Circles
Circles
Circles
INTRODUCTION
Circle : The collection of all the points in a plane, which are at a fixed distance from a fixed point in the plane,
is called a circle.
The fixed point is called the centre of the circle and the fixed distance is called the radius of the circle.
In figure, O is the centre and the length OP is the radius of the circle. So the line segment joining the centre
and any point on the circle is called a radius of the circle.
Chord : If we take two points P and Q on a circle, then the line segment PQ is called a chord of the circle.
Diameter : The chord which passes through the centre of the circle, is called the diameter of the circle.
A diameter is the longest chord and all diameters of same circle have the same length, which is equal to two
times the radius. In figure, AOB is a diameter of circle.
Arc : A piece of a circle between two points is called an arc. The longer one is called the major arc PQ and
the shorter one is called the minor arc PQ. The minor arc PQ is also de-remarked by PQ and the major arc PQ
by QP . When P and Q are ends of a diameter, then both arcs are equal and each is called a semi circle.
When two arcs are equal, then both segments and both sectors become the same and each is known as a semi-
circular region.
Solved Examples
Example.1 In figure, AB = CB and O is the centre of the circle. Prove that BO bisects ABC.
Solution. Given : In figure, AB = CB and O is the centre of the circle.
To Prove : BO bisects ABC.
Construction : Join OA and OC.
Example.2 Two circles with centres A and B intersect at C and D. Prove that ACB = ADB.
Solution. Given : Two circles with centres A and B intersect at C and D.
To Prove : ACB = ADB.
Construction : Join AC, AD, BC, BD and AB.
Proof : In ACB and ADB,
AC = AD [Radii of the same circle]
BC = BD [Radii of the same circle]
AB = AB [Common]
ACB ADB [By SSS congruency]
ACB = ADB. [By CPCT] Hence Proved.
Example.4 Prove that the line joining the mid-points of the two parallel chords of a circle passes through
the centre of the circle.
Solution. Let AB and CD be two parallel chords of a circle whose centre is O.
Let L and M be the mid-points of the chords AB and CD respectively. Join OL and OM.
Draw OX || AB or CD.
Example.5 is a line which intersects two concentric circles (i.e., circles with the same centre) with
common centre O at A, B, C and D (as in figure). Prove that AB = CD.
Solution. Given : is a line which intersects two concentric circles (i.e., circles with the same centre)
with common centre O at A, B, C and D.
To Prove : AB = CD.
Construction : Draw OE ⊥ .
Proof : The perpendicular drawn from the centre of a circle to a
chord bisects the chord.
AE = ED ...(i)
And BE = EC ...(ii)
Subtracting (ii) from (i), we get
AE – BE = ED – EC AB = CD. Hence Proved.
Example.6 PQ and RS are two parallel chords of a circle whose centre is O and radius is 10 cm. If PQ = 16
cm and RS = 12 cm, find the distance between PQ and RS, if they lie
(i) on the same side of the centre O.
(ii) on the opposite sides of the centre O.
Solution. (i) Draw the perpendicular bisectors OL and OM of PQ and RS respectively.
PQ || RS
OL and OM are in the same line.
O, L and M are collinear.
Join OP and OR.
In right triangle OLP,
OP2 = OL2 + PL2 [By Pythagoras Theorem]
2
1
(10) = OL + PQ
2 2
2
[ The perpendicular drawn from the centre of a circle to a chord bisects the chord]
2
1
100 = OL + 16
2
2
100 = OL2 + (8)2 100 = OL2 + 64
OL2 = 100 – 64 OL2 = 36 = (6)2
OL = 6 cm
In right triangle OMR,
OR2 = OM2 + RM2 [By Pythagoras Theorem]
2
1
OR = OM + RS
2 2
2
[ The perpendicular drawn from the centre of a circle to a chord bisects the chord]
2
1
(10) = OM + 12
2 2
(10)2 = OM2 + (6)2
2
OM2 = (10)2 – (6)2 = (10 – 6)(10 + 6) = (4)(16) = 64 = (8)2.
OM = 8 cm
LM = OM – OL = 8 – 6 = 2 cm.
Hence, the distance between PQ and RS, if they lie on the same side of the centre O, is 2 cm.
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(ii) Draw the perpendicular bisectors OL and OM of PQ and RS respectively.
PQ || RS
OL and OM are in the same line.
L, O and M are collinear.
Join OP and OR.
In right triangle OLP,
OP2 = OL2 + PL2 [By Pythagoras Theorem]
2
1
OP2 = OL2 + PQ
2
[ The perpendicular drawn from the centre of a circle to a chord bisects the chord]
2
1
(10)2 = OL2 + 16
2
100 = OL2 + (8)2 100 = OL2 + 64
OL2 = 100 – 64 OL2 = 36 = (6)2
OL = 6 cm.
In right triangle OMR,
OR2 = OM2 + RM2 [By Pythagoras Theorem]
2
1
OR2 = OM2 + RS
2
[ The perpendicular drawn from the centre of a circle to a chord bisects the chord]
2
1
(10)2 = OM2 + 12
2
(10)2 = OM2 + (6)2
OM2 = (10)2 – (6)2
= (10 – 6)(10 + 6) = (4)(16) = 64 = (8)2.
OM = 8 cm
LM = OL + OM = 6 + 8 = 14 cm
Hence, the distance between PQ and RS, if they lie on the opposite side of the centre O, is 14 cm.
Theorem : Equal chords of a circle (or of congruent circles) are equidistant from the
centre (or centres).
Given : A circle have two equal chords AB & CD. i.e. AB = CD and OM
⊥ AB, ON ⊥ CD.
To Prove : OM = ON
Construction : Join OB & OD
Proof : AB = CD (Given)
[ The perpendicular drawn from the centre of a circle to a chord bisects the chord]
1 1
AB = CD BM = DN
2 2
In OMB & OND
OMB = OND = 90º [Given]
OB = OD [Radii of same circle]
BM = DN [Proved above]
OMB OND [By R.H.S. congruency]
OM = ON [By CPCT]
Hence Proved.
Remark : Chords equidistant from the centre of a circle are equal in length.
Example.8 AB and CD are the chords of a circle whose centre is O. They intersect each other at P. If PO
be the bisector of APD, prove that AB = CD.
OR
In the given figure, O is the centre of the circle and PO bisects the angle APD. Prove that AB = CD.
Solution. Given : AB and CD are the chords of a circle whose centre is O. They intersect each other at P.
PO is the bisector of APD.
To Prove : AB = CD.
Construction : Draw OR ⊥ AB and OQ ⊥ CD.
Proof : In OPR and OPQ,
OPR = OPQ [Given]
OP = OP [Common]
And ORP = OQP [Each = 90º]
OPR OPQ [By AAS congruency]
OR = OQ [By CPCT]
AB = CD [ Chords of a circle which are equidistant from the centre are equal].
Check Point - A
1. Find the number of least non-collinear points required to draw a circle passing through them.
3. If two circles intersect each other, prove that the line joining their centres bisects the common chord at
right angle.
4. Find the length of a chord which is at a distance of 16 cm from the centre of a circle whose radius is 20 cm.
5. Two circles of radii 10 cm and 17 cm intersect at two points and the distance between their centres is 21
cm. Find the length of the common chord.
Answers
1. 3 4. 24cm 5. 16cm
Theorem : The angle subtended by an arc at the centre is double the angle subtended by it at any
point on the remaining part of the circle.
Given : An arc PQ of a circle subtending angles POQ at the centre O and PAQ at a point A on the
remaining part of the circle.
To Prove : POQ = 2PAQ.
Construction : Join AO and extend it to a point B.
Remark : For the case (C), where PQ is the major arc, (v) is replaced by reflex angles.
Thus, reflex POQ = 2PAQ.
Theorem : The sum of either pair of opposite angles of a cyclic quadrilateral is 180º.
Given : A cyclic quadrilateral ABCD.
To Prove : A + C = B + D = 180º.
Construction : Join AC and BD.
Proof : ACB = ADB ...(i)
And BAC = BDC ...(ii) [Angles of same segment of a circle are equal]
Adding equation (i) & (ii)
ACB + BAC = ADB + BDC
ACB + BAC = ADC.
Adding ABC to both sides, we get
ACB + BAC + ABC = ADC + ABC.
ADC + ABC = 180º
i.e., D + B = 180º
A + C = 360º – (B + D) = 180º [ A + B + C + D = 360º ] Hence Proved.
Example.9 If a side of a cyclic quadrilateral is produced, then the exterior angle is equal to the interior
opposite angle.
Solution. Let ABCD be a cyclic quadrilateral inscribed in a circle with centre O. The side AB of
quadrilateral ABCD is produced to E. Then, we have to prove that CBE = ADC.
Since the sum of opposite pairs of angles of a cyclic
quadrilateral is 180º
ABC + ADC = 180º
But ABC + CBE1 = 180º
[ABC and CBE form a linear pair]
ABC + ADC = ABC + CBE
ADC = CBE or CBE = ADC. Hence proved
Example.11 ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral whose diagonals intersect at a point E. If DBC = 70º, BAC
= 30º, find BCD. Further, if AB = BC, find ECD.
Solution. CDB = BAC = 30º ...(i)
[Angles in the same segment of a circle are equal]
DBC = 70º ...(ii)
In BCD,
BCD + DBC + CDB = 180º
BCD + 70º + 30º = 180º [Using (i) and (ii)]
BCD + 100º = 180º
BCD = 180º – 100º
BCD = 80º ...(iii)
In ABC, AB = BC
BCA = BAC = 30º ...(iv) [ Angles opposite to equal sides of a triangle are equal]
BCA + ECD = 80º 30º + ECD = 80º
ECD = 80º – 30º ECD = 50º.
Example.12 In figure, find the measures of ABD, CDP, PDA, CAB and CBD.
Solution. Clearly, ABD and ACD are in the same segment determined by chord AD.
ABD = ACD
ABD = 60º [Given ACD = 60º]
Now, CPD = BPA [Vertically opp. angles]
CPD = 90º [Given BPA = 90º]
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In CPD, we have
CDP +CPD +PCD = 180º
CDP + 60º + 90º = 180º
CDP + 150º = 180º
CDP = 180º – 150º = 30º
Since EDF and ADC are vertically opposite angles.
ADC = EDF
ADC = 85º
PDA + PDC = 85º
PDA + 30º = 85º
PDA = 85º – 30º = 55º
Since, CDB = CDP and CAB are the angles in the same segment determined by chord CB.
CAB = CDP
CAB = 30º
In ACD, we have
CAD + ACD + ADC = 180º
CAD + 60º + 85º = 180º
CAD = 180º – (60º + 85º) = 35º
Clearly, CAD and CBD are angles in the same segment determined by chord CD.
CBD = CAD = 35º.
Example.13 If the non parallel side of a trapezium are equal, prove that it is cyclic.
Solution. Given : ABCD is a trapezium whose two non-parallel sides AD and BC are equal.
To Prove : Trapezium ABCD is a cyclic.
Construction : Draw BE || AD.
Proof : AB || DE [Given]
and AD || BE [By construction]
Quadrilateral ABED is a parallelogram.
BAD = BED ...(i) [Opp. angles of a ||gm]
And , AD = BE ...(ii) [Opp. sides of a ||gm]
But AD = BC ...(iii) [Given]
From (ii) and (iii),
BE = BC
BCE = BEC ...(iv) [Angles opposite to equal sides]
BEC + BED = 180º [Linear Pair Axiom]
BCE + BAD = 180º [From (iv) and (i)]
Trapezium ABCD is cyclic.
[If a pair of opposite angles of a quadrilateral is 180º, then the quadrilateral is cyclic]
Hence Proved.
Example.18 Prove that the quadrilateral formed by angle bisectors of a cyclic quadrilateral is also cyclic.
Solution. Given : ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral. Its angle bisectors form a quadrilateral PQRS.
To Prove : PQRS is a cyclic quadrilateral.
Proof : In APB
1 + 2 + 3 = 180º ...(i)
In DRC
4 + 5 + 6 = 180º ...(ii)
1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 = 360º ...(iii)
[ Adding (i) and (ii)]
1
But 2 + 3 + 6 + 5 = [A + B + C + D]
2
1
= (360º) = 180º 1 + 4 = 360º – (2 + 3 + 6 + 5)
2
= 360º – 180º = 180º.
PQRS is a cyclic quadrilateral.
[ If the sum of any pair of opposite angles of a quadrilateral is 180º, then the quadrilateral is a
cyclic] Hence Proved.
Example.19 Two concentric circles with centre O have A, B, C, D as the points of intersection with the line as
shown in the figure. If AD = 12 cm and BC = 8 cm, find the length of AB, CD, AC and BD.
Solution. Since OM ⊥ BC, a chord of the circle,
It bisects BC.
Example.20 OABC is a rhombus whose three vertices A, B and C lie on a circle with centre O. If the radius
of the circle is 10 cm. Find the area of the rhombus.
Solution. Since, OABC is a rhombus
OA = AB = BC = OC = 10 cm
1 1
Now, OD ⊥ BC CD = BC = (10) = 5 cm
2 2
By Pythagoras theorem,
OC2 = OD2 + DC2
OD2 = OC2 – DC2 = (10)2 – (5)2 = 100 – 25 = 75
OD = 75 = 5 3
1 1
Area (OBC) = BC × OD = (10) × 5 3 = 25 3 sq.cm.
2 2
Area of Rhombus = 2 (Area of OBC) = 2( 25 3 ) = 50 3 sq. cm.
Example.21 In the given figure, AB is the chord of a circle with centre O. AB is produced to C such that BC
= OB. CO is joined and produced to meet the circle in D. If ACD = yº and AOD = xº, prove
that xº = 3yº.
Solution. Since BC = OB [Given]
OCB = BOC = yº
[ Angles opposite to equal sides are equal]
Check Point - B
1. Two angles in the same segment of a circle are (2x + 10)º and (x + 45º). Then x is equal to
2. One angle of a cyclic quadrilateral is twice its opposite angle. Then find the smaller of the two angles
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3. In the figure, O is the centre of the circle, find PQR
Answers
1. 35º 2. 60º 3. 123º 4. 140º 5. 90º
1. The tangent at any point of a circle and the radius through the point are perpendicular to each other.
Given : A circle with centre O. AB is a tangent to the circle at a point P and OP is the radius through P.
Then : OP ⊥ AB.
2. If O be the centre of a circle and tangents drawn to the circle at the points A and B of the circle intersect
each other at P.
Then : AOB + APB = 180º.
4. Its I If two chords AB and CD of a circle, intersect inside a circle (outside the circle when produced at a
point E).
Then: AE × BE = CE × DE.
6. For the two circles with centre X and Y and radii r1 and r2. AB and CD are two Direct Common
Tangents (OCT), then the length of OCT = (distance between centres) 2 − (r2 − r1 ) 2
7. For the two circles with centre X and Y and radii r1 and r2. PQ and RS are two transverse common
tangents, then length of TCT = (distance between centres) 2 − (r2 + r1 ) 2
8. If a circle touches all the four sides of a quadrilateral then the sum of the two opposite sides is equal to
the sum of other two. AB + DC = AD + BC.
TYPE (I) : VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS : [01 MARK EACH]
1. In Figure, two congruent circles have centres O and O'. Arc AXB subtends an angle of 75º at the centre
O and arc A'YB' subtends an angle of 25º at the centre O'. Then the ratio of arcs AXB and A'YB' is :
2. In Figure, AB and CD are two equal chords of a circle with centre O. OP and OQ are perpendiculars on
chords AB and CD, respectively. If POQ = 150º, then find APQ ?
4. If AB = 12 cm, BC = 16 cm and AB is perpendicular to BC, then find the radius of the circle passing
through the points A, B and C.
6. In Figure, if AOB is a diameter of the circle and AC = BC, then find CAB.
60º 50º
A B
9. In Figure, BC is a diameter of the circle and BAO = 60º. Then find ADC.
13. ABCD is such a quadrilateral that A is the centre of the circle passing through B, C and D. Prove that
1
CBD + CDB = BAD
2
14. If a line is drawn parallel to the base of an isosceles triangle to intersect its equal sides, prove that the
quadrilateral so formed is cyclic.
15. In Figure, AB is a diameter, ADC = 130º and chord BC = chord BE. Find CBE.
C
D
130
A B
O
E
16. Two circles with centres O and O' intersect at two points A and B. A line PQ is drawn parallel to OO'
through A(or B) intersecting the circles at P and Q. Prove that PQ = 2 OO'.
17. In Figure, AOB is a diameter of the circle and C, D, E are any three points on the semi-circle. Find the
value of ACD + BED
18. In Figure, OAB = 30º and OCB = 57º. Find BOC and AOC.
19. Prove that among all the chords of a circle passing through a given point inside the circle that one is
smallest which is perpendicular to the diameter passing through the point.
21. Prove that angle bisector of any angle of a triangle and perpendicular bisector of the opposite side if
intersect, they will intersect on the circumcircle of the triangle.
23. In Figure, AB and CD are two chords of a circle intersecting each other at point E. Prove that AEC = 2
(Angle subtended by arc CXA at centre + angle subtended by arc DYB at the centre).
24. A circle has radius 2 cm. It is divided into two segments by a chord of length 2 cm. Prove that the
angle subtended by the chord at a point in major segment is 45º.
25. AB and AC are two chords of a circle of radius r such that AB = 2AC. If p and q are the distances of
AB and AC from the centre, prove that 4q2 = p2 + 3r2.
SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
Section (A) : Chord properties of Circles
A-1. The radius of a circle is 13 cm and the length of one of its chords is 10 cm. Find the distance of the
chord from the centre.
A-2. In figure, O is the centre of the circle of radius 5 cm. OP ⊥ AB, OQ ⊥ CD, AB || CD, AB = 6 cm and
CD = 8 cm. Determine PQ.
A-3. AB and CD are two parallel chords of a circle such that AB = 10 cm and CD = 24 cm. If the chords are
on the opposite side of the centre and the distance between them is 17 cm, find the radius of the circle.
A-4. In a circle of radius 5 cm, AB and AC are two chords such that AB = AC = 6 cm. Find the length of the
chord BC.
A-5. A circular park of radius 20 m is situated in a colony. Three boys Ankur, Syed and David are sitting at
equal distances on its boundary each having a toy telephone in his hands to talk to each other. Find the
length of the string of each phone.
B-3. A chord of a circle is equal to the radius of the circle, find the angle subtended by the chord at a point
on the minor arc and also at a point on the major arc.
B-6. In the given figure, the chord ED is parallel to the diameter AC. Find CED.
B-7. In the given figure, P is the centre of the circle. Prove that : XPZ = 2 (XZY + YXZ).
B-8. In a circle with centre O, chords AB and CD intersects inside the circumference at E. Prove that
AOC + BOD = 2AEC.
B-10. If two sides of a cyclic quadrilateral are parallel, prove that the remaining two sides are equal and the
diagonals are also equal.
B-11. D is a point on the circumcircle of ABC in which AB = AC such that B and D are on the opposite side
of line AC. If CD is produced to a point E such that CE = BD, prove that AD = AE.
B-12. Two circles intersect at two points B and C. Through B, two line segments ABD and PBQ are drawn to
intersect the circles at A, D and P, Q respectively as shown in figure. Prove that ACP = QCD.
B-13. In the figure given below, two circles intersect at A and D, and AC, AB are respectively the diameters
of the circles. Prove that the points C, D, B are collinear.
B-15. Bisectors of angles A, B and C of a triangle ABC intersect its circumcircle at D, E and F respectively.
1 1 C
Prove that the angles of the triangle DEF are 90º – A, 90º – B and 90º – .
2 2 2
A-3. O is the centre of a circle, AB and CD are two chords of the circle. OM ⊥ AB and ON ⊥ CD. If OM =
ON = 3 cm and AM = BM = 4.5 cm, then CD =
A-4. If AB CD , then :
B-2. In the diagram, O is the centre of the circle. The angles CBD is equal to :
B-4. In the given figure, if C is the centre of the circle and PQC = 25º and PRC = 15º, then QCR is
equal to :
B-5. The sides BA and CD of a cyclic quadrilateral ABCD are produced to meet at P, the sides DA and CB
are produced to meet at Q. If ADC = 85º and BPC = 40º, then CQD equals :
(A) 50º (B) 45º (C) 30º (D) 75º
B-6. In the given figure, if ACB = 40º, DPB = 120º, then y will be :
B-7. In a cyclic quadrilateral if A – C = 70º, then the greater of the angles A and C is equal to :
(A) 95º (B) 105º (C) 125º (D) 115º
B-8. The length of a chord of a circle is equal to the radius of the circle. The angle which this chord subtends
on the longer segment of the circle is equal to :
(A) 30º (B) 45º (C) 60º (D) 90º
B-9. In the given figure, AB = BC = CD, If BAC = 25º, then value of AED is :
(A) x + y = 90º (B) x – y = 90º (C) t + 2yº = 90º (D) None of these
B-11. O is the centre of the circle. BC is a chord of the circle and point A lies on the circle. If BAC = x,
OBC = y, then x + y :
(A) > 90º (B) = 90º (C) < 90º (D) > 180º
EXERCISE – 02
OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
1. Let P be a point on the circumference of a circle. Perpendiculars PA and PB are drawn to points A and
B on two mutually perpendicular diameters. If AB = 36 cm, the diameter of the circle is :
(A) 16 cm (B) 24 cm (C) 36 cm (D) 72 cm
2. A semicircle is drawn with AB as its diameter. From C, a point on AB, a line perpendicular to AB is
drawn meeting the circumference of the semicircle at D. Given that AC = 2 cm and CD = 6 cm, the area
of the semicircle is:
(A) 32 (B) 50 (C) 40 (D) 36
3. In the figure given above, A and B are the centers of the two congruent circles with radius 17 units.
If AB = 30 units, the length of the common chord DC is :
4. In the diagram the circle contains the vertices A, B, C of triangle ABC. Now ABC is 30º and the
length of AC is 5. The diameter of the circle is :
6. The centre of a circle is at O. AB and CD are two chords of length d and respectively. If P is the mid
point of CD, then the length OP is :
1 2 1 2
(A) d2 + 2
(B) d2 − 2
(C) d + 2
(D) d − 2
2 2
7. BC is the diameter of a circle. Points A and D are situated on the circumference of the semi-circle
ABD = 35º and BCD = 60º, ADB equals to :
12. Which of the following shapes of equal perimeter, the one having the largest area is :
(A) circle (B) equilateral triangle (C) square (D) regular pentagon
13. Let XYZ be right angle triangle, with right angle at Z. Let Ax de-remarks the area of the circle with
diameter YZ. Let Ay de-remark the area of the circle with diameter XZ and let Az de-remarks the area
of the circle diameter XY. Which of the following relations is true ?
(A) Az = Ax + Ay (B) A Z = A 2x + A 2y (C) A 2z = A 2x + A 2y (D) A 2z = A 2x − A 2y
14. A triangle with side lengths in the ratio 3 : 4 : 5 is inscribed in a circle of radius 3. The area of the
triangle is equal to :
(A) 8.64 (B) 12 (C) 6 (D) 10.28
15. Two legs of a right triangle are 8 and 9 as shown. A circle is drawn so that the area inside the
circle but outside the triangle equals the area inside the triangle but outside the circle. The radius of the
circle is (Use = 22/7)
16. In the diagram O is the centre of a circle. AE + EB = CE + ED. OP ⊥ AB and OQ ⊥ CD, then true
relation between OP and OQ is :
1
(A) OP > OQ (B) OP < OQ (C) OP = OQ (D) OP = OQ
2
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17. PQ and RS are the chords of a circle each of which is at a distance of 5 cm from the centre. If the radius
of the circle is 10 cm then the length of the chords PQ and RS are __ and __ respectively.
(A) 5 3 cm, 10 3 cm (B) 5 3 cm, 5 3 cm (C) 10 3 cm, 10 3 cm (D) 10 3 cm, 5 3 cm
18. EF and FG are two equal chords of a circle intersecting each other at F. If EG is the diameter of the
circle, EF = FG = 7 cm, find the length of EG.
(A) 7 2 cm (B) 49 cm (C) 49 2 cm (D) 7 cm
19. If the distance between two parallel chords of a circle is 6 cm and each chord is 8 cm long, then the
radius of the circle is
(A) 6 cm (B) 5 cm (C) 4 cm (D) 3 cm
20. If the angle between two equal chords which are intersecting on the circle is 60º, then what are the
angles subtended by the chords at the centre of the circle?
(A) 30º, 30º (B) 60º, 60º (C) 90º, 90º (D) 120º, 120º
21.
In the figure above (not to scale), AB is the diameter of the circle with centre O. If ACO = 30º, then
find BOC.
(A) 45º (B) 50º (C) 55º (D) 60º
22.
In the figure above (not to scale), if AB, BC, CD and DA are equal chords. Find the angle between any
two adjacent chords.
(A) 60º (B) 90º (C) 70º (D) 80º
23.
In the figure above (not to scale), AB || CD , AB = CD and if BCD = 55º and O is the centre of the
circle, then AOB = _____.
(A) 55º (B) 65º (C) 70º (D) 75º
24.
In the figure above (not to scale), chord AB = chord AC and if BAO = 25º, then find BOC where
'O' is the centre.
(A) 50º (B) 60º (C) 100º (D) Cannot be determined
In the figure above (not to scale), O is the centre of the circle and OBA = 30º. Find ACS.
(A) 60º (B) 90º (C) 30º (D) 120º
26. MN and KL are two chords of a circle of length 12 cm each, when produced they meet at the point C. If
CM = 20 cm, then CL = ___.
(A) 12 cm (B) 10 cm (C) 8 cm (D) 6 cm
27.
In the figure above (not to scale), AB = CD and AB and CD are produced to meet at the point P. If
BAC = 70º, then find P.
(A) 30º (B) 40º (C) 60º (D) 50º
28.
In the figure above (not to scale), PAO = 40º, O is the centre of the circle and PB is the diameter, find
OBA.
(A) 30º (B) 40º (C) 50º (D) 60º
29.
In the figure above (not to scale), CAD = 40º, ADC = 100º and ACB = 20º then BAC is ___.
(A) 60º (B) 80º (C) 100º (D) 120º
30.
In the figure above (not to scale), AB = AD, BC = CD and AE is the perpendicular from A to BD . If
DAE = xº, then find BCD.
(A) xº (B) 2xº (C) (90 – x)º (D) (180 – 2x)º
31. MN and ST are two equal chords of a circle and the distance between them is 12 cm. If the length of
each chord is 15 cm, find the radius of the circle approximately.
(A) 9.6 cm (B) 8.6 cm (C) 7 cm (D) 10 cm
33.
In the above figure, BC is the diameter of the circle with centre O and AB || OD . If DOC = 40º, then
find ACB.
(A) 50º (B) 60º (C) 70º (D) 90º
34. Two equal chords of a circle intersect on the circle, make angle xº and form a triangle with a diameter.
What is the angle subtended by each chord at the centre?
(A) 30º (B) 60º (C) 90º (D) Cannot be determined
35.
In the above figure, AB and CD are equal chords. O is the centre of the circle and AD and BC are
intersecting at O. If OAC = 40º then find BCD and CBA.
(A) 40º, 40º (B) 50º, 50º (C) 40º, 50º (D) 50º, 40º
36.
In the above figure (not to scale), AC is the diameter and ABCD is the cyclic quadrilateral. If EAB = 80º
and DCF = 110º, then find the angle made by AB at the centre of the circle.
(A) 80º (B) 60º (C) 40º (D) 20º
37. If the adjacent angles of a cyclic quadrilateral are 40º and 100º, then the angle made by the diagonals at
the centre of the circle is
(A) 40º, 50º (B) 20º, 25º (C) 80º, 100º (D) 80º, 160º
38.
In the above figure (not to scale), ABCDEF is a regular hexagon inscribed in a circle, what is AOE?
(A) 60º (B) 100º (C) 120º (D) 140º
In the above figure, AB = AC and O is the centre of the circle. If ACO = 40º, then find ABO.
(A) 40º (B) 80º (C) 35º (D) 55º
40.
In the above figure (not to scale), ABC = 2ACB. Find the angle made by AC at the centre of the
circle, if BAC = 60º.
(A) 80º (B) 120º (C) 160º (D) 180º
41.
In the above figure, AB and AC are equal chords and O is the centre. If BOC = 100º, then find ACO.
(A) 10º (B) 20º (C) 30º (D) 25º
42.
In the above figure, AB and AC are equal chords of the given circle, BP = PC and ABP = PBC. If
BAC = 40º, then find BPC.
(A) 90º (B) 100º (C) 110º (D) 120º
43.
In the above figure (not to scale), ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral, AB = BC, BAC = 40º and DCA = 70º
then find CAD.
(A) 30º (B) 50º (C) 80º (D) 100º
44.
In the above figure (not to scale), PA and PB are equal chords and ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral. If
DCE = 80º, DAP = 30º then find APB.
(A) 40º (B) 80º (C) 90º (D) 160º
H1 – 226 R, Indraprastha Industrial Area (IPIA), Road No. 5, Kota (Raj.) 83
45. In the figure below, PQ and RS are chords of length 10 cm each intersecting at B. If PBS = 90º and
the area of the PBS is 32 sq. cm., then find the length of BR.
46. In the figure below, EF is a chord produced to G. O is the centre of the circle. EF = 12 cm and FG = 8 cm.
The radius of the circle is 10 cm. Find the approximate length of OG.
47.
In the above diagram (not to scale), AB = AC. O is the centre of the circle. If ABC = 80º, then find BOC.
(A) 20º (B) 40º (C) 60º (D) 80º
OA is the radius of the circle. If CD = 10 cm, AB = 2 cm and OA ⊥ CD , then find the length of OB.
(A) 3.25 cm (B) 5.25 cm (C) 4.25 cm (D) 6.25 cm
49. A, B, C, D and E are concyclic such that AB = BC = CD = DE = EA. Find the angle between any two
adjacent chords.
(A) 32º (B) 42º (C) 54º (D) 108º
50.
In the figure above (not to scale), AB = AC, BD = DC and 'O' is centre of the circle. If ACO = 35º
then find ABD and BDC.
(A) 90º, 90º (B) 110º, 110º (C) 90º, 110º (D) 80º, 90º
51. There are four chords AB, BC, CD and DA in a circle making angles , 2, 3 and 4 respectively at
the centre of a circle. Find the angle between BC and CD.
(A) 30º (B) 45º (C) 60º (D) 90º
53. In the figure below (not to scale), AB and CD are equal chords. O is the centre of the circle. If AOP = 120º,
then find OAC.
54.
In the above figure, O is the centre of the circle and AB = CD. If APB = 110º, then find the angle
made by the chord CD at the centre.
(A) 220º (B) 110º (C) 120º (D) 140º
55. In the above figure, ED || AB and EF || BC . If FED = 40º and DEC = 20º, then find the angle made
by BC at the centre.
56.
In the above figure, O is the centre of the circle ABO = OCO and ACO = OBO. If BAC = 40º
then find BDC.
(A) 100º (B) 110º (C) 120º (D) 150º
In the figure above, DBA = 2DAB = 4CAD. If ADC = 120º then find the angle made by AB at
the centre of the circle. ·
(A) 20º (B) 40º (C) 60º (D) 80º
58.
In the above figure, AB and AC are equal chords and AD is perpendicular to AC . If COD = 60º,
then angle between the chords is
(A) 30º (B) 60º (C) 90º (D) Cannot be determined
59.
In the above figure (not to scale) AB , BC , CF , DE and FE are chords of the circle. If ABC = 100º
and FED = 110º, then find FPA.
(A) 20º (B) 30º (C) 40º (D) 70º
60.
In the above figure (not to scale), O is the centre of the circle. BC and CD are equal chords. If OBC = 70º,
then what is BAD?
(A) 40º (B) 60º (C) 80º (D) 100º
61. In the following figure (not to scale), O is the centre of the circle. A, B, C and Dare concyclic and
AB = CD. If MON = 120º, then find OPN.
In the figure (not to scale) AB = CD, DAP = DPA and A, B, C, Dare concyclic. If ADC = 80º
then find ACD.
(A) 50º (B) 60º (C) 70º (D) 80º
64.
In the above figure, O is the centre of the circle and CD || AB . If DAO = 20º, then find AOB.
(A) 40º (B) 60º (C) 100º (D) 120º
65.
In the above figure, O is the centre of the circle and chords AB and CD are equal. If ABP = 40º and
PQ ⊥ AB , then find the angle made by the chord CD at the centre.
(A) 160º (B) 110º (C) 120º (D) 140º
66.
In the above figure, O is the centre of the circle and chords AB and AC are equal. If ABO = 20º, then
find BOC.
(A) 40º (B) 60º (C) 80º (D) 100º
67.
In the above figure, (not to scale), O is the centre of the circle. AP and BP are two chords. C is point
of intersection of AP and OB . OAC = 30º and PBC = 80º then find AOB.
(A) 50º (B) 100º (C) 80º (D) 120º
H1 – 226 R, Indraprastha Industrial Area (IPIA), Road No. 5, Kota (Raj.) 87
68.
In the above figure AP = PB and O is the centre of the circle. If AOB = 80º and OAP = 20º, then
find APB.
(A) 60º (B) 90º (C) 120º (D) 160º
69. A point P is 10 cm from the centre of a circle. The length of the tangent drawn from P to the circle is 8
cm. The radius of the circle is equal to
(A) 4 cm (B) 5 cm (C) 6 cm (D) None of these.
70.
In the above figure, ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral and BCD = 2BAD, find the angle made by the
diagonal BD at the centre of the circle.
(A) 60º (B) 80º (C) 100º (D) 120º
71.
In the above figure (not to scale), ABCD is a cyclic quadrilateral, DE ⊥ AB , BAO = 40º, OAD = 20º
and OCO= 50º. find ABC.
(A) 70º (B) 100º (C) 110º (D) 120º
72. In the following figure (not to scale), ADC = 60º, BAD = 80º and EBC = 2PDE. And APE.
73. In figure below, PA and PB are the two tangents drawn to the circle. O is the centre of the circle. A and
Bare the points of contact of the tangents PA and PB with the circle. If OPA = 35º, then POB =
74. A tangent PQ at a point P of a circle of radius 5 cm meets a line through the centre O at a point Q such
that OQ = 12 cm. Length PQ is
(A) 12 cm (B) 13 cm (C) 8.5 cm (D) 119 cm
76. If TP and TQ are two tangents to a circle with centre O so that POQ = 110º, then, PTQ is equal to
(A) 60º (B) 70º (C) 80º (D) 90º
77. Two circle touch each other externally at C and AB is a common tangent to the circles. Then, ACB =
(A) 60º (B) (C) 30º (D) 90º
78. ABC is a right angled triangle, right angled at B such that BC = 6 cm and AB = 8 cm. A circle with
centre O is inscribed in ABC. The radius of the circle is
(A) 1 cm (B) 2 cm (C) 3 cm (D) 4 cm
79. The length of the tangent drawn from a point 8 cm away from the centre of a circle of radius 6 cm is
(A) 7 cm (B) 2 7 cm (C) 10 cm (D) 5 cm
80. In the adjoining figure, if AD, AE and BC are tangents to the circle at D, E and F respectively. Then,
7 11 9
(A) cm (B) cm (C) cm (D) can't be determined
4 4 4
EXERCISE – 03
8. If two equal circles of radius r passes through centre of the other then the length of their common chord is.
[U.P. NTSE Stage-1 2014]
r 3
(A) (B) r 3 (C) r (D) r 2
3 4
9. In the following figure O is the centre of circle and BAC = nº, OCB = mº then
[U.P. NTSE Stage-1 2014]
11. In the given figure find PQR (where O is centre of the circle) [U.P. NTSE Stage-1 2014]
12. If two chords of a circle are equidistance from the centre of the circle, then they are............
[M.P. NTSE Stage-1 2015]
(A) Equal to each other (B) Not equal to each other.
(C) Intersect each other. (D) None of these
13. In the given figure, DBC = 22º and DCB = 78º then BAC is equal to
[Rajasthan NTSE Stage-1 2015]
14. The lengths of two parallel chords of a circle are 6 cm and 8 cm. If the smaller chord is at distance 4 cm
from the centre, then the distance of the other chord from the cnetre is [Rajasthan NTSE Stage-1 2015]
(A) 5 cm (B) 4 cm (C) 3 cm (D) 2 cm
15. In the figure, the radius of the larger circle is 2 cm and the radius of the smaller circle is 1 cm and the
larger circle passes through the centre of the smaller circle. The length (in cm) of the chord AB is :
[Haryana NTSE Stage-1 2016]
15 3 5 34
(A) (B) 2 (C) (D)
2 2 17
80º O
Q
P
(A) 30º (B) 40º (C) 1400 (D) 50º
17. In the figure, the semicircle centered at O has a diameter 6 cm. The chord BC is parallel to AD and
1
BC = AD. The area of the trapezium ABCD in cm 2, is : [Haryana NTSE Stage-1 2016]
3
B C
A O D
(A) 4 (B) 4 2 (C) 8 (D) 8 2
18. A chord of length 24 cm is situated 5 cm from the centre of a circle. The diameter of the circle will be
[Chhattisgarh NTSE Stage-I/18]
(A) 24 cm (B) 29 cm (C) 26 cm (D) 13 cm
1. An amusement fair was organised in a circular park for the children of slum clusters. Free food was
supplied to them at 4 stalls situated at A,B, C and D as shown in the figure.
(i) Find the angle between the lines joining stalls C, D and stalls C, B.
(ii) Are such activities helpful for society ?
2. 3 STD booths situated at A, B and C in the figure are operated by handicapped persons. These three
booths are equidistant from each other as shown in the figure.
(i) Find BAC.
(ii) Find BOC
(iii) Do you think employment provided to handicapped persons is important for the development of a
society?
EXERCISE – 01
SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
Section (A) : Chord properties of Circles
A-1. 12 cm. A-2. 1 cm. A-3. 13 cm. A-4. 9.6 cm.
A-5. 20 3m.
OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
Section (A) : Chord properties of Circles
A-1. (D) A-2. (A) A-3. (A) A-4. (C)
EXERCISE – 02
OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
Ques. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Ans. D B D C D D B B B C C A A A B D C A B D
Ques. 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
Ans. D B C C D C B C B D A C A C B D D C A C
Ques. 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
Ans. D C A B A C B B D C D B A D B C D B B A
Ques. 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
Ans. B C C C A C B C C D A C A D A B D B B B
Ques. 81
Ans. C
Ques. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
Ans. A C D C C A C B A C B A B C A B D C A