Text A.

Plagiarism Detector Generator

Dr. Rachel Edita Roxas, Software Technology Department, DLSU

This study involves the design and implementation of a plagiarism detector generator for OO student programs and
performs the lexical and structural similarity measures of OO student programs using Java programs for testing. The
system would accept as input the grammar of the programming language. The application would accept one folder
per program group as input. Plagiarism styles to be detected by the system include but are not limited to (1) insertion,
deletion, and modification of comments, (2) changing names of variables, attributes and methods, (3) Changing the
ordering of blocks of statements, (4) Changing the formatting of the source code, (5) Extraction of source code to a
method, (6) copying the source code as it is. Testing was done in two parts. The first part uses the RKR algorithm
implementation v1.0. The second one uses the version 2.0 that addresses the inaccuracy of the plagiarism technique
EXTRACT. The first part of the testing uses ten program specifications (labeled as 1, 2, to 10). For each program
specification, we considered one original program, five individuals (labeled as A, B, C D and E) implemented one each
non-plagiarized independently coded program based on the program specification based on the original program
using the five plagiarism styles. The respective percent accuracies in positively identified plagiarized codes for BLOCKS,
VARIABLES, COMMENTS, EXTRACT and FORMAT are 78, 100, 100, 36 and 100. From the results, we can infer that
some plagiarism techniques can be successfully detected by the RKR-GST pattern matching algorithm such as
VARIABLES, COMMENTS and FORMAT which had 100% accuracy. BLOCKS obtained a 78% accuracy, while EXTRACT
obtained a mere 36% accuracy. The overall positively identified plagiarized copies obtained 83% accuracy. From the
results, the plagiarized programs that used the extraction method are not easily detected in the Plagiarism Detector
1.0. Version 2.0 was developed, and plagiarized programs that used the extraction method have been detected from
83 to 100% similarity measures with 100% detection. Unfortunately, it also obtained 37.5% false positives….

Text B
Parents can make a major contribution in their children's schools
The question of parental involvement in schools is a relatively modern phenomenon. In the past, parents sent their
children to school and largely left it to the school to educate them as it saw fit. While this arrangement was widely
respected, it is no longer a model for educational arrangements today. Nowadays, parents see themselves as
providing the finances for schools whether they be private or public and, as financiers, they are demanding a say in
what happens in the schools. In order to accommodate this desire for parental involvement, many schools have
created parent-teacher bodies and have brought parents onto the school's board of stakeholders. These moves have
gone some way towards giving parents a role in the schools, but there is more that could be achieved.

Text C
WHO officials encourage calling it ‘physical distancing’ not ‘social distancing’
By Courtney Kueppers
If there is one phrase that sticks with us from this pandemic, it may well be “social distancing.” But some experts say
the term may be ill fitted. Now, experts at the World Health Organization are encouraging calling it “physical
distancing” instead. While experts agree that maintaining distance, staying home and following shelter-in-place
orders are essential in the fight to stop the spread of coronavirus, that doesn’t mean being socially disconnected from
friends and family. “Technology, right now, has advanced so greatly that we can keep connected in many ways
without actually physically being in the same room or physically being in the same space with people,” WHO
epidemiologist Maria Van Kerkhove said on March 20, according to Al Jazeera. “We're changing to say physical
distance and that's on purpose because we want people to still remain connected.” In fact, experts are actively
encouraging people stuck at home to find ways to connect with others, from a safe distance. The Atlanta-based
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention notes that “the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may be
stressful for people and communities.” Checking in with each other can be important for mental health in an
unprecedented time. “It occurred to me from the beginning that this was an unfortunate choice of language to talk
about 'social distance', when actually what was meant was 'physical distance,’” Martin W Bauer, a London-based
sociology professor told Al Jazeera. "It is good that WHO finally tried to correct an early error of mistaking physical
distance for social distance. In these strange times of the virus, we want clear physical distance, but at the same time,
we want people to remain close to each other ‘socially.’”
A. Reread Text B. Write the sentence/ sentences that match parts of its text structure.
TEXT B: Parents can make a major contribution in their children’s schools
STRUCTURE CONTAINS SENTENCE/S

The topic and

Situation
background

The nature of the

Problem
problem

Solution The solution

How well the solution

Evaluation
works

A. Reread Text C. Write the sentence/ sentences that match parts of its text structure.
TEXT B: WHO officials encourage calling it “physical distancing” not “social distancing”
CONTENT/
STRUCTURE SENTENCE/S
INFORMATION

The situation/
unresolved concept

Introduction

Thesis Statement

Body The misconception

 The proposed way
around the situation

Body The justification for the

proposed solution

The reiteration of the

misconception

The reiteration of the

Conclusion
solution

The restatement of the

justification for the
proposed solution