry Out the Fuse Holder
(b) Remove the fuse holder from the line input connector
as Figure 9-4 illustrates.
Figure 9-4. Remove Fuse
9-8
Replacing a Fuse
(c) Remove the fuse from the cap and inspect the filament
for a break. If you are unable to determine if the fuse
is open, use an ohm meter to verify that the filament
is continuous.
(d) Install the replacement fuse (3 ampere).
(e) Replace the fuse holder.
Maintenance
9-9
Care of Indenters M30-20600-1
Care of Indenters
Figure 9-5 illustrates a Brale diamond indenter and a
ball indenter.
BALL
BRALE
DIAMOND
CAP
Figure 9-5. Brale (left), Ball (center, right)
Notes Do not use a worn or damaged indenter.
If you replace an indenter, refer to Calibrating

the Rockwell scale on page 5-33.
Brale Diamond
Inspect the Brale indenters for damage daily. If the
conical surface of the metal body has many dents, the
operator has probably struck the indenter against the
hardened anvil. Inspect the the indenter under a 10x
power magnifier. If there is significant damage, replace
the indenter. To avoid damage to the indenter, protect it
with your finger when removing the anvil and specimen.
9-10
Care of Indenters
Ball Indenters
Inspect the ball indenters for damage daily. If there is
signs of wear or deformation, replace the ball. To
replace the ball, unscrew the cap by turning it. Remove
the old ball and install the replacement ball. Screw on
the cap and install the indenter.
Maintenance
9-11
Test Block Verification M30-20600-1
Test Block Verification

Test block verification is an easy means of checking the
accuracy of your tester. The procedure is a simple
comparison. You install the test block, perform a
hardness test on it and compare the resulting hardness
number to the value engraved on the test block. This
comparison will indicate whether or not the instrument
needs servicing.
Note According to ASTM E-18, section 14, you should

verfiy the tester ‘s accuracy daily.
Test Blocks
q Always use the top surfice of the test block. The
bottom and side surfaces will not yeild the proper
hardness values.
q Always use a test block that is in good condition.
Do not use a test block if there is not at least 2.5
times the indent diameter between impressions.
q Do not use a test block which has had the old
indents ground off. You cannot be certain that the
machined surface will have the same hardness as the
original one.
Scales
If a tester is used throughout a given scale, check the
high, middle and low range of the scale. If only one or
two ranges are used, choose test blocks which fall above
and below the hardness numbers of those ranges.
9-12
Test Block Verification
Caution
Always use a pedestal spot anvil for
verification tests . Other anvils could
introduce errors.
Test
You should make a minimum of 5 tests on the block’s
standardized surface, which is designated by the WSL
symbol. Hardness values only apply to this surface.
Results
The tester is considered to be within verification if the
average of the tests falls within the tolerances engraved
on the side of the test block.
Test Failure
If the average of the five readings falls outside of the
Rockwell test block limits:
Maintenance
• Check the indenter. Replace the ball in the steel ball
indenter or use at least a 10x magnifier to examine
the point of the Brale diamond indenter. Replace the
Brale indenter if any damage is evident.
• Check that the mating surfaces of the indenter and
the plunger rod are clean and free of dirt, chips and
oil. These items prevent the indenter from seating
properly which will cause a invalid hardness test.
After you change an indenter or anvil, make several

tests to seat the components before taking a hardness
reading.
9-13
Troubleshooting M30-20600-1
Troubleshooting
To help you when a problem develops, Table 9-1
suggests a probable cause and recommends an action.
Do not operate the tester if you are unable to solve the
problem, contact Wilson Service.
Notes If you suspect that there is a problem with the

tester, always verify the tester with a verification
test block. If the tester does not yield the proper
results with the test block, have the results on
hand when you contact Wilson Service.
Before you contact Wilson Service, note the

model and serial numbers of the tester.
Table 9-1. Troubleshooting Guide
Problem Cause Solution
Tester does not power Open circuit. Check power to tester.

up.
Check power switch on

rear of tester. Refer to
page 7-2.
Check ON/OFF switch

on Control Panel. Refer
to page 7-2.
Check fuse. Refer to

page 9-7.
Unknown. Contact Wilson Service.
9-14
Troubleshooting
Table 9-1. Troubleshooting Guide (continued)
Incorrect hardness Unknown. Verify tester with Wilson

values. verification test blocks.
Refer to page 9-14.
Wrong load. Check that you are using

the proper indenter for
the hardness scale.
Refer to page 7-10.
Wrong indenter. Check that you are using

the proper indenter for
the hardness scale.
Refer to page 7-9.
Indent spacing. Check that distance

between indents is at
least 2.5 times the
diameter of indent. Refer
to page 7-9.
Damaged indenter. Replace indenter. Refer
Maintenance
to page 9-10.
Non-homogenous Use an indenter with a

specimen. larger area. Refer to
page 7-9.
Correction function on. Turn off Correction

function for non-cylindrical
specimens. Refer to
page 5-27.
9-15
Troubleshooting M30-20600-1
Table 9-1. Troubleshooting Guide (continued)
Incorrect hardness Anvil or indenter not Check that anvil and

values. seated. indenter are seated.
Anvil not appropriate for Select anvil which

specimen. supports specimen.
Refer to page 7-13.
Vibrations. Isolate the tester from

environmental vibrations.
Refer to page 3-7.
Specimen too thin. Specimen should be 10

times thicker than
indentation depth. Use
superficial scale for thin
specimens.
Specimen angle. Adjust specimen surface

so indenter is 90o to
specimen.
No output when you Open circuit. Check connection

press PRINT. between printer and
tester.
9-16
Chapter 10
Illustrated Parts
Outline
• Finding a part . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 10-2
• Tester . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 10-3
• Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 10-6
This chapter details replacement parts information.
Illustrated Parts
10-1
Finding a Part M30-20600-1
Finding a Part
Identifying
To identify a part from the illustration:
(a) Locate the part on the illustration.
(b) Refer to the item number of the part in the list.
(c) Refer to the description heading, and if necessary, the

option number.
(d) Refer to the part number and the quantity for the
corresponding item. The list quantity represents the
number of parts required per system.
Ordering
For fast and accurate service, make a note the following
information before you contact an Wilson
representative:
• The tester model and serial numbers.
• The Wilson catalog or part number of the
component you need to replace. Most components
have a part number tag or stamp.
• If applicable, the name, model and serial numbers of
any third party component you need to replace.
10-2
Tester
Tester
5 6
7
4 9
10 12
13
3
Illustrated Parts
2 11
650 SERIES
14
15
Figure 10-1. Replacement Parts
10-3
Tester M30-20600-1
Item Description Part No. Qty.
1 Power Supply 91832 1
2 Switches 91329 1
3 Weight Changer 91328 1
4 Weights Assembly 1
Regular 91326
Superficial 91325
Twin 91327
5 I/O PC Board 31940 1
6 PC Board (3 piece) 91826 1
7 Encoder 31877 1
8 Control Panel 31854 1
9 Trip Motor 91600 1
10 Screw Assembly 1
643/653 91353
644/654 91354
645/655 91355
646/656 91356
11 Drive Belt 1
640 31223
650 31778
12 Rear Panel 91876 1
13 Power Cable
100-120 930770318
200-240 930770330
10-4
Tester
Item Description Part No. Qty.
14 Screw Motor 91822 1
15 Screw Control Panel 91821 1
Not shown Light Bulb 31277 1
Illustrated Parts
10-5
Accessories M30-20600-1
Accessories
The following is a partial list detailing some common
accessories for the Series 600 testers. Contact your
Wilson representative for a comprehensive listing of
clamping fixtures, mandrels, anvils, test blocks,
indenters and other accessories.
Standard
Description Part No. Qty.
Anvils
Flat 2.5 in. diameter 1236 1
Pedestal Spot 1.0 in. stem 7156 1
Pedestal Spot 0.5 in. stem 7388 1
Standard V 30797 1
Shallow V 0.5 in. stem 7388 1
Shallow V 1.0 in. stem 7195 1
Ball indenters
1/16 in. 7201 50
1/8 in. 7202 8
1/4 in. 7203 4
1/2 in. 7204 2
Dust Cover 1
641/651 31123
642/652 31124
643/653 31125
644/654 31126
10-6
Accessories
Optional
Description Part No. Qty.
Brale indenters
Standard C 410 1
Standard N 2015 1
Standard A 6838 1
Carbide A 1
Test Blocks
Special Indenters
Special Anvils
Illustrated Parts
10-7
Accessories M30-20600-1
10-8
Accessories
10-9
Illustrated Parts
Index
A D
Additional load, 2-4 Date, 5-31
Additional load selector, 4-3 Delete screen, 5-29
See also Loads Depth, 2-2
ASTM standards, 2-5 Diamond
See Brale
See Indenter
B Dimensions, 2-2
DOWN, 4-7
Ball, 9-11
Base, 1-10
Brake, 1-11 E
Brale, 7-9, 9-10
Buttons Electrical specifications, 2-6
See Keys Elevating screw
Automatic, 4-6 to 4-7
Description, 1-11
C Manual, 4-4 to 4-5
ENTER, 4-10
CE, 4-10
ESC, 4-10
CODE, 4-10
Code setting screen, 5-12 to 5-13
Column, 1-10 F
Computer
Specifications, 2-8 to 2-9 Footswitch, 3-17
Configuration menu, 5-30 Format 1, 5-8
See also Setup Format 2, 5-9
Control panel, 4-9 to 4-14 Format 3, 5-10
CONV, 4-10 Format 4, 5-10
Cursory keys, 4-10 Frequency range, 2-6
Index-1
G
G Loads
Specifications, 2-4
Ground, 3-17
M
H
Major load
Height, 2-2 See Total load
Histogram, 5-10 Memory, 7-2
Menus, 4-11
Minor load
I See Preliminary load
Model designations, 1-3
Icons, 5-5
Indenter
Ball, 7-11 N
Brale, 7-10
Installing, 7-11 NUM, 4-10
Selecting, 7-9 to 7-12
Input power O
Setting, 3-12 to 3-15
Specification, 2-6 ON/OFF, 4-10
K P
Keys, 4-9 PARAM, 4-10
Parameter display screen, 5-15
L Parameter settings menu, 5-16 to
5-17
Lamp Symbol, 4-10 Penetrator
Language screen, 5-32 See Indenter
Line in, 3-17 Power, 4-2
Index-2
Q
See also Electrical specifications RS485
See also Standby mode See Computer
Preliminary
Specifications, 2-4
Preliminary load, 2-4
S
Preliminary load selector, 4-8
Service screen, 5-35 to 5-36
Preload errors, 4-5
SETUP, 4-10
PRINT, 4-10
Standby mode, 4-10
Printer, 6-2 to 6-6
Statistics
Printer mode, 6-2 to 6-6
Printing, 6-2
PROG LIST, 4-10
Statistics menu, 5-7 to 5-11
Programmed test
STATS, 4-10
Running, 8-7 to 8-8
Status display screen, 5-3
STOP, 4-7
Q Storage, 2-7
Quick test
Description, 4-13
T
ESC, 4-10
Temperature, 2-7
Running, 8-2 to 8-3
Temperature range, 2-7
TEST, 4-7
R Test block verification, 9-12 to
9-13
Ready for test, 5-5 Test operation screen, 5-4 to 5-6
Relative Humidity, 2-7 Test program menu, 5-14
Rockwell test, 1-5 Test space, 2-2
Funcitonal description, 1-12 to Throat Depth, 2-2
1-14 Time, 5-31
RS232, 2-8 , 3-17 Time parameters, 2-5
See Computer Times menu, 5-23 to 5-24
Index-3
U
Total load
Specifications, 2-4
U
UP, 4-6
V
Vapor barrier, 3-2
Voltage, 2-6
W
Weight, 2-3
Weight stack, 1-10
Width, 2-2
Wiring
CEE color code, 2-6
Index-4
Appendix
Outline
• Conversion Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page A-2
• Cylindrical Correction Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . Page A-7
• Minimum Thickness Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page A-9
This chapter contains reference information regarding
Appendix
hardness conversions, cylindrical corrections and
minimum thickness.
A-1
Conversion Tables
Conversion Tables
Table A-1 and Table A-2 detail the Wilson Conversion
Chart 60. When you refer to the table, consider the
following:
• Although conversion tables dealing with hardness
can only be approximate, it is of considerable value
to be able to compare different hardness scales.
These tables are based on the assumption that the
metal tested is homogeneous to a depth several
times as great as the depth of the indentation.
• The indentation hardness values measured on the
various scales depend on the work hardening
behavior of the material during the test, and this in
turn depends on the degree of previous cold
working of the material.
• The B-scale relationships in the tables are based
largely on annealed metal for the low values and
cold worked metals for the higher values. Therefore,
annealed metals of high B-scale hardness such as
austenitic stainless steels, nickel and high nickel
allows do not conform closely to these general
tables. Neither do cold-worked metal of low B-scale
hardness such as aluminum and the softer alloys.
Special correlations are needed for more exact
relationships in these cases.
• All values are consistent with ASTM E-140,
Tables 1 and 2 and ASTM-370 Tables 3A and 3B,
where applicable. Microfical number values were
developed in the Wilson Standard Laboratory.
A-2
Conversion Tables
Notes A 10 mm steel ball is used for 450 BHN and

below. A 10 mm carbide ball is used above 450
BHN.
The tensile strength relationship hardness is

inexact even for steel, unless it is determined for
a specific material.
Appendix
A-3
Conversion Tables
Table A-1. Conversions

Soft steel, gray and malleable cast iron and most non-ferrous metals.
A-4
Conversion Tables
Table A-1. Conversions (continued)

Appendix
A-5
Conversion Tables
Table A-2. Conversions

A-6
Cylindrical Corrections
Table A-3 details the Wilson Cylindrical Correction
Chart 53.
The corrections are approximate and represent the
averages to the nearest half Rockwell hardness number
of numerous actual observations. The values are
consistent with ASTM E18 Tables 6, 7, 13 and 14.
When you are testing cylindrical specimens, alignment f
the elevating screw, vee anvil, indenters, surface finish
and cylinder straightness will be seriously affect the
accuracy of the test.
Note
Appendix
The 15-N and 30-T scales pertain to Wilson
Rockwell superficial hardness tester which
apply light, preliminary and total loads for
shallow indentations.
A-7
Table A-3. Cylindrical Correction Chart 53
A-8
Minimum Thickness Chart

Table A-4 details the Wilson Hardness versus Minimum
Thickness Chart 55.
When you reference the chart consider the following:
• The values are approximate and you should use
them as primarily as a guide.
• X represent no minimum hardness.
• You can test materials thinner than the chart shows
on a Tukon microhardness tester. the thinness of the
specimen should be at least 1.5 times the diagonal
of the indent when using the Vickers diamond
Appendix
pyramid indenter and at least 0.5 times the long
diagonal when using a Knoop indenter.
• Values in chart 55 are consistent with ASTM E18
Tables 4,5,11 and 12 except for D and G scale
values which appear in Indentation Hardness testing
By Vincent Lysaght, © 1968 Wilson Instrument
Division, Instron.
A-9
Table A-4. Hardness vs. Minimum Thickness Chart 55
A-10

Wilson Series 600 Rockwell Hardness Testers: M30-20600-1 Issue A August 1995

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M30-20600-1

Issue A August 1995

Amendment Incorporation Record

Amendment Incorporation Record

Revision ECR No.

General Safety Precautions

Disconnect power supplies before

Shut down the hydraulic power supply and

Take care when installing or removing a

Keep clear of the operating envelope of a

Table of Contents (continued)

Table of Contents (continued)

4 Function of Controls 4-1

Table of Contents (continued)

4 Function of Controls (continued)

5 Screens and Menus 5-1

Table of Contents (continued)

5 Screens and Menus (continued)

Table of Contents (continued)

5 Screens and Menus (continued)

Table of Contents (continued)

5 Screens and Menus (continued)

Table of Contents (continued)

5 Screens and Menus (continued)

Table of Contents (continued)

5 Screens and Menus (continued)

Date and Time Menu 5-31

Table of Contents (continued)

7 Preparation for Use 7-1

Table of Contents (continued)

Table of Contents (continued)

Table of Contents (continued)

10 Illustrated Parts 10-1

Table of Contents (continued)

1-1 Series 600 Hardness Tester 1-2

1-2 Test Concept 1-5

1-3 Series 640 (Front View) 1-7

1-4 Series 650 (Front View) 1-8

1-5 Common Components (Rear View) 1-9

1-6 Tester (Simplified) 1-12

1-7 Test Sequence (Simplified) 1-13

2-1 Dimensions 2-2

3-1 Removing Shipping Material 3-3

3-2 Lifting Bar 3-5

3-3 Lifting the Tester 3-6

3-4 Leveling the Tester 3-8

3-5 Installing the Weights 3-10

3-6 Hanging the Weight Stack 3-11

3-7 Power Connector 3-13

List of Illustrations (continued)

3-8 Prying Out the Fuse Holder 3-13

3-9 Removing the Fuse Holder 3-14

3-10 Removing the Voltage Selector 3-14

3-11 Voltage Selector 3-15

3-12 Rear Panel (650) 3-16

4-1 Power Switch 4-2

4-2 Total Load Selector 4-3

4-3 Manual Elevating Screw, Series 640 4-4

4-4 Applying (left), Exceeding (right) 4-5