ASSIGNMENT

● SUBMITTED BY: MAHA-AKHTAR

● ROLL NO.BBA-F19-M-57

● SUBMITTED TO:
SIR MUKARAM

● TOPIC: BUSINESS STATISTICS 2 (spss test problems)

ASSIGNMENT
➔ T-test:1
Group Statistics
Gender N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean
Age Male 90 32.51 11.956 1.260
Female 79 31.05 9.638 1.084

Mean Difference : 32.51-31.05 = 1.46

Group Statistics and Independent Samples Test. The first section, Group Statistics, provides basic information about the group comparisons, including the sample size (n), Mean median standard deviation and standard
error mean. Here

MALE: 90

FEMALE:79

Independent Samples Test

Levene's Test for Equality of Variances t-test for Equality of Means
95% Confidence Interval of the
Std. Error Difference
F Sig. t df Sig. (2-tailed) Mean Difference Difference Lower Upper
Age Equal variances assumed 4.547 .034 .866 167 .388 1.460 1.686 -1.868 4.789
Equal variances not assumed .878 165.843 .381 1.460 1.663 -1.822 4.743

Interpretation for Levene`s Test: accept H1,There is mean difference exists, data does not Assumes equality of variance.
Interpretation for t test : accept H. ,There is no mean difference between age and gender, data does assumes equality of variance

The second section, Independent Samples Test, displays the results most relevant to the Independent Samples t Test. There are two parts that provide different pieces of information: (A) Leven Test for Equality of
Variances and (B) t-test for Equality of Variance.
ASSIGNMENT
➔T-test : 2
Group Statistics
Marital Status N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean
Years of Service Single 60 4.57 5.010 .647
Married 110 9.48 6.525 .622

Mean Difference : 4.57-9.48 = -4.91

Group Statistics and Independent Samples Test. The first section, Group Statistics, provides basic information about the group comparisons, including the sample size (n), Mean median standard deviation and standard
error mean. Here

SINGLE = 60

MARRIED = 110

Independent Samples Test

Levene's Test for Equality of Variances t-test for Equality of Means
95% Confidence Interval of the
Std. Error Difference
F Sig. t df Sig. (2-tailed) Mean Difference Difference Lower Upper
Years of Service Equal variances assumed 7.656 .006 -5.066 168 .000 -4.907 .969 -6.820 -2.995
Equal variances not assumed -5.468 149.428 .000 -4.907 .897 -6.681 -3.134

Interpretation for Levene`s Test: accept H1,There is mean difference exists, data does not Assumes equality of variance.

Interpretation for t test : accept H1 ,There is mean difference between age and years of service and marital status, data does not Assumes equality of variance.

The second section, Independent Samples Test, displays the results most relevant to the Independent Samples t Test. There are two parts that provide different pieces of information: (A) Leven Test for Equality of
Variances and (B) t-test for Equality of Means.

➔ ANOVA for Age and Designation

Test of Homogeneity of Variances
Levene Statistic df1 df2 Sig.
Age Based on Mean 6.913 3 164 .000
Based on Median 4.553 3 164 .004
Based on Median and with 4.553 3 119.343 .005
adjusted df
ASSIGNMENT
Based on trimmed mean 6.133 3 164 .001

Interpretation for homogeneity : P value is less than alpha so accept H1 does not Assumes equality of variance.

ANOVA
Age
Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
Between Groups 2075.846 3 691.949 6.327 .000
Within Groups 17935.273 164 109.361
Total 20011.119 167

Interpretation; there is a mean difference between age and designation. Accept H1.

This is the table that shows the output of the ANOVA analysis and whether there is a statistically significant difference between our group means. We can see that the significance value is 0.00, which is LESS 0.05. and,
therefore, there is a statistically significant difference in the mean of AGE AND DESIGNATION..

➔ Multiple Comparisons
Dependent Variable: Age
LSD
Mean Difference 95% Confidence Interval
(I) Designation (J) Designation (I-J) Std. Error Sig. Lower Bound Upper Bound
Lecturer Assistant Professor -4.003* 1.774 .025 -7.51 -.50
Associate Professor -6.501* 2.489 .010 -11.41 -1.59
Professor -17.466* 4.828 .000 -27.00 -7.93
Assistant Professor Lecturer 4.003* 1.774 .025 .50 7.51
Associate Professor -2.497 2.542 .327 -7.52 2.52
Professor -13.462* 4.856 .006 -23.05 -3.87
Associate Professor Lecturer 6.501* 2.489 .010 1.59 11.41
Assistant Professor 2.497 2.542 .327 -2.52 7.52
Professor -10.965* 5.160 .035 -21.15 -.78
Professor Lecturer 17.466* 4.828 .000 7.93 27.00
Assistant Professor 13.462* 4.856 .006 3.87 23.05
Associate Professor 10.965* 5.160 .035 .78 21.15
*. The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level.
ASSIGNMENT
Interpretation There is a relationship between lecturer and assistant professor .
There is a relationship between Lecturer and associate professor .
There is a relationship between lecturer and professor
There is a relationship between assistant professor and lecturer
There is a relationship between assistant professor and professor
There is a relationship between associate professor and lecturer
There is a relationship between associate professor and professor
There is relationship between professor and lecturer
There is a relationship between professor and assistant professor
There is a relationship between professor and associate professor

➔ PLOT:

There is a major difference between Associate Professor and Professor.

ASSIGNMENT

➔ ANOVA Test For Years Of Service and I Tell others the standard
Test of Homogeneity of Variances
Levene Statistic df1 df2 Sig.
Years of Service Based on Mean 2.114 4 165 .081
Based on Median 1.036 4 165 .390
Based on Median and with 1.036 4 136.317 .391
adjustable
Based on trimmed mean 1.698 4 165 .153

Interpretation for homogeneity : accept H. Data Assume Equality of Variance.

➔ ANOVA
Years of Service
Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
Between Groups 114.078 4 28.519 .693 .598
Within Groups 6791.467 165 41.160
Total 6905.545 169

Interpretation : P value is greater than Alpha so there is no difference between years of service and I tell others the standard. This is the table that shows the output of the ANOVA analysis and whether there is a
statistically significant difference between our group means. We can see that the insignificance value is 0.00, which is GREATER 0.05. and, therefore, there is a statistically insignificant difference in the YEAR OF
SERVICE and I TELL THE STANDARD...

➔ Post Hoc Test

Multiple Comparisons
Dependent Variable: Years of Service
LSD
(I) I tell others the standards (J) I tell others the standards 95% Confidence Interval
they have to know to carry out they have to know to carry out Mean Difference
their work their work (I-J) Std. Error Sig. Lower Bound Upper Bound
Strongly Disagree Disagree 2.667 5.238 .611 -7.68 13.01
Neutral 1.048 3.960 .792 -6.77 8.87
Agree -.928 3.767 .806 -8.37 6.51
Strongly Agree -1.127 3.804 .767 -8.64 6.38
Disagree Strongly Disagree -2.667 5.238 .611 -13.01 7.68
Neutral -1.619 3.960 .683 -9.44 6.20
Agree -3.595 3.767 .341 -11.03 3.84
Strongly Agree -3.794 3.804 .320 -11.30 3.72
Neutral Strongly Disagree -1.048 3.960 .792 -8.87 6.77
Disagree 1.619 3.960 .683 -6.20 9.44
ASSIGNMENT
Agree -1.976 1.558 .207 -5.05 1.10
Strongly Agree -2.175 1.646 .188 -5.42 1.07
Agree Strongly Disagree .928 3.767 .806 -6.51 8.37
Disagree 3.595 3.767 .341 -3.84 11.03
Neutral 1.976 1.558 .207 -1.10 5.05
Strongly Agree -.199 1.103 .857 -2.38 1.98
Strongly Agree Strongly Disagree 1.127 3.804 .767 -6.38 8.64
Disagree 3.794 3.804 .320 -3.72 11.30
Neutral 2.175 1.646 .188 -1.07 5.42
Agree .199 1.103 .857 -1.98 2.38

No relationship between variables

➔ plot
ASSIGNMENT
● Correlation For Spearman

Correlations
I go beyond
self-interest for
the good of the
Designation group
Spearman's rho Designation Correlation Coefficient 1.000 .038
Sig. (2-tailed) . .625
N 171 171
I go beyond self-interest for Correlation Coefficient .038 1.000
the good of the group Sig. (2-tailed) .625 .
N 171 172

Interpretation: accept H. There is no relationship between designation and I go beyond self-interest of the (TFL-1)

● Correlation For Pearson

Correlations
Age Years of Service
Age Pearson Correlation 1 .448**
Sig. (2-tailed) .000
N 169 168
Years of Service Pearson Correlation .448** 1
Sig. (2-tailed) .000
N 168 171
**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).

Interpretation : P value is less than alpha so accept H1 There is relationship between age and years of service.
ASSIGNMENT
●Regression
Variables Entered/Removed

Variables Variables
Model Entered Removed Method
1 JS, TFLb . Enter
za. Dependent Variable: IWP
b. All requested variables entered.

Model Summaryb
Adjusted R Std. Error of the
Model R R Square Square Estimate
1 .464a .215 .206 .41716
a. Predictors: (Constant), JS, TFL
b. Dependent Variable: IWP

Interpretation : The model summary table reports the strength of the relationship between the model and the dependent variable. R, the multiple correlation coefficient, is the linear correlation between the observed and
model-predicted values of the dependent variable. Its large value indicates a strong relationship. R Square, the coefficient of determination, is the squared value of the multiple correlation coefficient.

R (.464) less than .5 So no linearity exists.

R square = .215

If the Value of R Square is more than .2 (means good explained variance). SO IT IS GOOD .

ANOVAa
Model Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
1 Regression 8.062 2 4.031 23.163 .000b
Residual 29.409 169 .174
Total 37.471 171
a. Dependent Variable: IWP
b. Predictors: (Constant), JS, TFL
Interpretation : The ANOVA table tests the acceptability of the model from a statistical perspective. The
Regression row displays information about the variation accounted for by your model. The Residual row
displays information about the variation that is not accounted for by your model. If the regression and residual sums
of squares are approximately equal, which indicates that about half of the variation in job satisfaction is
explained by the model. The significance value of the F statistic is less than 0.05, which means that the
variation explained by the model is not due to chance. While the ANOVA table is a useful test of the model's
ability to explain any variation in the dependent variable, it does not directly address the strength of that
relationship

Sig .000 less than 0.5 (Significant)

ASSIGNMENT

Coefficients
Standardised
Unstandardized Coefficients Coefficients Collinearity Statistics
Model B Std. Error Beta t Sig. Tolerance VIF
1 (Constant) 2.117 .299 7.076 .000
TFL .093 .040 .160 2.345 .020 1.000 1.000
JS .399 .063 .432 6.343 .000 1.000 1.000
a. Dependent Variable: IWP

Interpretation :Test for the statistical significance of each of the independent variables. This tests whether the unstandardized (or standardised) coefficients are equal to 0 (zero) in the population. If p < .05, you can
conclude that the coefficients are statistically significantly different to 0 (zero). The t-value and corresponding p-value are located in the "t" and "Sig." columns, respectively, as highlighted.

We can see from the "Sig." column that all independent variable coefficients are statistically significantly different from 0 (zero). Although the intercept, B 0, is tested for statistical significance, this is rarely an important
or interesting finding.

● VIF values both are less than 3 So multicollinearity does not exist..
Beta relation with TFL and JS. All Sig are less than 0.05 so the relationship exists .
In standard coefficient beta =
● .160 Week Positive Relation.
● .432 Moderate Positive Relation .

Collinearity Diagnosticsa
Variance Proportions
Model Dimension Eigenvalue Condition Index (Constant) TFL JS
1 1 2.966 1.000 .00 .00 .00
2 .027 10.502 .02 .83 .18
3 .007 20.519 .97 .17 .82
a. Dependent Variable: IWP

Residuals Statisticsa
Minimum Maximum Mean Std. Deviation N
Predicted Value 3.3677 4.5787 4.0908 .21713 172
Residual -1.21232 1.11331 .00000 .41471 172
Std. Predicted Value -3.330 2.247 .000 1.000 172
Std. Residual -2.906 2.669 .000 .994 172
a. Dependent Variable: IWP
ASSIGNMENT

Interpretation : Homoscedastic ( Scattered graph)