EXPRESSION OF QUANTITY

PART 1. Some, Any

Some Dùng trong câu khẳng định trước danh - My mother bought some eggs.
(một vài, từ đếm được số nhiều và danh từ không - He is busy. He has got some work
một tí) đếm được to do.

Dùng trong câu hỏi khi mong chờ câu trả - Have you brought some paper and a
lời là YES pen?
- Did you buy some oranges?

Trong câu yêu cầu, lời mời, đề nghị - Would you like some more coffee?
- Can I have some sugar, please?

Any Dùng trong câu phủ định, nghi vấn trước - Have you got any butter?
(…nào) danh từ đếm được số nhiều và danh từ - There aren’t any chairs in the room.
không đếm được

Any Dùng trong câu khẳng định, trước danh - You can catch any bus. They all go
(bất cứ) từ số ít, hoặc sau các từ có nghĩa phủ to the center.
định (never, hardly, scarcely, without…) - I’m free all day. Come and see me
any time you like.
- He’s lazy. He never does any work.

NOTES:
 Khi danh từ đã được xác định, có thể loại bỏ danh từ sau some, any.
Ex: Tim wanted some milk, but he couldn’t find any.
 Các đại từ phiếm chỉ (something, anything, someone, anyone, somebody, anybody,
somewhere, anywhere…) dùng tương tự some, any.
Ex:
- There’s somebody at the front door.
- Is there anybody here?
- Would you like something to drink?
- I’m not thirsty. I don’t want anything to drink.

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PART 2. Much, many, a lot of, lots of, a great deal of, a large number of…

Với danh từ đếm được số nhiều Với danh từ không đếm được
(With countable plural nouns) (With uncountable nouns)

Many Much
A large number of A large amount of
A great number of A great deal of

Plenty of
A lot of
Lots of

Ex:
- I haven’t got much time for reading.
- There are so many people here that I feel tired.
- She has a great deal of homework today.
- Don’t hurry! We have plenty of time.
- He is making lots of money.
NOTES:
 Dùng much, many (không được dùng a lot of, lots of, plenty of…) sau các từ so, as, too.
Ex:
- There was so much traffic that it took me an hour to get home.
- You make too many mistakes in your writing.
 Many of, much of + determiner/ pronoun
Ex:
- I won’t pass the exam, I’ve missed too many of my lessons.
- You can’t see much a country in a week.

PART 3. Few, a few, little, a little

With countable plural nouns With uncountable nouns

(Với danh từ đếm được số nhiều) (Với danh từ không đếm được)

A few (mang nghĩa khẳng định) A little (khẳng định)

Few = only a few (phủ định) Little = only a little (phủ định)

Ex:
- He isn’t popular. He has few friends.
- I enjoy my life here. I have a few friends and we meet quite often.

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 - She spoke little English, so it was difficult to communicate with her.
- She spoke a little English, so we were able to communicate with her.
NOTES:
 (A) little of/ (A) few of + determiner/ pronoun
Ex: Could I try a little of your wine?

PART 4. All, most, some, no, all of, most of, some of, none of

All All children are fond of candy.

Most Most cheese is made from cow’s milk.
+ (Adj) + plural noun/ uncountable noun
Some Some food makes me ill.
No No classical music sends me to sleep.

All of Have all of the plants died?

Most of Most of her friends live abroad.
+ determiner/ pronoun
Some of Some of those people are very friendly.
None of These books are all Jane’s. None of them
belongs to me.

PART 5. Every, each

Every, each Dùng trước danh từ đếm được số ít - The police questions every/ each
in the building.
- Every/ Each room has a number.

Every Dùng cho tổng thể một nhóm người hay vật Every guests watched as the
(mỗi, mọi) (tương tự ALL) President came in.

Chỉ số lượng từ 3 trở lên, số lượng lớn There were cars parked along every
street in town.

Each Dùng cho người hay vật một cách riêng rẽ - Each person in turn shook hand
(mỗi) with him.
- Each day seemed to pass very
slowly.

Dùng cho số lượng 2 trở lên, nhưng nhóm nhỏ There are 4 books on the table.
hơn Each book was a different color.

Có thể dùng với of Each of us sees the world

Each of + determiner/ pronoun differently.

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Exercise 1. Complete the sentences with some or any.
any
1. We didn’t buy __________ flowers.

2. This evening I’m going out with __________

some friends of mine.

3. I didn’t have __________

any money, so I had to borrow some.

4. Can I have __________

some milk on my coffee, please?
5. I was too tired to do __________
any work.

6. Have you seen __________

any good film recently?

7. Can you give me __________

some information about places of interest in the town?

8. With the special tourist train ticket, you can travel on __________
some/any train you like.

9. If there are __________

some/any words you don’t understand, use a dictionary.

10. She went out without __________ money.

Exercise 2. Complete the conversation. Put in a lot of, many or much. More than one
answer can be correct.
a lot of /
Matthew: There are (1) many
__________ athletes taking part in the International Games in
London. There has been (2)a__________
lot of /muchcoverage in the papers.

Daniel: Our runners have won (3) many / a lot of medals, have they?
__________

Matthew: No, not as (4) __________ as last time. But there is plenty of time. There are
still (5) __________ events to come. I’d like to go and see some of the track
events, but I haven’t got (6) __________ time at the moment.

Daniel: No, not with exams coming up. We’re having so (7) __________ lessons to
study.

Matthew: I’m not hoping to go at the weekend if I can get a ticket. Apparently, there
aren’t (8) __________ seats left.

Daniel: I’ve heard the cheapest tickets are £30. I think that’s too (9) __________.

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Exercise 3. Choose the correct words.
1. We didn’t spend many/ much money.
2. You must be quick. We have little/ a little time.
3. They’ve got so much/ lots of money that they don’t know what to do with it.
4. Did you take much/ many photographs when you were on holiday?
5. Would you like less/ fewer coffee than this?
6. The tickets cost too much/ too many, so we can’t afford them.
7. Would you like some/ any sugar in your tea? – Yes, please. Just a little/ a few.
8. If you have some/ any problems, you can discuss them with your group leaders.
9. I take photos, but not as many/ a lot of as I used to. At one time, I took many/ a lot.
10. How much/ How many butter do we put in?
11. Quick, let’s go! There’s somebody/ anybody coming and I don’t want somebody/
anybody to see us.
12. He can speak little/ a little English, so it’s not difficult to communicate with him.
13. My father drinks a lot of/ much tea.
14. This town is not a very interesting place to visit, so a few/ few tourists come here.
15. She spent a large number of/ a great deal of time on the project.
16. A large number of/ A great deal of paintings have been sold.
17. We get much/ a lot of rain here, but we don’t get many/ much storms.
18. Do you mind if I asked you a few/ a little questions?
19. The shop is quiet. There are a few/ only a few customers have come in.
20. How many/ How much cups of coffee have you taken?
Exercise 4. Choose the correct answer.
1. Bill is very lazy. He never does ______ work.
A. some B. any C. no D. few
2. It was a great party. ______ enjoyed it.
A. Somebody B. All C. All of us D. Every of us
3. The bus service is very good. There’s a bus ______ 10 minutes.
A. each B. every C. all D. any
4. When we were on holiday, we spent too ______ money.
A. a lot of B. many C. much D. lots of
5. What would you like to eat? I don’t mind. - ______, whatever you’ve got.
A. Something B. Anything C. Nothing D. Any food
6. We couldn’t buy anything because ______ of the shops were open.
A. all B. half C. most D. none

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7. I think that ______ lemon juice on fish makes it taste better.
A. few B. a few C. little D. a little
8. The village was very small. There were ______ houses.
A. a few B. only a few C. some D. only a little
9. ______ don’t visit this part of the town.
A. The most tourists B. Most of tourists C. Most tourists D. Most the tourists
10. ______ has left a bicycle outside.
A. Anyone B. Anything C. Someone D. Something
11. Ron Mason owns a chain of supermarkets. He’s made ______ money.
A. a lot of B. many C. much D. a great number of
12. Diana’s previous employer gave her a good recommendation because she makes ______
mistakes in her work.
A. a few B. little C. very few D. some
13. It’s so boring here. ______ ever happens in this place.
A. Anything B. Something C. Things D. Nothing
14. All the guests were dancing. ______ having a good time.
A. All were B. Every was C. Everyone was D. Someone were
15. There’s ______ use in complaining. They probably won’t do anything about it.
A. a few B. a little C. few D. little
16. I don’t want to buy any of these books. I’ve got ______.
A. all B. all them C. everything D. them all
17. I asked all the children and ______ had a different excuse for being late.
A. every B. each C. no D. some
18. I spend ______ my spare time gardening.
A. most B. the most of C. most of D. most of the
19. We tried a lot of hotels but ______ of them had any rooms.
A. some B. most C. any D. none
20. Would you mind waiting ______ minutes?
A. a few B. a little C. few D. little