SALIH UTUTALUM V Comelec

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SALIH UTUTALUM, 

Petitioner, v. COMMISSION ON ELECTIONS and INDANAN


ANNI, Respondents.

A. Salazar for Petitioner.

Jose W. Diokno for respondent Indanan Anni.

Barrias & Perez for respondent Commission on Elections.

Ramon A. Gonzales as amicus curiae.

SYLLABUS

1. ELECTION LAWS; COMMISSION ON ELECTIONS; NATURE OF FUNCTIONS; POWER


TO POSTPONE ELECTIONS. — The functions of the Commission on Elections under the
Constitution are essentially executive and administrative in nature. Upon the other
hand, the authority to order the holding of elections on any date other than that fixed in
the Revised Election Code is merely incidental to or an extension or modality of the
power to fix the date of elections. This is, in turn, neither executive nor administrative,
but legislative in character, not only by nature, but, also, insofar as national elections
are concerned, by specific provisions of the Constitution, for, pursuant thereto, the
elections for Senators and Members of the House of Representatives and those for
President and Vice-President, shall be held on the dates "fixed by law" (Article VI, Sec.
8(1) and Article VII, Sec. 4, Constitution), meaning an Act of Congress. Hence, no
elections may be held on any other date, except when so provided by another Act of
Congress or upon orders of a body or officer to whom Congress may have delegated,
either its aforementioned power, or the authority to ascertain or fill in the details in the
execution of said power. There is, however, no such statutory grant of authority to the
Commission on Elections.

2. ID.; ID.; ID.; ID.; POWER TO POSTPONE ELECTIONS, WHERE VESTED. — Under
Section 8 of the Revised Election Code, the power to postpone an election is vested
exclusively in the President, although "upon recommendation" of the Commission.
Besides, the language of Section 8 indicates that the power therein granted must be
exercised before the election or not later than the date thereof. The provision therein to
the effect that "when for any serious cause the holding of an election should become
impossible" suggests that the non-holding of an election on the date fixed by law is
beyond the realm of possibility, and, consequently, not as yet an accomplished fact or a
past event. Again, the verb "postpone" implies that the authority conferred in said
section must be exercised before the date fixed by law for the election, or, at least, on
that same date, not eleven (11) days later, as in the case at bar.

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