The Four Models of Organizing

Behavior
TEAM ASSIGNMENT

Organising behavior| MT 107 | 06-04-21

Birla Institute of Technology Lalpur
Subject – Organising Behavior (MT107)

Subject Professor Team Members

• Dr. Sayed Anis Haider Danish Raza (BBA.40561.20)
• Department of Management Shankha Mukherjee (BBA.40602.20)
• Birla Institute of Technology Pulkit Raj (BBA.40583.20)
Harsh Raj (BBA.40593.20)
Abhilash Nayak (BBA.40567.20)

Contents
• Introduction
• Autocratic Model
• Custodial Model
• Collegial Model
• Implementation of the four models in
Corporate Sector (The Coca Cola Company)
• Conclusion

PAGE 1
 Introduction
 Organizational behaviour reflects the behaviour of the people and
management all together, it is considered as field study not just a discipline.
A discipline is an accepted science that is based upon theoretical
foundation, whereas OB is an inter-disciplinary approach where knowledge
from different disciplines like psychology, sociology, anthropology, etc. are
included. It is used to solve organizational problems, especially those
related to human beings.

 Top management’s models are particularly important to identify, for the

underlying model that exists within a firm’s chief executive officer tends to
extend throughout that firm. For this reason, Models of Organizational
Behavior are highly significant

 There are four different types of models in OB. We will throw some light on
each of these four models.

 Classification models of OB:

1. Autocratic Model
2. Custodial Model
3. Supportive Model
4. Collegial Model
 Autocratic Model
Organization with an autocratic environment is authority oriented. Management
believes that it knows what is best & that the employees’ obligation is to follow
orders.

This view leads to tight control of employees at work.

Nowadays the model is not applicable in strict sense because there are minimum
wage laws in most countries.

Roles & importance of Autocratic model

• Under autocratic model, the employee’s orientation is obedience to the boss; they
need not be respectful to him. The bosses have absolute power to hire fire and
perspire employees. The employees depend upon the boss and are paid minimum
wages for minimum performance. This theory of scientific management was
developed by F.W. Taylor as the conventional view of management. The
employees sometimes give minimum performance, though reluctantly because
they have to satisfy the subsistence needs of themselves and their families. Some
employees give higher performance because of a drive to overcome challenges.
According to the research of David C. McClelland of Harvard University, “some
people like to work under strong authority because they feel that their boss is a
natural born leader.
• The autocratic model has been successful in some situations where the workers are
actually lazy and have a tendency to shirk work. It is also required in the situation
where the work to be done is time bound. The threat generally used by the
managers is that the reward or wages will be withheld if the workers do not obey
them.
• The leadership in an autocratic model is negative because the employees are
uninformed, insecure and afraid.
• Nowadays, this model is not applicable in strict sense because there are minimum
wages laws in most of the countries. Thus, the managers cannot threaten to cut
down the wages or rewards of the workers. Moreover, the workers are educated
and organized, thus they cannot be dictated to by the managers all the time.

PAGE 1
 Collegial Model
To overcome the shortcomings of the Autocratic model, the custodial model came
into existence. The insecurity and frustration felt by the workers under the
autocratic model sometimes led to aggression towards the boss and their families.
To dispel this feeling of insecurity and frustration, the need was felt to develop a
model which will improve the employer-employee relations. The custodial model
was used by the progressive managers.

Roles & importance of Custodial model

• The success of the Custodial Model depends upon the economic resources
because this model emphasizes the economic rewards and benefits. Since
employee’s physiological needs are already met the employer looks to
security needs as a motivating force.
• The employees under Custodial Model depend upon organisation rather
than their boss. If the organisation has got good welfare and development
programmes for the employees, they cannot afford to leave the
organisation.
• Under this model, the employees are satisfied and happy and they are not
strongly motivated. So, they give only passive cooperation. They do not
work more vigorously than under the autocratic approach.
• The main benefit of this model is that it brings security and satisfaction to
the employees.
• The difficulty, with this model is that it depends upon material rewards
only to motivate the employees. But the workers have their psychological
needs also.

PAGE 2
 Supportive Model
The supportive model has originated from the ‘Principles of Supportive Relationships.”

According to Rensis Likert -“The leadership and other processes of the organisation must
be such as to ensure a maximum probability that in all interactions and all relationships
with the organisation, each member will, in the light of his background, values and
expectations, view the experience as supportive, and one which builds and maintains his
sense of personal worth and importance

Roles & Importance of Supportive model

• The Supportive Model depends on leadership instead of power or money.
Management, with the help of leadership try to create a favorable
organizational climate in which the employees are helped to grow to the
greater capacities and achieve things of which they have the capability, in
compliance with the goals of the organisation.
• The leader assumes that the worker will take responsibility, make their
contributions and improve themselves, if given a chance. It is assumed that
the workers are not lazy and work shirkers by nature. If properly motivated,
they can be self-directed and creative to the organisation.
• It should be the orientation of the management to support the employees’
job performance, rather than simply giving them payments and benefits as
in the custodial approach.
• This model takes care of the psychological needs of the employees in
addition to their subsistence and security needs. It is similar to McGregor’s
theory and the human resources approach to people
• This model is an improvement over the earlier two models. Supportive
behaviour helps in creating friendly superior-subordinate interaction with a
high degree of confidence and trust. This model has been found to be
effective in affluent countries where the workers are more concerned about
their psychological needs like high self-esteem, job satisfaction etc.

PAGE 3
 Collegial Model
The collegial model is an extension of the supportive model. The Dictionary meaning of
collegial is a body of persons having a common purpose. As is clear from the meaning, this
model is based upon the partnership between employees and the management.

This means that employees depend on each other cooperatively and work as a team to do
the task.

Everyone will be having a normal enthusiasm self – discipline, and responsible behaviour
towards their tasks.

Roles & Importance of Collegial model

• This model creates a favorable climate in the organisation as the workers
feel that they are the partners in the organisation. They don’t see the
managers as their bosses but as joint contributors. Both the management
and workers accept and respect each other.
• The collegial model inculcates the team spirit in an organisation. The
workers accept responsibilities because they find it their obligation to do so,
not because that they will be punished by the management. This helps in
developing a system of self-discipline in the organisation.
• In this kind of collegial environment, the workers have job satisfaction, job
involvement, job commitment and some degree of fulfillment.
• The collegial model is especially useful in research laboratories and similar
work situations
• Performance result is moderate enthusiasm.
 Implementation of the Four
models in corporate sector
In this section we will learn about how the four models are implemented practically in the
corporate sector.
Taking up the example of The Coca-Cola Company.

Autocratic model
 Basis is power with managerial assimilation of authority.
 Coca Cola company gets benefits by using this model when it approaches to guide managerial behavior
when there were no well-known alternatives.
 Coca Cola also uses this model under some supreme situations such as organizational disaster.

Custodial model
 The basis of this model is economic assets with a managerial assimilation of money. Following this
model Coca Cola provide security and benefits to employees. Employee feels with reasonable
contentment. And because of this entire employee’s performance result is passive cooperation.
 As company take care of their employees, gives benefits to motivate them and as a result of these
employees’ psychological result also comes in the favor of the company i.e., employee’s dependance
on organization
 Supportive model
 The basis of this model is leadership with a managerial assimilation of help or support.
 With help of this model Coca Cola make their employees participate in the organization’s activities and
also task investment in the organization.
 Coca Cola organization help their workers and thus employees are greatly motivated because their status
and identification requirements are better met, thus they have alerted drive for work.

Collegial model
 The basis of this model is partnership with a managerial assimilation of team cooperation.
 Coca Cola follows this model so that the employees feel needed and useful and in result employees give
responsible behaviour and self-discipline to the organization.

PAGE 1
 Conclusion
 After studying all the four models it becomes very clear that there is no single model which is best
suited to the requirements of all the organisations. The managers will have to make use of a combination
of models depending upon the circumstances of the case. But keeping in view the emergence of
professional management, we can say that the use of Supportive and Collegial will be more as compared
to the Autocratic and Custodial Models.