;f‰f oftfoft

cfly{s k|zf;g ljlgodfjnL, @)&&

;xsf/L P]g, lgodfjnL / ;f‰f oftfoftsf] ljlgod, @)^! n] lbPsf] clwsf/ k|of]u u/L ;f‰f
oftfoftsf] ;~rfns ;ldltn] agfPsf] ";femf oftfoft cfly{s k|zf;g ljlgodfjnL, @)&&"
;femf oftfoft ;xsf/L ;+:yf lnld6]8sf] ;fwf/0f ;efn] l:js[t u/L nfu' u/]sf] 5 .

kl/R5]b – !
k|f/lDes

!= ;+lIfKt gfd / k|f/De M

!_ of] ljlgodfjnLsf] gfd ;f‰f oftfoftsf] cfly{s k|zf;g ljlgodfjnL,@)&&

/x]sf] 5 .
@_ of] ljlgodfjnL ;fwf/0f ;efaf6 l:js[t ePkl5 t'?Gt k|f/De x'g]5 .

@= kl/efiff M

ljifo jf k|;+un] csf]{ cy{ gnfu]df o; ljlgodfjnLdf –

s_ æP]gÆ eGgfn] ;xsf/L P]g, @)&$ eGg] ;Demg' kb{5 .
v_ æ;f‰f oftfoftÆ eGgfn] P]g jdf]lhd btf{ ePsf] ;f‰f oftfoft ;xsf/L ;+:yf
;Demg' kb{5 .
u_ æ;~rfns ;ldltÆ eGgfn] ;f‰f oftfoftsf] lgod jdf]lhd u7g ePsf] ;f‰f
oftfoftsf] ;~rfns ;ldlt ;Demg' kb{5 .
3_ æcWoIfÆ eGgfn] ;f‰f oftfoft ;~rfns ;ldltsf] cWoIf ;Demg' kb{5 .
ª_ æk|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[tæ eGgfn] ;f‰f oftfoftsf] k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t
;Demg' kb{5 .
r_ ækbflwsf/LÆ eGgfn] ;~rfns ;ldltsf] cWoIf, ;b:o tyf ;lrj ;d]tnfO{
;Demg' kb{5 .
5_ æclVtof/jfnfÆ jf clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L eGgfn] o; ljlgodfjnL adf]lhdsf
clwsf/ k|of]u ug{ kfpg] u/L ;~rfns ;ldlt4f/f tf]lsPsf] ;~rfns
;ldltsf] cWoIf, k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t jf c? s'g} clwsf/L ;Demg' kb{5 . ;f]
zAbn] To;/L clwsf/ gtf]lsP;Dd cWoIfaf6 tf]lsPsf] sd{rf/L ;Demg' kb{5 .

1
h_ æsfof{noÆ eGgfn] sf7df8f}+ l:yt ;f‰f oftfoftsf] k|wfg sfof{no ;Demg' kb{5
/ ;f] zAbn] ;f‰f oftfoft dftxt /x]sf cGo sfof{nox?nfO{ ;d]t hgfp+5 .
em_ æljefluo k|d'vÆ eGgfn] ;f‰f oftfoft ljefux?sf] k|d'v e} sfd ug]{
clws[tnfO{ ;Demg' kb{5 .
`_ æsfof{no k|d'vÆ eGgfn] ;f‰f oftfoft cGtu{tsf sfof{nox?df k|d'v eO{ sfd
ug]{ sd{rf/L ;Demg' kb{5 .
6_ æsf]ifÆ eGgfn] ;f‰f oftfoftsf] sf]if ;Demg' kb{5 .
7_ æn]vf k|d'vÆ eGgfn] ;f‰f oftfoftsf] n]vf ;DalGw sfd ug]{ k|d'v sd{rf/L
;Demg' kb{5 .
8_ æjh]6Æ eGgfn] ;f‰f oftfoftsf] jflif{s sfo{qmd ;~rfngsf] nflu tof/
ul/Psf] k|To]s cfly{s jif{sf] cfo–Joosf] ljj/0f ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] k"/s
jh]6nfO{ ;d]t hgfp+5 .
9_ æn]vfÆ eGgfn] cfly{s sf/f]jf/ ePsf] Joxf]/f b]lvg] u/L v8f u/]sf >]:tf tyf
lx;fa lstfa cflb / ;f] sf/]fj/fnfO{ k|dfl0ft ug]{ cGo ;a} k|sf/sf sfuhft /
cfly{s ljj/0f ;d]tnfO{ ;Demg' kb{5{ .
0f_ æljlgof]hgÆ eGgfn] ;f‰f oftfoft4f/f k|To]s jif{ jh]6sf] ljleGg lzif{sdf vr{
ug{ ljlgof]lht /sd ;Demg' kb{5 .
t_ æa]?h'Æ eGgfn] cfGtl/s jf clGtd n]vf k/LIf0f, lg/LIf0f, ;'kl/j]If0f, 5fgljg
jf cGo s'g} k|sf/jf6 n]vf hf+ra'em x'+bf n]vf tyf cfly{s sf/f]af/df b]lvPsf]
clgoldttf ;Demg' kb{5 .
y_ æb/–efp kq -sf]6]zg_Æ eGgfn] s'g} JolQm jf ;+ul7t ;+:yf jf kmd{n] cfkm"n]
lbg ;Sg] j:t' jf ;]jfx?sf] d"No v'nfO{ k]z u/]sf] k|:tfj ;Demg' kb{5 .
b_ æaf]nkqÆ eGgfn] OR5's JolQm kmd{ jf ;+ul7t ;+:yfn] vfdaGbLdf nfxf5fk
df/L k7fPsf] b/–/]6 ;lxtsf] ljj/0f ;Demg' kb{5 .
w_ æjf]nkq ;DalGw sfuhft -6]08/ 8s'd]06_Æ eGgfn] 7]Ssfsf] ;fdfGo tyf ljz]if
zt{ :k]l;lkms]zg gS;f, l8hfO{g / kl/df0f ;"rL ;d]tnfO{ ;Demg' kb{5 .
g_ æ;+:yfÆ eGgfn] ;f‰f oftfoft ;Demg' kb{5 .
k_ æ7]SsfÆ eGgfn] 36f36 jf a9fa9 u/L d'gfkmfsf] p2]Zon] ;f‰f oftfoft;+u o;
ljlgodfjnLsf] k|lqmof k"/f u/L lnPsf] 7]Ssf ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] b/–efp
kq -sf]6]zg_ af6 lnPsf] 7]SsfnfO{ ;d]t hgfp+5 .
km_ æ7]Ssf ;Demf}tf jf s/f/Æ eGgfn] oL lgodx?sf] clwgdf /xL s'g} klg vl/b
lgdf{0f jf ;]jf sfo{ ug{ jf u/fpg 7]Ssf lng] tyf 7]Ssf lbg] b'j} kIfx?sf
lardf zt{x? /flv ul/Psf] sa'lnot ;Demg' kb{5 .

2
 a_ æcdfgtÆ eGgfn] lgdf{0f jf cGo s'g} k|sf/n] ef}lts tyf cGo ;]jf 7]Ssfdf
gnufO{ sfof{no cfkm}n] >f]t, ;fwg / hgzlQm kl/rfng u/L ;DkGg ug]{ sfo{
;Demg' kb{5 .
e_ ægubÆ eGgfn] l;Ssf, s/]lG;, gf]6 ;Demg' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] r]s, a}+s 8«fkm6,
x'08L, e'Qmflg 6«fG;km/ /l;b jf ;f] ;/xsf e"QmfgL ug{ ;lsg] lnvtnfO{ ;d]t
hgfp+5 .
d_ ædfn;fdfgÆ eGgfn] rn–crn ;a} lsl;dsf lhG;L dfn;fdfg ;Demg' kb{5 .
o_ æcfly{s jif{ÆeGgfn] s'g} ;fnsf] >fj0f ! ut]b]lv csf]{ ;fnsf] cfiff9
d;fGt;Ddsf] Ps jif{sf] cjlwnfO{ ;Demg' kb{5 .
/_ ætf]lsPsf] jf tf]s] adf]lhdÆ eGgfn] ;+rfns ;ldltaf6 tf]lsPsf] jf ;+rfns
;ldltn] tf]s] adf]lhd eGg] ;Demg' kb{5 .

#= ljlgodfjnLsf] JofVof M
o; ljlgodfjnLdf pNn]v ul/Psf Joj:yfx? s'g} clwsf/LnfO{ k|of]u ug{ ckm\7of/f]
k/]df k|d'v k|zf;sLo clws[tn] JofVofsf] lgldQ ;~rfns ;ldlt ;dIf k]z ug'{kg]{
5 / To;df ;~rfns ;ldltaf6 ePsf] JofVof clGtd x'g]5 .

3
 kl/R5]b – @
sf]if / vftf

$= sf]ifsf] vftf / ;~rfng M

!_ sf]ifdf /xg] ;a} /sd hDdf ug{ ;~rfns ;ldltn] tf]s]sf] afl0fHo a}+sx?df
vftf vf]lng] 5 .
@_ ;f‰f oftfoftsf] gfddf k|fKt x'g cfPsf gub pk–ljlgod -!_ adf]lhd
vf]lnPsf] vftfx?df ;se/ k|fKt ePs} lbgdf / ;f] lbg gEofP ef]lnkN6 a}+s
v'n]kl5 bflvnf ug'{ kg]{5 .
#_ pk–ljlgod -!_ adf]lhd vf]lnPsf vftfdf hDdf ePsf] /sd ;~rfns
;ldltn] tf]s] adf]lhd cfjZos k/]sf] ;dodf hDdf x'g] u/L cfjZos sfo{
;~rfng vr{sf] nflu sfo{ ;~rfng vftfdf 6«fG;km/ ul/g] 5 .

%= sfo{ ;~rfng vftf M

!_ sfof{nosf] b}lgs sfo{ ;~rfngsf lgldQ ;~rfns ;ldltn] tf]s]sf] jfl0fHo
a}+sdf sfo{ ;~rfng vftf vf]lng] 5 .

^= ;fgf] gubL sf]if M

-!_ ;f‰f oftfoftdf b}lgs ug'{ kg]{ ;fgfltgf vr{sf] nflu ?=@%))).– -klRr;
xhf/_ ;Ddsf] ;fgf] gubL sf]if v8f ug]{5 . ;f] sf]ifdf /xg] /sd s'g}
sd{rf/Lsf] lhDdfdf gub df}Hbft /fVg ;lsg]5 . ;f] sf]ifsf] ;+rfng n]vf
k|d'vsf] /]vb]vdf x'g]5 . gubL sf]ifdf /x]sf] /sd vr{ ePkl5 ljn e/kfO{ lnO{
;f]wegf{ ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ pkljlgod -!_ df pNn]v eP adf]lhd df}Hbftaf6 ck'u x'g] ePdf ;+rfns
;ldltn] gub df}Hbft /fVg] xb a9fpg ;Sg]5 .
&= w/f}6L vftf M
!_ ;f‰f oftfoftdf w/f}6Ldf /xg] /sd ;~rfns ;ldltn] tf]s]sf] a}+sdf k|d'v
sfo{sf/L clws[t / n]vf k|d'vsf] ;+o'Qm b:tvtaf6 ;~rfng x'g u/L w/f}6L
vftf vf]Ng' kg]{5 .
@_ pk–ljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] w/f}6L vftfdf b]xfo adf]lhdsf /sdx? /xg] 5g\ .
4
 s_ ;f‰f oftfoftnfO{ clu|d w/f}6Lsf] ?kdf a'emfpg' kg]{ /sd,
v_ sfof{non] cfJxfg u/]sf jf]nkq jf lnnfddf efu lngsf] nflu clu|d
w/f}6Lsf] ?kdf bflvnf ug'{ kg]{ /sd,
u_ ;f‰f oftfoft;+u ul/g] s'g} 7]Ssf, ;Demf}tf, s/f/ adf]lhd jf cGo
sf/0fn] w/f}6Lsf] ?kdf bflvnf ug'{ kg]{ /sd,

#_ pk–ljlgod -!_ adf]lhd /flvPsf] w/f}6L /sd h'g sfdsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu
/flvPsf] xf] ;f] sfd k"/f ePkl5 lkmtf{ ug'{ kg]{ cj:yfdf jfx]s clVtof/jfnfn]
;b/ :ofxf ug'{kg]{ 5 .
$_ zt{ cg';f/ sfd k"/f gu/]df hkmt x'g] zt{df pk–ljlgod -!_ adf]lhd
/flvPsf] w/f}6L /sd ;f] sfd k"/f gePdf clVtof/jfnfn] hkmt u/L ;b/
:ofxf ug'k{ g]{ 5 .
%_ pk–ljlgod -!_ adf]lhd hDdf ul/Psf] w/f}6L /sd pk–ljlgod -#_ adf]lhd
;b/ :ofxf / pkljlgod -$_ adf]lhd hkmt gul/Pdf clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln]
;DalGwt JolQmnfO{ lkmtf{ lbg]5 .
^_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] w/f}6L vftfsf] sf/f]af/sf] ljj/0f n]vf zfvfn]
cBfjlws?kdf /fVg' kg]{5 .
*= sd{rf/L sNof0f sf]if vftf M
!_ sd{rf/L k|zf;g ;DalGw ljlgodfjnL cg';f/ ;f‰f oftfoftsf tkm{af6
sd{rf/LnfO{ lbO{g] pkbfg, cf}iflw pkrf/ jfkt / yk cfly{s ;xfotf, c+ue+u
jf rf]6k6s jfktsf] cfly{s ;xfotf cg'dflgt lx;fa u/L ;~rfns ;ldltn]
tf]s]sf] /sd ;~rfns ;ldltn] tf]s]sf] a}+sdf sd{rf/L sNof0f sf]ifsf] gfddf
vftf vf]nL hDdf ul/g] 5 .
@_ pk–ljlgod -!_ adf]lhd vf]lnPsf vftf k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t jf ;~rfns
;ldltn] tf]s]sf] clwsf/ k|fKt jl/i7 sd{rf/L / n]vf k|d'vsf] ;+o'Qm
b:tvtaf6 ;~rfng ul/g] 5 .

5
 kl/R5]b – #
ah]6 tof/ ug]{
(= ah]6 tof/ ug]{
!_ ;f‰f oftfoftsf] sfo{ ;~rfng ug{sf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ ;a} s'/fx? v'nfO{
cfly{s ljj/0f ;lxt cfufdL cfly{s jif{sf] nflu rflxg] ah]6 -cfo–Joosf]
cg'dfg_ k|To]s ;fnsf] a}zfv dlxgf ;Dddf n]vf k|d'vn] tof/ u/L ;Sg' kg]{5
.
@_ ah]6 tof/ ug]{ sfo{df n]vf k|d'vnfO{ ;f‰f oftfoftsf] ;DalGwt ;a}
clwsf/Lx?n] cfjZos sfuhft / ljj/0f pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 .
#_ ah]t th{'df ubf{ s'g} k|:tfljt of]hgf sfof{Gjog ug'{ kg]{ eP To:tf] of]hgsf]
;DefJotf cWoog / cfly{s tyf k|fljlws pko{'Qmtfsf] cfwf/df To;
of]hgfaf6 s'g} k|ltkmnsf] ;d]t ljrf/ u/L ;~rfns ;ldltaf6 To:tf of]hgf
:jLs[t ePsf] x'g' kg]{5 .
$_ pk–ljlgod -#_ adf]lhd :jLs[t of]hgf sfof{Gojg ug{sf] nflu lj:t[t ;j]{If0f,
8«O{Ë, l8hfO{g, nfut–cg'dfg / ;f] cg';f/ jflif{s sfo{qmd lglZrt u/L ;f]xL
cfwf/df jflif{s ah]6 tof/ ug'{ kg]5 .
%_ pk–ljlgod -!_ adf]lhd ah]6 tof/ ubf{ ;f‰f oftfoftsf] ut jif{sf] oyfy{
cfDbfgL tyf vr{sf] ljj/0f, rfn" jif{sf] ;+zf]lwt cg'dfg, ljBfdfg cfly{s
l:ytL tyf cfufld cfly{s jif{sf] jflif{s sfo{qmd / k|:tfljt sfo{qmdaf6 x'g]
;]jf, gfkmf, gf]S;fg tyf cfly{s l:yltsf] cg'dfg / Joxf]g]{ >f]t ;d]t b]lvg]
u/L vr{sf] ljleGg lzif{sx?df ljlgof]hg u/L ah]6 tof/ ug'{kg]{5 .
^_ pk–ljlgod -%_ df tf]lsP adf]lhdsf] ah]6 tof/ u/L pk–ljlgod -!_
adf]lhd k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t ;dIf k]z ug'{ n]vf k|d'vsf] st{Jo x'g]5 .
&_ pk–ljlgod -^_ adf]lhd k|fKt ePsf] ah]6 ljj/0f pk–ljlgod -%_ adf]lhdsf]
gLlt lgb]{zg Pj+d sfo{qmd cg';f/ eP gePsf] x]/L cfjZos ;+zf]wg tyf
hf+ra'em u/L k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[tn] cfly{s jif{ z'? x'g'eGbf slDtdf Ps
dlxgf cufj} ;+rfns ;ldltsf] ljrf/fy{ tyf :jLs[ltsf] nflu k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
*_ ah]6df g]kfn ;/sf/;+u s'g} /sd dfu ug'{ kg]{ /x]5 eg] g]kfn ;/sf/sf]
ah]6 th'{df x'b}sf] cj:yfdf ;+rfns ;ldltsf] :jLs[lt lnO{ k|d'v sfo{sf/L
6
 clws[tn] g]kfn ;/sf/ ;dIf ah]6 dfu ug{ cfjZos ljj/0f k7fO{ ;Sg' kg]{5
.
(_ pk–ljlgod -%_ / -*_ adf]lhd tof/ ul/Psf] ljj/0fsf] cfwf/df :jLs[ltsf]
nflu ;+rfns ;ldltdf k]z ePsf] ah]6 ;+rfns ;ldltn] oyfjt?kdf jf
;+zf]wg ;lxt :jLs[t ug{ ;Sg]5 .

!)= k"/s ah]6 M

rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] lgldQ ;+rfns ;ldltaf6 :jLs[t ah]6df ljlgof]lht lzif{ssf]
/sd ckof{Kt ePdf jf rfn' cfly{s jif{df s'g} gof+ of]hgf jf ;]jf ;+rfng ug'{kg]{
ePdf k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[tn] lgod adf]lhdsf] sfo{ljlw ckgfO{ ;+rfns ;ldltaf6
k"/s ah]6sf] :jLs[lt u/fpg' kg]{5 .

!!= vr{ ug{ clu|d :jLs[lt lbg ;Sg] M

;+rfns ;ldltaf6 ah]6 ljrf/flwg /x]sf] cj:yfdf vr{ gu/L gx'g] sfo{qmddf dfq
k|:tfljt ah]6sf] klRr; k|ltzt;Dd /sd vr{ ug{ clu|d :jLs[lt lbg ;Sg]5 .

!@= ljb]zL ;xfotf k|fKt ug]{ M

;+:yfn] s'g} ljbzL ;xfotf lng cfjZos ePdf P]g adf]lhd g]kfn ;/sf/sf] k"j{
:jLs[lt lnP/ dfq ug'{ kg]{5 .

7
 kl/R5]b – $
n]vf tyf vr{ ;DalGw Joj:yf

!#= n]vf k|0ffnL M

;+:yfsf] sf/f]af/sf] n]vf bf]xf]/f] n]vf k|0ffnLdf cfwfl/t / sf/f]af/sf] oyfy{

l:ytL :ki6 b]lvg] u/L k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhdsf] lgsfon] nfu' u/]sf]
n]vfdfg -PsfplG6Ë :6f088{_ adf]lhd /fVg'kb{5 .

!$= clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L afx]s c?n] vr{ ug{ gx'g] M

!_ lgod ( sf] pk–ljlgod -(_ adf]lhd ;+rfns ;ldltaf6 :jLs[t

ah]6 clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L afx]s c? s;}n] klg vr{ ug{, vr{ ug]{
cfb]z lbg / vr{ u/]sf] s'/f :jLs[t ug{ x'+b}g .
t/ ljz]if kl/l:ytL k/L jf ckem{6 sfd k/L s'g} sd{rf/Ln] u/]sf]
vr{ /sd clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] dgfl;j 7fg]df kl5 :jLs[t u/L
lbg ;Sg]5 .
@_ clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L b]xfosf cj:yfdf dfq /sd vr{ ug]{ :jLs[lt
lbg' k5{ M–
s_ vr{ ug'{ kg]{ /sd ljlgof]lht lzif{s jf pk–lzif{s leq k5{ /
;f] lzif{s jf pk–lzif{sdf /sd af+sL 5 eg],
v_ of]hgfsf] nflu 5'6\ofO{Psf] /sd ;f] of]hgf :jLs[t eO{ ;s]sf]
5 eg],
u_ /sd vr{ ug{ lgsfzfsf] cfb]z eO{ ;s]sf] 5 eg],
#_ /sd vr{ ug'{ kbf{ clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Laf6 vl/b cfb]z :jLs[t
ePkl5 dfq vr{ ug'{ kb{5 / o:tf] vr{sf] lan ekf{O{, ef}r/, vl/b
cfb]z ;lxtsf] >]:tf n]vf zfvfsf] sd{rf/Ln] /fVg' kb{5 .
t/ lan ekf{O cfpg g;Sg] h:t} ;jf/L ;fwgsf] ef8f, s'NnL vr{,
cGo ;fgf–ltgf sfddf vr{ ePsf] /sdsf] xsdf vr{ ug]{ sd{rf/Ln]
k|dfl0ft u/L clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L4f/f ;dy{g u/fO{ >]:tf /fVg'
kg]5
{ .

8
 $_ cfly{s sf/f]af/ ubf{ clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] cfkm\gf] dftxtsf
sd{rf/Lx? pk/ /]vb]v k'¥ofO{ gub, lhG;Ldf s'g} lsl;dsf]
lxgfldgf, xfgL–gf]S;fgL jf nfk/jfxL ;d]t x'g gkfpg] u/L
sfof{nosf] gub, lhG;L ;'/lIft /fVg plrt k|aGw ug'{ k5{ . cfkm'n]
ug'{ kg]{ sfd cfkm"eGbf d'lgsf sd{rf/Låf/f u/fP tfklg To;sf]
clGtd pQ/bfloTj clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ldf lglxt /xg] 5 .
%_ clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] cfGtl/s n]vf k/LIf0f tyf clGtd n]vf
k/LIf0f u/fO{ lg:s]sf] a]?h' c;'n km5of}{6 ug'{ u/fpg' kg]{5 . a]?h'
km5of}{6 ug'{ u/fpg' kg]{ kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/L ;?jf eO{, sfh lkmtf{
eO{, cjsfz eO{ jf cGo s'g} sf/0fn] ;f‰f oftfoft 5f]8\g' kbf{
km5of}{6 x'g af+sL /x]sf] a]?h'sf] nut tyf sf/jfxLsf] ljj/0f
xfnjfnfnfO{ a'emfpg' kg]{5 . a]?h' lgoldtsf] nflu k]z x'g cfPsf]df
clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] klg ;f] ;DaGwdf ;dod} lg0f{o ug'{ kg]{5 .

!%= /sdfGt/ ug{ ;lsg] M

!_ :jLs[t ah]6sf] /sd Ps lzif{s jf Ps pk–lzif{saf6 csf]{ pk–
lzif{sdf /sdfGt/ ug]{ clwsf/ ;+rfns ;ldltnfO{ x'g]5 .
@_ pk–ljlgod -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg cfly{s ;xfotf,
rGbf, k'/:sf/ / e}k/L cfpg] km'6s/ vr{sf] /sddf dgfl;j sf/0fn]
/sd gk'u x'g uO{ s'g} art x'g] /sdaf6 /sdfGt/ ug'{ k/]df gk'u
ePsf] ah]6 lzif{s /sdsf] bz k|ltzt;Dd k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[tn]
/ ah]6 lzif{s /sdsf] klRr; k|ltzt;Dd cWoIfn] /sdfGt/ ug]{
:jLs[lt lbg ;Sg]5 .
#_ pk–ljlgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] /sdfGt/af6 klg gk'u ePdf jf ah]6df
gk/]sf] s'g} sfddf vr{ gu/L gx'g] cj:yf k/]df k|d'v sfo{sf/L
clws[tn] ah]6 ;+zf]wgsf] nflu ;+rfns ;ldltdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
$_ pk–ljlgod -#_ adf]lhd ;+rfns ;ldltdf k]z ePsf] ah]6 kfl/t
x'g ;do nfUg] ePdf jf ckem{6 ah]6d} gk/]sf] sfd gu/]df
To;af6 ;f‰f oftfoftnfO{ xfgL–gf]S;fgL x'g] jf Iflt k'Ug] eGg]
nfu]df cWoIfsf] :jLs[lt lnO{ k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[tn] cfjZos vr{
u/L ;dy{gsf] nflu ;+rfns ;ldltdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .

9
!^= n]vf k|d'vsf] sfd, st{Jo M
n]vf k|d'vsf] sfd, st{Jo b]xfo adf]lhd x'g] 5 M–
s_ clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] ;'Dk]sf] cfly{s sf/f]af/;+u ;DalGwt sfd /
pQ/bfloTj axg ug]{,
v_ ;f‰f oftfoftsf] cfDbfgL tyf vr{ ;DaGwL >]:tf cBfjlws?kdf
/fVg],
u_ lgsf;f ePsf] /sdsf] vr{sf] lx;fa–lstfa l/tk"j{s /fVg], vr{sf]
kmf+6jf/L tyf cfly{s ljj/0f tof/ ug]{,
3_ ljlgof]lht /sd gk'u eO{ yk /sd dfu ug'{ k/]df lgsf;f vr{ /
af+sL ;d]t b]vfO{ clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L ;dIf cfjZos /sd
lgsf;f dfu ug]{,
ª_ ;fn tdfd x'g] lbg af+sL x'g cfPsf] ;a} /sdsf] kmf+6jf/L ;+rfns
;ldltn] tf]s]sf 9f+rf / tl/sf adf]lhd tof/ ug]{,
r_ cfly{s sf/f]af/df clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/LnfO{ dbt ug]{ / n]vf
k/LIf0f u/fpg],
5_ n]vf k/LIf0faf6 sfod x'g cfPsf] a]?h'sf] nut /fVg] / a]?h'
km5of}{6 ug]{, u/fpg] .
h_ ;ldlt, cWoIf jf ;lrjn] ;'Dk]sf] cfly{s sf/f]af/;+u ;DalGwt sfd
/ pQ/bfloTj axg ug]{ .

!&= clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Lsf] pQ/bfloTj M

cfly{s sf/f]af/sf] ;DaGwdf b]xfo adf]lhdsf] Joj:yf ldnfpg' clwsf/
k|fKt clwsf/Lsf] pQ/bfloTj x'g] 5 M–
s_ o; ljlgodfjnLdf n]lvPsf cGo Joj:yfx?sf] clwgdf /xL ;+:yfsf]
cfly{s sf/f]jf/ ;'rf? ?kn] ;+rfng ug]{ .

v_ ;+:yfsf] vr{, n]vf tyf kmf+6jf/L cBfjlws?kdf tof/ ug]{, bflvnf

ug]{, clVtof/L tf]Sg] / ;'Dkg],
u_ ;+:yfsf] n]vf /Ltk'j{s /fVg nufpg rflxg] cfjZos Joj:yf ug]{,
3_ ;+:yfsf] n]vf / gubL lhG;L txljnsf] cfsl:ds hf+ra'em ug{,
5nsk6 jf wf]sf x'g] / lxgfldgf x'g gkfpg] u/L cfGt/Ls
lgoGq0fsf] Joj:yf ldnfpg],
10
 ª_ ;+:yfsf] n]vf hf+ra'em u/L cfo–Joo, jf;nft cflbsf] cfly{s
ljj/0f agfpg] / n]vf k/LIf0f u/fpg],
r_ v08 -3_ / -ª_ adf]lhd hf+r ubf{ / n]vf k/LIf0f u/fp+bf gubL
lhG;Lsf] nutdf clgoldt jf lxgf–ldgf ePsf] kfOPdf ;DalGwt
sd{rf/LnfO{ sf/jfxL ug]{ jf sf/jfxL ug{sf] nflu ;DalGwt
clwsf/LnfO{ ;"rgf lbg],
5_ n]vf k/LIf0fsf] lgldQ n]vf k/LIfsn] dfu u/]sf ljj/0fx? k]z ug]{ /
ug{ nufpg],
h_ o; ljlgodfjnL adf]lhd vf]lnPsf ljleGg k|sf/sf vftfx?sf]
lgoldt cg'udg u/L cfly{s sf/f]af/nfO{ r':t?kdf ;+rfng ug]{,
em_ ;+:yfsf] k|To]s q}dfl;s sfo{ k|ult, cfly{s l:ytL tyf ;f]df
Joj:yfkgsf] s}lkmot ;d]t v'nfO{ q}dfl;s ;dfKt ePsf] tLg
xKtfldq k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t ;dIf hfgsf/L tyf cfjZos
lgb]{zgsf] nflu k]z ug]{ .

!*= k]ZsL km5\of}{6 ;DaGwL Joj:yf M

!_ k]ZsL lbg] tyf km5of}{6 ug]{ ;DaGwdf b]xfo adf]lhd sfo{ljlw
ckgfpg' kg]{5 M–
s_ kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/LnfO{ sfh jf e|d0fdf vl6Psf] jf b}lgs
tyf e|d0f eQf jfkt lnPsf] k]ZsL /sd ;DalGwt JolQm
kms]{sf] ldltn] kGw| lbgleq kmf+6jf/L / af+sL gub bflvnf ug'{
kg]{5 .
v_ o; ljlgodfjnL adf]lhd dfn;fdfg vl/b ubf{ jf s'g} ;]jf
pknAw u/fp+bf ;fdfGotof k]ZsL lbO{g] 5}g .
t/ k]ZsL glbO{ sfd rNg g;Sg] cj:yfdf jf sfof{nodf
h8fg, dd{t ubf{ jf ;Demf}tf cg';f/ clu|d e'QmfgL lbg' kg]{
ePdf clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] k]ZsL lbg ;Sg]5 . o;/L
lbPsf] k]ZsL sfd ;dfKt ePsf] ldltn] ;ft lbgleq vr{sf]
kmf+6jf/L ;lxt af+sL gub bflvnf ug'{ kg]{5 .
u_ a}+s dfkm{t k|ltt kq vf]nL ljb]zLaf6 dfn;fdfg vl/b
ul/Psf]df dfn;fdfg k|fKt ePsf] ldltn] ;ft lbgleq
k|lttkq vf]Nbf hDdf u/]sf] k]ZsL /sd km5\of}{6 ug'{ kg]{5 .
11
 3_ s'g} sfdsf] 7]Ssf :jLs[t e};s]kl5 zt{ adf]lhdsf] sfd
tfd]n ug'{ jf k]ZsL km5\of}{6 ug{ Dofb a9fpg' kg]{ ljz]if
kl/l:ylt kg{ cfPdf clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] Dofb yk ug{
;Sg]5 . To;/L Dofb yk ubf{ a}+s jf cGo s'g} Uof/]06Lsf]
Dofb gf£g] /x]5 eg] ;f] Uof/]06Lsf] Dofb a9fO{ dfq Dofb yk
ug'{ kg]{5 .
ª_ k]ZsL km5\of}{6sf] lglDt o; ljlgodfjnL adf]lhd k]z x'g
cfPsf] kmf+6jf/Lx? hf+rL PSsfO{; lbgleq k]ZsL km5\of}{6 u/L
;f]sf] hfgsf/L ;DalGwt sd{rf/LnfO{ ;ft lbgleq
lnlvt?kdf ;"rgf lbg' kg]{5 .
r_ o; lgod adf]lhd k]ZsLsf] kmf+6jf/L a'emfpg jf k]ZsL
km5\of}{6 ug{ Dofb tf]lsPsf]df dgfl;j sf/0fjz ;dodf sfd
x'g g;sL Dofb gf3]sf] / sf/0f dgfl;j eP csf]{ kGw|
lbg;Dd clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] Dofb ylklbg ;Sg]5 .
5_ k]ZsL lng] JolQmn] o; lgoddf tf]lsPsf] Dofbdf k]ZsL
km5\of}{6sf lglDt kmf+6jf/L k]z gu/]df Dofb ;lsPsf] ldltb]lv
vr{sf] kmf+6jf/L k]z u/]sf ldlt;Ddsf] nflu jflif{s !@
k|ltztsf b/n] / af+sL gubsf] xsdf jflif{s !% k|ltztsf
b/n] ;"b ;d]t nufO{ c;'n pk/ ul/g] 5 .
h_ v08 -5_ adf]lhd k]ZsL km5\of}{6 ug{ tfs]tf ubf{ klg
kmf+6jf/L k]z ug{ c6]/ ug]{ JolQmnfO{ k]ZsL km5\of}{6 ug]{ tkm{
;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 . Ps k6s k]ZsL km5\of}{6
gu/L ;f]xL JolQmnfO{ csf]{ k6s k]ZsL lbOg] 5}g .
em_ v08 -5_ adf]lhd k]ZsL km5\of}{6 ug{ tfs]tf ubf{ klg
kmf+6jf/L k]z ug{ c6]/ ug]{ sd{rf/LnfO{ sd{rf/Lsf] ;]jf zt{
;DaGwL ljlgodfjnL cg';f/ ljefuLo ;hfo ug{ ;lsg]5 .

@_ pkljlgod -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg a; b'3{6gf

;DalGw sfdn] lnPsf] k]ZsLdf ljdf bfjL / cbfntsf] km};nf klv{g
kg]{ /sddf eg] ;f] af/]sf] lg0f{o e} g;s];Dd sfd ;lsPsf] 7xg]{
5}g . t/ ljdf bfjL / cbfntsf] lg0f{o kv{g' kg]{ afx]s ;f]xL sfdsf]

12
 l;nl;nfdf lnPsf] af+sL k]ZsL ;a} ljlgodfjnLsf] !* sf] -5_
adf]lhd km5\of}{6 ug'{ kg]{5 .

!(= cfGtl/s n]vf kl/If0f / a]?h' km5\of}{6 ;DaGwL Joj:yf M–

;+:yfsf] lx;fa lg/Gt/ hf+r u/L ;dod} q'6L kQf nufO{ cBfjlws ?kdf
/fVg n]vf k|d'vn] b]xfosf sfdx? ug]{ 5g\ M–
s_ clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] cfGtl/s n]vf k/LIf0f tyf clGtd n]vf
k/LIf0f u/fO{ g;s]s]f a]?h' c;'n km5\of}{6 ug'{ u/fpg' kg]{5 . a]?h'
km5\of}{6 ug'{ u/fpg' kg]{ kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/L ;?jf eO{, sfh lkmtf{
eO{, cjsfz eO{ jf cGo s'g} sf/0fn] ;f‰f oftfoftdf 5f]8\g' kbf{
km5\of}{6 x'g af+sL /x]sf] a]?h'sf] nut tyf sf/jfxLsf] ljj/0f
xfnjfnfnfO{ a'emfpg' kg]{5 . a]?h' lgoldtsf] nflu k]z x'g cfPsf]df
clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] klg ;f] ;DaGwdf ;dod} lg0f{o ug'{ kg]{5 .
v_ ah]6df lglb{i6 sfo{qmd adf]lhd sfo{ ;Dkfbgsf] n]vf k/LIf0f u/L
oyfy{ l:ylt b]lvg] k|ltj]bgx? tof/ u/L k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t
;dIf k]z ug]{ .
u_ ;f‰f oftfoftsf] sfo{qmdnfO{ s'zntfk"j{s ;+rfng ug{ / lskmfot
;fy sfd x'g] h'g;'s} ljifodf klg cfGtl/s n]vf k/LIfsn] cWoog
u/L k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t tyf clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L ;dIf k]z
ug]{ .
3_ ;+:yfsf] cfly{s sf/f]af/ lgoldt tyf ;f‰f oftfoftsf] lxtdf 5–5}g\
eGg] s'/fdf lgoldt?kdf hf+r u/L clgoldttf, Iflt jf xflg–
gf]S;fgL b]lvPsf] s'/f k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t ;dIf k]z u/L lgoldt
u/fpg' kg]{, ;dy{g u/fpg' kg]{ / k|df0f ;+sng u/fpg' kg]{
ljifox?sf] nflu ;DalGwt JolQmx?nfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg] .
ª_ clGtd n]vf k/LIf0f k|ltj]bgx?df cf}+NofOPsf q'6Lx?df ;+:yfn] ug'{
kg]{ sf/jfxLsf] ;DaGwdf k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[tnfO{ ;Nnfx lbg],
k|ult ljj/0f k]z ug]{ / ;'emfjx?sf] sfof{Gjogsf] lgldQ sfo{qmd
tof/ ug]{ .
r_ cfGtl/s n]vf k/LIf0f ;DaGwdf ;+rfns ;ldlt tyf k|d'v sfo{sf/L
clws[t4f/f lgb]{lzt cGo sfo{ ug]{ .

13
@)= n]vf k/LIf0f / km5\of}{6 ;DaGwL Joj:yf M

!_ ;+:yfsf] n]vf k/LIf0f sfg"g adf]lhd Ohfhtk|fKt btf{jfn n]vf

k/LIfs4f/f x'g]5 .
@_ n]vf k/LIf0fsf] lgldQ cBfjlws n]vf / /Ltk"j{ssf] cfly{s ljj/0f
n]vf k|d'vn] tof/ u/L /fVg' kg]{5 .
#_ n]vf k/LIf0faf6 b]lvPsf a]?h'x? clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] tf]ls
lbPsf] Dofbleq km5\of}{6 ug]{, u/fpg] pQ/bfloTj n]vf k|d'v tyf
n]vf zfvfsf ;DalGwt sd{rf/Lsf] x'g]5 . Dofbleq km5\of}{6 ug{
g;Sg] ePdf clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L ;dIf k]z u/L Dofb yk u/fO{
lbg' kg]{5 . clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Lsf] sfdsf] a]?h' ePdf lgheGbf
Ps txdflysf] clwsf/L ;dIf k]z u/L Dofb ykfpg' kg]{5 .
$_ clGtd n]vf k/LIf0f x'+bf jf cfGtl/s jf cfsl:ds k/LIf0f x'+bf
;f]lwPsf s'/fx?sf] hjfkm ;DalGwt JolQmn] ;f]xL ;dod} lbg' kg]{5 .
;dodf k]z ug{ g;Sg] egL Dofb dfu u/]df / dgfl;j dflkmssf]
sf/0f ePdf clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] kGw| lbgsf] Dofb lbg ;Sg]5 .
%_ pk–ljlgod -#_ adf]lhd lbPsf Dofbleq ;f]lwPsf hjfkm jf dfu
u/]sf] n]vf k]z ug{ c6]/ u/]df clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] a]?h'sf]
lauf] c;'n ug{ sf/jflx u/L ;DalGwt sd{rf/LnfO{ ;]jf ;DaGwL
lgod cg';f/ laefuLo ;hfo ug{ ;Sg]5 .

14
 kl/R5]b – %
;DklQsf] lhDdf, nut ;+/If0f / a"ema'emf/y
@!= ;DklQsf] lhDdf M

!_ ;+:yfsf] sfof{nodf /x]sf] gub, a}+s df}Hbft, r]s / To;sf] >]:tf

n]vf clws[t jf n]vfsf] sfd ug]{ d'Vo sd{rf/Lsf] lhDdf /xg] 5 .
lhG;L dfn;fdfg tyf tt\;DalGw >]:tf / cfDbfgLsf] cGo
sfuhftx? :6f]/ k|d'vsf] lhDdfdf /xg] 5 .
@_ pk–ljlgod -!_ adf]lhd lhDdfdf /x]sf] ;DklQsf] lxgf–ldgf gx'g]
u/L nut >]:tf ;lxt To;sf] ;+/If0f ug]{ u/fpg] st{Jo clwsf/
k|fKt clwsf/Lsf] x'g]5 .
#_ pk–ljlgod -@_ adf]lhd sfd ug{ clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] cfkm\gf]
hjfkmb]xLdf cfkm"eGbf d'lgsf cGo sd{rf/LnfO{ nufpg ;Sg]5 .
$_ pk–ljlgod -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg sfof{nosf]
pk/s0fx? / sfof{nosf] ;+rfng ;DaGwdf k|of]u x'g] dfn;fdfg /
To:tf dfn;fdfgsf] nut ;+/If0f ug]{ u/fpg] st{Jo :6f]/ zfvfsf]
k|d'vsf] x'g]5 . To:tf dfn;fdfg / To:tf dfn;fdfgsf] clen]vsf]
;+/If0f ug]{ u/fpg] clGtd pQ/bfloTj k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[tsf]
x'g]5 .

@@= lhG;L dfnsf] nut tof/ ug]{ M

!_ sfof{nodf k|fKt x'g cfPsf lhG;L dfn;fdfgx? bflvnf x'gf;fy
gfktf}n, uGtL h] ug'{ kg]{ u/L a'lemlnO{ ;f] dfn;fdfgsf] d"No / b/
;d]tsf] nut tof/ u/L :6f]/ zfvfsf] k|d'vn] lhG;L vftfdf ;ft
lbgleq cfDbflg af+lw To;sf] bflvnf k|ltj]bg k|zf;g zfvfdf
k7fpg' kg]{5 .
@_ pk–ljlgod -!_ adf]lhd sfof{nodf k|fKt x'g cfPsf dfn;fdfgx?
v/Lb ljlqmsf] 7]Ssf ;Demf}tfdf k|fljlwsaf6 h+rfO{ a'lemlng] Joj:yf
ePsf]df ;f] adf]lhd / cGo cj:yfdf dfn;fdfg a'lem lng]
JolQmnfO{ ;f] dfn;fdfg pko'{Qm u'0f:t/sf] 5}g eGg] nfu]df
k|fljlwsaf6 hrf+O lghaf6 k|dfl0ft u/fO{ a'lemlng' kg]{5 .

15
@#= lhG;L ;DklQsf] ;+/If0f M
!_ clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/L cfkm}n] jf cfkm\gf] pQ/bfloTjdf lnlvt?kdf
tf]lsPsf] sd{rf/Ln] ;+:yfsf] lhG;L ;DklQ / To;sf] n]vfsf] lxgf–
ldgf, xflg–gf]S;fgLaf6 arfpg', ;+/If0f ug'{, cfjZostfg';f/ dd{t
;+ef/ ug'{, u/fpg' kg]{5 .
@_ o; ljlgodfjnL adf]lhd lhG;L ;DklQsf] ;+/If0f ug'{ kg]{ st{Jo
ePsf sd{rf/Ln] cfkm\gf] st{Jo k"/f gu/]sf] sf/0faf6 s'g}
dfn;fdfgsf] xflg gf]S;fgL x'g uPdf To;sf] ;Dk"0f{ lhDd]jf/L jxg
ug'{ kg]{5 .

@$= lhG;L ;DklQsf] lg/LIf0f M

!_ lgod @@ adf]lhd nut tof/ u/L /flvPsf] dfn;fdfgx? s] s:tf
cj:yfdf 5g\, k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[tn] sDtLdf jif{sf] Ps k6s
cfkm} jf cfkm\gf dftxtsf s'g} sd{rf/L / cfjZos eP k|fljlws
;d]t /fvL lg/LIf0f u/L jf u/fO{{ To;sf] k|ltj]bg lnlvt?kdf /fVg'
kg]{5 . lg/LIf0f k|ltj]bg k|fKt ePkl5 lhG;L dfn;fdfgsf] dd{t,
;+ef/ / ;+/If0f ug]{ u/fpg] Joj:yf ldnfpg' kg]{5 .

@_ pk–ljlgod -!_ adf]lhd lg/LIf0f k|ltj]bgdf b]xfosf s'/fx? :ki6

v'n]sf] x'g' kg]{5
s_ lhG;L lstfadf cfDbfgL af+lwPsf dfn;fdfgx? /
jf:tljs?kdf ePsf ;fdfgx? le8\5g\ le8\b}gg\,
v_ dfn;fdfgsf] ;+/If0f / ;+ef/ /fd|f];+u ePs]f 5 5}g,
u_ s] slt lhG;L dfn;fdfgx? dd{t ug'{ kg]{ cj:yfdf 5g\,
3_ s] slt dfn;fdfgx? a]sDdf eO{{ lnnfd ljqmL jf ;8fpg' kg]{
cj:yfdf 5g\,
ª_ lhG;L dfn;fdfgsf] xflg–gf]S;fgL eP gePsf] / ePdf s;sf]
nfk/jflxaf6 ePs]f xf],
r_ lhG;L lstfadf cfDbfgL gaf+lwPsf lhG;L dfn;fdfg eP s]
slt / s:tf] cj:yfdf 5g\ /,
5_ cGo cfjZos ;'emfjx? .
16
 #_ pk–ljlgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] lg/LIf0fsf] cltl/Qm k|d'v sfo{sf/L
clws[t cfkm" :jo+ jf cfkm\gf] dftxtsf c? s'g} sd{rf/Lx?4f/f
cfsl:ds lg/LIf0f ug{ u/fpg ;Sg]5 .

@%= Xf; s§L M

vr{ gx'g] lhG;L ;DklQsf] Xf; s§L b/ k|rlnt sfg"gdf pNn]v eP
adf]lhd x'g]5 .

@^= lnnfd jf ljqmL ;DalGw Joj:yf M

!_ clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Lsf] :jLs[lt glnO{ ;f‰f oftfoftsf] lhG;L
dfn;fdfg lnnfd, ljqmL jf cGo s'g} k|lqmofaf6 s;}nfO{ x:tfGt/0f
ug{ u/fpg x'+b}g .
@_ lnnfd ljqmL ug'{ cl3 lnnfd ug]{ dfnsf] gfd, vl/b ldlt, vl/b
d'No, Xf; s§Lkl5sf] d"No ;d]t vf]lnPsf] ;"rL ;d]t tof/ u/L
;+sng ug'{ kg]{5 . pk/f]Qm adf]lhd ljj/0f v'nfpg g;Sg] k|s[ltsf]
;fdfg /x]5 eg] ;f]xL Joxf]/f vf]nL tf}n jf luGtLsf] cfwf/df k|rlnt
ahf/ d"Nosf] cfwf/df d"No sfod ug'{ kg]{5 .
#_ lnnfd ug'{ kg]{ dfn;fdfgsf] Xf; s§L u/L jt{dfg ahf/ d"No ;d]t
ljrf/ u/L cfjZos b]lvPdf ;DalGwt k|fljlws ;d]t ;+nUg ePsf]
;+rfns ;ldltn] tf]s] ad]flhdsf] d"NofÍg ;ldltsf] /fo l;kmfl/;
lnO{ ;f]sf] cfwf/df d"No sfod ug'{ k5{ . ;+:yfn] sfod u/]sf
Go"gtd d"NoeGbf sddf lnnfd ljqmL ug{ ;lsg] 5}g .
$_ pk–ljlgod -@_ / -#_ adf]lhd tof/ ul/Psf] km]xl/:tdf pNN]fv
ePsf ;fdfgx? vl/b ug{ OR5's JolQm jf kmd{x?af6 slDtdf
tLgj6f vl/b ug]{ b/–efp kq k|fKt ePkl5 dfq To:tf] dfnj:t'sf]
lnnfd ljqmL ug'{ kg]{5 .
%_ pk–ljlgod -$_ adf]lhd slDtdf tLgj6f b/–efp k|fKt gePdf
k|fKt ePsf] b/–efp kqnfO{ sfod} /fvL k'gM slDtdf & lbgsf] ;"rgf
k|sflzt u/L b/–efp kq dfu ug'{ kg]{5 . ;f] adf]lhd ubf{ klg s'g}
b/–efp kq yk bflvnf x'g gcfPdf jf tLgj6f gk'u]df klg k|fKt
ePsf b/–efp kqnfO{ vf]nL sfo{jflx ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
17
 ^_ ;+:yfsf a;x?df k|of]u eO{ sfd gnfUg] eP/ lgsflnPsf] OlGhg
cfon, 6«fG;ldzg cfon h:tf t}lno kbfy{x?, ;fdfgx? vl/b u/L
cfPsf] KoflsË jf ef8fsf] ?kdf k|of]u ePsf 8«d, l6g jf Knfli6ssf
hls{g jf o:t} k|s[ltsf l56f] gf; x'g ;Sg] ;fdfgx?sf] xsdf k|d'v
sfo{sf/L clws[tn] # j6f a9fa9sf] b/–efp kqs]f cfwf/df Ps
k6sdf ?=%,)),)))÷– -kf+r nfv_ ;Ddsf] d"No kg]{ ;fdfg lnnfd
ljqmL ug]{ clwsf/ k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t jf ;+rfns ;ldltaf6
clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/LnfO{ x'g]5 .
&_ lnnfd ljqmL ubf{ ckgfpg' kg]{ sfo{ljlw k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd
x'g]5 .

@&= a/a'emf/y ug'{ kg]{ M

!_ gubL, lhG;L dfn;fdfg / n]vf tyf cfDbfgL >]:tf cflbsf] lhDdf

lng] sd{rf/L ;fwf/0ftof ;?jf, a9'jf eO{ jf cjsfz k|fKt u/L jf
cGo s'g} sf/0fn] ;f‰f oftfoft 5f8L hf+bf jf ;f] sfdaf6 cnu
x'+bf k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[tn] tf]sLlbPsf] JolQmnfO{ cfkm\gf] lhDdfsf]
gubL, lhG;Lsf] a/a'emf/y ug'{ u/fpg' kg]{5 .
@_ pk–ljlgod -!_ adf]lhd a/a'emf/y ug]{ st{Jo ePsf sd{rf/Ln]
Dofb tf]lslbPsf]df ;f] Dofb leq jf Dofb gtf]lslbPsf] cj:yfdf
;ft lbgleq a/a'emf/y ug'{ kg]{5 .
#_ pk–ljlgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] Dofbleq a/a'emf/y ug{ g;Sg] ePdf
Dofbleq a/a'emf/y ug{ g;Sgfsf] sf/0f vf]nL lgj]bg lbPdf cj:yf
larf/ u/L k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[tsf] :jLs[ltaf6 ;ft lbg;Ddsf]
Dofb yk x'g ;Sg]5 .
$_ a/a'emf/y x'+bf gubL, lhG;L dfn;fdfg tyf cGo >]:tf cflbsf]
xflg gf]S;flg, lxgf–ldgf ePsf] b]lvPdf To:tf xflg–gf]S;fgL jf
lxgf–ldgf h;sf] sf/0faf6 x'g uPsf] xf] ;f] sd{rf/Laf6 lgodfg';f/
c;'n pk/ ul/g] 5 .
%_ a/a'emf/y ubf{ s'g} sd{rf/Lsf] ;xof]u cfjZos e} dfu ePdf k|d'v
sfo{sf/L clws[tn] oyflz3| To:tf] sd{rf/LnfO{ v6fO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
18
 ^_ a/a'emf/y ug]{ st{Jo ePsf] sd{rf/L gf]s/Laf6 cjsfz lnO{ ;s]sf]
/ 3/ 7]ufgf kQf gnfu]sf] jf d/]sf] jf :jf:Yosf] sf/0faf6 xf];\,
7]ufgf gePsf] jf af}nfPsf] /x]5 / To:tf] sd{rf/Ln] ug'{ kg]{
a/a'emf/y lghsf] kl/jf/sf] /f]xj/df k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[tn]
tf]s]sf] JolQmn] hf+rL, a'lem lhDdf lng' kg]{5 .
@*= a/a'emf/y gug]{ sd{rf/L pk/ ljefuLo sf/jfxL ul/g] M
hfFra'em ubf{ a/a'emf/y ug'{ kg]{ st{Jo ePsf s'g} sd{rf/Ln] a/a'emf/y
u/]sf] gb]lvPdf cfjZos Joj:yf ldnfO{ a/a'emf/y ug{ nufpg' kg]{5 .
a/a'emf/y gug]{ sd{rf/LnfO{ clVtof/jfnfn] ljefuLo sf/afxL ug{ ;Sg]5 .

@(= tna, eQf, pkbfg /f]Ssf ul/g] M

Dofbleq a/a'emf/y gug]{ JolQm axfnjfnf sd{rf/L eP lghsf] tna, eQf
/f]Ssf ul/g] 5 / axfn 6['l6;s]sf] eP lghsf] pkbfg tyf lghn] ;+:yfaf6
kfpg] cGo ;'ljwf ;d]t /f]Ssf /fvL a/a'emf/y ug{ nufO{g] 5 . To;f] ubf{
klg s'g} /sd af+ls /xg uPdf k|rflnt g]kfn sfg"g adf]lhd lghsf] rn
crn ;DklQaf6 c;'n pk/ ug{ sf/jflx ul/g] 5 .

#)= jxfnjfnf cg'kl:yt /x]sf] cj:yfdf a/a'emf/y ug]{ M

a/a'emf/y lgldQ jxfnjfnf sd{rf/L ;dodf pkl:yt x'g gcfPdf ;fljs
jfnfn] cfkm"eGbf Ps tx d'lgsf] sd{rf/LnfO{ / ;f] gePdf k|d'v sfo{sf/L
clws[tn] tf]s]sf] JolQmnfO{ a/a'emf/y ug'{ kg]{5 . jxfnjfnf xflh/ x'g
cfPkl5 ;fljsjfnfaf6 a'lem lng] sd{rf/Ln] klg lgod @& sf] pkljlgod -
@_ / -#_ adf]lhdsf] Dofbleq a/a'emf/y ug'{ kg]{5 .

#!= a/a'emf/ysf] k|df0f–kq M

!_ o; lgod adf]lhd a/a'emf/y ug]{ st{Jo ePsf sd{rf/LnfO{ ;f]
adf]lhd a/a'emf/y ul/;s]kl5 a'em\g] / a'emfpg] JolQmx?sf] ;+o'Qm
e/kfO{ k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t jf lghn] tf]s]sf] sd{rf/L ;dIf k]z
u/]kl5 lghn] pQm a/a'emf/y sf] sfuh k|dfl0ft ug'{ kg]{5 .

19
@_ a/a'emf/y ug]{ JolQm jxfn 6'6]sf] sd{rf/L eP pk–ljlgod -!_
adf]lhd k|df0f–kq k]z gu/L lghnfO{ pkbfg tyf cGo ;'ljwf lbO{g]
5}g .

20
 kl/R5]b – ^
vl/b, lgdf{0f,dd{t tyf ;]jf pknAwL
#@= dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{ / ;]jfsf] ljj/0f tof/ ug'{ kg]{ M
-!_ ;+:yfn] dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{ jf ;]jf vl/b ug{' cl3
cfjZostfg';f/ To; ;DaGwL :k]l;lkms]zg, of]hgf, gSzf, l8hfOg,
ljz]if cfjZostf Jff cGo ljj/0fx? tof/ ug{' kg{]5 .
-@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] ljj/0f tof/ ubf{ To:tf dfn;fdfg,
lgdf{0f sfo{ jf ;]jfsf] ;Da¢ j:t'ut k|fljlws tyf u'0f:t/hGo
ljz]iftf / sfdsf] cfwf/df tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ pkljlgod -!_ / -@_ adf]lhd ljj/0f tof/ ubf{ dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f
sfo{ jf ;]jfsf] ljz]iftfx? :ki6?kdf a'lemg] u/L pNn]v ug]{ csf]{
s'g} pkfo gePsf] cj:yfdf afx]s s'g} vf; a|f08, 6]«8dfs{, gfd,
k]6]06, l8hfOg, k|sf/, pTklQ jf pTkfbssf] gfd pNn]v ug{ ;lsg]]
5}g .
t/ To;/L pNn]v gu/L gx'g] cj:yfdf s'g} vf; a|f08, 6]«8dfs{, gfd,
k]6]06, l8hfOg, k|sf/, pTklQ jf pTkfbssf] gfd pNn]v u/L æ;f]
;/xÆ eGg] zAbx? pNn]v ug{ ;lsg]5 .
-$_ af]nkq jf k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhftdf dfn;fdfg jf lgdf{0f sfo{
jf cGo ;]jfsf] k|fljlws jf u'0f:t/hGo ljz]iftfx?sf] ljj/0f /
k/LIf0f -6]l:6ª_, dfls{Ë, Kofs]lhË, n]alnË jf k'i6Ls/0fsf] k|df0fkq -
sgkm/ld6L ;l6{lkms]6_ ;DaGwL cfwf/ jf ;Í]t jf zAbfjnL pNn]v
ubf{ To:tf] dfn;fdfg jf lgdf{0f sfo{ jf cGo ;]jfsf] sfd;Fu
c;Da4 x'g] of]Uo af]nkqbftfnfO{ vl/b k|lqmofdf ;xefuL x'g s'g}
lsl;dn] afwf k'¥ofpg] jf cf}lrTo ljgf k|lt:kwf{nfO{ ;Lldt ug]{ u/L
ljj/0f, cfwf/, ;Í]t jf zAbfjnL pNn]v ug{ ;lsg] 5}g .

##= nfut cg'dfg tof/ ug'{ kg]{ M

-!_ ;+:yfn] vl/bsf] nflu nfut cg'dfg tof/ ug{' kg]{5 .
t/ lgdf{0f sfo{sf] xsdf afx]s kf+r nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] vl/b ug{
nfut cg'dfg ug{' kg]{ 5}g .
-@_ ;+:yfn] pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd tof/ ePsf] nfut cg'dfg
cBfjlws u/L /fVg' kg]{5 .
21
#$= :jLs[t ug'{ kg]{ M
-!_ ;+:yfn] lgod #@ adf]lhdsf] ljj/0f / ljlgod ## adf]lhdsf] nfut
cg'dfg :jLs[t ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ ljlgod #@ adf]lhdsf] ljj/0f / ljlgod ## adf]lhdsf] nfut
cg'dfg ljz]if sf/0f k/L ;+zf]wg ug'{ k/]df afx]s Psk6s :jLs[t
ePsf] l8hfOg jf nfut cg'dfgdf ;+zf]wg ug'{ kbf{ To:tf] ;+zf]wg
z'?sf] nfut cÍdf kRrL; k|ltzt eGbf a9L km/s k/]df jf q'l6k"0f{
l8hfOg u/]sf] jf c:jfefljs nfut c'gdfg tof/ u/]sf] sf/0fn]
vl/b sfo{ k|efljt ePdf To:tf] l8hfOg jf nfut cg'dfg tof/,
hfFr jf :jLs[t ug]{ kbflwsf/L / ;f] sfo{df ;+nUg k/fdz{bftf
k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd sf/afxLsf] eflubf/ x'g]5 .

#%= vl/b of]hgf tof/ ug'{ kg]{ M

;+:yfn] Ps jif{eGbf a9L cjlw;Dd ;~rfng x'g] of]hgf jf
cfof]hgfsf] nflu vl/b ubf{ jf jflif{s Ps s/f]8 ?k}+ofFeGbf a9L
/sdsf] vl/b ubf{ vl/bsf] u'? of]hgf -df:6/ k|f]So'/d]06 Knfg_ /
jflif{s vl/b of]hgf tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .

#^= df}h'bf ;"rL tof/ ug'{ kg]{ M

-!_ ;+:yfn] ug{] vl/bsf] nflu vl/bsf] k|s[lt cg';f/ cfk"lt{stf{, lgdf{0f
Joj;foL, k/fdz{bftf, u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yf jf ;]jf k|bfossf]] of]Uotfsf]
5'§f5'§} ;"rL tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ s'g} cfk"lt{stf{, lgdf{0f Joj;foL, k/fdz{bftf, u}/;/sf/L ;+:yf jf
;]jf k|bfosn] pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] ;"rLdf ;dfj]z x'g rfx]df
tf]lsPsf] sfuhft ;lxt ;+:yfdf lgj]bg lbg' kg]{5 .
-#_ ;+:yfn] pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] df}h'bf ;"rL cBfjlws ug{'kg{]5 .
-$_ pkljlgod -#_ sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu ;DalGwt cfk"lt{stf{, lgdf{0f
Joj;foL, k/fdz{bftf, u}/;/sf/L ;+:yf jf ;]jfk|bfosn] ;"rL
cBfjlws ug{ k|To]s jif{ ;+:yfdf lgj]bg lbg' kg]{5 .

22
#&= vl/b sfo{sf] lhDd]jf/L M
-!_ o; ljlgodfjnL adf]lhdsf] sfo{ljlw k"/f u/L vl/b ;DaGwL sfo{
ug{], u/fpg] lhDDf]jf/L k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[tsf] x'g]5 .
-@_ ;+:yfn] b]xfosf] sfd ug{sf] nflu s'g} clws[t sd{rf/LnfO{ vl/b
clwsf/L tf]Sg ;Sg]5 M–
-s_ vl/b of]hgf tof/ ug]{,
-v_ ;fj{hlgs vl/b cg'udg sfof{non] tof/ u/]sf] gd"gf af]nkq
;DaGwL sfuhft -:6\of088{ ljl8Ë 8s'd]06_, gd"gf k"j{ of]Uotf
;DaGwL sfuhft -:6\of088{ lk|Sjflnlkms]zg 8s'd]06_, gd"gf vl/b
;Demf}tf ;DaGwL sfuhft -:6\of088{ sG6«ØfS6 8s'd]06_ df
;fdfGotof ;f/e"t?kdf km/s gkg]{ u/L cfjZostf cg';f/ k"j{
of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhft, af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft / vl/b ;Demf}tf
;DaGwL sfuhft tof/ ug]{,
-u_ ;fj{hlgs vl/b cg'udg sfof{non] tof/ u/]sf] gd"gf k|:tfj dfu
;DaGwL sfuhft -:6\of088{ l/Sj]:6 km/ k|kf]hn_ df ;fdfGotof
;f/e"t?kdf km/s gkg]{ u/L cfjZostf cg';f/ k/fdz{ ;]jfsf]
k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhft tof/ ug]{,
-3_ vl/b ;DaGwL ;"rgf ;fj{hlgs ?kdf k|sfzg ug]{,
-ª_ k"j{ of]Uotf ;DaGwL sfuhft, af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft ljt/0f ug{]
jf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfj ;DaGwL sfuhft k7fpg],
-r_ k"j{ of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj, af]nkq jf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfj k|fKt ug]{ /
To;nfO{ ;'/lIft tl/sfn] /fVg],
-5_ kg{ cfPsf k"j{ of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj, af]nkq jf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfj
d"NofÍgsf] nflu d"NofÍg ;ldltdf k]z ug]{ / d"NoflÍt af]nkq
:jLs[ltsf] nflu k]z ug]{,
-h_ k"j{ of]Uotfsf] k|:tfj, af]nkq jf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] k|:tfj :jLs[ltsf]
;"rgf lbg]],
-em_ sfo{ ;Dkfbg hdfgt lng] / To;sf] k/LIf0f u/L ;'/lIft tl/sfn]
/fVg],
-`_ vl/b u/]sf] dfn;fdfg, lgdf{0f sfo{ jf ;]jfsf] u'0f:t/ k/LIf0f ug{]
u/fpg], /
-6_ tf]lsPsf] cGo sfo{ ug]{ .
23
#*= clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Lsf] cfb]z lagf vl/b jf vr{ ug{ gx'g] M
clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Lsf] lnlvt cfb]z lagf sfof{nosf] nflu cfjZos kg]{
s'g} klg dfn;fdfg vl/b ug{ jf sfof{nosf] s'g} sfd ug{df vr{ ug{ x'Fb}g
.

#(= dfn;fdfg vl/b ug]{ Joj:yf M

!_ ;f‰f oftfoftsf] lgldQ rflxg] dfn;fdfgsf] vl/b, 9'jfgL jf dd{t

ubf{ jf ;]jf pknAw ubf{ clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] b]xfo adf]lhdsf]
tl/sf ckgfpg' kg]{5 .

s_ Ps k6sdf ?=%,)),))) -kfFr nfv_ ;Dd ;f]em} :yflgo

ahf/af6,

v_ ?=%,)),))! -kf+r nfv Ps_ b]lv dfly ?=!),)),))) -bz

nfv_ ;Dd # j6f l;naGbL b/–efp kqsf] -sf]6]zg_
cfwf/af6,

u_ v08 -v_ df tf]lsPsf] c+sb]lv dfly hlt;'s} ?k}of+sf] eP klg

af]nkq -6]08/_ jf 36f364f/f .

@_ pk–ljlgod -!_ sf] v08 -v_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg

b]xfosf] cj:yfdf b/–efp kq jf jf]nkq4f/f vl/b ug{ cfjZos x'g]
5}g M–

s_ ljb]lz ;/sf/ jf cGt/fli6«o Ph]lG;4f/f lgwf{l/t ljqmL df]ndf

vl/b ubf{ .

v_ ;+rfns ;ldlt4f/f lgwf{/0f -;"lrs[t_ ul/Ps]f VoftL k|fKt

pTkfbgx?af6 ;f]em} jf ltgsf clws[t Ph]06 dfkm{t lgwf{l/t
df]ndf vl/b ubf{ .
24
 u_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] sfof{no jf ;/sf/L :jfldTj ePsf] ;+ul7t
;+:yf sDkgL dfkm{t jf To;sf clws[t Ph]06x?af6 ;f] ;+:yf
jf sDkgLaf6 pTkflbt jf ;f] ;+:yfaf6 ljqmL x'g] dfn;fdfg
;+:yf jf sDkgL4f/f lgwf{l/t ljqmL df]ndf vl/b ubf{ .
3_ k|rlnt g]kfn sfg"g adf]lhd btf{ ePsf] ;f‰f ;xsf/L
;+:yfaf6 lgwf{l/t ljqmL df]ndf vl/b ubf{ jf ;]jf pknAw
ubf{ .

ª_ vf; sfdsf] lgldQ vf; dfn g} rflxg] ePdf jf ;+:yf4f/f

:jLs[lt ePs]f pko'{Qm k|f]k|fO6/L dfn ;fdfg ;f] dfn;fdfgsf]
lgof{t sDkgL jf clws[t k|ltlglwaf6 vl/b ubf{ .

:kli6s/0f M o; ljlgodsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu æk|f]k|fO6/L dfn;fdfgÆ

eGgfn] Ps lgdf{tf afx]s c? lgdf{tfaf6 pTkfbg gePsf] laz]if
dfn;fdfg ;Demg' k5{ .

-#_ pkljlgod -@_ df plNnlvt cj:yfdf afx]s af]nkq cfJxfg u/L

tTsfn dfn;fdfg vl/b ug{ gEofpg] ljz]if kl/l:ylt k/]df ;f]sf] sf/0f
:ki6 ?kdf v'nfO{ ;ldltsf] :jLs[lt lnO{ b/efp kq -sf]6]zg_ åf/f
dfn;fdfg vl/b ug{ ;lsg]5 .
-$_ af]nkq 5Ng] p2]Zon] k6s k6s vl/b ug{ u/fpg x'“b}g .

$)= lk|Sjflnlkms]zg ug'{ kg]{ M

!_ ljlgod #( -u_ df tf]lsPsf] /sdsf] xbeGbf a9L ?k}+ofsf] lgdf{0f

tyf dd{t ;fdfu|L ;DalGw 7]Ssfsf] af]nkq cfJxfg ug'{eGbf cl3
/fli6«o :t/sf] kq–klqsfdf lk|Sjflnlkms]zgsf] nflu ;+rfns
;ldltn] tf]s]s]f Dofbleq b/vf:t cfJxfg ug'{ kg]{5 .
@_ pk–ljlgod -!_ adf]lhd b/vf:t cfJxfg ubf{ k|d'v sfo{sf/L
clws[tn] tf]s] adf]lhdsf] k|Zgx? tof/ u/L ;"rgf k|sfzg ug'{
kg]{5 .
25
 #_ pk–ljlgod -!_ / -@_ df n]lvPb]lv afx]ssf] lk|Sjflnlkms]zg
;DalGw cfwf/x?, d"NofÍg ef/, 5gf}6 ;ldlt h:tf cGo sfo{ljlw
;+rfns ;ldltn] tf]s] adf]lhd x'g]5 .

$!= b/–efp kq -sf]6]zg_ åf/f vl/b, lgdf{0f jf dd{t ug]{ M

!_ ljlgod #( sf] pk–ljlgod -!_ sf] v08 -v_ adf]lhd b/–efp kq -

sf]6]zg_ 4f/f vl/b ubf{ ;DalGwt dfn;fdfg vl/b ubf{ jf s'g}
lgdf{0f dd{t jf ;]jf pknAw ubf{ slDtdf ltgj6f kmd{ sDkgL;+u
b/–efp kq k|fKt u/L ;a}eGbf sd d"Nodf lbg] kmd{ jf sDkgL;+u
dfn;fdfg vl/b ug{ jf s'g} lgdf{0f, dd{t jf ;]jf pknAw ug'{ kg]{5
.

@_ pk–ljlgod -!_ adf]lhd sd d"Nosf] b/–efp kq lbg] kmd{ sDkgLsf]

x}l;ot, l:ytL, dfn;fdfgsf] u'0f:t/ / b/–efp kqsf zt{x? k"/f
ug{ ;Sg], g;Sg] ljrf/ u/L bf]>f] sd b/jfnf;+u klg vl/b ug{
;lsG5 .
t/ To;/L vl/b ug'{ kbf{ sf/0f hgfO{ Ps txdflysf] clws[tsf]
:jLs[tL lng' kg]{5 .

#_ pk–ljlgod -@_ adf]lhd b/–efp kq4f/f vl/b ug{ jf ;]jf pknAw

ug{ / lgdf{0fdf ;d]t b/–efp kq lng] k|of]hgsf] lgldQ :jb]zL tyf
ljb]lz /lhi68{ kmd{ sDkgLsf] gfd ;"lrs[t ug{ cfkmgf] gfd, 7]ufgf
k|i6 vf]nL k7fpg k|d'v /fli6«o kq–klqsfx?df ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf ug'{
kg]{5 .

$_ pk–ljlgod -#_ adf]lhd k|fKt ePsf kmd{ sDkgLx?sf] gfd, 7]ufgf

pTkflbt j:t'x?sf] u'0f:t/ / kmd{ jf sDkgLsf] ljZj;lgotf
;d]tnfO{ ljrf/ u/L ;+rfns ;ldltaf6 :jLs[t u/fO{ ;"rLs[t u/L
/fVg' kg]{5 . b/–efp kq4f/f dfn vl/b ubf{ dfnsf] u'0f:t/ eP ;f]
;d]t pNn]v u/L To:tf kmd{ sDkgLx?;+u b/–efp kq lng' kg]{5 .

26
 %_ pk–ljlgod -$_ adf]lhd ;"rLs[t ePsf kmd{ jf sDkgLx?af6 b/–
efp kq k|fKt gePdf c?;+u b/–efp kq lnO{ vl/b lgdf{0f jf cGo
;]jf pknAw u/fpg o; lgodn] jfwf kg]{ 5}g .

$@= b/–efp kq4f/f ljb]zaf6 ;fdfg vl/b ug]{ M

ljlgod $! sf] pk–ljlgod -!_ cg';f/ b/–efp kq4f/f ljb]zaf6 ;fdfg

vl/b ug'{ kbf{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] tl/sf ckgfpg' kb{5 M–

s_ ljlgod $! sf] pk–ljlgod -$_ adf]lhd :jLs[t ;Knfo;{x?

dWo]af6 sDtLdf ;ft lbgsf] ;"rgf 6]n]S;, km\ofS; jf 6]nLu|fdaf6
lbO b/–efp kq -sf]6]zg_ dflug] 5 .
v_ v08 -s_ adf]lhdsf] Dofbleq sd;]sd tLg b/–efp kq pknAw
gePdf b/–efp kq glbg] ;Knfo;{x?nfO{ tfs]tf kq k7fO{ kf+r
lbgsf] ;"rgf lbO{ b/–efp kq cfdGq0f ul/g] 5 .

u_ v08 -v_ adf]lhdsf] Dofbleq klg Pp6} dfq b/–efp kq k|fKt

ePdf ;f]lx b/–efp kqsf] cfwf/df dfn;fdfgx? vl/b ug{ ;lsg] 5
.

3_ PseGbf a9L b/–efp kq k/]df cf}lrTosf] cfwf/df ;a}eGbf sd b/–

efp kqeGbf kf+r k|ltzt;Dd dflyNnf] b/sf] b/–efp kq :jLs[t
ug{ ;lsg] 5 .

$#= wf]vfk"0f{ Jojxf/ ug]{nfO{ sfnf] ;"rLdf /fVg] M

;+:yf;+usf] Jofkfl/s sf/f]jf/df a]OdfgL jf wf]sfk"0f{ Jojxf/ ug]{

;Knfo;{sf] gfd eljiodf Jofkfl/s sf/f]jf/df cof]Uo lgwf{/0f u/L sfnf]
;"rLdf ;dfj]z ug{ ;lsg] 5 .

27
$$= cf]e/xn tyf l/sl08zg u/]sf] ;fdfgx?sf] vl/b Joj:yf M

!_ ;+:yfn] b]xfosf] cj:yfdf cf]e/xn tyf l/sl08zg u/]sf] ;fdfgx?

vl/b ug{ ;Sg]5 .

s_ gof+ ;fdfgsf] df]n dxËf] ePsf] / cf]e/xn tyf l/sl08zg

u/]sf ;fdfgx?af6 ;'/Iffdf tyf k|of]udf s'g} vt/f gx'g] eO{
gof+ ;fdfg h:t} ;]jf k'¥ofpg ;Sg] cj:yfsf] ePdf,

v_ gof+ ;fdfgx? gkfOPdf jf ljqm]tfn] pknAw u/fpg] ;dofjlw

w]/} nfdf] eO{ ;+:yfsf] sfddf 7'nf] jfwf kg]{ jf xflg–gf]S;fgL
kg{ hfg] ePdf /

@_ cf]e/xn tyf l/sl08zg u/]sf] ;fdfgx? vl/b ubf{ To:tf

;fdfgx?sf] lj:t[t k|fljlws ljj/0fx? lng' kg]{5 .

#_ o; ljlgod adf]lhd vl/b u/]sf] cf]e/xn tyf l/sl08zg u/]sf]

;fdfg ;+:yf / ljqm]tflar ;xdlt jf ;Demf}tf ePsf] ;doeGbf
klxn] ljlu|g uPdf laqm]tfaf6 Ifltk'lt{ c;'n pk/ x'g;Sg] Joj:yf
ug'{ kg]{5 .

$%= pks/0f tyf kf6{k"hf{x?sf] cf]e/xn dd{t M

!_ pks/0f / To;sf kf6{k"hf{ cflbsf] cf]e/xn, dd{t / df]l8lkms]zg

u/fpgsf] nflu To:tf sfd ug]{ lgsfo tyf Ph]G;Lx? k|d'v sfo{sf/L
clws[tn] 5gf}6 u/L :jLs[tsf] nflu To:tf lgsfo tyf Ph]G;Lx?sf]
gfd ;+rfns ;ldltdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .

@_ pk–ljlgod -!_ adf]lhd k]z eO{ ;+rfns ;ldltaf6 :jLs[t ePsf]

lgsfo tyf Ph]G;Lx?;+u k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[tn] k|rlnt s/f/
sfg"g adf]lhd s/f/ ug'{ kg]{5 .

28
 #_ ;+:yf;+u s/f/ ePsf] lgsfo tyf Ph]G;LnfO{ dfq pk–ljlgod -!_
adf]lhdsf] pks/0fsf] cf]e/xn / dd{t ug{ lbg' kg]{5 . t/ pks/0f
kf6{k"hf{ cflbsf] dd{t ug'{ kbf{ sfdsf] cfjZostfnfO{ x]/L
?=@,)),))) -b'O{ nfv_ ;Ddsf] dd{t Hofnf nfUg]df h'g;'s} lgsfo
jf Ph]G;Laf6 u/fPdf klg o; ljlgodfjnLn] afwf k'¥ofPsf] dflgg]
5}g .

$_ cf]e/xn ug]{ lgsfo tyf Ph]G;Ln] dd{t ubf{ cfly{s b[li6n] kmfObf
gx'g] egL 3f]lift u/]sf] ;fdfu|Lx?sf] s'g} cfly{s d"No gePsf] dfgL
k|To]s cfly{s jif{sf] cGtdf To:tf ;fdfgx?sf] ;"rL tof/ u/L nut
s§fsf] nflu ;+rfns ;ldltdf k]z ug'[ kg]{5 .

%_ pk–ljlgod -$_ adf]lhd nut s§f ePsf] ;fdfgx? lnnfd jf ljqmL

ul/g] 5 .

$^= af]nkq ;DaGwL sfo{ljlw M

!_ af]nkq cfJxfg u/L dfn;fdfg vl/b ubf{ jf lgdf{0f sfo{ u/fpFbf
af]nkq ;DaGwL sfuhft tof/ u/L clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Laf6
:jLs[t eO{;s]kl5 /fli6«o :t/sf] kq–klqsfdf b]xfosf s'/fx? v'nfO{
slDtdf b'O{ k6s;Dd ;"rgf k|sflzt ug'{ kg{]5 M–
s_ dfn;fdfg jf sfdsf] ljj/0f kl/df0f,
v_ af]nkq k7fpg' kg]{ tl/sf,
u_ af]nkq jfkt nfUg] b:t'/,
3_ af]nkq bflvnf ug'{ kg]{ Dofb,
ª_ af]nkq k7fpg' kg]{, clwsf/Lsf] gfd,
r_ af]nkq vf]Ng] ldlt, ;do / :yfg,
5_ hdfgt jfktsf] /sd,
h_ cGo cfjZos s'/fx? .

@_ af]nkq bflvnf ug'{ kg]{ Dofb lb+bf kGw| nfv ?k}ofF ;Ddsf] af]nkqsf]
nflu kGw| lbg, kGw| nfv ?k}ofF eGbf dfly krf; nfv ?k}ofF ;Ddsf]
af]nkqsf] nflu PSsfO{; lbg ;f] eGbf a9L /sdsf] af]nkq eP
29
 cfjZostfg';f/ k}+tfnL; lbg b]lv tLg dxLgf ;Ddsf] Dofb lbg'
kg]{5 .

#_ af]nkq lbg] JolQmn] af]nkqsf] ;fy gub hdfgt jf k|rlnt sfg'g

adf]lhd :yflkt a}+ssf] a}+s Uof/]l06 ln+bf ;f‰f oftfoftn] dfu]sf]
avt a}+sn] t'?Gt e'Qmflg lbg' kg]{ / 7]Ssf ;Demf}tfdf pNn]lvt
cjlwdf Uof/]06L x'g] zt{ ePdf dfq a}+s Uof/]06L dfGo x'g]5 .

$_ af]nkq lbg] JolQmn] ;+rfns ;ldltn] tf]s] ad]flhdsf] ?k}Fof lt/L

k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t jf clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Lsf] b:tvt ePsf],
;f‰f oftfoftsf] 5fk nfu]sf] af]nkq kmf/fd lsGg' kg]{5 / To:tf]
af]nkq kmf/fdsf] ;fydf af]nkq ;DalGw sfuhft -6]08/ 8s'd]G6_
klg ;+nUg x'g' kg]{5 . af]nkq kmf/fdsf] cltl/Qm l8hfO{g, gSzf,
lng' k/]df k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[tn] tf]lslbP adf]lhd /sd ltl/ lng'
kg]{5 . lgdf{0f sfo{ ubf{ jf ;]jf pknAw ubf{ jf dfn;fdfg ln+bf–
lb+bf 7]s]bf/n] kfngf ug'{ kg]{ d'Vo–d'Vo zt{x? af]nkq kmf/fddf
pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .

%_ af]nkq kmf/fd ljqmL ePsf] / af]nkq btf{ ePsf] ljj/0f 5'§}

lstfadf pNn]v ul/ /fVg' kg]{5 .
^_ af]nkq lb+bf pk–ljlgod -$_ adf]lhdsf] af]nkq lbg] JolQmn] af]nkq
;DalGw sfuhftdf eg'{ kg]{ ;Dk'0f{ ljj/0f e/L b:tvt u/L lbg'
kg]{5 .

&_ pk–ljlgod -!_ sf] v08 -5_ adf]lhdsf] hdfgt jfktsf] /sd
bflvnf ubf{ cfkm'n] sa'n u/s]f c+ssf] ;f9] b'O{ k|ltztn] x'g] c+s
a/fa/sf] /sd af]nkq ;fy bflvnf ug'{ kg]{5 / af]nkq :jLs[t
ePkl5 :jLs[t ePsf] c+ssf] kf+r k|ltztn] x'g cfpg] /sddf gk'u
/sd bflvnf ug'{ kg]{5 . ;f] Jof]xf]/f af]nkq ;DalGw ;"rgfdf klg
v'nfpg' kg]{5 .

30
 *_ 7]s]bf/x?af6 hdfgt jfkt lnO{g] a}+s Uof/]l06 jf k/km/]G; j08sf]
Dofb e'Qmflgsf] lgoGq0f ug{ To;sf] /lhi6«/ v8f u/L /fVg' kg]{5 .

(_ Ps k6s bflvnf ePsf] af]nkq lkmtf{ lng'÷lbg' x'+b}g .

$&= cGt/f{li6«o af]nkq dfu ubf{ s'6g}lts lgof]ux?nfO{ ;"rgf lbg' kg]{ M–

cGt/f{li6«o af]nkq -Unf]an 6]08/_ dfu ubf{ g]kfn /fHo l:yt ljb]lz
s'6g}lts lgof]ux?nfO{ ;d]t af]nkqsf] ;"rgf k7fpg' kg]{5 . t/ s'g}
;Demf}tf adf]lhd s'g} vf; d'n'saf6 dfq af]nkqsf] dfu ug'{ k/]df To:tf]
d'n's afx]s c? d'n'ssf] s'6g}lts lgof]ux?nfO{ ;"rgf ug'{ kg]{ 5}g

$*= lab]zLn] af]nkq lb+bf v'nfpg' kg]{ s'/fx? M

!_ ljb]zL kmd{, sDkgL jf JolQmn] cGt/f{li6«o af]nkq nufot s'g}

af]nkq lb+bf To:tf] kmd{, sDkgL jf JolQmn] af]nkqdf b]xfosf s'/fx?
;d]t pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .
s_ g]kfn /fHoleq cfkm\gf] s'g} :yfgLo Ph]06 jf k|ltlglw lgo'Qm
ePsf] jf gePsf],

v_ Ph]06 jf k|ltlglw lgo'Qm ePsf] eP M–

!_ Ph]06 jf k|ltlglwsf] gfd / 7]ufgf,

@_ Ph]06 jf k|ltlglwn] kfpg] sldzgsf] c+s d'b|fsf]

lsl;d / e'Qmflgsf] tl/sf,

#_ Ph]06 jf k|ltlglw;+u ePsf] cGo s'g} zt{ .

@_ ljb]zL kmd{, sDkgL jf JolQmsf] tkm{af6 :yfgLo Ph]06 jf k|ltlglwn]

s'g} af]nkq lb+bf af]nkqdf pk–ljlgod -!_ sf] v08 -v_ sf] pkv08
-@_ / -#_ adf]lhd s'/fx? pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .
31
$(= af]nkq vf]Nbf ;lx5fk u/fpg' kg]{ M

!_ ljlgod $^ sf] pk–ljlgod -!_ adf]lhdsf] ;"rgf cg';f/ kg{

cfPsf af]nkqx? ;f]xL ;"rgfdf tf]s]sf] ldlt / ;dodf pkl:yt x'g]
af]nkq lbg]x? jf lghx?sf] k|ltlglwx?sf] /f]xj/df vf]nL pkl:yt
x'g] ;a}sf] ;lx5fk ug'{ u/fpg' kg]{5 . af]nkq bftfsf] cg'kl:ylt
ePdf klg af]nkq vf]Ng] sfo{df s'g} afwf kg]{ 5}g .

@_ pk–ljlgod -!_ adf]lhd vf]lnPsf] af]nkq 7]Ssfsf] s'n /sdsf]

cfwf/df k'/} jf cf+lzs :jLs[lt ug]{, gug]{ / 7]Ssf lbg], glbg]
clwsf/ ;+rfns ;ldltdf lglxt /xg] 5 .

%)= af]nkq :jLs[t ug]{ clwsf/L / lghsf] clwsf/ / st{Jo M

!_ b]xfosf clwsf/LnfO{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] af]nkq :jLs[t ug]{ clwsf/

x'g]5 M–

s_ ?=!),)),))) -bz nfv_ b]lv dfly ?=@),)),))) -lj;

nfv_ ;Ddsf] k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t jf ;+rfns ;ldltaf6
clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Laf6,

v_ ?=@),)),))) -lj; nfv_ eGbf dfly hlt;'s} /sd eP klg

;+rfns ;ldltaf6 .

@_ af]nkq :jLs[t ug]{ clwsf/Lsf] b]xfo adf]lhdsf] st{Jo x'g]5 M–

s_ o; ljlgodfjnL adf]lhdsf] l/t gk'u]sf] af]nkq :jLsf/ ug'{
x'+b}g .

v_ ;fwf/0ftM ;a}eGbf 36L b/jfnfsf] af]nkq :jLs[t ug'{ kg]{5 .

af]nkqx? e/kbf]{ eP gePsf] cflb s'/fs]f cltl/Qm cfly{s
x}l;otsf] klg Vofn /fVg' k5{ / 36Ljfnfsf] af]nkq :jLsf/
ug{ dgfl;j gb]lvPsf] sf/0f :ki6 vf]nL ;f] eGbf a9Ljfnfsf]
32
 af]nkq klg :jLsf/ ug{ ;lsg] 5 . o;/L ;a}eGbf 36L b/
ePsf] af]nkqeGbf a9Ljfnfsf] af]nkq :jLs[t ug'{ kbf{ Ps
tx dflyNnf] clwsf/Lsf] k"j{ :jLs[lt lng' kg]{5 .

u_ nfut Oli6d]6 ePsf]df ;f] nfut Oli6d]6 x'+bf sfod ePsf]

c+ssf] ;os8f bz;Dd a9L c+ssf] af]nkqx? dfq kg{ cfPdf
To:tf] c+s a9\gfsf] sf/0fx? dgfl;j eP ;f] s'/f hgfO{
ah]6sf] Joj:yf ldnfO{ :jLs[t ug{ ;lsg] 5 .

3_ nfut Oli6d]6 c+ssf] ;os8f bzeGbf a9L sd;]sd ltgj6f

af]nkq kg{ cfPdf af]nkq lbg]x?af6 Oli6d]6 c+ssf] bz
k|ltzteGbf al9 x'g cfPsf sf/0fx? v'nfO{ ah]6sf] Joj:yf
ldnfO{ Ps txdflysf] clwsf/Lsf] ;xdtL lnO{ clGtd 36f36
u/L af]nkq :jLs[t ug{ ;lsg] 5 .

ª_ Ps dfq af]nkq kg{ cfPdf ;fdfGotM k'g csf]{ af]nkq dfu

ug'{ k5{ . t/ ;f] af]nkqdf sa'n ul/Psf] /sd :jLs[t nfut
Oli6d]6 c+sleq kg{ cfPdf jf dfn vl/bdf To:tf dfnsf]
df]n ;+:yfaf6 lgwf{l/t b/ a/fa/ jf ;f] eGbf 36L b]lvPdf jf
k'gM af]nkq dfu ubf{ sfo{qmd jf sfddf l9nfO{ x'g hfg]
ePdf Ps txdflysf] clwsf/Lsf] ;xdlt lnO{ ;f] af]nkq
:jLs[t ug{ ;lsg] 5 .

r_ Pp6f klg af]nkq gk/]df jf Ps dfq af]nkq k/]df v08 -ª_

adf]lhdsf] af]nkq gePdf k'gM af]nkq dfu ug'{ kg]{5 . k'gM
af]nkq dfu ubf{ klg Ps dfq af]nkq kg{ cfPdf Ps
txdflysf] clws[tsf] ;xdlt lnO{ To:tf] af]nkq :jLs[t ug{
;lsg] 5 . b'O{ k6s af]nkq cfJxfg ubf{ klg af]nkq gk/]df /
k'gM af]nkq dfu ubf{ sfddf afwf kg]{ ePdf ;+rfns
;ldltsf] :jLs[tL lnO{ b/–efp kq jf nfut ;DalGw s'g}
cfwf/ lnO{ cf}lrTosf] cfwf/df jftf{4f/f vl/b ug]{ jf lgdf{0f
ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
33
 5_ dflysf] v08x?df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg cGt/f{li6«o
af]nkq -Unf]an 6]08/_ df kg{ cfPsf af]nkqx? dWo] /sdsf]
b[li6sf]0fn] bz k|ltzt;Dd a9L c+s b]lvg cfP tfklg
g]kfndf pTkflbt j:t' jf ;]jf ;DalGw s'/fx? ePdf
To:tf]nfO{ g} k|fyldstf lbg' kg]{5 .

h_ s'g} klg sf/0faf6 k'gM af]nkq dfu ubf{ ljlgod $^ sf] pk–
ljlgod -@_ cg';f/sf] clwstd Dofb lbg' clgjfo{ x'g] 5}g .

#_ pk–ljlgod -@_ df n]lvPsf] cj:yfdf afx]s 7]Ssf ;Demf}tfdf cGo

s'g} c;fwf/0f cj:yf k/]df ;+rfns ;ldltdf k]z u/L lgsfzf eP
adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{5 .
$_ k'gM af]nkq ug'{ kbf{ z'?sf] af]nkqjfnfnfO{ klg sfod /fvL af]nkq
cfJxfg ug{ ;lsg]5 .
%_ o; kl/R5]b adf]lhd slt /sd;Ddsf] 7]Ssf k§f g]kfnL gful/snfO{
dfq lbg] eGg] ;DaGwdf ;+rfns ;ldltn] lg0f{o ug]{5 . To:tf] 7]Ssf
k§f g]kfnL gful/snfO{ lbg gkfO{ ljb]zL gful/snfO{ lbg' k/]df
;ldltsf] :jLs[lt lng' kg]{5 .

%!= af]nkqdf sf/jfxL gx'g] M

lgDg lnlvt l/t gk'u]sf] af]nkqdf sfo{jfxL ul/g] 5}gM–

s_ ;+:yfaf6 ljqmL ePsf] af]nkq kmf/fddf e/L gcfPsf],

v_ l;naGbL e} gcfPsf],
u_ af]nkq lbg]sf] ;lx5fk eO{ gcfPsf],
3_ Dofbleq bflvnf x'g gcfPsf],
ª_ lgod $^-$_ adf]lhd pNn]v ug'{ kg]{ s'/fx? pNn]v gu/]sf] jf unt
pNn]v u/]sf],
r_ af]nkq cfdGq0f u/]sf] ;"rgfdf pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf] hdfgt
jfktsf] /sd hDdf u/]sf sfuhft ;+nUg gePsf] .

34
%@= ;fj{hlgs 36f36sf] Joj:yfM

!_ af]nkq4f/f dfn;fdfg vl/b ubf{ jf lgdf{0f jf dd{t sfdsf] lgldQ

7]Ssf jGbf]j:t ubf{ ;dodf sfd gx'g] jf cGo sf/0faf6 ;+:yfnfO{
xflg–gf]S;fgL x'g] b]lvPdf ;+rfns ;ldltaf6 :jLs[lt lnO{ ;fj{hlgs
36f36 u/L 7]Ssf jGbf]j:t ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
@_ pk–ljlgod -!_ adf]lhd 36f36 ug'{ kbf{ lgDg s'/f vf]nL slDtdf
;ft lbgsf] Dofb lbO{ ltg k6s ;"rgf kqklqsfdf k|sfzg u/L
k|rf/ ug'{ kg]{5 .

s_ dfn;fdfg jf sfdsf] ljj/0f,

v_ 36f36 x'g] :yfg,
u_ 36f36 x'g] ;do / :yfg,
3_ 8f+s :jLs[t ePdf /fVg' kg]{ 7]s c+ssf] kf+r k|ltzt hdfgt
;f]xL lbgdf g} /fVg' kg]{5 .
ª_ cGo cfjZos s'/fx? .

%#= ;fj{hlgs 36f36sf] 8f+s :jLs[t ug]{ clwsf/Lsf] clwsf/ / st{Jo M

;fj{hlgs 36f36sf] 8f+s :jLs[t ug]{ clwsf/L / To:tf] clwsf/Lsf] clwsf/

/ st{Jo ;+rfns ;ldltn] tf]s] adf]lhd x'g]5 .

%$= hdfgt lng' kg]{ M

;+:yf;+u ePsf] 7]Ssf ;Demf}tfsf] zt{cg';f/ k]ZsL lbg' kg]{ ePdf
cfjZostfg';f/ a}+s Uof/]06L lnO{ dfq k]ZsL lbg ;lsg] 5 . o;/L Uof/]06L
ln+bf ;+:yfn] dfu]sf avt a}+sn] t'?Gt e'Qmflg lbg' kg]{ zt{df dfq a}+s
Uof/]06L dfGo x'g]5 . a}+s Uof/]06L afx]s cGo Uof/]06L lng' kg]{ ePdf
;+rfns ;ldltsf] :jLs[lt lng' kg]{5 . g]kfn ;/sf/sf] krf; k|ltzteGbf
a9L k"+hL nufgL ePsf] ;+:yfaf6 s'g} k|sf/sf] hdfgt lng' kg]{ 5}g .

35
%%= :jLs[ltsf] ;"rgf tyf 7]Ssf ;Demf}tf ug]{ M

!_ oL lgodx? adf]lhd af]nkq jf 36f36 8f+s :jLs[t e};s]kl5

af]nkq :jLs[t ug]{ clwsf/Ln] ;ft lbgleq of] ;"rgf ;DalGwt
JolQmnfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .

@_ pk–ljlgod -!_ adf]lhd ;"rgf kfPkl5 To:tf] ;"rgf kfpg] JolQmn]

af6f]sf] Dofb afx]s ;ft lbgleq 7]Ssf ;Demf}tf ul/;Sg' kg]{5 .
7]Ssf ;Demf}tf u/fp+bf af]nkqdf zt{ / sfd ug]{ tflnsf tyf
7]Ssfsf zt{x? af]nkqsf sfuhft ;d]tsf] cfwf/df ldtJolotf /
sfo{qmdcg';f/ sfd ;DkGg ug]{ u/L 7]Ssf ;Demf}tf u/fpg' kg]{5 .

#_ pk–ljlgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] Dofbleq xflh/ gePdf jf 7]Ssf

;Demf}tf ug{ dGh'/ gu/]df lghsf] hdfgt jfkt /x]sf] ?k}+of hkmt
ul/g] 5 / lghkl5sf] qmdfg';f/sf] 36L af]nkq lbg] JolQmx?nfO{
pk–ljlgod -!_ adf]lhd ;"rgf lbO{ cfjZos hdfgt lnO{ 7]Ssf
aGbf]a:t ug{ ;lsg] 5 . t/ To;/L 7]Ssf aGbf]j:t ubf{ klxnf]
af]nkq lbg] JolQmsf] af]nkqsf] bz k|ltzt c+seGbf a9L x'g' x'+b}g /
a9L ePdf k'gM af]nkq cfJxfg ug'{ kg]{5 . k'gM af]nkq cfJxfg ubf{
sfddf afwf kg]{ ePdf ;+rfns ;ldltsf] ;xdlt lnO{ a9Ljfnf;+u
7]Ssf ;Demf}tf ug{ ;lsg] 5 .

$_ Ps k6s eO{;s]sf] 7]Ssf ;Demf}tf ;+:yf pk/ cfly{s bfloTj a9\g]

u/L yk–36 ug'{ k/]df ;+rfns ;ldltsf] k"j{ :jLs[lt k|fKt ug'{ kg]{5
. cfly{s bfloTj ga9\g] / ;+:yfnfO{ xflg gf]S;fgL gkg]{ u/L c?
dgfl;j s'/fx?nfO{ lnP/ 7]Ssf ;Demf}tfdf ;+zf]wg ug'{ kg]{ 7x/fPdf
7]Ssf :jLs[t ug]{ clwsf/Ln] ljrf/ u/L ;+zf]wg ug{ ;Sg]5 .
%^= lardf 7]Ssf tf]8\g gkfO{g] M
!_ oL lgodx? adf]lhd 7]Ssf ;Demf}tf eO{ ;s]kl5 7]Ssf lbg] clwsf/L
/ 7]Ssf lng] JolQm b'j}sf] dGh'/L lagf 7]Ssf cjlw e'Qmflg gx'+b}
ljrdf 7]Ssf tf]8\g jf 5f]8\g kfpg] 5}g .

36
 t/ 7]Ssf ;Demf}tf adf]lhdsf] sfd z'? gu/]df jf sfd z'? u/L
ljrdf 5f]8]df jf 7]Ssf ;Demf}tf adf]lhdsf] sfd ;Gtf]ifhgs ?kdf
gu/]df 7]Ssf lbg] clwsf/Ln] 7]Ssf tf]8\g ;Sg]5 . o;/L ljrdf
7]Ssf eË ePsf]df 7]s]bf/n] hdfgt jf cGo s'g} sfd jfkt /fv]sf]
/sd hkmt x'g]5 / csf]{ 7]s]bf/ v8f u/L ljrdf 7]Ssf tf]8L cw'/f]
sfd k"/f ug]{ 7]s c+seGbf h] hlt a9L vr{ kb{5 gf]S;fgL ePsf]
/sd 7]s]bf/af6 c;'n pk/ ul/g] 5 .

%&= 7]Ssf /sdsf] e'Qmflg M

!_ o; ljlgodfjnL adf]lhd ;+:yf;+u ePsf] 7]Ssf ;Demf}tf adf]lhd

7]s]bf/nfO{ /sd e'Qmflg lb+bf e'Qmflg lbg] /sdsf] c+ssf] kf+r
k|ltzt /sd kl5 lkmtf{ lbO{g] u/L af+ls /fv]/ dfq e'Qmflg lbg' kg]{5
. s'g} lsl;dsf] s/ nfUg] 5 eg] e'Qmflg lb+bf pQm s/ s§f u/L
g]kfn ;/sf/sf] /fhZjdf hDdf ug'{ kg]{5 .

@_ ;+:yfn] s'g} dfn jf j:t' vl/b u/]sf]df To:tf] dfn jf j:t'sf]

lgdf{tfn] pNn]v u/]sf jf/]06L cjlw ;dfKt ePkl5 / lgdf{0f tyf
dd{t ;+ef/ ;DalGw 7]Ssfsf] xsdf ;Demf}tfdf pNn]v eP
adf]lhdsf] dd{t cjlw ;dfKt ePkl5 7]Ssf ;Demf}tf adf]lhdsf]
sfo{ ;dfKt ePsf] elg clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] k|bfg u/]sf k|df0f–
kq / tt\;DalGw sfo{sf] ljj/0f ;DalGwt s/ sfof{nodf k]z u/L
;DalGwt s/ sfof{noaf6 k|bfg ul/Psf] s/ km5\of}{6 k|df0f–kq
;+:yfsf] sfof{nodf k]z u/]kl5 dfq pk–ljlgod -!_ adf]lhd af+ls
/fv]sf] /sd ;DalGwt 7]s]bf/nfO{ lkmtf{ lbOg] 5 .

#_ 7]Ssf ;DalGw sfdsf] nflu 7]s]bf/n] af]nkq bflvnf ubf{sf] cj:yfdf

/ af]nkq :jLs[t ePkl5 ;+:yfsf] sfof{nodf bflvnf u/]sf] hdfgt
jfktsf] /sd klg pk–ljlgod -@_ adf]lhdsf] k|lqmof k'/f u/]kl5
dfq ;DalGwt 7]s]bf/nfO{ lkmtf{ lbO{g] 5 .

37
%*= dfn hf+rL lng] jf sfd hf+r ug'{ kg]{ M
ahf/ vl/b, b/–efp kq jf af]nkq4f/f o; ljlgod adf]lhd k|fKt ePsf
dfn;fdfg cfjZostfg';f/ ;DalGwt k|fljlws jf ljz]if14f/f hrf+O lng'
kg]{5 . lgdf{0f ;DalGw sfd clgjfo{?kdf ;DalGwt k|fljlwsaf6 hf+r u/L
:jLs[t u/fpg' kg]{5 .

%(= cdfgtaf6 sfd ubf{sf] Joj:yf M

s'g} lgdf{0f sfo{ cdfgtaf6 ul/Psf]df ;f] lgdf{0fsf] lgldQ vl/b ug'{ kg]{
dfn;fdfg jf ;]jf nfutleq /xL Ps k6sdf ?=!),)),)))÷– -bz nfv_
;Dd k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t jf ;+rfns ;ldltaf6 clwsf/ k|fKt
clwsf/Lsf] :jLs[ltaf6 / ;f] eGbf dfly ;+rfns ;ldltn] tf]lslbP adf]lhd
x'g]5 .

^)= Hofnf M
;+:yfsf] sfddf nufpg] Hofnfsf] b/–/]6 ;+rfns ;ldltn] ;do–;dodf
tf]ls lbP adf]lhd x'g]5 .

^!= 7]Ssfsf] Dofb yk ug{ ;Sg] / xhf{gf ltg'{ kg]{ M

b}jL k|sf]k jf cfkm\gf] sfa' aflx/sf] kl/l:yltaf6 7]Ssf ;Demf}tfdf pNn]lvt
cjlwleq 7]Ssf k'/f ug{ g;s]sf] sf/0fn] Dofb yksf] nflu dfu u/]df ;f]
sf] sf/0f dgfl;j b]lvPdf 7]Ssf lbg] clwsf/Ln] ;+rfns ;ldltn] tf]s]sf]
cjlw;Ddsf] nflu Dofb yk ul/ lbg ;Sg]5 . Dofbleq sfo{ ;Dkfbg
gePdf / ;dodf k'/f ug'{ kg]{ sfd gu/]df ;Knfo/ jf 7]s]bf/af6 xhf{gf
lt/fpg' kg]{5 . xhf{gf lbg' kg]{ s'/f 7]s]bf/;+u x'g] 7]Ssf ;Demf}tfdf klg
;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 .

^@= k|fljlws jf ;]jf lng ;lsg] M

!_ ;+:yfsf] of]hgf th'{df, ;DefJotf cWoog, 8«OË, l8hfO{g,
:k]lzlkms]zg, ;j]{If0f / lgdf{0f sfo{sf] /]vb]v, dd{t ;Def/
dfn;fdfgx?sf] vl/b ljlqm, sfg"gL ;Nnfx, sfg"g th{'df nufot
cGo s'g} k|fljlws jf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] nflu s'g} k|fljlws jf
k|fljlw1x?sf] ;d'x jf k/fdz{ bft[ ;+3, ;+:yfaf6 k|fljlws jf
38
 k/fdz{ ;]jf lng cfjZos ePdf ;DalGwt ljz]if1x?;+u k|fljlws jf
k/fdz{ ;]jf lng ;lsg] 5 .
t/ k|fljlws jf k/fdz{ ;]jf lngsf] nflu ah]6 :jLs[t eO{ ;s]sf]
/x]g5 eg] To:tf] k|fljlws jf k/fdz{ ;]jf lng] ;DaGwdf ;ldltsf]
:jLs[tL cfjZos kg]{5 .

@_ pk–ljlgod -!_ adf]lhd k|fljlws jf k/fdz{ ;]jf ln+bf k|fljlws jf

k/fdz{ ;]jf jfkt nfUg] b]xfo adf]lhdsf] ;]jf z'Nssf] cfwf/df
;DalGwt ljifosf] k|fljlw1 jf k|fljlw1x?sf] ;d'x jf k/fdz{ bft[
;+3, ;+:yfaf6 lgo'lQm ubf{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] sfo{ljlw k'/f ug'{ kg]{5 .
s_ kfFr nfv ?k}+of;Ddsf] ;]jf z'Ns nfUg]df ;f]em} jftf{4f/f,
v_ kfFr nfv ?k}ofeGbf a9L bz nfv ?k}+of;Ddsf] ;]jf z'Ns
nfUg]df pk–ljlgod -$_ adf]lhd k/fdz{ ;]jf lng' kg]{
ljifosf] af/]df ;fdfGo k|fljlws tyf cfly{s k|:tfj ;lxtsf]
b/–efp kq4f/f,
u_ v08 -v_ df pNn]lvt ?k}+ofeGbf a9L ;]jf z'Ns nfUg] ePdf
pk–ljlgod -%_ adf]lhdsf] k|fljlws tyf cfly{s k|:tfj4f/f .
#_ pk–ljlgod -@_ sf] v08 -v_ / -u_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPs]f eP
tfklg g]kfn ;/sf/sf] krf; k|ltzt eGbf a9L k"+hL nufgL ePsf]
s'g} ;+:yfnfO{ k|fljlws jf k/fdz{ ;]jfsf] lgldQ lgo'lQm ug'{ kbf{
;+rfns ;ldltsf] :jLs[lt lnO{ aftf{af6 klg lgo'lQm ug{ ;lsg]5 .

$_ pk–ljlgod -@_ sf] v08 -v_ adf]lhd b/–efp kqsf] cfwf/df

k|fljlws ;]jf jf k/fdz{sf] nflu k|fljlws jf k|fljlw1x?sf] ;d'x jf
k/fdz{ bft[ ;+3, ;+:yfnfO{ lgo'lQm ug'{ kbf{ ;+:yfn] ;f] ;DaGwdf
tof/ u/]sf k|fljlw1 jf k|fljlw1x?sf] ;d'x jf k/fdz{ bft[
;+:yfx?n] b/–efp kq;fy ;+nUg u/]sf] cfly{s k|:tfj cWoog u/L
36Ljfnf b/–efp kq :jLs[t ug'{ kg]{5 .
%_ pk–ljlgod -$_ adf]lhd ;+:yfn] k|fljlw1 jf k|fljlw1x?sf] ;d'x jf
k/fdz{ bft[ ;+3, ;+:yfsf] ;"lr tof/ ubf{ k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd
btf{ eO{ cfos/ btf{ k|df0f–kq k|fKt k|fljlw1 jf k|fljlw1x?sf] ;d'x
jf k/fdz{ bft[ ;+3, ;+:yfnfO{ dfq ;"rLdf ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
39
^_ pk–ljlgod -@_ sf] v08 -u_ adf]lhd k|fljlws ;]jf jf k/fdz{sf]
nflu k|fljlw1 jf k|fljlw1x?sf] ;d'x jf k/fdz{ bft[ ;+3, ;+:yfnfO{
lgo'lQm ubf{ sfo{ ljj/0f -6D;{ ckm /]km/]G;_ tof/ ul/ ;f] adf]lhd
sfd ug{ OR5's k|fljlw1 jf k|fljlw1x?sf] ;d'x jf k/fdz{ bft[ ;+3,
;+:yfnfO{ k|fljlws tyf cfly{s k|:tfj k]z ug{ /fli6«o :t/sf] kq–
klqsf dfkm{t lznaGbL k|:tfj cfJxfg ug'{ kg]{5 .

&_ pk–ljlgod -^_ adf]lhd btf{ x'g cfPsf k|fljlws k|:tfjx? d"NofÍg
ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu b]xfo ad]flhd sfdsf] ljifoj:t"sf] cfwf/df c+s
ef/ k|bfg u/L k"0ff{Í !)) sfod ug'{ kg]{5 .
s_ ;]jf jf k/fdz{ lbg] , ljifodf k|fljlw1 jf k|fljlw1x?sf] ;d'x
jf k/fdz{ bft[ ;+3, ;+:yfsf] cfjZos Go"gtd of]Uotf, cg'ej
tyf bIftf,
v_ hgzlQmsf] sfo{bIftf, k|fljlws Ifdtf, sfo{ cg'ej tyf
of]Uotf ;DalGw ljj/0f,
u_ sfo{ ;DkGg ug]{ tl/sf, sfo{ljlw, ;do tflnsf tyf
hgzlQmsf] cg'dflgt nfut,
3_ ;DalGwt sfdsf] k|fljlws dfn;fdfg tyf pks/0f,
ª_ Joj:yfkg .

*_ pk–ljlgod -&_ adf]lhdsf cfwf/df d"NofÍg ul/Psf] k|fljlws

k|:tfjx? dWo] $) eGbf a9L c+s k|fKt u/]sf k|:tfjx?nfO{ k|fljlws
;"rLdf ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 .

(_ tLgj6f eGbf a9L k|:tfj btf{ x'g gcfPdf jf cfP tfklg k|fKtfÍ
$) eGbf sd ePdf k|fKtfÍ x'g]x? dWo] tLgj6f k|:tfjnfO{ ;"rLdf
;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 .

!)_ pk–ljlgod -*_ / -(_ adf]lhd k|fljlws ;"rLdf ;dfj]z ePsf

k|:tfjx?sf] cfly{s k|:tfj vf]nL ;a}eGbf sd k|:tfjjfnfsf] k|:tfj
:jLs[t ug'{ kg]{5 .

40
 !!_ pk–ljlgod !) adf]lhd :jLs[t k|:tfjjfnfn] :jLs[t k|:tfjdf
pNn]v ePsf] /sdsf] ! k|ltzt /sd a/fa/sf] a}+s Uof/]06L jf
k/km/]G; j08 k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
^#= cGt/f{li6«o ;+u7g;+u k|fljlws jf k/fdz{ ;]jf lng ;lsg] M
cGt/f{li6«o ;+u7gaf6 k|fljlws jf k/fdz{ ;]jf lng cfjZos ePdf clwsf/
k|fKt clwsf/Ln] To:tf] k|fljlws jf k/fdz{ ;]jf lng] ;DaGwdf ;DalGwt
ljz]if1x?;+u jftf{ u/L k|fljlws jf k/fdz{ ;]jf lng ;Sg] 5 .
^$= ef8fdf lng] jf lbg] M
!_ ;+:yfsf] nflu cfjZos k/]sf h'g;'s} dfn, j:t' jf 3/, hUuf cGo
JolQm;+u ef8fdf ln+bf jf ;+:yfn] cfkm\gf] h'g;'s} dfn, j:t' jf 3/,
hUuf cGo JolQmnfO{ ef8fdf lb+bf clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] To:tf]
dfn, j:t' jf 3/, hUuf ef8fdf lng] jf lbg] JolQm;+u jftf{4f/f
ef8f b/ sfod ug{ ;Sg]5 .

@_ pk–ljlgod -!_ adf]lhd jftf{4f/f sfod ePsf] ef8f b/ :jLs[t jf

c:jLs[t ug]{ clwsf/ ;+rfns ;ldlt jf ;ldltn] tf]s]sf]
clwsf/LnfO{ x'g]5 .

^%= ef}lts ;]jf k|fKt ug]{ M

!_ ;+:yfsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ h'g;'s} ef}lts ;]jf k|fKt ubf{ clwsf/
k|fKt clwsf/Ln] To:tf] ef}lts ;]jf pknAw u/fpg] JolQm, ;+:yf jf
Ph]06;+u jftf{4f/f pknAw u/fO{g] ef}lts ;]jf jfktsf] /sd lgwf{/0f
ug{ ;Sg]5 .

@_ pk–ljlgod -!_ adf]lhd jftf{4f/f to ePsf] k|:tfj :jLs[t

c:jLs[t jf /2 ug]{ clwsf/ ;+rfns ;ldlt jf tf]lsPsf]
clwsf/LnfO{ x'g]5 .

41
 kl/R5]b – &
ljljw

^^= ldGxf lbg] clwsf/ M

!_ ;f‰f oftfoftsf] nflu k|of]u ePsf] dfn;fdfgsf] ;'vg, r'xg / htL{

hfg] tyf 6'6km'6 cflb ePdf ldgfxf lbg] clwsf/ ;+rfns ;ldltnfO{
x'g]5 .

@_ ljefuLo k|d'vn] lhG;L dfn;fdfgsf] dd{t ;Def/ u/L dfn;fdfg

cBfjlws / ;'/lIft ;fy /fVg' kg]{5 . s;}sf] nfk/jflxaf6 geO{
k'/fgf] eO{ jf b}lj 36gf jf eljtJo k/L jf dgfl;j sf/0fn]
dfn;fdfgsf] gf]S;fgL ePsf] / ;f] dfn;fdfgsf] dd{t ;Def/ u/]/
klg sfd grNg] jf dd{t ;Def/ k/]/ klg kmfO{bf gx'g] b]lvPdf ;f]
s'/fx?sf] oyf;Dej k|df0f /flv k|i6 ljj/0f v'nfO{ n]vf k|d'v /
k|zf;g k|d'vsf] ;+o'Qm 7x/ ePdf dfn–j:t'sf] k/n df]ndf
?=%),))).– -krf; xhf/_ ;Ddsf] eP k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[tn] /
;f] eGbf a9L d"Nosf] eP ;+rfns ;ldltsf] lg0f{oaf6 dfq ldGxf lbg
;lsg] 5 .

^&= cfGtl/s sfo{{ljlw ;DaGwL lgb]{lzsf agfpg ;lsg] M

;+:yfsf] cfly{s sf/f]jf/nfO{ ;'Jojl:yt 9+uaf6 ;+rfng ug{sf] nflu

;+rfns ;ldltn] oL lgodx?sf] clwgdf /xL n]vf lgb]{lzsf, vl/b lgb]{lzsf
cflb cfly{s sfo{ljlw ;DaGwL cfGtl/s lgb]{lzsfx? agfO{ nfu' ug{ ;Sg]5 .

^*= clwsf/ k|Tofof]hg M

oL ljlgoddf ePsf] Joj:yf ;DaGwdf ldGxf lbg], /sdfGt/ :jLs[t ug]{,

of]hgf :jLs[t ug]{, nfut cg'dfg :jLs[t ug]{, 7]Ssf ;Demf}tf ;+zf]wg ug]{
clwsf/ afx]s c? clwsf/, clwsf/ k|fKt clwsf/Ln] cfkm\gf] pQ/bfloTjdf
;DalGwt clws[tnfO{ k|Tofof]hg ug{ ;Sg]5 .
42
^(= ladf ug'{kg]{ M

;+:yfn] k|rlnt P]g lgod adf]lhd cfkm\gf ;a} ;DklQx?sf] ladf u/fpg'
kg]{5 / cfjZotfcg';f/ sd{rf/Lx?sf] ;fd'lxs, JolQmut b'3{6gf ljdf
;d]t u/fpg ;Sg]5 .

&)= rf}dfl;s ;ldIff M

;+:yfsf] cfly{s lqmofsnfk nufot ;a} sfo{qmdx?sf] Joj:yfkgaf6

rf}dfl;s ;ldIff ul/Psf] k|ltj]bg rf}dfl;s?kdf g} ;+rfns ;ldltdf k]z
ug'{ kg]{5 .

&!= ;DklQs]f x:tfGt/0f / bfg bftJo M

;+:yfn] s;}nfO{ s'g} ;DklQsf] x:tfGt/0f ug'{ kg]{ eP jf bfg bftJo lbg'
kg]{ ePdf ;+rfns ;ldltsf] lg0f{o adf]lhd dfq x'g]5 .

&@= cfly{s ;xfotf M

;+:yfsf] cfly{s ;xfotf rGbf, k'/:sf/sf] lzif{saf6 k|d'v sfo{sf/L

clws[tn] cfly{s ;xfotf lb+bf Ps k6sdf a9Ldf ?=%),))). -krf; xhf/_
eGbf a9L lbg kfO{g] 5}g .

&#= 7]Ssf k§f / ;fdfg ;KnfO{ ug{ gkfO{g] M

;+:yfsf] ;+rfns tyf sd{rf/L s;}n] klg ;+:yf;+u s'g} lsl;dsf] 7]Ssf k§f
jf ;fdfg ;KnfO{ ug{ kfO{g] 5}g .

&$= b}lgs tyf e|d0f eQf M

-!_ ;+:yfsf sd{rf/L ;ldltsf] sfd;+u ;DalGwt ljifodf g]kfnleq jf
jflx/ sfh jf e|d0fdf hf“bf kfpg] b}lgs e|d0f eQfsf] /sd ;+rfns
;ldltn] tf]lslbP adf]lhd x'g]5 .
43
 -@_ pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd tf]lsg] eQfsf] /sd g]kfn ;/sf/sf ;dfg
txsf lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] kfpg] eQfsf] /sd eGbf sd x'g] u/L
tf]lsg] 5}g .
-#_ ;ldltn] pkljlgod -!_ adf]lhd b}lgs tyf e|d0f eQfsf] /sd
gtf]s];Dd ;ldltsf sd{rf/Ln] g]kfn ;/sf/sf ;dfg txsf
lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] kfP ;/xsf] b}lgs tyf e|d0f eQf kfpg]5g\ .

&%= k|rlnt P]g lgodx? nfu' x'g] M

o; ljlgodfjnLdf n]lvPhlt s'/fdf o;} ljlgodfjnL adf]lhd / o;

ljlgodfjnLdf gn]lvPsf s'/fsf] xsdf k|rlnt cfly{s k|zf;g ;DalGw P]g
tyf ljlgodfjnL , ;fj{hlgs vl/b P]g tyf ljlgodfjnL tyf e|d0f vr{
ljlgodfjnL ad]flhd x'g]5 .

&^= vf/]hL / arfp M

!= cfly{s k|zf;g lgodfjln, @)^% vf/]h ul/Psf] 5 .
@=of] ljlgodfjnL nfu' x'geGbf cuf8L ;+:yfsf] cfly{s k|zf;g ;DaGwdf
eP u/]sf sfd sfo{jfxLx? o;} ljlgodfjnL cg';f/ eP u/]sf dflgg] 5 .

44