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    Minerals and Rocks-1

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    Arish Vinluan
    Minerals are the building blocks of rocks and are solid materials that occur naturally with a definite chemical structure but no life. Minerals are composed of elements, which are the building blocks that make up atoms. Atoms contain protons, neutrons, and electrons. Minerals meet five requirements - they are naturally occurring, inorganic, solid, have a definite chemical composition, and an ordered internal structure. Minerals can be identified by their crystal form, luster, color, streak, hardness, cleavage, fracture, and specific gravity. Minerals are grouped into silicates, which contain silicon, and non-silicates, which do not contain silicon. Ore rocks contain useful metallic minerals like hematite and galena that

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    Minerals and Rocks-1

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    Arish Vinluan
    37 views2 pages
    Minerals are the building blocks of rocks and are solid materials that occur naturally with a definite chemical structure but no life. Minerals are composed of elements, which are the building blocks that make up atoms. Atoms contain protons, neutrons, and electrons. Minerals meet five requirements - they are naturally occurring, inorganic, solid, have a definite chemical composition, and an ordered internal structure. Minerals can be identified by their crystal form, luster, color, streak, hardness, cleavage, fracture, and specific gravity. Minerals are grouped into silicates, which contain silicon, and non-silicates, which do not contain silicon. Ore rocks contain useful metallic minerals like hematite and galena that

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    Minerals are the building blocks of rocks and are solid materials that occur naturally with a definite chemical structure but no life. Minerals are composed of elements, which are the building blocks that make up atoms. Atoms contain protons, neutrons, and electrons. Minerals meet five requirements - they are naturally occurring, inorganic, solid, have a definite chemical composition, and an ordered internal structure. Minerals can be identified by their crystal form, luster, color, streak, hardness, cleavage, fracture, and specific gravity. Minerals are grouped into silicates, which contain silicon, and non-silicates, which do not contain silicon. Ore rocks contain useful metallic minerals like hematite and galena that

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    37 views2 pages

    Minerals and Rocks-1

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    Arish Vinluan
    Minerals are the building blocks of rocks and are solid materials that occur naturally with a definite chemical structure but no life. Minerals are composed of elements, which are the building blocks that make up atoms. Atoms contain protons, neutrons, and electrons. Minerals meet five requirements - they are naturally occurring, inorganic, solid, have a definite chemical composition, and an ordered internal structure. Minerals can be identified by their crystal form, luster, color, streak, hardness, cleavage, fracture, and specific gravity. Minerals are grouped into silicates, which contain silicon, and non-silicates, which do not contain silicon. Ore rocks contain useful metallic minerals like hematite and galena that

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    Minerals: The Building Blocks of Rocks

    A mineral is a solid matter possessing a definite chemical


    structure that occur naturally but does not have life. It is
    commonly found in rocks. Some rocks are composed of two
    or more minerals. The building blocks of minerals which is
    made up of an atom is called element. Each atom has a
    nucleus (core of an atom) containing protons and neutrons.
    Orbiting the nucleus of an atom are electron (first and
    discovered by Joseph John or J.J Thompson). The number
    of protons in an atom's nucleus determines its atomic
    number and the name of the element. (Complex – many
    elements) (Protons – positive, Electrons – negative, Neutrons –
    neutral) (Rocks are first composed of minerals)

    Structures, Properties and Groups of Mineral


    Minerals are the building blocks of rocks; solid matter
    possessing a definite chemical structure that occur naturally
    but does not have life.
    Elements – building blocks of minerals.
    Substance (Mineral) must meet five requirements:
    1. Naturally occurring
    2. Inorganic
    3. Solid
    4. Definite chemical composition
    5. Ordered internal structure
    Properties of Minerals
    1. Crystal Form growth pattern of crystals of mineral determined by the
    environment (usually used for positive energy)
    2. Luster amount of light reflected by the surface of the mineral
    Types of Luster
    a. Metallic – opaque (hindi tatagos
    yung liwanag) and reflective
    b. Non-metallic – dull (minerals
    described by vitreous)
    c. Submetallic minerals that has
    somewhat metallic in luster
    3. Color – visual perception of color of the mineral.
    Types of Color
    a. Idiochromatic – self colored
    b. Allochromatic – other colored
    c. Pseudochromatic – false colored
    4. Streak – color of the mineral in its pure powdered
    form; reliable indication of color
    5. Hardness – degree of how hard the mineral can be
    scratched.
    ➢ Mohs scale – refer to standard hardness
    ➢ Diamond – hardest; 10 on scale, Talc softest; 1
    on scale
    6. Cleavage – splitting of crystals along a smooth
    surface
    7. Fracture – minerals splits away from its axis;
    splits in a direction possessing difficult indistinct
    cleavage
    Types of Fracture

    a. Conchoidal fracture results in a series of


    smoothly curved concentric rings about the stressed
    point, generating a shell-like appearance

    b. Irregular fracture results in a rugged or


    rough surface.

    8. Specific Gravity ratio of the weight of a


    mineral to weight of an equal of water (boxers
    practicing sa water)

    Mineral Groups

    1. Silicate – contain Si2O3; minerals have the


    silicon-oxygen tetrahedron as their fundamental
    building block

    2. Non-Silicate – do not contain Si; minerals are


    without silicon

    Ore rock contains useful metallic minerals-hematite


    (mined for iron); galena (mined for lead), mined for a
    profit, some nonmetallic minerals-fluorite and sulfur

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