Week

WEEK’S REVIEWER
August 29-3, 2022
PHILOSOPHY - STEM 11-YA-5P

Guide Question:
1. Read the following story:
 The Five Blindmen & an Elephants
 Plato’s Allegory of the Cave
 knowledge vs belief; reality and perception
 describes people who have lived chained to a wall in a cave and have only ever seen shadows projected
on the wall from objects passing the fire behind them.
 the shadows are their reality, but it isn't an accurate perception of the real world.
 to the prisoners, their visible world is their whole world.
 "the shadows represent the parts of reality we can perceive through our senses, and the objects casting
the shadows are the true forms of things we can only perceive through reason."
 the idea is that one of the prisoners, when freed, would come to the realization that their reality isn't
what they thought it was.
 the freed one's eyes, not used to the light, will be blinded by it. however, his eyes gradually adjust.
 the narrative assumes the freed prisoner would return and try to free their fellow prisoners, now
knowing how much more of the world exists outside the cave.
 however, the freed one, now unaccustomed to the darkness of the cave, will be unable to see.
 the prisoners would then think that the freed one's blindness was caused by his journey to the outside,
and would believe that they shouldn't go, lest they be harmed like him.
 "Plato concludes that the prisoners, if they were able, would therefore reach out and kill anyone who
attempted to drag them out of the cave."
 the cave/prisoners = "a cave of misunderstanding," those who believe the truth is based on evidence
gained from our senses
 the shadows = perceptions of the prisoners; "If you believe that what you see should be taken as truth,
then you are merely seeing a shadow of the truth."
 the freed one = the philosopher, one who seeks the truth beyond the cave
 the sun is analogically seen as the source of wisdom and knowledge.
 the cave is the imprisonment of man in ignorance and deception.
2. Differentiate Science, Philosophy & Religion.

 Science is investigative. This means it is able to describe the facts. It gives us knowledge of the facts.
 Philosophy is reflective and does more than describe. It goes to the underlying reality and to the causes.
It tries to do more than describe; it tries to explain the facts and therefore beyond giving us a basic
knowledge of the facts of nature and of life, it gives us some understanding of them.
 Religion accepts and believes. And in accepting and believing, it often goes beyond what is simply
knowable and understandable by men. Perhaps the best illustration of this is to give you three
questions, one that the scientist can answer, one that the philosopher can answer, one that the
theologian or religionist can answer.
3. What is Gabriel Marcel’s Reflection? And differentiate the two-reflection and give an example.
Marcel calls these two kinds of thinking “primary” and “secondary” reflection. Primary reflection examines its
object by abstraction, by analytically breaking it down into its constituent parts. It is concerned with definitions,
essences and technical solutions to problems. In contrast, secondary reflection is synthetic; it unifies rather than
divides. “Roughly, we can say that where primary reflection tends to dissolve the unity of experience which is
first put before it, the function of secondary reflection is essentially recuperative; it reconquers that unity”
(Marcel 1951a, p. 83).
4. What is the connection of the story of Plato’s allegory of the cave to the Marcel’s Reflection?
5. Define Philosophy to its etymological and historical definition according to Pythagoras.

 Etymological Definition of Philosophy. Philosophy comes from the Greek word Philo and Sophia. Philo
means Love. Sophia means Wisdom. Combining the two words, we have love for wisdom. Philosophers are
said to be lovers of wisdom. It was invented by Pythagoras.
 Historical Definition of Philosophy. While Pythagoras was watching the Olympic Games inside an
amphitheater, he noticed three groups of people. The first group went to the Olympic Games to make
money and gain profit by selling their goods inside. They were the “lovers of gain or pleasure.” These are the
businessmen. The second group of people was there to play games, to win, to compete, to fight in order to
win honor, prestige and fame. Pythagoras called them the “lovers of fame.” These are athletes as well as the
politicians. The third group went there to watch the games and be thrilled by the events unfolding.
Pythagoras called them the “lovers of Spectacle.” These are the audience, the viewers, the observers as well
as the game analysts.
 Lexical Definition of Philosophy. Lexical definition is a definition coming from the dictionary. Using a
standard dictionary, Philosophy is to be defined as something like this: “Philosophy is the study of the
ultimate reality, causes and principles underlying being acquired through the use of human reason alone”.
6. What are the different Periods and Branches of Philosophy?

THE FOUR DIFFERENT PERIODS IN PHILOSOPHY:
 Ancient Classical Philosophy - Cosmo-centric (Thales)
 Medieval Philosophy - Theocentric ( Thomas Aquinas)
 Modern Philosophy - Scientific and Rationalistic (Descartes)
 Contemporary Philosophy - Anthropocentric (Jean Paul Sartre)
KOMUNIKASYON AT PANANALIKSIK SA WIKA AT KULTURANG PILIPINO - STEM 11-YA-5P

Takda: Pag-aralan ang mga sumusunod, magkakaroon ng pagsusulit sa susunod na linggo.
OLFU BISYON
"Mapabuti ang tao bilang ganap na tao sa pamamagitan ng pagbibigay ng pinakamataas na antas ng edukasyon
at paghubog sa wastong kababang-loob at pag-uugali."
OLFU MISYON
Ang dakilang mithiin, "na mapabuti ang tao bilang ganap na tao" ay nakasalalay sa pagkakatatag ng Fatima
Medical Science Foundation an ng Our Lady of Fatima University, bilang institusyong pang-edukasyunal na tutulong sa
pangkalahatang pagbabago ng mga kabataang lalake at babae na nararapat magtaglay ng mga tamang kakayahan,
kahandaan sa paggawa, mga angkop na kaugalian at kagalingan pangkaisipan.
MAHALAGANG PAG-UUGALI
Through innovative learning strategies focused on strong and updated academic foundation with enhanced industry
skills and experience, a graduate of OLFU is expected to be an ACHIEVER. In the community and in the workplace, an
OLFU graduate will be known as a person who:
A – Aspires to do His Best/ Naghahangad na gawin ang kanyang kakayahan

C – Credible and Compassionate/ Mapagkakatiwalaan at Mahabagin
H – Hardworking and Honorable/ Masipag at Marangal
I – Inspiration to Others/ Inspirasyon sa iba
E – Efficient, Effective and Ethical/ Mabisa, epektibo, at kabutihang-asal
V – Visionary/ May pangarap
E – Entrepreneurial, Employable and Excellent Work Habits/ Negosyante, may trabaho, at mahusay na mga gawi sa
trabaho
R – Responsible/ Reponsable
1. Bisyon, Misyon, at Core Values

2. Wika (CANVAS)
3. Teorya o Pinagmulan ng Wika (CANVAS)
INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY - STEM 11-YA-5P
Tasks: Memorize OLFU Mission & Vision and advance reading of Week 1 (CANVAS)
OLFU VISION
A premier inclusive university of choice aspiring to improve man as man by developing individuals through a
legacy of excellent education and compassionate value formation.
OLFU MISSION
The Our Lady of Fatima University, together with Fatima Medical Science Foundation, Inc., is dedicated to the
improvement of man as man through the holistic formation of individuals imbued with knowledge, skills, and virtues.
OLFU CORE VALUES
Through innovative learning strategies focused on strong and updated academic foundation with enhanced industry
skills and experience, a graduate of OLFU is expected to be an ACHIEVER. In the community and in the workplace, an
OLFU graduate will be known as a person who:

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WEEK’S REVIEWER

August 29-3, 2022

PHILOSOPHY - STEM 11-YA-5P

2. Differentiate Science, Philosophy & Religion.

5. Define Philosophy to its etymological and historical definition according to Pythagoras.

6. What are the different Periods and Branches of Philosophy?

KOMUNIKASYON AT PANANALIKSIK SA WIKA AT KULTURANG PILIPINO - STEM 11-YA-5P

A – Aspires to do His Best/ Naghahangad na gawin ang kanyang kakayahan

1. Bisyon, Misyon, at Core Values

INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY - STEM 11-YA-5P

OLFU CORE VALUES

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