6 HEALTH

Quarter 1
 Module
1
HEALTH Grade 6
PIVOT IV-A Learner’s Material

1
Quarter 1 Module 1
First Edition, 2020

Published by: Department of Education Region IV-A CALABARZON

Regional Director: Wilfredo E. Cabral
CLMD Chief: Job S. Zape, Jr.

Health
Quarter 1
Week 1-8

Development Team of the Module

Author: Sarah B. San Jose

Editor:
Reviewer:
Illustrator:
Layout Artist:
Management Team: , CID Chief
, SDO EPS In-charge of LR
Romyr L. Lazo, EPS In-charge of LR
, EPS Subject Area In-charge
Fe M. Ong-ongowan, Librarian
Lhovie A. Cauilan, Teaching Aid Specialist

Department of Education Region 4A CALABARZON

Office Address: Gate 2 Karangalan Village, Cainta Rizal
Landline: 02-868-257-73, Local 420/421
Email Address: lrmd.calabarzon@deped.gov.ph

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 Week
1-2
I Personal Health Issues and Concerns

Staying healthy is very important for us to do our everyday activities. There are
personal health issues and concerns that we need to know for us to manage our own
health.

After going through this module, you are expected to describe personal health is-
sues and concerns on height and weight, hearing , vision, skin, hair and nail problem, pos-
ture and spine disorders, and oral and dental problems. (MELC – H6PH – Iab – 18a-18b).

Learning Task 1: Read the words below. Tell what personal health issue or concern
does each one refer to. Choose your answer from the given words inside the box.

Write the answer in your notebook.

1. Myopia 6. Scoliosis
2. Overweight 7. Cavities
3. Impacted Cerumen 8. Corns
4. Stunted Growth 9. Sunburn
5. Ingrown 10. Halitosis

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Learning Task 2: Identify what personal health issues each statement refers to. Choose
the letter of the correct answer. Write your answer in your notebook.
1. The normal growth rate in a person has been reduced. This is called ___________.
a. Stunted Growth b. Astigmatism c. Overweight and Obesity
2. What term is used to describe a person whose body weight is considered too low to be
healthy?
a. Underweight b. Overweight and Obesity c. Stunted Growth
3. Far-sightedness which is also known as long-sightedness refers to what eye condition?
a. Astigmatism b. Myopia c. Hyperopia
4. This is a group of inflammatory diseases of the middle ear. What is it?
a. Otitis Media b. Swimmer’s Ear c. Impacted Cerumen
5. What is defined as excessive fat in the body that presents a risk to health?
a.Stunted Growth b. Underweight c. Overweight and Obesity
6. This is a common eye condition experienced by young people. The symptoms include
blurry vision, eyestrain, headaches and trouble seeing at night. What is it?
a. Astigmatism b. Hyperopia c. Myopia

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7. This is an infection in the outer ear canal. It happens when water is trapped in the ears
causing bacterial or fungal infection that spreads in the inner ear. What disorder is being
referred to?
a. Otitis Media b. Swimmer’s Ear c. Impacted Cerumen
8. What kind of medical condition in which the eye fails to produce tears cause by vitamin
A deficiency.
a. Xeropthalmia b. Hyperopia c. Astigmatism
9. What condition in which the eyes do not properly align with each other when looking at
an object.
a. Astigmatism b. Strabismus c. Myopia
10. Which of the following shows proper self-management?
a. Staying late at night
b. Eating healthy foods
c. Using cotton buds and hard objects to clean the ears

“Health is wealth.”

It means that a fit and healthy body is the real wealth of a person. A healthy body
is free from illnesses and diseases. A person who is healthy keeps doing things that are
good for the body like eating nutritious foods, exercising and getting enough rest and
sleep. We should be aware of personal health issues and concerns like height and weight,
vision and hearing. Knowing these issues will make us observe healthy habits and life-
styles for us to live a healthy life.

Here are the common personal health issues and concerns with regards to height and
weight, hearing and vision:
1.Body Measurement

A.Stunted growth means that the normal growth rate in

a person has been reduced. It is a primary manifestation of mal-
nutrition or under nutrition in early childhood. Malnutrition during
fetal development brought by a malnourished mother causes
physical health and poor brain development. Pregnant women
should observe healthy diet and lifestyle. Mothers should breast-
feed their babies for the first 6 months to prevent stunted growth.
B. Underweight is a term used to describe a person
whose body weight is considered too low to be healthy. A person
is considered underweight if the Body Mass Index (BMI) is less
than 18.5 or the weight is 15% to 20% below normal for the age
and height group. An underweight person should choose nutrient-
rich foods and do regular exercise.
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 C. Overweight and obesity are defined as excessive fat in
the body that presents a risk to health. A person is overweight or
obese if there is an increase body weight in relation to height. If the
Body Mass Index (BMI) is 15% to 20% above normal for the age
and height group, he or she is considered overweight or obese.
Some of the causes of obesity are poor diet like eating large amount
of food that is high in sugar, fat and carbohydrates and lack of exer-
cise. An overweight or obese person is likely to suffer from cardio-
vascular or heart diseases, diabetes and cancer.
2. Hearing
Ear wax, also called cerumen, is made by the body to protect the
ears. The ear wax has both lubricating and antibacterial properties. If it is
pushed against the eardrum by cotton buds or hairpins, it blocks the ear
canal and causes hearing problems. If impacted cerumen or hardened
earwax is untreated, it can lead to hearing loss, irritation, pain in the ears,
dizziness, ringing ears and other problems. Do not use cotton buds and
other objects. Instead, use soft cloth in cleaning the ears.
Swimmer’s Ear is an infection in the outer ear canal. It happens
when water is trapped in the ears causing bacterial or fungal infection that
spreads in the inner ear. If untreated, it causes severe pain, redness or
swelling of the outer ear and fever. This condition needs to be treated by
a doctor. It is advised to use ear plugs during swimming activities. Clean
your ears with a wet towel after taking a bath to avoid water getting into

Otitis Media is a group of inflammatory diseases of the middle ear. This

disease is common in children because the tube that allows fresh air in the
middle ear is not yet fully developed. Children experience middle ear in-
fections due to virus or bacteria caused by common cold. This may result
in pulling at the ear, increased crying, and poor sleep. As a remedy, apply
a warm moist cloth over the affected ear. You may also use over the coun-
ter medicines or eardrops to ease the pain. If the pain worsens, consult a
doctor.
3.Vision
You need a good vision to succeed in school as well as in your other activities out-
side school. As you progress in school, you are faces with increasing demands on your
visual abilities.
The size of prints in your schoolbooks becomes smaller; the amount of time you
spend reading and studying significantly increases. Increased class work and home work
also force your eyes to work harder. When your vision suffers, chances are your school-
work does, too.
Below are some common vision problems that pupils your age may
encounter.
A. Astigmatism is an eye disorder caused by the cornea being oval
shape rather than rounded. The more oval the cornea is, the more se-
vere the astigmatism is. The distortedor oval –shaped cornea blurs the
vision.
B. Myopia or nearsightedness is a vision problem wherein the eye
does not bend or refract light properly to a single focus to see images
clearly.Myopia is a refractive error and not a disease. If you are myopic
or nearsighted close objects look clear but distant object appear blurred.
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 C. Hyperopia or farsightedness is a vision problem wherein the
eyes have troubled focusing on things that are near or up close .If you
are hyperopic, your eyes are too “ short” from front to back thus causing
a blurred vision.
D.Xerophthalmia is a condition in which the eye becomes abnormally dry because it
can’t maintain enough layer of tears to coat its surface .The conjunctiva and cornea of the
eyes becomes abnormally dry may be due to wind ,dry air, working long hours on a com-
puter , or vitamin A deficiency among others. Most cases of xerophthalmia cause discom-
fort but don’t result in any permanent vision loss.
E.Strabismus is a vision problem in which the eyes are not properly
aligned and point in different directions. One eye may look straight
ahead while the other eye turns , inward, outward, upward, downward.
The eye turn may be consistent or it may come and go.
Proper care should be given to our eyes. Eat healthy food, get
enough sleep and exercise and use protective eye wear to prevent eye injuries. Visit your
eye specialist if you have problems about your eyes. Ophthalmologists are always ready
to give proper care and medication to your eye need.
4. Skin ,Hair and Nail
The skin is the largest organ in your body. Your hair is a modified type of skin which
grows everywhere in the body. Your nails are also modified skin. The skin, hair and nails
are protective structures of the body. Your skin protects the network of muscles , bones,
nerves , blood vessels, and everything else inside your body. Your hair serves also as pro-
tection, cushion and helps regulate body temperature. Your nails protect the sensitive tips
of your fingers and toes.
Some common health concerns regarding your skin, hair and nails are:
a. Sunburn is the reddening and inflammation of the skin due to overexposure to the
ultraviolet rays of the sun. In severe cases, blistering and peeling of the skin may occur.
b. Dandruff is a condition of the scalp marked by flaking of the
skin. Dandruff can start in early adolescence during puberty. Hormone
levels are high during puberty. This causes more oil production which can
lead to dandruff.

c. A corn is an area of hard skin near the bony areas of toes or

between toes. It may be caused by pressure from shoes that rub against
friction between the toes. It is like bubbles that contain fluids within the
upper layer of the skin.

d. A callus is a buildup of hard skin which is usually found on the

underside of the foot. It may also form on areas of the skin. Where there
is a lot of repeated rubbing or friction for a long period of time. The skin
hardens from the pressure over time and eventually thickens forming a hard tough grayish
or yellowish surface that may feel bumpy.

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 e.A blister is an area of raised skin with a watery liquid inside.
Blisters can form when your skin is repeatedly rubbed.

f.An ingrown toenail is a common condition in which the side or

corner of the toenail grows into the skin or soft flesh. The big toe is often
affected where the nail curls and pierces the skin. The result is swelling,
redness, pain and sometimes an infection.

5.Posture and Spine Disorders

Your spine or backbone is made up of small bones
called vertebrae (singular: vertebra), stacked on top of anoth-
er. It houses and protects your spinal cord. A healthy spine,
when viewed from the side, has gentle curves to it. The
curves help your spine absorb stress from body movements
and gravity. When viewed from the back, your spine should
run straight down the middle of your back.
When abnormalities of the spine occur, the natural curva-
tures of your spine are misaligned or exaggerated in certain
areas.

Common posture and spine disorders are:

1. Lordosis-refers to the excessive inward curve of the
lumbar spine at the lower back just above the buttocks.
2. Kyphosis-refers to the curvature of the spine that
causes the top of the back to appear more rounded than nor-
mal.
3.Scoliosis-refers to the abnormal curvatures of the spine
to the sides. The curve is often S-shaped or C- shaped.

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3.Oral/Dental Problems
Your oral health can indicate clues about your overall health. Your oral health is es-
sential to your general health and quality of life since some problems in your
mouth can affect the rest of your body. Some common oral/dental problems
are:
a. Dental cavities-also called tooth decay or carriers, are permanently
damaged areas in the hard surface of your teeth that develop into tiny open-
ings or holes. They are commonly caused by bacteria in your mouth, frequent
snacking, drinking sugary drinks, and not cleaning your teeth well.
b. Gingivitis-is a common and mild form of gum disease which causes,
irritation, redness, and swelling of your gums. The most common cause of
gingivitis is poor oral hygiene. If not treated promptly, gingivitis can lead to
more serious gum disease (periodontitis) and eventual tooth loss.
c. Periodontitis-is a serious gum infection that damages the soft tissue
around your teeth and destroys the bones that supports your teeth.
d. Malocclusion-refers to the imperfect or abnormal alignment of the
teeth and the way in which the upper and lower teeth feet together. Normally
the upper teeth overlap slightly outside the lower teeth. Malocclusion is often
hereditary,which means that this conditions is passed down from parents to
their children.
e.Halitosis-is the medical term for bad breath, which means an un-
pleasant odor of the breath of a person. It is usually caused by an accumula-
tion of bacteria in the mouth as a result of gum disease, food, or plaque.

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Learning Task 3: Write True if the statement is correct and False if it is not.
1. Stunted growth means the normal growth rate in a person has been reduced caused
by malnutrition or under nutrition in early childhood.
2. An underweight person has increased body weight in relation to height.
3. Impacted Cerumen is an infection in the outer ear canal that happens when water is
trapped in the ears causing bacterial or fungal infection that spreads in the inner ear.
4. Otitis Media is an inflammatory diseases of the middle ear due to virus or bacteria
caused by common cold.
5. Myopia or near-sightedness is a vision condition which people can see close objects
clearly, but makes far objects blurred.
6.Sunburn is caused when the skin is exposed to the sun for a short period of time.
7. Halitosis is also known as bad breath.
8. Lordosis is a medical condition in which a person’s spine is curving sideways.
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 9. Malocclusion is also called crowded teeth.
10. Periodontitis is also known as gum disease that affects the tissues surrounding the
teeth.

Learning Task 4: Complete the sentence with the correct word from the box below.
Write the answer in your notebook.
1. An overweight or ___________ person is likely to suffer from cardiovascular or heart
diseases, diabetes and cancer.
2. _________also called crossed eyes is a condition in which the eyes do not properly
align with each other when looking at an object.
3. Hyperopia or Far-sightedness is a condition where people have difficulty focusing on
objects that are up close but can see distant objects very well. It can be corrected by using
_____________.
4. Swimmer’s ear is an infection in the ________ ear canal caused by water that is
trapped in the ears causing bacterial or fungal infection.
5. Pregnant women should observe healthy diet and lifestyle to prevent ____________ of
their children.
6. The ___________ and __________ are hard and thickened layers of skin on the hand
and often on feet.

7. The____________ can be managed by using braces to correct the position of the teeth.

8. To minimize or prevent bad breath you should brush your teeth ____________.

9. Intense sunburn can cause skin cancer and deadly ______________.

10. The______________ is a common gum disease caused by bacterial growth that accu-
mulate on the teeth.

Strabismus outer stunted growth eyeglasses obese

Malocclusion regularly Gingivitis Corns and Calluses Melanoma

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Learning Task 5: Write True if the underlined word in the statement tells about the
correct personal health issue and concern. If not, change the underlined word to make the
statement correct.

1. Lordosis is a condition wherein the spine in the lower back has curved excessively.

2. Halitosis is an unpleasant odor present on the breath.

3. Calluses are like bubbles that contain fluids within the upper layer of the skin.

4. Malocclusion is a misalignment of the teeth and also called crowded teeth.

5. Cavities can be prevented by proper brushing of the teeth and regular dental check-up.

6. Sunburn is a skin condition that causes itching, drying and flaking of the skin on the
scalp of a person.

7. Blisters can be treated by cleaning it with antiseptic and applying antibacterial ointment.

8. Kyphosis are hard and thickened layers of skin on the hand and often on feet.

9. Gingivitis can be prevented by using soft toothbrush and avoiding smoking.

10. Periodontitis is a condition that affects the tissues surrounding the teeth and may result
to loss of teeth.

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 Week
3-4
I Self-Management Skills

Healthy lifestyle is very important for us to do our everyday activities. We need to

demonstrate self-management skills in handling different personal health issues and con-
cerns to help protect ourselves from illnesses.

` After going through this module, you are expected to demonstrate self-
management skills (MELC H6PH-Iab-Ia)

Learning Task 1: Study the pictures below. They show some of the healthy habits that
help you mange your health. Which of these do you practice regularly, and which of these
do you practice only once in a while? Why do you practice them regularly? Why do you
practice them once in a while?

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Learning Task 2: Let us find out how far you know the topic. Put a check (/) before the
number if the statement tells a good practice, and mark (x) if not.

____1. Brush your teeth once a week.

____2. Take a bath everyday.
____3. Visit the dentist at least twice a year.
____4.Wash your hands properly as often as possible.
____5. Eat a variety of foods and vegetables daily.
____6. Eat more fatty foods such as meat fat, fries. Burgers, and potato chips.
____7. Stay late at night playing computer games.
____8. Change underwear once a week.
____9. Drink eight or more glasses of water a day.
____10. Get enough exercise.

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Self-management encourages us to be responsible of ourselves by showing good
behavior and attitude in improving personal health. Looking after our health there is a
need to develop self-management skills like observing proper nutrition, proper hygiene,
regular physical activity, enough rest and sleep, good posture and oral or dental care to
prevent and control health issues and concerns. It reduces the risk of getting ill and acquir-
ing diseases.
Self-management refers to one’s ability to make wise or responsible choices in order to
achieve a fruitful, happy, and healthy life.
Here are some ways to develop self-management health skill:
Proper Nutrition
To grow, develop, and function properly, your body needs nutrients and energy
from food. Proper nutrition gives the body the protection and energy it needs.
Here are some ways to ensure proper nutrition:
1. Start your day with a breakfast because it is a very important meal.
A good breakfast fuels you up and gets you ready for the day so you can do bet-
ter in school and at home.
2. Eat a variety of fruits and vegetables daily. They are good sources of many vita-
mins and minerals needed by your body.
3. Avoid fatty foods such as meat fat, fries, burgers, and potato chips.
Fatty foods can cause hypertension. Avoid sugary foods, too, such as choco-
lates, candies, cookies, cakes, pies, and soft drinks. Too much sugar can cause diabetes.
If it cannot be avoided, make sure to limit your intake of these foods.
4. Make sure you drink enough fluids. Drink eight or more glasses of water a day.
5. Try eating more high-fiber foods such as whole wheat bread, beans,
whole grain, cereals, fruits, and vegetables. Water and fiber aid in digestion.
Good Personal Hygiene
Good personal hygiene is one of the most effective ways to protect yourself from
illness. Along with good grooming, it also helps you develop selp-confidence and makes
you feel good about yourself. The following should be part of your regular routine.
1. Take a bath regularly. Soap your body and shampoo your hair thoroughly.
2. Trim your nails. Keeping your fingernails and toenails trimmed and in
good shape will prevent nail infection. Dirt and bacteria are less likely to get trapped in
clean, short nails.
3. Brush and floss after every meal. Visit the dentist at least once a year for check-
up and cleaning. Regular oral care gives you a healthy smile.
4. Wash your hands properly and as often as possible. Wash your hands
before preparing food or eating , after using the toilet, after coughing or sneezing, after
playing, after handling garbage, and as soon as you get home,. Use anti-bacterial soap,
alcohol, or sanitizing gel.
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 Enough Rest
Sleep well. Get plenty of rest-eight to ten hours– at night so you will feel refreshed
and ready for the next day’s activities. Lack of sleep will make you feel very tired doing
your tasks for the day.
Regular Physical Activity
Get enough exercise. Your body is designed to move , walk, run, climb, and do
many other things. Movements
Build bones and muscles. The more energy you exert, the stronger your heart and body
will become. Regular exercise helps combat diseases. It helps you also burn calories. Cal-
ories are like fuels of the body. But sometimes, your body gains more calories than what it
needs. Excess calories are storedin your body as fat. So, the more calories you burn with
exercise, the fewer you store as fat.
Good Posture
Good posture is important for your health because it helps your body function effi-
ciently. Likewise, good posture adds to good physical appearance because it projects
poise, confidence, and dignity. Moreover, it also prevents fatigue, muscular strain, and
back pain. Many of the children with chronic back pain can trace their problems to bad
posture.
The best way to check your posture is to visit a physical therapist. Physical thera-
pists have special skills to evaluate and treat postural problems.
Proper Oral Care
Proper oral care includes brushing teeth and gums daily. It also includes undergo-
ing regular dental checkup, and getting necessary treatments such as fluoride application,
extractions, fillings, braces, and other orthodontic procedures.
Decrease the risk of developing tooth decay , gum disease, and other dental prob-
lems by doing the following steps:
* Brush thoroughly twice a day and floss daily.
* Eat a balanced diet and limit snacks between meals.
* Use dental products that contain fluoride.
* Rinse with a fluoride mouth rinse.
* Visit the dentist at least twice a year.

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 E
Learning Task – 3: Classify the following practices and self– management skills
that help you develop and maintain a healthy lifestyle. Write A if it is Proper Nutrition,
B if for Good Personal Hygiene, C if for Regular Physical Activity, D if for
Good Posture, E if for Enough Rest and Sleep, and F if for Proper Oral Care.
__1. Eat a variety of fruits and vegetables daily.
__2. Stand up straight and don’t slouch.
__3. Wash your hands before preparing food or eating, after going to the bathroom,
and after handling garbage.
__4. Refrain from staying late at night. Sleep from eight to ten hours.
__5. Have dental exams and treatments such as fluoride application, extrac
tions, fillings braces, and other orthodontics, if necessary.

Activity-4: Study the pictures and tell what practices and self - management skills they
refer to. Choose your answer from the choices below. Write your answers in your note-
book.
A. Proper Nutrition C. Proper Hygiene E. Regular Physical Activity B.
Enough Rest and Sleep D. Good Posture F. Oral or Dental Care

1.____________ 2.____________ 3.______________

4.________________ 5.________________ 6._______________

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 A
Learning Task 5: Write Yes if the statement shows self-management skills and No if it
does not. Write your answer in your paper.

1. Cover your nose and your mouth when you cough or sneeze.

2. Lean forward or lean back when you walk.

3. Skip meals.

4. Perform physical activity every day.

5. Doing household chores should be done twice a week to keep us physically fit.

Learning Task 6: Write Agree if the statement shows proper self-management and
Disagree if it does not. Write the answer in your notebook.

1. Eat meals that are nutritious.

2. Do not cover your nose and mouth when you cough or sneeze.

3. A healthy meal includes go, grow and glow foods.

4. Brush your teeth once a day.

5. Drink carbonated drink or beverage.

6. Don’t stay late at night.

7. Join in physical activities to make your body healthy.

8. Observe proper sitting, standing and walking to have good posture.

9. Use face mask when going out to protect you from viruses.

10. Practice proper hygiene at all times.

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 Week
5-6
I Importance of Regularly Undergoing
Health Appraisal Procedures
A health appraisal procedure is an evaluation of the health status of a person. It is
conducted to gather health information as basis of current level of fitness.
Health appraisal procedures serve the following purposes:
1. determine if you are fit to participate in school programs;
2. indicate which school program or selected aspects of program are suited
for you;
3. uncover any health problem which may require further treatment; and
4. provide an opportunity for the health workers to counsel the child and the
parents concerning the health problem uncovered.
In this module, you are expected to explain the importance of regularly undergoing
health appraisal procedures (MELC- H6PH-Id-f-21 and f-22)

Learning Task 1: Study the pictures. Tell w hat health appraisal procedure is

Breast Self - examination Hearing Test Height and Weight Measurement

Dental Health Examination Vision Screening Scoliosis Test

1._________________ 2._______________ 3.________________

4._____________ 5.______________ 6._______________

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Learning Task 2: Let us find out how far you know the topic. Copy the letter of the cor-
rect answer in your notebook.

1. Which of the following is NOT a purpose of health appraisal?

A. determine the child’s academic performance in the class
B. indicate which school program or selected aspects of the program is suited for
the child
C. uncover any health problems that require further treatment
D. provide counselling to the child and the parents concerning family problems
2. A condition in which the spine curves to the side.
A. Lordisis B. Osteoporosis C. Psoriasis D. Scoliosis
3. Which of the following is NOT a concern by the examining dentist?
A. gums B. mouth C. nose D. teeth
4. What is being evaluated in a hearing test?
A. dental function C. physical function
B. auditory function D. visual function
5. A chart that is used to measure visual acuity, or how well somebody sees.
A. color chart C. pie chart
B. number chart D. Snellen chart
6. An instrument that can help determine the severity of the curve of the spinal colon.
A. scoliometer C. audiometer
B. Snellen chart D. weighing scale
7. It is use to determine once weight.
A. scoliometer C. audiometer
B. Snellen chart D. weighing scale
8. It is an examination that the doctor or nurse practitioner check the women’s breast to
check any lumps and bumps and see if there are changes since the last exam.
A. hearing test C. breast self-examination
B. vision screening D. dental function
9. It is an efficient and cost- effective method to identify children with visual impair-
ment or eye condition.
A. hearing test C. breast self-examination
B. vision screening D. hearing test
10. A piece of medical equipment used for measuring human height.
A. scoliometer C. audio metric
B. Snellen chart D. stadiometer

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What is health appraisal and why is it important?
Health appraisal refers to series of procedures to assess and determine the health
status of the students or persons through the use of teacher’s observations, screening
tests, health histories or inventories, medical and dental inspections and psychological
tests. They are dependent upon the cooperative effort of parents, teachers, physicians,
dentists, health educators, nurses and others.

It is important to undergo health appraisal procedures regularly to detect or find out

health problems of an individual that needs appropriate medical treatment or attention.

What are the different health appraisal procedures?

A. Height and Weight Measurement
It is important to make sure your weight and height are proportionate to prevent
development of some diseases.
Steps in Taking Height Measurement
1. Ask an adult to help you fasten a measuring tape to a wall that has a flat sur-
face.
2. Remove your shoes and any hair ornament that may interfere with the measure-
ment.
3. Stand against the wall, with your back on the measuring tape. Make sure your
feet are flat together, and your buttocks touching the wall.
4. Look straight ahead.
5. Ask someone to take your height measurement using a flat headpiece. Let the
person mark where the bottom of the headpiece meets the wall.
Steps in Taking Weight measurement
1. Get a weighing scale and place it on firm flooring.
2. Remove your shoes. Stand with feet on the center of the scale.
3. Record your weight.
B. Breast Self-Examination for Girls
If you are a girl, it is important for you to learn to perform breast self-examinations
at least once a month. This will help you notice if there are any changes and allow for ear-
ly detection of any health concern. The best time to do a self-examination is about three to
five days after your menstruation starts. Do it at the same time every month.
Steps in Breast Self-Examination
1. Begin by looking at your breast in the mirror with your shoulders straight
and your arms on your hips. Try to check if the breasts are in their usual size, shape, and
color, without visible distortion or swelling, inverted nipples, redness, soreness, or rash.
2. Now, raise your arms and look for apparent changes.
3. Look for any signs of fluids coming out of one or both nipples.
4. Lie down, feelyour breasts, put your left hand on top of your head. Care
fully move your right hand in a circular motion around each breast and towards the arm-
pits. Then, raise your right arm on top of your head. Use your left hand to examine your
breasts.
5. Finally, feel your breasts while you are standing or sitting.
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Steps in Testicular Self-Examination
1. Stand and place your right leg on an elevated surface about the height of a chair.
2. Locate your right testicle by gently feeling your scrotal sac.
3. Roll the testicle gently but firmly between your thumb and fingers. Care fully ex-
plore the surface for lumps.
4. Repeat the procedure to examine the left testicle.

Hearing Test
A hearing (audiometric) test is a means of evaluating a person’s overall hearing
function. This test is used to determine if there is something wrong with the hearing
(auditory) portion of the inner ear. Hearing problems can be detected with the use of a
winding watch, tuning fork, or through the whisper test.
An audiologist has an extensive training and skills to do a hearing test.
Audiometer is an instrument use in conducting hearing or audiometric test.

Vision Screening
The purpose of a school vision screening program is to identify children with visual
impairments. Visual problems can affect their educational, social, and emotional develop-
ment. The Snellen chart is an eye chart that is used to test visual acuity or how well some-
one sees. It was named after its developer, Hermann Snellen, a Dutch ophthalmologist.
Though the visual acuity test, other visual impairments could be detected, such as near-
sightedness, far-sightedness, and astigmatism.
An eye doctor or ophthalmologist is the best person to assess a vision test.

Scoliosis Test
Scoliosis is a condition in which the spine curves to the side. It is likely present if the
following are observed:
* The head is not aligned to the center of the pelvis.
* If one of the shoulder blades is more prominent and the rib cage and waist are un-
even.
* One hip appears higher or is more prominent than the other.
* The entire body is leaning to one side.
Physical Examination
Every school child should have a complete physical examination and health evalua-
tion conducted yearly by the school physician or the family doctor.
A. health history
B. health appraisal
C. assessment of growth development and school progress
D. mental health evaluation
E. immunization status
F. health education and counselling
G. evaluation for participation in athletics
H. recommendations about the child’s health needs

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Dental Examination
A dental examination is not simply checking for tooth decay. The dentist needs to
check other concerns affecting your teeth, gums, and mouth so the needed treatment can
be started early.
If any health issue or concern is uncovered as a result of the different health ap-
praisal procedures undertaken, it should be reported to your parents and health personnel
so that you can be given proper medical attention.

E
Learning Task 3: Match the health appraisal procedure in column A w ith
the correct statement in column B. Write the letter of the correct answer in your
A. B.

1. Vision Screening A. It should be done regularly to detect any spine

problem.
2. Breast Self-examination B.This measurement should be done regularly to monitor
the health and growth of the child.
3. Height and Weight C. This should be done regularly to detect eye problems
measurement and diseases.
4. Scoliosis Test D. It should be done regularly to detect if there is breast
abnormalities.
5. Hearing Test E. It should be done regularly to find out if there are
hearing problems that need treatment.

A
Learning Task 4: Complete the sentence with the correct word or words from the
box below. Write the answer in your notebook.

1. Health examination is important to prevent _________ and to monitor persons’ health

status.

2. The measurement of __________ is used to track and monitor the health and growth of
a child.

3. To prevent problems of the ears, the person should undergo __________.

4. The child is suffering from toothache. He or she should undergo __________ for proper
care.

5. Marvin could not see near objects clearly. He went to the specialist for
a_______________________.

height and weight vision screening illnesses

hearing test dental examination

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Learning Task 5: Write True if the statement about health appraisal procedure is correct
and False if it is not.

1. Hearing test is used to determine how well a person can hear and to find out if there
are hearing problems.

2. Vision screening is a test to check the ability to hear loudness and pitch of the sound.

3. Height and Weight measurement is used to measure body mass index or BMI of a child.

4. Dental Health Examination is an examination to check the position of the spine.

5. Hearing problems may result to hearing loss if not treated appropriately.

6. Health appraisal procedure is a procedure to determine the health status of a person.

7. Scoliosis Test is a screening test to detect any spine problem.

8. Vision Screening helps a doctor checks the breast abnormalities.

9. Breast Self-examination is done from the age of puberty especially for girls if a girl
reaches 12 years old.

10. Dental problems can lead to serious problem if not treated early.

20
 Week
7-8
I Community Health Resources and Facilities

One of the most important and valuable resources a person can have access to are health re-
sources. Health resources refer to manpower, medicines, equipment, facilities, funds, and all other materi-
als and supplies that can be used to provide health care and services.

This lesson will help you identify the community health resources and facilities that
may be utilized to address a variety of personal health issues and concerns (MELC –
H6PH-Igh-23), and discuss the importance of community health resources and facilities.

Learning Task 1: Identify the community health resources and facilities in the
picture. Choose your answer from the box and write in your

physician nurse dentist

janitor canteen helper health center

1.____________ 2.______________ 3.______________

4.____________ 5.______________ 6______________

21
 D
Activity 2: Read the statements below. Tell the community health resources or facilities
being referred to. Choose the letter of the correct answer from the given words inside the
box. Write the answer in your notebook.

A.Cardiologist B. Nurse C. Drugstore

D. Dental Clinic E. Physical therapist F. Hospital
G. Surgeon H. School clinic I. Ophthalmologist
J. Barangay Health Center

1. It is a facility that offers dental or oral care.

2. This is a specialist for muscular disorders who give hands-on care and prescribed ex-
ercises to persons with injuries, disabilities and other health conditions.
3. Services like treatment, consultation, vaccination and surgery are being offered in this
facility.
4. This facility provides medical care to children, teachers and other school personnel.
5. This person is a specialist in heart problems and diseases.
6. This is a community health resource that assists doctors in giving health care to pa-
tients.
7. This specialist offers eye care to persons with eye problems.
8. Over-the-counter and prescription medicines that help in the wellness of people are
being sold in this community facility.
9. It is a facility that offers health services to people living in barangays or barrios.
10. This is a community health resource that performs operations and surgical related
cases.

Community human resources are health care specialists and providers who give
health services to people. They are very important because they do check-ups and give
advice or counselling to make the patients aware of their health status. Treatments and
medications are also offered for the people in the community to achieve a healthy condi-
tion.

Here are the community human resources and their roles or responsibilites that
they perform each day.

1. Physician or doctor performs physical and medical examination to diagnose or

know the diseases or ailments and gives advice on ones health needs.

2. Dentist gives dental care by checking the over-all status of the teeth and gums in
the mouth. He/She performs tooth extraction, cleaning, surgery and alignment like put-
ting braces or retainers.

22
3. A pediatrician is a specialist in children’s health and diseases. He/ She gives vaccines to
boost the baby’s immune system. He/ She monitors their growth and also prescribes medi-
cines if they are ill or not feeling well.

4. A nurse assists the doctor in giving health care. He/She checks the patient’s vital signs
like blood pressure and pulse rate. He/ She gives medicines to be taken in and shots or
injections to make the patient’s well.

5. A midwife offers health services to women during pregnancy and childbirth. She sees to
it that the mother and child are in healthy condition through check-ups and medicine pre-
scriptions.

6. An ophthalmologist or eye doctor treats persons with poor eye conditions and
diseases. He/ She performs eye surgery, eye corrections like eyeglasses and contact
lenses are available in his/her clinic.

7. A dermatologist specializes on skin problems and diseases, offers services like facial
treatment and surgery. He/ She prescribes creams and medicines for skin needs.

8. A physical therapist, is a specialist in muscular disorders. He/ She gives hands-on care
and prescribed exercises to persons with injuries, disabilities and other health conditions
that need treatment.

9. A cardiologist is a specialist in heart diseases. He/ She performs heart surgery or opera-
tion and also gives advice on how you are going to take care of your heart.

10. A surgeon performs operations and other surgical related cases.

Community health facilities like clinics, health centers and hospitals offer amenities
or services to address or help people on their personal health problems. They are treated,
given appropriate medications, and thorough attention on their health needs. Different re-
sources and facilities in the community can help save and preserve people’s lives.

Here are the community resources and facilities that provide amenities and ser-
vices to address the personal health issues and concerns of people.
Let’s learn the importance of each one.

1. Hospital-This is a facility for consultation, treatment, surgery and

hospitalization needs of patients. Different doctors or specialists
are working here to serve your health needs.

2. Nutrition Health Center. It is a facility that roll-outs programs like

advocacy on good nutrition, feeding program and giving of free vita-
mins and minerals for good nutrition. Nutritionists and other health
workers offer services here.

3. First Aid Stations. It is a station that gives emergency care or

treatment before medical aid can be given. First aid supplies are
kept here. Health volunteers, first aid helpers and providers are
here to respond to your needs.

23
4. Pharmacy.Medicines are sold in this store or facility. Pharmacists
work here to sell medicines and help patients on the use of prescribed
and overthe-counter drugs.

5. Dental clinic. Oral or dental care is being offered in this facil-

ity. Dentists are working here to treat gums and teeth problems.

6. Maternity clinic or Birthing center. This

facility provides care to women’s health during pregnancy, childbirth
and postpartum (after birth). Midwives and other health care work-
ers offer services to make sure that the mother and her baby is in
good condition.

7. Laboratory clinic. Laboratory tests in blood, urine, stool and

saliva as well as x-ray and ultrasound are offered here. Medical
technologists, other health care professionals and technicians work
here.

8.Barangay Health Center /Station.Health assessment for the

people in barangays or rural areas are being offered in this facility.
Barangay health workers (BHW) and health volunteers work in this
facility.

9. City Health Center. This facility offers health care to people

who are living in the city or urban area. Doctors, nurses, pharma-
cists, midwives and medical technologists work here.

10. School Clinic. This facility offers health care needs to chil-
dren, teachers and other personnel in school. Nurses and dentists
are working here to give health care.

24
 E

Learning Task 3: Read each situation carefully. Write the letter of the answer that
shows the importance of community resources and facilities in addressing a variety of per-
sonal health issues and concerns.

1. The pupils are playing in the playground. Somebody got injured. What should they
do? Why?
a. Bring the injured pupil to the school clinic for first aid or medical attention.
b. Go to the drugstore and buy medicine for the injured pupil.
c. Leave the injured pupil and return to the classroom.

2. Liza has difficulty in urinating. Her parents decided to bring her to a laboratory clinic.
Why?
a. For urine test
b. For nutrition counseling
c. For deworming

3. What is the importance of barangay health center or station to the people in the com-
munity?
a. For giving relief goods during typhoons
b. For entertainment news
c. For free health services like check-up and vaccination

4. The kids noticed a First Aid Station in the street. What is the importance of this health
facility?
a. For free medicines
b. For emergency care or treatment
c. For free training to those who want to be doctors

5. Dindo has developed rashes due to a very high fever. He is experiencing headache
and has been vomiting for days. They brought Dindo to the hospital. Why?
a. For dental assessment
b. For advice of proper nutrition
c. For immediate treatment

Learning Task 4: Complete the sentence with the correct word from the box below.
Write the answer in your notebook.

1. We buy over-the-counter and prescription drugs or medicine for our wellness or treat-
ment of diseases in the ____________.

2. There are designated areas for the ____________ to give emergency care or treatment
to people before medical aid can be given.

25
3. Pregnancy, childbirth and after birth of women are taken cared of by the ____________
in the community.

4. People who have illnesses or diseases are being brought to the ____________ for con-
sultation or treatment.

5. Eye problems or diseases are being evaluated or treated by an ____________.

6. The specialist in heart diseases is called a __________.

7. The __________performs surgical operations to patients.

8. The specialist in muscular disorder is called a __________.

9. Pediatrician is a specialist in the health and diseases of __________.

10. A community health resource that specializes on skin problems and diseases is called
a __________.

first aid stations pharmacy hospital cardiologist

ophthalmologist midwife physical therapist surgeon

children dermatologist

26
 Answer
Week 1-2—Personal Health Issues and Concerns

Activity 1 Activity 2 Activity 3 Activity 4 Activity 5

1.True 1.obese 1.True 6.dandruff
1.Vision 6.Posture & 1.a 6. a
2.False 2. strabismus 2.True 7.True
2.Height and Spine Disorder 2.a 7.b
3.False 3. eyeglasses 3.corns 8.Calluses
weight 7.Oral & Dental 3.c 8. a
4.True 4. outer 4.True 9.True
3.Hearing Problem 4.a 9. b
5.True 5. stunted growth 5.True 10.Gingivitis
4. height 8.Skin,Hair 5.c 10 b
6.True 6.corns & calluses
And weight & Nail
7.True 7.Malocclusion
5.skin, hair 9.Skin,Hair & Nail
8.False 8.regularly
And nail 10. Oral & Dental Problem
9.True 9.Melanoma

Week 3–4- Self-Management Skills 10.True 10.Gingivitis

Activity 2 Activity 3 Activity 4 Activity 5

1.x 6.x 1.C 1.Yes 1.Agree 6.Agree

2./ 7.x 2.E 2.Yes 2.Disagree 7.Agree
3.x 8.x 3.C 3.No 3.Agree 8.Agree
4./ 9./ 4.A 4.Yes 4.Disagree 9.Agree
5./ 10./ 5.D 5. no 5.Disagree 10.Agree
6.F

Week 5-6 Importance of Regularly Undergoing Appraisal

Activity 1 Activity 2 Activity 3 Activity 4 Activity 5

1.Vision screening 1.a 6.a 1.c 1.illnesses 1.True 6.True

2.Scoliosis Test 2.d 7.d 2.d 2.Height & Weight 2.False 7.True

3.Hearing Test 3.c 8.c 3.b 3.Hearing Test 3.True 8.False

4. Height & Weight 4.b 9.b 4.a 4.Dental Examination 4.False 9.True

5. Dental Health Examination 5.d 10.d 5.e 5.Vision Screening 5.True 10.True

6. Breast Self-Examination

Week 7-8 Community Health Resources and Facilities

Activity 1 Activity 2 Activity 3 Activity 4

1.physician 1.d 6.b 1.a 1.pharmacy 6.cardiologist

2.nurse 2.e 7.i 2.a 2.first aid station 7.surgeon

3.dentist 3.f 8.c 3.c 3.midwife 8.physical therapist

4.janitor 4.h 9.j 4.b 4.hospital 9.children

5.canteen helper 5.a 10.g 5.c 5.ophthalmologist 10.dermatologist

6.health center
27
 Reference

Astigmatism. Retrieved on June 10, 2020 at https://www.webmd.com/eyehealth/

astigmatism-eyes

Earwax Build up & Blockage (Cerumen Impaction): Symptooms & Treatment. Retreived
on June 10, 2020 at https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14428-ear-wax
builupblockage

Earwax. Retreived on June 10, 2020 at https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z guides/ ear-wax

Health 6, Teachers Guide

Home Remedies: Middle Ear infections. Retrieved on June 10, 2020 at https://
newsnetwork.mayoclinic.org/discussion/home -remedies-middle-earinfections/

How to reduce the risk of stunted growth. Retreived on June 10, 2020 at https://
www.weforum.org/agenda/2015/09/how-to-reduce-the-risk-ofstunted-growth/

K to 12 Health Curriculum Guide, May 2016, page 51

MELC Health 6 page 353

Myopia. Retrieved on June 10, 2020 at https://www.aoa.org/patients-andpublic/eye-and-

vision-problems/glossary-of-eye-andvision-conditions/myopia

Obesity-Causes. Retrieved on June 10, 2020 at https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/obesity/

causes

Swimmer’s Ear-Symptoms and causes. Retrieved on June 10, 2020 at https://

www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/swimmers-ear/symptomscauses/syc-
20351682

Underweight health risks: Causes, symptoms, and treatment. Retreived on June 10, 2020
at https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/321612

Underweight? Healthy Tips for adding pounds. Retreived on June 10, 2020 at https://
www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/nutrition-and-healthyeating/expert-answers/
underweight/faq-20058429

What are health consequences of being overweight?. Retrieved on June 20, 2020 at
https://www.who.int/news-room/q-a-detail/what-are-thehealth-consequences-of-
being-overweight

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Para sa mga katanungan o puna, sumulat o tumawag sa:

Department of Education Region 4A CALABARZON

Office Address: Gate 2 Karangalan Village, Cainta Rizal

Landline: 02-8682-5773 local 420/421

Email Address: lrmd.calabarzon@deped.gov.ph

29