Group 21 So Hipolito, So Tanajura
Group 21 So Hipolito, So Tanajura
Group 21 So Hipolito, So Tanajura
An Action Research
Presented to the Research and Academic Affairs Division
NATIONAL FIRE TRAINING INSTITUTE
In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the
Fire Officer Advance Course
AUGUST 2022
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APPROVAL SHEET
PANEL EXAMINERS
NAME NAME
Member Member
NAME
Member
NAME
Chairman
Accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Fire Officer
Advance Course (FOAC Class 2022-01).
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
TITLE PAGE i
APPROVAL SHEET ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS iii
LIST OF TABLES iv
LIST OF FIGURES v
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT vi
Abstract 1
Context 5
Conceptual Framework 7
References 33
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LIST OF TABLES
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LIST OF FIGURES
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT
We would like to extend our sincere appreciation and profound gratitude to the persons
who helped us make this study possible. In particular, we are grateful to the following:
To ________ for his guidance and for competently providing much-needed comments and
suggestions which enabled us to work decisively until this work was finished;
To____________________, chairman during the pre-oral and final-oral defense, for his
To the respondents of this study for their cooperation and participation by giving the
To our respective families and loved ones for their never-ending support, which inspired us
Above all, to Almighty God for giving us strength, wisdom, and perseverance to make this
study possible.
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ABSTRACT
It has been observed that the Fire Code Assessors submit their reports late. This results to
late submission of the station to the Provincial Office, then the Regional Office and finally to the
National Office. The quality of performance of the station and the bureau in general is affected.
This action research aimed to resolve late submission of reports of the Fire Code
Assessors. The respondents were the six assessors from the six fire stations in the first district of
Albay. They were given a questionnaire that was sent through a Google form. The results were
encouraged. Logistical support will also motivate the assessors to perform better at work. When
these things are provided, we expect that the assessors will also deliver their responsibilities
Quality of service has been linked to organizational performance in most of the service
sectors including tourism, hospitality, healthcare, banking, education, insurance etc., since the
past several decades (Nair, 2016). Measurement of service quality has been a major issue and
Quality, however, has a broad meaning. It is widely used concept in describing the
standard or level of certain object or a certain person’s action. Quality is a subjective term which
should be defined by a person who needs to assess the quality itself. It is subjective, for the
quality of something differs depending on its attributes. This definition was supported by Ghylin,
et al. (2008). According to them, quality has been considered as being an attribute of an entity, a
peculiar and essential character of a product or a person, a degree of excellence and as a social
status.
In this study, the attributes of the quality that the researchers have assessed were the
quality of services and performance of the Fire Code Assessors especially in preparing and
submitting monthly reports. Their performance in terms of submitting the reports on time affects
the performance of the entire station, thus affecting the quality of service in general.
Related to this action research is the study of Cardona et al. (2008) who investigated the
performance of barangays in Vigan City. The research used the barangay secretaries as their
Community Tax Certificate (Cedula). They also investigated the frequency of barangay
assemblies and the maintenance of barangay facilities. Cardona et al., (2008) also tackled the
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assessment of the quality of barangay Health Programs, Barangay economic enterprise and other
mandated programs such as the garbage collection program which was an environmental
program.
To better understand this action research, there were theories to support and provide
rationale and define the aim of this study. The theories were the Goal-Setting Theory by Edwin
Locke (2006) and Service Theory and Practice by Ranaweera, Chatura; Sigala, Marianna (2015).
According to Latham and Locke (2006), the act of goal-setting is a form of performance
proficiency that indicates what the organization wishes to attain, usually within a specified time
period. Goal-setting theory focuses on the goals’ characteristics and the effect and efficiency of
different forms of goals. Also a key point is that the type and quality of the goal, in terms of
clarity and complexity, matters for subsequent performance of relevant and concerned actors.
This theory is related to this study because it has essential link to task performance and
emphasizing the goal to be done. It deals with the willingness of an organization to work to
attain the quality of services and provide a sufficient strategy to manage a framework that sets
out the best work and achieve a good result. Goal setting theory leads to better performance by
The Service Theory and Practice has evolved considerably and is being continuously
advanced by new, interdisciplinary approaches and perspectives that in turn have inspired new
ways of thinking, leading to new research directions. The concept of service science, proposed
by Maglio and Spohrer (2008) and substantially supported by industry initiatives (e.g. IBM), is
having a fundamental impact on how service systems should be designed and managed, and also
how service research is conducted. The research trends in co-creation, co-production, open
innovation and crowdsourcing are receiving considerable attention. This theory was useful in this
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study specially for molding and reforming the economy by emphasizing the necessity of
enhancing society's services, as well as having a significant impact on both the economy and
society's services.
As part of our present designations as Municipal Fire Marshal and Chief Operations,
respectively, one of the main responsibilities is to prepare monthly reports. One of these reports
is the one coming from the Fire Code Assessors. However, we observed that the Fire Code
Assessors would prepare and submit reports not meeting the required time. For three consecutive
months the reports have been late and inconsistent. Because of this, the stations have been issued
tracer reports, reminding the respective stations to submit such reports on time.
We assume that there are several factors that affect the promptness of submission of
reports by the mentioned personnel. There might be logistical deficiency in the station, for
example, lack of computers and printers. Perhaps they also need proper trainings to further
improve their competencies in preparing such reports. We assume that if these will be provided,
This action research sought to identify the factors that affect the quality of performance
of the Fire Code Assessors in terms of submitting reports. When these factors are identified,
recommendations will be drawn that will improve the over-all performance of the station.
method designed to diagnose problems or weaknesses which aims to develop practical solutions
to address the diagnosed problems and weaknesses quickly and efficiently. The general goal is to
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create a simple and practical improvement that leads to increasingly better performance in an
organization.
In the Bureau of Fire Protection, we recognize that the Fire Code Assessors (FCA)
play a significant role in every station. Handling documents and managing records are vital in
their work. They have to do it diligently so that they will avoid late submission of reports.
Through this action research, we would be able to give recommendations to improve the
efficiency of the said personnel in the main task assigned to them. We believe that the result of
this action research will bring improvement in the processes currently transpiring in the
department.
When the Fire Code Assessor of every station is able to submit pertinent documents on
time, the station will also be able to submit report on time to the Regional Office and the
Regional Office will be able to submit to the National Office on the assigned date. This is the
positive effect that we aim to bring forth through this action research.
As researchers, this study would benefit us to broaden our knowledge about the needs
and services in our department. We would understand more the current situation in every station,
especially anything that would affect the quality of performance of the Fire Code Assessors. This
action research would also benefit the future researchers who also want to conduct a research on
the same topic. This research will serve as their basis for their research.
Context
The Bureau of Fire Protection (BFP) was created by virtue of RA 6975 and is
responsible for implementing national policies related to firefighting and fire prevention as well
as the implementation of the Philippine Fire Code (PD 1185). The BFP is in charge of the
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administration and management of fir emergency services in every municipality and city fire all
The Revised Fire Code of the Philippines of 2008 is officially codified as Republic
Act No. 9514. This Act and R.A. No. 6975 designated and empowered the BFP as the
implementing arm of the Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG) for fire
control and protection, fire inspection, investigation and search and rescue.
It also penalizes acts of obstruction of emergency exits, fire hydrants and fir lanes,
overcrowding, locking fire exits, smoking in fire hazard areas, the removing, destroying,
obliterating, any authorized seals, signs, mark or tags, and the tampering, overloading and/or
Philippines. It is found in the Southestern part of Luzon. Its capital is Legazpi, the regional
center of the whole Bicol Region. Albay is divided into three congressional districts. It has been
The first district consists of Tabaco City in the northern part of Albay and the
recorded population of 373,947 in 2015. This district is the focus of the present study. There is a
Fire Station in every city and municipality. In every station, there is an assigned Fire Code
Assessor.
The Fire Code Assessor assesses Fire Code Fees for all Fire Safety Inspection
Certificate (FSIC), Fire Safety Evaluation Certificate (FSEC) and clearances applications within
the prescribed time. He/ She also prepares and issues order of payment slips for all the FSIC,
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FSEC and clearance applications. He/she makes sure that file records with all documents are
properly maintained and secured. It is also part of his/her job to prepare and submit List of
Payment Slips (LOPS) reports and monthly report with all accountable forms properly attached.
One of the most important tasks of the Fire Code Fee Assessor is to submit a
monthly report at the end of every month. It must be done on time. If the Fire Code Fee Assessor
submits it late, the report of the entire station is also late, hence the late submission to the
Provincial Office, Regional Office then to the National Office. When this happens, the station is
being issued a tracer report, the personnel of its performance and reminding them to avoid late
submission. Therefore, it is very important that the Fire Code Fee Assessors know the
importance of the promptness of submitting reports because it will have an effect to the over-all
performance of the station. The Fire Marshall, on the other hand, must constantly remind the Fire
Code Fee Assessor to prepare and submit the said reports diligently as a form of monitoring the
Assessors’ performance so that the station will be able to comply with the required reports on
time.
Conceptual Framework
frameworks capture something real and do this in a way that is easy to remember and apply. The
Input. This study looked into the factors that affect the promptness of submission of
reports of the assessors in Albay. These are the factors that in one way or another affect the
Process. In order to attain the objectives of the study, the researchers utilized the
descriptive method of research. Data were gathered through questionnaires via Google form.
Unstructured interview was also done to help the researchers gather more accurate information.
The gathered data were processed through percentage technique. Analysis and interpretation of
Output. Based on the gathered data, duly analyzed and interpreted, findings were
derived that became the basis of our conclusions. The results of the study were also the bases of
the formulation of a strong policy to successfully accomplish and submit the reports on time by
the assessors.
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Data Generation
members of the organization. This particular action research utilized first and second person
methods of inquiry. It is first person since as part of our present designations, we are able to
foster an inquiring approach to our own station or workplace. The aim is to act with awareness
and prudence and to assess the scenario based on our own observation.
Second person inquiry was also utilized because this action research approach involved
two or more people inquiring together about questions of mutual concern. In this particular
action research, the researchers and the research subjects are one and the same.
Data for this particular action research were derived through a questionnaire via Google
form. We also asked questions the respondents through an unstructured interview to clarify
matters that were left unclear based on the answers given by them in the Google form.
Role Duality
In doing this action research, we recognize the dual roles that we play of being part
of the organization as well as insider action researchers. There are obviously advantages and
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disadvantages of being such. Belonging to the organization under study, we are able to have
internal knowledge of what really is going on inside the station. We can observe by ourselves the
things going on in our stations. We can see the actual happening in a day to day basis. However,
it is more credible if the answers would come from the involved personnel themselves. In that
The disadvantages of the situation, however, include the difficulty in assessing and
critiquing the issue knowing that this would involve the performance of our colleagues. We have
to be analytical and at the same time careful that we would not offend our colleagues. We believe
that they are also doing their best of their abilities to be able to deliver quality performance not
only for our station but also for the entire department in general.
Organizational Politics
Having been in the bureau for quite some time, we have already observed many
things in the organization that need to be changed or improved. Despite of its efforts in
preventing and suppressing fire incidents, the BFP has been criticized for having a reputation for
corruption and inefficiency since its establishment. However, significant work has been put in
over the years to bring the BFP up to the level of competence and professionalism required to
Hence, a number of studies have been conducted to improve the policies in the
bureau. The BFP has its motto “to save lives and property”, but it is still in the spot of public
critiquing that it is corrupt and incompetent since the enactment of RA 6975. Nevertheless, the
BFP’s accomplishment and notable sacrifices in public service shows that they deserve
noteworthy recognition.
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business or any other sectors, politics is notably present. As we all know, organizational politics
are self-serving behaviors that employees use to increase the probability of obtaining positive
outcomes in organizations. Influence by individuals may serve personal interests without regard
informal processes of conflicts and co-operations in organizations, and their impact on the
employee as well as organizational performance. It may have different harmful effects, i.e.
In the present study, politics was very evident. When something need to be changed,
meaning, it will involve changing other people’s perception, work ethics, attitudes towards work,
among others, indeed people will definitely react. It is because it is difficult for a person or an
employee, for that matter, to go out of his or her comfort zone. However, since the situation calls
for it, then it would be good for the entire organization to change and to become better. It will
only happen if there is cooperation and support among the members of the organization. In this
To illustrate the various methods used in this action research, we used the Change
Management Process framework of Beckhard and Harris which explains that the change process
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begins with an assessment of why change is needed. In this case, the reason why there is a need
to change is because of the perennial problem in the organization which is late submission of
reports.
Following the recognition of the need for change, it is important to determine the end
product for such a change. A desired future state allows leaders to identify the gap between the
present and the future and how they propose to close that gap. The discussion of how to get
from the present to a desired future state represents the action or implementation stage. The
final step in the change process is to manage the transition (as cited in Cawsey, T., Deszca, G. &
where everyone strives to create and support an environment where people are committed to
serving and meeting the needs of the people it serves. The primary mandate of the DILG’s
Bureau of Fire Protection (BFP) – as its name says – is to protect life and property from fires.
But even before the agency’s creation in December 1990 by virtue of Republic Act 6975, the
state’s fire-fighting force is outnumbered by the number of civilian volunteers who at times are
better equipped.
Senior Supt. Ma. Luisa Hadjula, regional director of the BFP, said that although
they lack manpower and equipment, they are always ready to do all they can to carry out their
primary mandate. She said the lack of personnel is “a perennial problem” in the agency. She
earlier admitted that the the BFP lacks fire trucks and fire-fighting equipment.
Lack of human resource and equipment are still what we see as perennial problem in
the bureau. In this case, when the personnel do not have sufficient trainings for the assigned tasks
to them, not to mention the number or persons who are actually assigned to such tasks, it would
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be impossible to preforms the responsibilities diligently. The lack of equipment is also a big
problem which needs to be addressed. Therefore, these are the matters that need to be taken care
of in the bureau.
Having only been separated from the INP now the PNP the BFP although we are
very shorthanded our top brass officials and as well as ourselves believe and will always give the
best service we can to attain optimal care to our area of responsibility. It was also noted that
between 2013 and 2014 only 200 something or so personnel FO1 were recruited. That is a very
Constructing
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action, taking action and evaluating action. Before the first step of constructing, the purpose of
this action research was established. We have established the purpose and rationale of our
During the constructing stage, collaboration was done with the key people through
meetings and interviews to determine the factors that affect the late submission of reports of
Planning
or community plans to meet over a specific period of time. The development plan usually
includes time-based benchmarks. In the present study, the goal is to avoid the late submission of
The aim is to improve the quality of services of the bureau. In this study, it refers to a
measure of how an organization delivers its services compared to the expectations of people it
serves. One of the services of the bureau is to be able to deliver quality performance in terms of
action, task, or function. Clear and tangible manifestations or indicators of the effectiveness of
such performance should be present. An effective local monitoring system for every station must
be established to assist every station in attaining a target for a quality service and performance.
The following part discusses the results of the questionnaire sent to the six Fire Code
Fees Assessors. We prepared a Google form wherein the assessors were asked to answer.
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Figure 1
The first statement says I am NOT equipped with relevant trainings and seminars
regarding my work. It can be seen in the graph that 3 or 50% answered Agree, 2 or 33.3%
It can be deduced that the assessors agreed that they lack trainings and seminars
related to their work. It is obvious that when the personnel lack relevant trainings, it is
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possible that the personnel would not be equipped with knowledge, skills and competencies
relevant to his job. Therefore, we strongly recommend to provide the personnel with trainings
Figure 2
The second statement says I do NOT consider promptness and punctuality important in
my work. Based on the result, 5 or 83.3% answered Strongly Disagree and only 1 or 16.7%
This result is considered good because at least we could say that our assessors consider
promptness and punctuality as important factors to their job. They know that it is time element
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is important. This is very valid since as members of the BFP, time is highly important, not
only in submitting reports but more so when their job involves saving lives and properties.
When time would be disregarded, we do not know what would happen. We could lose
However, even with this result, it is still better if the assessors would be constantly
reminded to submit their reports on time. Proper monitoring is also highly encouraged.
Figure 3
The third statement says I am new at my job; thus, I still lack experience and
knowledge about it. The graph says that 4 or 66.7% answered Disagree and 2 or 33.3%
answered Strongly Disagree. This result means that the assessors are relatively not new in the
job. Perhaps they have been in the service for quite some time now.
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It is assumed that when personnel are new to their job, they still lack experience in
performing the tasks assigned to them. With enough experience, we could assume that the
personnel would also be confident about their job. With experience we could guarantee that
In fact, if in case there are challenges in the workplace, those who are considered
more experienced at work would be very willing to solve those problems or challenges.
Figure 4
The next statement says I am NOT provided with the necessary equipment or supplies
for my job. These equipment or supplies refer to the laptop/ desktop computers and printers,
as well as other supplies that are relevant to their job as they prepare pertinent reports.
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Based on the result, 4 or 66.7% answered Strongly Disagree and 2 or 33.3% answered
Disagree. The results tell us that the assessors do not have problem as regards logistical
support. The bureau provides these equipment and supplies that are necessary for their job.
sure that the assessors will not lack on these facilities. This is the support that they need so
that there is no reason for them not to be able to submit reports on time.
Figure 5
Next is the statement I do NOT get along well with my colleagues; thus, the work
environment is NOT conducive. Having a good relationship with colleagues is very important
in any workplace. Our colleagues provide support in time of difficulties. Having a conducive
environment is also very important. It means that our assessors must have conducive working
Based on the result, 4 or 66.7% answered Strongly Disagree and 2 or 33.3% answered
Disagree. Our assessors said that they Strongly Disagree; meaning, they are currently having
harmonious relationship with their colleagues. Having such, we could assume that they
support one another especially during those times that they need each other’s help or support.
However, even with this results, the organization could still provide teambuilding
activities among the personnel in a particular station, like for example. This will build
stronger camaraderie among the personnel including better relationship between the officers
Further, the bureau must maintain providing conducive atmosphere to the personnel.
Figure 6
The statement I feel like I'm NOT maximizing my full potential at work due to
unresolved issues got this result: 4 or 66.7% answered Strongly Disagree and 2 or 33.3%
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answered Disagree. This result tells us that our assessors are able to maximize their full
potential. This is good because it only says that the personnel are given challenges that are
equivalent to their competencies. They are also trusted by their officials especially when it
comes to tasks. When a person is given trust and confidence, that person will also do his best
Figure 7
The next statement I am UNaware of the relevance of Fire Code Fees and the BFP
Operational Procedures gave the result: 4 or 66.7% answered Strongly Disagree and 2 or
33.3% answered Disagree. The result shows that the assessors are aware of the relevance of
Fire Code Fees and the BFP Operational Procedures. These are highly important because
these are basic things that they must be aware of. Without enough knowledge on these, it
would be impossible for them to perform the basic tasks assigned to them.
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Figure 8
The next statement says There is NOT enough information dissemination and
educational campaigns about the importance of complying with the fire code and paying fire
code fees. It can be seen in the graph that 3 or 50% answered Strongly Disagree, 2 or 33.3%
Based on the result, it is good that they strongly disagree about not having enough
recommended to intensify the information dissemination and educational campaigns about the
importance of complying with the fire code and paying fire code fees. When the public is
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aware of this, they are also willing to comply with this requirement. Delay on the part of the
We could assume that if the public is not aware about what they need to comply, there
is also a tendency that they will not pay on time. Because of this, the report of the assessors
Figure 9
The second to the last statement says There is a delay in the application process for
clearances; thus, assessing the required fire code fee is affected. It can be seen in the graph
that 3 or 50% answered Disagree, 2 or 33.3% answered Strongly Disagree and only 1 or
It could be seen from the results that there was one assessor who Agreed on the
statement. Meaning, that assessor could have experiences a delay in the application process.
This delay has also caused a delay in assessing the fire code fee.
Figure 10
sense of fulfillment which leads to poor work ethics gave the result: 4 or 66.7% answered
Based on the results, our assessors feel appreciated in the workplace. We believe that
when a person is appreciated, he will have sense of fulfillment. In any organization, it is very
important that we value self-fulfillment among others. The administrators must take care of
the total well-being of the personnel. When they feel appreciated that will also reflect on their
performance.
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With this result, we still recommend to provide reward system to our personnel.
Rewards are very effective motivators to any person. These would help them to strive harder
at work. At the end of the day, they will feel sense of fulfillment that would lead to better
performance at work.
Having further studies and working on an action research while performing our
duties as members of the Bureau of Fire Protection is definitely not an easy task, especially for
us who have so much more to learn in conducting a research. Being highly technical and not
having enough experience in making a research, the task has been very challenging to both of us.
However, we embraced the challenge and found the experience very rewarding.
At first we did not know where to start, but when we were able to finally start,
everything went on smoothly. We may have encountered challenges along the way, but we were
able to surpass them. Still, the most challenging part was the time pressure. But with the help,
support and cooperation of our respective families, friends and colleagues, we were able to
We learned a lot of things while conducting this action research. Aside from the
technical aspect, which we realized there is so much more to learn, we also learned more about
our work. We realized that the Fire Code Assessors really play a vital role in every station. We
learned that the management should have concrete program such as succession program for
every Fire Code Fees Assessors. They should also be given relevant trainings pertaining
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documents and records management for that for us is the main reason why the documents are
Further, logistic element such as computers and printers also considered factors
for this problem. We see the importance of technical support given to the personnel for them to
be able to perform their duties and responsibilities at work. Even if they know what to do, but
there is an absence of the facilities and equipment to perform them, still that would be impossible
We also realized that the Human Resource Management should be implemented strictly,
provided that the management will provide concrete guidelines with regard the fire code fees
assessor. The bureau already implemented a guideline with regard the fire code fees collectors,
such that the fire code fees assessors do not have. They must work hand and hand to achieve the
We also see the importance of establishing intensive communication with the Local
Government Unit for every station. The organization cannot resolve all of the problems of the
bureau; therefore, we must have our initiative to utilize the support of our LGU’s.
Finally, we see the relevance of having good relationship among the members of the
bureau. Every challenges will be resolved if there is cooperation among us. We all acknowledge
the fact that interrelatedness plays a big part to the success of any organization.
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(Latham and Locke 2006:332), The role of goal-setting in urban climate governance,
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https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589811620300471
Ranaweera, Chatura; Sigala, Marianna (2015). From service quality to service theory and
practice. Journal of Service Theory and Practice, 25(1), 2–9. doi:10.1108/JSTP-11-2014-
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