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    CHAPTER 8 Introduction To Chromatography Handout

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    HƯƠNG NGUYỄN LÊ NGỌC
    This chapter introduces various chromatographic techniques. It defines chromatography as a physical separation method that distributes components between two phases. Chromatography can be used for analytical or preparative purposes. Techniques are classified based on their mobile and stationary phases. Thin layer chromatography is described as using a liquid mobile phase on a coated stationary phase. Gas chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography are also introduced. Common applications in food analysis are listed.

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    CHAPTER 8 Introduction To Chromatography Handout

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    HƯƠNG NGUYỄN LÊ NGỌC
    13 views11 pages
    This chapter introduces various chromatographic techniques. It defines chromatography as a physical separation method that distributes components between two phases. Chromatography can be used for analytical or preparative purposes. Techniques are classified based on their mobile and stationary phases. Thin layer chromatography is described as using a liquid mobile phase on a coated stationary phase. Gas chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography are also introduced. Common applications in food analysis are listed.

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    CHAPTER 8 Introduction to Chromatography handout

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    This chapter introduces various chromatographic techniques. It defines chromatography as a physical separation method that distributes components between two phases. Chromatography can be used for analytical or preparative purposes. Techniques are classified based on their mobile and stationary phases. Thin layer chromatography is described as using a liquid mobile phase on a coated stationary phase. Gas chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography are also introduced. Common applications in food analysis are listed.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    13 views11 pages

    CHAPTER 8 Introduction To Chromatography Handout

    Uploaded by

    HƯƠNG NGUYỄN LÊ NGỌC
    This chapter introduces various chromatographic techniques. It defines chromatography as a physical separation method that distributes components between two phases. Chromatography can be used for analytical or preparative purposes. Techniques are classified based on their mobile and stationary phases. Thin layer chromatography is described as using a liquid mobile phase on a coated stationary phase. Gas chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography are also introduced. Common applications in food analysis are listed.

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    of 11

    Chapter 8-NTLP

    CHAPTER 8

    INTRODUCTION TO
    CHROMATOGRAPHY

    Content
     8.1. Introduction to gas chromatography
     8.2 Classification of chromatographic techniques
     8.3. Thin layer chromatography
     8.4. Introduction to GC and HPLC
     8.5. Applications in food analysis

    1
    Chapter 8-NTLP

    What is chromatography?

    Chromatographic separation

    Cs
    Distribution constant, K =
    Cm

    2
    Chapter 8-NTLP

    Principles
     Physical method of separation that distributes
    components to separate between two phases
    moves in a definite direction.
     stationary phase
     mobile phases
     affinity

     Analytical - determine chemical composition


     Preparative - purify and collect one or more
    components of a sample

    Classification of Methods

     Mobile phase
     Stationary phase performance
     Attractive forces
    …

    3
    Chapter 8-NTLP

    Classification of Methods
     Mobile phase

    Classification of Methods

    4
    Chapter 8-NTLP

    Classification of Methods

    Typical chromatographic methods


     Thin layer chromatography – TLC
     Gas chromatography – GC
     High performance liquid chromatography -
    HPLC

    5
    Chapter 8-NTLP

    Typical chromatographic methods


     Thin layer chromatography – TLC
     Gas chromatography – GC
     High performance liquid chromatography -
    HPLC

    Thin layer chromatography – TLC


     TLC - liquid chromatography
     A mobile phase (developing solvent)
     A stationary phase (a plate or strip coated)
     Analysis is performed on a flat surface under atmospheric
    pressure and room temperature

     Simple, fast, easy, low cost technique in qualitative


    and quantitative chromatographic analysis.

    6
    Chapter 8-NTLP

    Thin layer chromatography – TLC

    Thin layer chromatography – TLC

    7
    Chapter 8-NTLP

    Thin layer chromatography – TLC

     Distribution ratio (D)

     Retardation factor, Rf

    Retention factor, k

    Thin layer chromatography – TLC


     The two most common classes of TLC
     Normal phase
     Reversed phase

    8
    Chapter 8-NTLP

    Thin layer chromatography – TLC


     Steps in TLC analysis
     Prepare apparatus (developing chamber)
     Prepare stationary phase layer and mobile phase
     Prepare sample and Apply it on the sorbent
     Develop the plate (running)
     Detect analytes

    Thin layer chromatography – TLC


    Mixed Unknown +
    standards standards standards

    • • • • • •

    A B C A+B+C A+B+C ?

    9
    Chapter 8-NTLP

    Column chromatography – CC

    Gas chromatography - GC

    10
    Chapter 8-NTLP

    High performance liquid chromatography


    - HPLC

    Applications
     Fatty acids, triglycerides, cholesterol, sterols
     Gases, solvent analysis, water, alcohols
     Simple sugars, oligosaccharides
     Amino acids, peptides, nitrosamines
     Antioxidants, drugs
     Vitamins, food additives
     Pesticides, herbicides
     Flavour compounds
    …

    11

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