Drug Information Classification Mechanism of Action Indication Contraindications Side Effects Nursing Responsibilities

Generic Name: Pharmacologic Pharmacodynamics or General Indication/s: Contraindicated in: (per system preferably) Before Drug Administration:
Enalapril Maleate Classification: Mechanism of Action:  To control Hypersensitivity to 1. Check doctor’s order.
ACE May reduce blood pressure by hypertension enalapril, enalaprilat, CNS: Headache, 2. Advise patient to take enalapril
1 inhibitor affecting the renin-angiotensin-  To treat heart or their components dizziness, fatigue, or enalaprilat at the same time each
aldosterone system. By failure nervousness, day.
Trade Name: Therapeutic inhibiting angiotensin-  To treat Interactions: paresthesias, asthenia, 3. Perform hand hygiene and
Vasotec Classification: converting enzyme (ACE), asymptomatic left Food: potassium- insomnia, somnolence. prepare the medication.
Antihypertensive enalapril: ventricular containing salt 4. Educate the patient about the
Minimum Dose: •prevents conversion of dysfunction substitutes: Increased CV: Hypotension drug, its benefits and risks.
10 mg once daily Pregnancy angiotensin I to angiotensin II, risk of hyperkalemia including postural 5. Establish baseline blood
or in divided doses Category: a potent vasoconstrictor that Patient’s Indication: hypotension; syncope, pressure reading before
twice daily Not applicable also stimulates the adrenal Management of Activities alcohol use: palpitations, chest administration.
cortex to secrete aldosterone hypertension Possibly additive pain.
Maximum Dose: •may inhibit renal and vascular hypotensive effect During Drug Administration:
40 mg once daily production of angiotensin II GI: Diarrhea, nausea, 1. Give with food or drink of
or in divided doses •decreases the serum abdominal pain, loss patient’s choice.
twice daily angiotensin II level and of taste, dyspepsia. 2. Instruct patient not to split,
increases serum renin activity, crush, or chew tablets.
which decreases aldosterone Hematologic:
Patient’s Dose: secretion and slightly increases Decreased Hgb and After Drug Administration:
10mg PO OD serum potassium level and fluid Hct. Urogenital: Acute 1. Protect from heat and light.
(every AM) loss kidney failure, Expiration date: 30 months
•decreases vascular tone and deterioration in kidney following date of manufacture if
Route: blood pressure function. stored at less than 30° C.
PO •inhibits aldosterone release, 2. Inform patient that light-
which reduces sodium and Skin: Pruritus with and headedness and fainting may
Frequency: water reabsorption and without rash, occur, especially during first few
increases their excretion, days of therapy. Advise him to
OD (every AM) further reducing blood pressure. angioedema, change position slowly and avoid
erythema. hazardous activities until drug’s
Availability/Form Pharmacokinetics: CNS effects are known.
Tablet; oral Absorption: 70% from GI tract. Metabolic: 3. Report transient hypotension
solution; Hyperkalemia. with lightheadedness. Older adults
solution for Onset: 1 h PO are particularly sensitive to
injection Respiratory: Cough. druginduced hypotension.
Peak: 4–8 h PO Supervise ambulation until BP has
Content: Whole Body: stabilized.
maleate salt of Duration: 12–24 h PO Angioedema. 4. Inform patient that diarrhea,
enalapril, a excessive sweating, vomiting, and
derivative of two Distribution: Limited amount other conditions may cause
amino acids; L- crosses blood–brain barrier dehydration, which can lead to
alanine and L- dizziness, fainting, and very low
proline Metabolism: PO dose blood pressure during therapy.
undergoes first-pass metabolism Urge sufficient fluid intake to
in liver to active form, prevent dehydration and related
enalaprilat. adverse reactions. If diarrhea or
vomiting is severe or prolonged,
Elimination: 60% in urine, 33% instruct patient to notify prescriber.
in feces within 24 h. 5. Do not drive or engage in other
potentially hazardous activities
Half-Life: 2 h. until response to drug is known.

Source: Source: Source: Source: Source: Source: Source:

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Ed.FA:Davis Pocket Guide.12th
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Pennsylvania Company:
Pennsylvania