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SCIENCE
Quarter 3 - Module 3:
Week 3, Waves Around You
 What I Need to Know

This module is based on DepEd’s Most Essential Learning

Competencies (MELC) for Science 7, Quarter3, Week 3.

Learning Competency:
“Infer that waves carry energy.”(S7LT-IIIc-4)

This module was designed to provide you with fun and

meaningful opportunities for guided and independent learning at
your own pace and time. You will be enabled to process the
contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Infer that waves carry energy.

2. Differentiate transverse from longitudinal waves, and

mechanical from electromagnetic waves.

3. Relate the characteristics of waves.

The module covers the Introduction/ Learning Objectives,

Pre-Assessment, Lesson Proper, Generalization, Application, Post
Assessment, Additional Activity (optional).

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 Pre-Assessment

Before you start with the module, be sure to answer the pre-
assessment.

Directions: Read the questions carefully. Write the letter of

your answer on a
separate sheet of paper.

1.Which of the following can be a medium for a wave?

A. air B. space C. water D. all of
the above
2. Which is an example of longitudinal wave?
A. blue light C. water ripples
B. radio waves D. sound waves
3. What is a distance traveled by a wave in one period?
A. Frequency B. Period C. Speed of wave D.
Wavelength
4. Which of the following is the speed of a wave traveling with
a wavelength λ, frequency f, and period T?
� �
A. v = � B. v =� C. v = λ·f D. v = f·T
5. Which statements is TRUE about transverse wave? The
transverse wave ___.
A. have the same velocities
B. have the same frequencies
C. have the same wavelengths
D. the particles vibrate in perpendicular direction with
respect to the wave motion
6. Two wave pulses with equal positive amplitudes travel on a
cord approaching each other. What is the result of the
oscillations when the pulses reach the same point? It is
_____________________.

A. destructive interference with zero amplitude.

B. constructive interference with twice the amplitude.
C. constructive interference with the negative amplitude.

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 D. constructive interference with slightly greater amplitude.

The figure below represents a sea-wave that causes a small cork

(Z) to rise up and down through one complete oscillation every 4
seconds.

Refer to this figure for questions 7-10.

7. What is the amplitude of the wave?

A. 0.5 m B. 1.0 m C. 1.5 m D. 3.0 m
8. What is the wavelength of the wave?
A. 0.5 m B. 1.0 m C. 1.5 m D. 3.0 m
9. What is the horizontal speed of the wave?
A. 0.25 m/s B. 0.75 m/s C. 4 m/s D. 12 m/s
10. If the wave is moving to the right, after 4 seconds the cork
(Z) will be at what position?
A. P B. Q C. R D. S
11. Which line represents the wavelength in the diagram?

A. Between lines B and F C. Between lines A and C

B. Between lines E and G D. Between lines C and D
12. What is a medium?

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 A. Something between a small and a large
B. The substance through which a wave can travel.
C. A partner of vibration that stimulates when a wave is
standing still.
D. The distance from any point on a wave to an identical
point on the next wave.
13. What is the speed of a wave with a wavelength of 2.5 m and a
frequency of 6 Hz?
A. 8.5 m/s B. 12 m/s C. 15 m/s D. 18 m/s

14. Which describes the effect of water waves passing into

shallow water? Wavelength __________________________.
A. increases, frequency increases, velocity increases.
B. increases, frequency unchanged, velocity increases.
C. decreases, frequency increases, velocity unchanged.
D. decreases, frequency unchanged, velocity decreases.
15. What is the arrangement of gamma rays, X-rays, UV rays and
visible light in order of increasing wavelength?
A. gamma rays, X-rays, UV rays, visible light
B. visible light, UV rays, X-rays, gamma rays
C. UV rays, visible light, X-rays, gamma rays
D. gamma rays, visible light, UV rays, X-rays

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Lesson Waves Around You

What’s In
Word Search

A. Directions: Find the 16 hidden words found in the puzzle

diagonally, horizontally, and vertically below. Write your
answer on a separate sheet of paper.

I F O E L T E A C C E L E R A T I O N E K R T A
S K C O I O N L E T R I O N E E T U A O A E O J
W E I G H T Y J A S I M T E C T M O S A N E O N
L S K T M M T V O C I Y E N N Y T I V A R G J R
S F S T P K I M E U S N E S A O S R N N C I I E
A P W A E S C A I C L C S O L S P I L W C T N E
P S C O M C O O S I O E G C A O E L J R C N T M
T O I M R T L I T M C R M N B P E T R F N N N M
E B I I O K E A S C A O E A I N D I L N O O I T
E U E S U A V E I A E R Y I E R T I G O I Y N L
C P S G N T M U T N E M O M N S P N W T I H A A
I C N I M A G N E T I S M I H Y S S O W A V E T
I N E R T I A E C R O F E O A K T M N E N G W A
F R I C T I O N I M N E S L A N I E T N N A I M
E T N E L C B O S E O F P D A M H A E B C T A G

BALANCE JOULE SPRING SCALE INERTIA

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ACCELERATION WORK MOMENTUM WEIGHT
MOTION MASS FORCE GRAVITY
VELOCITY SPEED NEWTON FRICTION

Great Job! You have found them all. You still remember
your previous lessons. This time, you are now ready to
proceed to the next lesson. But before that, do the
activity first.

What’s New

Activity 1: How do we describe waves?

Different types of waves surround us. Light, water and

other forms of transverse waves may be different in the way they
help us in our daily living, but they share common properties.
These properties or characteristics are related to one another
physically and mathematically. A closer look into the
mathematical relationships among these properties of waves will
help us understand better the motion of waves.

Model I – Properties of Transverse Waves

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1. In model1, what do you call the highest part of the wave
labeled as A?______
2.What is the lowest part of the wave labeled as
D?_______________________
3. What do you call the distance between two successive crests
labeled as B?___________________________
4. What do you call the distance between two successive troughs
labeled as F?__________________________
5. What is the distance between the rest position and the crest
labeled as C?____________________________
6. What is the distance between the rest position and the trough
labeled as E? _______________________________

Model 2 – Comparison among frequency, wavelength, and amplitude

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1. Which wave(s) has the highest frequency? __________________
2. Which wave(s) has the longest wavelength? _________________
3. Which wave(s) has the lowest frequency? ___________________
4. Which wave(s) has the shortest wavelength? ________________
5. Which wave(s) has the lowest amplitude? ___________________
6. How will you compare the wavelength of Waves A and B?
_______ Which is longer? ___________ What about their
frequencies? _________________
7. Based on your answer in number 6, how is frequency related
to the
wavelength of the
wave?_______________________________________________

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 8. Which wave(s) has the highest frequency but shortest
wavelength? ______
9. Which waves have the same frequencies but different
amplitudes? _______
10. Which wave carries greater energy, Wave B or Wave C?
_________________

Try solving the problem set below.

1. A wave with a frequency of 15 Hz has a wavelength of 3 m. At
what speed will the wave travel?
G:

R:
E:
S:
A:

2. A wave traveling at 200 m/s has a wavelength of 2.5 m. What

is the frequency of the wave?
G:

R:
E:
S:
A:

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 What Is It

Whenever a medium is disturbed, there is a

corresponding observable change in it. When you throw a small
stone into the river, the water is disturbed, and circular waves
are formed.

Consider a boy at the side of the river where a toy boat is

floating at a distance not within the reach of the boy. The boy
wants to move the boat. How will he do that?

One-way to do it is to disturb the water to create waves.

The waves will eventually move the boat.

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 Based on what the boy did in the figure above, what is now
your idea of a wave? A wave is a disturbance propagated
through a medium in which energy is transferred. The medium
used in which energy is transferred is water, which is liquid
in form. Waves do not transmit matter, but they transmit
energy.

We have defined energy as the ability to do work and work

as the product of force and distance. Now consider a
transverse pulse moving along a spring toward the person
holding the far end. When the pulse reaches him/her, he/she
feels a force pulling up or down on his/her hand, and the
force will move his/her hand slightly. Thus, it does work on
his/her hand. The person who started the wave pulse put energy
into the spring, and this energy traveled in the form of a
wave to the other end.

The wavelength of a wave is defined as the distance

between any successive identical parts of the wave (Science
Learner’s Material for Grade 7). An example of a wavelength is
the distance between two successive crests or the distance
between two successive troughs. Another quantity that is used
in describing waves is the frequency (f). It is the number of
waves or vibrations that pass by a given point per unit of
time. On the other hand, the time required for one complete
wave or vibration to pass a given point is called the period
of a wave. The wavelength and the frequency of a wave are
closely related to each other. A higher frequency wave has a
shorter wavelength while a low frequency wave has a longer
wavelength. Try wiggling a rope up and down at a faster rate
and you will notice that the wavelength becomes shorter.
Another important property of a wave is the amplitude (A) or
height of the wave. It is the displacement of the wave from
the rest or equilibrium position. The amplitude is a measure
of how much energy the wave carries. The higher the amplitude
of the wave, the greater is its energy; the lower the
amplitude of the wave, the lower is its energy. When a person
wiggles or applies a quick, sudden pulse to one end of a
string, the person imparts energy to the pulse and does work
on the end of the string. This causes the end part of the
string to be displaced from rest position. The more wiggling a
person does on the rope means that more energy is given to the
pulse and more work is being done on the rope. This causes
greater displacement of the rope which means greater amplitude
of the wave.

The relation between frequency and wavelength can be expressed in a

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mathematical equation. The product of frequency and wavelength equals the
speed of the wave. In equation form, v = f , where v is the speed of the wave, f
is the frequency and  is the wavelength. This equation can be manipulated to
derive other equations in solving for unknown quantities. We can use these
simple diagrams in deriving the needed equation:
Solving for the speed of the wave, v:

If frequency, f is unknown: If
wavelength,  is unknown:

For electromagnetic waves that travel with the same speed,

the equation that relates frequency and wavelength is c = f 
where c is the speed of light equal to 3 x 108 m/s, f is the
frequency and  is the wavelength. Wave is expressed in
meter/second (m/s), frequency in Hertz (Hz) or vibration/s
(vib/s) and wavelength is expressed in meters (m).

Sample Problem:
1. A wave has a frequency of 100 Hz and a wavelength of 20 m.
What is the speed of the wave?
Given: f = 40 Hz
 = 20 m
Required quantity: v = ?
Equation: v = f 
Solution: v= (40 Hz) (20 m)
Answer: = 800 m/s

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2.The speed of a wave is 50 m/s. If the wavelength of the
wave is 0.5 m, what is the frequency of the wave?
Given: v = 50 m/s
 = 0.5 m
Required quantity: f = ?
Equation: v = f 
Solution:
Answer: 100 Hz

Types of Waves

There are two types of waves: the transverse waves and

the longitudinal waves. These are mechanical waves that
require a medium for propagation. Water waves and rope waves
are examples of transverse waves. On the other hand, light
wave is an example of electromagnetic wave, which does not
require any medium for propagation. Recall what you did when
you generate waves in a rope. When you disturb one end of the
rope, how did the rope waves travel with respect to the
direction of wave motion? Yes, rope waves travel in a
direction perpendicular to the direction of wave motion. This
kind of wave is what we call transverse wave.

Below is an illustration of transverse wave.

On the other hand, longitudinal waves are waves which

travel in a direction parallel to the direction of wave motion

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or parallel to the direction of vibration. The figure below
illustrates longitudinal waves.

Electromagnetic Waves
All electromagnetic waves propagate in a vacuum or
air with a speed 3 X 108 m/s. This speed is usually represented
by a small letter c. Electromagnetic waves are transverse
waves.
There are several types of electromagnetic waves,
classified according to their frequencies or wavelengths. The
electromagnetic spectrum describes the entire range of
electromagnetic radiation, arranged in order by their
frequencies or wavelengths. The special names assigned to
these waves are only convenient ways to locate a wave in the
spectrum. There is no sharp dividing point between the types
of wave. The following illustration shows an electromagnetic
spectrum.

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 The Electromagnetic Spectrum

What’s More
Activity
Mechanical vs. Electromagnetic Waves
How Do Waves Propagate?

Objective: After performing this activity, you will

differentiate between mechanical waves and electromagnetic
waves.

Materials needed:
A rope (at least five meters long)
Chart of the Electromagnetic Spectrum

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A. What are mechanical waves?
1. Straighten the rope and place it above a long table or
doorknob. Hold one end of the rope vibrate it up and down. You
would be able to observe a pulse.
2. When you created waves using a rope, you were able to
observe a moving pattern. In this case, the medium of wave
propagation is the rope.

Q1. What is the medium of wave propagation?

_______________________

3. The waves that you have created require a medium for wave
propagation. They are called mechanical waves.
Q2. How can you generate mechanical waves?
_____________________

4. All three kinds of waves- transverse, longitudinal, and

surface- are sent out by an earthquake and can be detected
many thousands of kilometers away if the quake is a major one.
Q3. What do you think is the source of earthquake waves?
___________
Q4. What is the medium of propagation of earthquake waves?
________

B. What are electromagnetic waves?

1. Energy from the sun reaches the earth through

electromagnetic waves. As opposed to mechanical waves,
electromagnetic waves require no material medium for their
passage. Thus, they can pass through empty space.

A smaller image of the chart is shown. Identify the common

name of each wave shown in the chart.

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1. 5.
2. 6.
3. 7.
4.

2. Examine the electromagnetic spectrum.

Q5. Describe the relationship between frequency and
wavelength of each electromagnetic wave.
_____________________________________________

What I Have Learned

To summarize what you have learned, complete

the following sentences:
1. ___________________ are disturbances carrying energy and
propagating in a medium or in a vacuum.
2. The _____________ and _______________ refer to the
highest and lowest point of a wave pattern.

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 3. Transverse waves consist of crests and troughs.
Longitudinal waves consist of ____________________ and
___________________.
4. Mechanical waves, like sound, requires a medium to
propagate. _______________________ waves can propagate in
a medium or vacuum.
5. Electromagnetic waves do not require a medium to
propagate ; some examples of electromagnetic waves are
_______________, _____________, ________________,
__________________, ____________________,
____________________, and _______________________.

What I Can Do

Directions: Copy and complete the graphic organizer on a

separate sheet paper of the different types/characteristics of
waves.

Post Assessment

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Directions: Read carefully the questions. Write the letter of
your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. What is the highest point of a wave?

A. amplitude B. crest C. trough D.
wavelength
2.What is the low point in a transverse wave?
A. crest B. rarefaction C. trough D.
wavelength
3. What is the distance that the particles of a medium move
from their resting position?
A. amplitude B. frequency C. wavelength D. wave
speed
4. What is the speed of a wave that has a wavelength of 4m and
a frequency of 3 Hz?
A. 1.14 m/s B. 7 m/s C. 12 m/s D. 16
m/s
5. Which of the following waves is a mechanical wave?
A. Light B. Microwaves C. Radio waves D.
Sound

For item numbers 6 to 8, refer to the given illustrations. The

shape of the four-unknown waves- 1, 2, 3, and 4, are shown
below. The time frame of these waves is 2 seconds from end to
end.

6. Which wave has the highest frequency?

A. Wave 1 B. Wave 2 C. Wave 3 D. Wave 4
7. Which wave has long wavelength?
A. Wave 1 B. Wave 2 C. Wave 3 D. Wave 4
8. How will you compare Wave 3 and Wave 4?
A. Wave 3 has higher frequency than Wave 4.
B. Wave 3 has long wavelength than Wave 4.
C. Wave 3 and 4 have the same wavelength.

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 D. The three waves have the same wavelength.
9. The speed of a wave is 75 m/s. If the wavelength of the
wave is 1.25 m, what is the frequency of the wave?
A. 60 Hz B. 80 Hz C. 93.75 Hz D. 100
Hz
10.The frequency of a wave is doubled when the wavelength
remains the same. What happens to the speed of the wave?
A. It doubles C. It is cut to one-half.

B. It quadruples. D. Remains unchanged

11. Which of the following statements is TRUE about longitudinal
waves? Longitudinal waves have the same _______________.
A. frequencies C. wavelengths
B. velocities D. direction of the vibration of
particles
12. A transverse wave is traveling through a medium. See
diagram below. How do particles of a medium vibrate?

A. parallel to the line joining AD. C. perpendicular to

the line joining AD.
B. along the line joining CI. D. at various angles to the
line CI.
13. What happens to the wavelength as a wave travels into a
medium with an increasing speed? Its wavelength ____.
A. decreases B. increases C. remains the same
D. none of these
14. What is the amplitude of the wave in the diagram below?

A. 0.03m B. 0.04m C. 0.05m D. 0.06m

15. What is wavelength of the wave in the diagram above

(Question #14)?
A. 0.030m B. 0.040m C. 0.060m D. 0.080m

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 Answer Key

What I Have Learned

1. Waves
2. Cres and trough
3. Compression, rarefaction
4. Electromagnetic waves
5. Radio waves, Microwaves, Infrared, Visible, Ultraviolet, X-
ray, Gamma ray

References:
Main Reference:

Asuncion, Alvie J, et.al, K to 12 Learning Module in Science

Pavico, Ma. Ferriols (2017), et.al, Exploring Life Through
Science Series (2nd ed.): PHOENIX Publishing House
Decella, Corazon B.,et.al,(2009), High School Science Today,
DIWA LEARNING SYSTEMS INC.
Internet Sources:
https://www.edhelper.com/ForcesAndMotion6303.htm

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