Lec 1 B

12-14
The position of a particle along a straight-line path is defined by s = (t3 -

6t2 - 15t + 7) ft, where t is in seconds. Determine the total distance
traveled when t = 10 s (i.e. distance travelled in 10 seconds). What are
the particle’s average velocity, average speed, and the instantaneous
velocity and acceleration at this time?
s = t3 - 6t2 - 15t + 7
v = ds / dt = 3t2 - 12t – 15
When t = 0 s, v = -15 ft/s
When t = 10 s, v = 165 ft/s
For v = 0, 0 = 3t2 - 12t - 15
The positive root is t = 5 s
When t = 0, s = 7 ft
When t = 5 seconds, s = -93 ft
When t = 10 seconds, s = 257 ft
Total distance traveled
sT = 7 + 93 + 93 + 257 = 450 ft
vavg = ∆s /∆t =
(257 – 7)/10
= 25.0 ft/s
(vsp)avg = sT /∆t = 450/10 = 45.0 ft/s
a = dv/dt = 6t - 12
When t = 10 s, a = 48 ft/s2
12-25
If the effects of atmospheric resistance are accounted for a falling body

has an acceleration defined by the equation
a = 9.81[1 - 0.0001v2] m/s2
where v is in m/s and the positive direction is downward. If the body is

released from rest at a very high altitude, determine (a) the velocity when
t = 5 and (b) the body’s terminal or maximum attainable velocity (as t →
∞).
𝑑𝑣
𝑑𝑡 =
𝑎
𝑡 𝑣
𝑑𝑣
∫ 𝑑𝑡 = ∫
0 9.81[1 − (0.01𝑣 ) ]
2
0
𝑣 𝑣
1 𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑣
∫ 𝑑𝑡 = ∫ +∫
9.81 0 2[1 + 0.01𝑣] 0 2[1 − 0.01𝑣 ]
1 + 0.01𝑣
9.81𝑡 = 50 ln ( )
1 − 0.01𝑣
100(𝑒 0.196𝑡 − 1)
𝑣=
𝑒 0.196𝑡 + 1
When t = 5 seconds v = 45.5 m/s
𝑒 0.196𝑡 −1
When t → ∞ → 1, Thus v =100 m/s
𝑒 0.196𝑡 +1
12-43
The motion of a jet plane just after landing on a runway is described by

the a–t graph. Determine the time t′ when the jet plane stops. Construct
the v–t and s–t graphs for the motion. Here s = 0, and v = 300 m/s when t
= 0.
dv = a dt
For 0 ≤ t < 10, a = 0
Since v = 300 m/s at t = 0, for a = 0, v = 300 ft/s at t = 10 s.
For range 10 < t < 20 relation of a-t can be determined
−10 − (−20)
𝑎 − (−20) = (𝑡 − 10)
20 − 10
Thus a = t – 30 for 10 < t < 20
dv
𝑣 𝑡
∫ 𝑑𝑣 = ∫ 𝑎 𝑑𝑡
300 10
𝑣 𝑡
∫ 𝑑𝑣 = ∫ (𝑡 − 30) 𝑑𝑡
300 10
𝑣 = 0.5𝑡 2 + 30𝑡 + 550
At t = 20
a = -10 seconds, v = 150 m/s
For 20 < t < t’
a = - 10 m/s2
𝑣 𝑡
∫ 𝑑𝑣 = ∫ 𝑎 𝑑𝑡
150 20
𝑣 𝑡′
∫ 𝑑𝑣 = ∫ −10 𝑑𝑡
150 20
v = -10t + 350
v = 0 when t = 35 seconds
s-t graph
ds = vdt
For 0 ≤ t < 10, v = 300 m/s
𝑠 𝑡
∫ 𝑑𝑠 = ∫ 𝑣 𝑑𝑡
0 0
𝑠 𝑡
∫ 𝑑𝑠 = ∫ 300 𝑑𝑡
0 0
After integration s = 300t
If t = 10 seconds, s = 3000 m
10 < t < 20
𝑠 𝑡
∫ 𝑑𝑠 = ∫ 𝑣 𝑑𝑡
3000 10
But
𝑣 = 0.5𝑡 2 + 30𝑡 + 550
𝑠 𝑡
∫ 𝑑𝑠 = ∫ (0.5𝑡 2 + 30𝑡 + 550) 𝑑𝑡
3000 10
1 3
𝑠= 𝑡 − 15𝑡 2 + 550𝑡 − 1167
6
t = 20 seconds, s = 5167 m.
t > 20
𝑠 𝑡
∫ 𝑑𝑠 = ∫ 𝑣 𝑑𝑡
5167 20
v = -10t + 350
𝑠 𝑡
∫ 𝑑𝑠 = ∫ (−10𝑡 + 350)𝑑𝑡
5167 20
s = -5t2 + 350t + 167
t = 35 seconds, s = 6292 m.
12-84
The van travels over the hill described by equation as shown. If it has a
constant speed of v = 75 ft/s , determine the x and y components of the
van’s velocity and acceleration when x = 50 ft.
y = -0.0015x2 + 15
𝑦̇ = −.003𝑥𝑥̇
Or
𝑣𝑦 = −.003𝑥𝑣𝑥
If x = 50 ft
𝑣𝑦 = −0.15𝑣𝑥
𝑣 = √𝑣𝑥2 + 𝑣𝑦2 = √𝑣𝑥2 + (−.15𝑣𝑥 )2
Since v = 75, vx = 74.2 ft/s (towards left)
𝑣𝑦 = −0.15(−74.2) = 11.1 ft/s
𝑦̇ = −.003𝑥𝑥̇
𝑦̈ = −.003 (𝑥̇ 𝑥̇ + 𝑥𝑥̈ )
𝑎𝑦 = −0.003(𝑣𝑥2 + 𝑥𝑎𝑥 )
x = 50, vx = 74.2,
𝑎𝑦 = −16.5 + .15𝑎𝑥 (A)
Determine slope of hill at x = 50 ft
tanθ = dy/dx = -0.003x = -0.003 x 50 = -0.15
θ = - 8.53°
When van travels with constant speed acceleration in tangential direction

is zero.
at = axcos8.53 – aysin8.53 = 0 (B)
Solving (A) and (B)
ax -2.42 ft/s2
ay = -16.1 ft/s2
12-97
It is observed that the skier leaves the ramp A at an angle θA = 25 with

the horizontal. If he strikes the ground at B, determine his initial speed
and the speed at which he strikes the ground.
Let A is reference point xA = yA = 0
xB = 100 x 4/5 = 80 m
yB = - 4 - 100 x 3/5 = -64 m
vA-x = vA cos25
vB-x = vA sin25
xB = xA + vA-xt + 0.5axt2
But ax = 0
80 = vA cos25 X t (1)
yB = yA + vA-yt + 0.5ayt2
ay = -9.81 m/s2
-64 = vA sin25 x t – 4.9 t2 (2)
Solving (1) and (2)
vA = 19.4 m/s, t = 4.54 s
vB-x = vA-x = 19.4 cos25 = 17.6 m/s
vB-y = vA-y + ayt
= 19.4 sin25 – 9.81 x 4.54
= -36.7 m/s
𝑣𝐵 = √17.62 + 36.72 = 40.4 m/s

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12-14

The position of a particle along a straight-line path is defined by s = (t3 -

When t = 0 s, v = -15 ft/s

When t = 10 s, v = 165 ft/s

For v = 0, 0 = 3t2 - 12t - 15

The positive root is t = 5 s

When t = 5 seconds, s = -93 ft

When t = 10 seconds, s = 257 ft

Total distance traveled

(vsp)avg = sT /∆t = 450/10 = 45.0 ft/s

If the effects of atmospheric resistance are accounted for a falling body

a = 9.81[1 - 0.0001v2] m/s2

where v is in m/s and the positive direction is downward. If the body is

When t = 5 seconds v = 45.5 m/s

The motion of a jet plane just after landing on a runway is described by

For 0 ≤ t < 10, a = 0

Since v = 300 m/s at t = 0, for a = 0, v = 300 ft/s at t = 10 s.

For range 10 < t < 20 relation of a-t can be determined

Thus a = t – 30 for 10 < t < 20

𝑣 = 0.5𝑡 2 + 30𝑡 + 550

a = -10 seconds, v = 150 m/s

For 20 < t < t’

For 0 ≤ t < 10, v = 300 m/s

After integration s = 300t

s = -5t2 + 350t + 167

𝑣 = √𝑣𝑥2 + 𝑣𝑦2 = √𝑣𝑥2 + (−.15𝑣𝑥 )2

Since v = 75, vx = 74.2 ft/s (towards left)

𝑣𝑦 = −0.15(−74.2) = 11.1 ft/s

𝑦̈ = −.003 (𝑥̇ 𝑥̇ + 𝑥𝑥̈ )

𝑎𝑦 = −16.5 + .15𝑎𝑥 (A)

Determine slope of hill at x = 50 ft

tanθ = dy/dx = -0.003x = -0.003 x 50 = -0.15

When van travels with constant speed acceleration in tangential direction

at = axcos8.53 – aysin8.53 = 0 (B)

Solving (A) and (B)

It is observed that the skier leaves the ramp A at an angle θA = 25 with

Let A is reference point xA = yA = 0

yB = - 4 - 100 x 3/5 = -64 m

-64 = vA sin25 x t – 4.9 t2 (2)

Solving (1) and (2)

vA = 19.4 m/s, t = 4.54 s

vB-x = vA-x = 19.4 cos25 = 17.6 m/s

vB-y = vA-y + ayt

= 19.4 sin25 – 9.81 x 4.54

𝑣𝐵 = √17.62 + 36.72 = 40.4 m/s

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