Module 1 STS
Module 1 STS
Module 1 STS
Lesson Objectives:
1. Discuss the interactions between S&T and society throughout the history
2. Relate how scientific and technological developments affect society and the environment
3. Trace the paradigm shifts in history.
Science
Science is a concerted human effort to understand, or to understand better, the history
of the natural world and how the natural world works with observable physical evidence as the
basis of that understanding. It is done through observation of natural phenomena, and/or
through experimentation that tries to simulate natural processes under controlled conditions.
Science can be defined as knowledge about or study of the natural world based on facts
learned through experiments and observation. While technology is the science or knowledge put
into practical use to solve problems or invent useful tools.
Society
Society is the sum total of our interactions as humans, including the interactions that we
engage in to figure things out and to make things. It also refers to a group of individuals involved
in persistent social interaction, or a large social group sharing the same geographical or social
territory, typically subject to the same political authority and dominant cultural expectations.
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History of Science
It was in the 15th century, with the accelerated pace of developments that many
inventions evolved. Such period radically changed the so-called conventional way of life of the
western world.
Science is as old as the world itself. There is no individual that can exactly identify when
and where science has begun. From the genesis of time, science has existed. It is always
interwoven with the society.
Ancient Greek
The ancient Greeks are the first culture to undertake true scientific inquiry. After the
evident upheavals caused by the discovery and use of iron weapons, the Greeks began to
explain the universe and themselves in a deeper way.
The earliest Greeks settled along the western cost of Asia Minor, in Sicily and South Italy
where the following have been fully developed: basic elements of mathematics, astronomy,
mechanics, physics, geography and medicine.
15th Century
Major developments happened in the 15th century
Some notable changes that radically change the course of Western World are as
follows:
a. Invention of typography – about the middle of the 15th century
b. Geographic discoveries – initiated by the Navigator which reached its climax at
the end of the century with the voyage of Columbus and others
c. Printing – opened the productions of standard texts and illustrations
For the first time, the progress of knowledge could be registered as soon as it was
standardized and transmitted to every corner of the civilized world. East and West
worked together but the Muslims inhibited by religious beliefs and rejected printing and
ceased to cooperate
The discovery of the printing was so important that it is well to consider it the beginning
of the new period, the so called Renaissance, which was exclusively Western as far as
Science is concerned
Renaissance
the recovery of the text of the Greek classics, most of which had been known only
through Latin translation of Arabic writings
considered as the continuation of the Middle Age
Growth of Academics
During the Renaissance, printing shops became numerous, and the number of printed
books increased immeasurably thereafter
It’s time to check how far you have learned in this lesson…
1. With a graphic organizer, trace the history of science from birth to the development of
modern science.
2. Enumerate the main monument of modern science.
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