National Service Training Program

Literacy Training Service

WMSU JOEBERT P. ALBERTO, LPT, MAED
NSTP LTS Facilitator
October 2, 2022
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WMSU
Good morning!
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National Security
Concerns
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We are entering a new era of human security where
the concept of security will change, and change
dramatically. Security will be interpreted as:

1. security of people, not just of territory;

2. security of individuals, not just of nations;
3. security through development, not through arms

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Security is a national concern that every Filipino
must consider to ensure peaceful existence of the
state.

It shall be the State’s primordial concern as well to

secure its constituents.

It is a condition or state of being where the Filipino

peoples’ values, way of life, institutions, welfare and
well-being, sovereignty and strategic locations are
protected and enhanced.
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NATIONAL SECURITY IN THE
PHILIPPINES

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COMMONWEALTH ACT NO. 1
also known as the National Defense Act, is the
original policy basis of the national security program
of the Republic of the Philippines

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The 1987 CONSTITUTION mandates civilian control
of the military and establishes the President as
commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces. The
President also heads the National Security Council,
the policy-making and advisory body for matters
connected with national defense.

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The council itself is composed of the President and
at least nine others:

1. Vice President
2. AFP chief of staff
3. National Security Council director
4. Executive Secretary
5. Secretary of Foreign Affairs
6. Secretary of National Defense
7. Secretary of Interior and Local Government
8. Secretary of Justice
9. Secretary of Labor and Employment
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Responsibility for national security was vested in the
Department of National Defense.

The principal functions of the department in 1991

were to defend the State against internal and
external threats and, through the Philippine National
Police, to maintain law and order.

The Secretary of National Defense, by law a civilian,

was charged with advising the President on defense
matters and developing defense policy.
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In 2002, then President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo won
crucial backing from her cabinet and the Congress for
the deployment of US soldiers in the country as part of
the war on terrorism

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There are seven fundamental elements that lie at the
core of, and therefore further amplify our definition of
national security. At the same time, they constitute
the most important challenges we face as a nation
and people.

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1. Socio-Political Stability
the government and the people must engage in
nation-building under the rule of law, Constitutional
democracy and the full respect for human rights.

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2. Territorial Integrity
we must ensure the permanent inviolability of our
national territory and its effective control by the
Government and the State. This includes the
preservation of our country’s Exclusive Economic
Zone (EEZ) and its protection from illegal incursions
and resource exploitation

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3. Economic Solidarity and Strength
we must vigorously pursue a free market economy
through responsible entrepreneurship based on
social conscience, respect for the dignity of labor and
concern for the public interest

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4. Ecological Balance
national survival rests upon the effective conservation of
our natural environment in the face of industrial and
agricultural expansion and population growth

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5. Cultural Cohesiveness
our lives as a people must be ruled by a common set
of values and beliefs grounded on high moral and
ethical standards, drawn from our heritage and
embodying a Filipino standard, drawn from our
heritage and embodying a Filipino identity
transcending religious, ethnic and linguistic
differences

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6. Moral-Spiritual Consensus
we must be propelled by a national vision inspired,
and manifested in our words and deeds, by
patriotism, national pride and the advancement of
national goals and objectives

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7. External Peace
we must pursue constructive and cordial relations
with all nations and peoples, even as our nation itself
must chart an independent course, free from external
control, interference or threat of aggression

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 THREATS TO
NATIONAL SECURITY

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Many security threats to the Philippines are non-
military in nature. Pressing security
concerns like terrorism, poverty, and environmental
degradation, needs to be addressed in an informed
and intelligent manner.

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In its internal aspect, national security relates to the
defense of the nation’s government against hostile
local elements seeking its replacement with their
own government.

In this sense, national security refers to the

measures aimed at countering domestic or internal
challenges to the existing political and socio-
economic order.

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In its external aspects, national security is concerned
with safeguarding the state
against outside or foreign forces, pressures, or
influence designed to conquer it or undermine its
sovereignty, or placing under the domination or
control of some foreign state or states.

In this sense, national security embraces the

defense arrangements directed at insuring the
safety of the state against foreign intervention or
domination.
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TYPES OF THREATS

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There are six common types of
threats that undermine security:

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Rebellion or Insurrection
a refusal of obedience or order. It may, therefore, be
seen as encompassing a range of behaviors from
civil disobedience and mass nonviolent resistance, to
violent and organized attempts to destroy an
established authority such as the government

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Terrorism
the systematic use of terror especially as a means of
coercion. Common definitions of terrorism refer only
to those violent acts which are intended to create
fear (terror), are perpetrated for an ideological
goal, and deliberately target or disregard the
safety of non-combatants (civilians).

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Murder
as defined in most countries, is the unlawful killing of
another human being with intent (or malice
afterthought), and generally this state of mind
distinguishes murder from other forms of homicide.

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Kidnapping and Serious Illegal Detention
the taking away or transportation of a person against
the person’s will, usually to hold the person in false
imprisonment, a confinement without legal authority.
This may be done for ransom or in furtherance of
another crime, or in connection with a child custody
dispute.

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Hijacking/Highway Robbery
the crime of taking or attempting to take
something of value by force or threat of
force and or by putting the victim in fear. In
common law, robbery is defined as taking
the property of another, with the intent to
permanently deprive the person of that
property, by means of force or fear.
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Saudi plane crew mistakenly hit hijack
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Bloody bus hijacking in the Philippines
Hongkong Survivors 55
Crimes involving destruction
It may apply either as a measurable degree of
damage up to and including a state beyond use or
repair, or it may indicate a state wherein such
damage is occurring and continuing. Example is self-
destructive behaviors, suicide and demolition

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Ex-con runs amok in Talisayan Elementary
School, Zamboanga City, kills 3 people
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INTERNAL THREATS AND
EXTERNAL THREATS

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INTERNAL THREATS
Our national security is infused with four important
dimensions. Internal threats to our national security
make up the first dimension.

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Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) and Abu
Sayyaf Group (ASG)

The main internal threat arises from the Moro Islamic

Liberation Front (MILF) which, in open rebellion
against the government, has the avowed objective of
establishing an independent Islamic state in southern
Philippines. Hand-in-hand with this security problem
is the threat from the Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG), a
small band of highly mobile terrorists with suspected
links to international networks.

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Abu Sayyaf Group
Communist Party of the Philippines / New People’s Army
/ National Democratic Front (CPP / NPA / NDF)

These three continue to pose a serious threat to

national security, although presently weakened in
comparison with their peak strength in the 1985-87
period. During the past two years, there has been an
incipient increase of underground activities in the
urban areas and a slight upward trend in isolated
terrorist acts in the countryside.

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Organized Crime
The challenge of illegal drugs, in particular, has
grown into a major threat to the national community.
Of the 42,979 barangays nationwide, about 12 per
cent are affected in varying degrees. The anti-drug
campaign is a major cornerstone of the government’s
law and order drive, involving the police, the Local
Government Units and the private sector, and
focusing on a tripartite strategy of reducing drug
supply and demand as well domestic and
international cooperation.
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members of the budol budol group
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Grave Incidence of Poverty
This is also a serious threat to national security,
especially to the extent that it breeds and abets
rebellion, crime and dissidence. Poverty incidence
affects about one-third of Filipino families nationwide.
Consequently, the distribution of wealth has been
skewed in favor of a wealthy minority.

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poverty incidence among Filipinos
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Economic Sabotage
Under this category are underground activities such
as counterfeiting, money laundering, large-scale
smuggling, inter-oceanic poaching and commercial
dumping.

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Duterte to rice cartel: stop messing with me
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Graft and Corruption
It has become another threat to our national security
by virtue of the huge scale by which it saps public
resources, undermines the morale of the civil service
and affects the delivery of quality basic services. It
has also become a disincentive to investment.

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Severe Calamities
They cause serious food shortages, abet hoarding
and profiteering and cause hunger, disease and
deprivation. Over the past ten years, the disaster toll
stands at more than 13,000 lives lost and P179
Billion worth of property destroyed. The National
Disaster Coordinating Center (NDCC) ensures the
focused, coordinated and systematic application of
government and private manpower and resources to
the tasks of disaster mitigation, and community
rehabilitation and reconstruction.
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Persistent Environment Degradation
This poses a long-term security threat. The attrition
of forests and watersheds, air-landwater pollution
and the proliferation of toxic substances are a cause
of sickness, death and the diminution of national
productivity and well-being.

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EXTERNAL THREATS

The growing uncertainties that lie in the regional and

global milieu make up the second dimension of our
national security concerns even as threat of external
aggression against our country remains in the
remote horizon.

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Multilateral dispute over the Spratlys Islands

This is a source of intermittent tensions, owing to the

build up of structures, believed to be military-
oriented, by some claimant countries in the area.

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Smuggling of firearms and contraband, illegal
migration and the occasional movement of foreign
terrorists through the porous borders of our
southwestern frontier Philippine law enforcement
agencies work closely with international police
organizations, bilaterally and multilaterally, to check
these activities.

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Lingering effects of the currency crisis affecting the
countries within the Association of Southeast Asian
Nations (ASEAN).

These are causes of regional anxieties, which tend

to aggravate political instabilities and socio-economic
dislocations involving the poorest people.

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Lingering effects of the currency crisis affecting the
countries within the Association of Southeast Asian
Nations (ASEAN).

These are causes of regional anxieties, which tend

to aggravate political instabilities and socio-economic
dislocations involving the poorest people.

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Serious economic disparity between rich and
poor nations

This keeps the world in a state of instability and

virtually on the brink of war in many places. Local or
regional shortages of fresh water, arable land, food,
fisheries, and energy are already causing tensions.

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Ethnic, religious and cultural conflict

This pervades many regions and nations, including

our own. It is constantly exacerbated by mass
poverty, limited access to resources, denial of human
rights, lack of national integration and international
issues.

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Proliferation of weapons of mass destruction
(WMD)

This is a threat to global security. Nuclear materials

and technologies are more accessible now than at
any other time in history. The relative ease of
production of both chemical and biological weapons
has made these attractive to terrorists.

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Transnational organized crime

This has proliferated in the era of globalization. The

International Monetary Fund estimates that global
drug trafficking now accounts for two percent of the
world economy, excluding illicit capital flight and
money-laundering activity. There are links among
drug trafficking, terrorism, smuggling of illegal aliens,
massive financial and bank fraud, arms smuggling
and political corruption.
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Natural disasters and environmental
issues

They will continue to pervade the global security

agenda. Mankind’s global activities – particularly
population growth, resource consumption, pollution,
urbanization, industrialization, desertification and
deforestation – will increasingly impact on climate
and weather patterns, strain fragile ecosystems, and
put more pressure on health and social support
systems.
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Typhoon Yolanda 94
Cybernetic crime
This is a growing global threat, as experienced with
computer viruses such as Melissa and Chernobyl,
which have attacked isolated or networked
information systems through the internet or through
software carriers and devices. Many vital decision-
making processes of our Government are now
electronically-based and therefore vulnerable to this
threat.
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Reference:

Labuguen, et al (2012). Understanding the National Service

Training Program. Malabon City:

Mutya Publishing House, Inc. Navarro-Castro, L., & Nario-

Galace, J (2010).

Peace Education: A pathway to a culture of peace. Quezon

City: Miriam College. Labuguen, et al (2008).

Towards a Responsive Community Action. Malabon City:

Mutya Publishing House, Inc.
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REMINDER:
For your individual final requirements
1. All lecture worksheets should be written in manuscript form legibly.
Note: Do not encode your answers
Do not write or paste anything on the folder
Use black ink ballpen to write your answer

2. Compile all checked printed worksheets and place it in a white or cream short folder
(paper type) and place inside a long brown envelop and write your name, course and
section

3. Submission of printed worksheets compilation will be on

December 11 - 15, 2022 from 8:00 am to 4:00 pm

4. Submit your compilation of printed worksheets at

Integrated Laboratory School Elementary Department
SPED Room Number O – 5
Infront of WMSU Covered Court

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For your weekly group output

TV Scriptwriting and Broadcasting

Mechanics:
1. Each virtue group shall field a team of seven (50) members. The team
shall decide who shall act as:
a. anchor/s (not more than 3)
b. reporter/s (not more than 8)
c. 3 cameramen / 2 directors who could also act as floor directors
d. video graphics editor 5)
e. 10 video researchers / 5 floor directors / prod. Assistants – 9
f. 5 video journalists

Note: Any of the group members can assume one or two positions/tasks as
long as this would not be conflicting or awkward in relation to the
outcome of the broadcast (example: an anchor can’t be a reporter at
the same time. But an anchor can also be a news or infomercial
writer).
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For your weekly group output
B. SCRIPTWRITING
MECHANICS
a. Cover page: This shall contain the NEWS name (TV network name).
b. News Articles: There are seven news articles.
a. 2013 Zamboanga Siege
b. Battle of Marawi
c. Anti – Terrorism Law
d. National ID System
e. Territorial Disputes of China and Philippines
f. Kidnapping in Mindanao
g. World Health Crisis on COVID-19 and Vaccination
c. Each news script should have video and audio component and must not
exceed 2 minutes when read during the recorded broadcasting. 100
For your weekly group output
B. SCRIPTWRITING
MECHANICS
d. Infomercial/Developmental Communication: The group is required to
produce one (1) infomercial or developmental communication plug which
shall not exceed 30 seconds. This shall be produced during the recorded
broadcasting and should be relevant to the topic The script should contain
video and audio component.
e. Field Report: To be included in the production is a live field report with
canned video support.
f. Headlines: This will contain a brief lead/summary of the news articles.
g. OBB/CBB: Opening Billboard and Closing Billboard will contain the group’s
assumed TV network name. The script for the OBB /CBB should be included
in the main script. 101
For your weekly group output
C. TV BROADCAST SKILLS EXHIBITION
MECHANICS
1. The TV broadcast must be delivered in 20 to 25 minutes only.
2. Adapted videos of the event from the internet are encouraged.

D. SUBMISSION
1. Include the names of all members at the end of the film.
2. Indicate this also: Submitted to: Prof. Joebert P. Alberto
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2022 – WMSU NSTP LTS FIRST SEMESTER
3. Deadline for submission of TV SCRIPWRITING AND BROADCASTING
entries is on Friday October 15, 2022 from 7:00 am to 7:00 pm.
4. Submit your final output in our google drive

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