Media Information Literacy

 is a set of competencies that empowers citizens to access, retrieve, understand, evaluate, use,
create, and share information and media content CRITICALLY, ETHICALLY, and EFFECTIVELY.
 It is considered as an essential and fundamental skill for both digital natives, immigrants, and aliens.

TERMONILOGIES:

MEDIA pertains to the means and resources being used for creating, delivering, sharing, and processing
information.

INFORMATION is a broad term that covers processed data and knowledge derived from study,
experience, instruction, signals, or symbols.

LITERACY is the ability to identify, understand, interpret, create, communicate, and compute using
written or unwritten materials associated with varying contexts.

TECHNOLOGY pertains to synthesized tools that serve to apply knowledge or technique to perform tasks
and obtain results.

3 TYPES OF MEDIA

Print Media - (Newspapers, Broadcast Media - Digital Media - (Internet,

Magazines, Books, Journals, (Television, Radio, Social Media, Computers)
Comics, Brochures) Satellites, Mobile Phones,
Films)

MEDIA

 is the source of credible information where content is provided through an editorial process
determined by journalistic values and where editorial accountability can be attributed to an
organization or legal person (obsolete definition).
 is any object (physical or not) that serves as a source or channel for information (current definition)

Purposes of Media

 acts as channels of information and knowledge

 facilitates informed debates between diverse social actors
 serves as means by which the society learns about itself and builds a sense of community
 functions as a watchdog of the government by promoting transparency in public life and public
scrutiny of those with power
 acts as facilitator of democratic processes

Data and Information:

 Generated in absurdly large quantities each day, DATA refers to facts, figures, and values.
INFORMATION, on the other hand, is when these data are processed and translated into something
meaningful or significant.

Technology:

 Digital technology or ‘new media’ commonly pertains to the Internet (the global system of
interconnected computer networks). It is one of the most valuable innovations in the 20th century.
Literacy

 is the ability to read, write, speak, and listen in a way that lets individuals communicate effectively
 In the context of media and information literacy (MIL), literacy refers to an individual’s ability receive,
assess, process, share, and create information effectively, ethically, and properly for the purpose
of expressing oneself, interacting with others, and contributing to society.

Media Literacy

 is the ability to access, analyze, evaluate, and create media in a variety of forms.
 It aims to empower citizens by providing them with the necessary competencies (knowledge and
skills) to engage with traditional media and new technologies.

Information Literacy

 is the ability to recognize when information is needed, as well as locate, evaluate, and
effectively communicate information in its various formats

Technology Literacy

 is the ability of an individual to use technological tools responsibly, appropriately, and effectively.

Media and Information Literacy - is a set of essential skills and competencies that allow individuals to
engage with media and other information providers effectively, as well as develop critical thinking and life-
long learning skills to socialize and become active citizens.

MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERATE INDIVIDUALS

6 types of Media and Information Literate Individual.

INDEPENDENT - can independently process CRITICAL WITH INFORMATION - Not only do

digital or printed texts of varying they understand the information being given,
complexity, discuss and elaborate ideas with but they also critique the content, delivery, and
others, and understand and apply conventions processing of data. The subconsciously
of vocabulary and grammar while applying question the media and give great emphasize
learning strategies. on the provided evidence.

KNOWLEDGEABLE - These individuals TECHNOLOGY SAVY - They effectively make

acquire, process, share, and translate deep use of technology and new media in a way that
information about their fields. They can discuss is highly advantageous for the purpose of their
and elaborate on discipline-specific texts and communication
become experts on their fields.
CONSIDERATE - They acknowledge,
RESPONSIVE – it can adjust the way they understand, and respect others’ perspectives
communicate with others depending on the and cultures. They are aware of individual
audience, task, purpose, discipline, and other differences and keep these in mind when
demands or factors in the situation. communicating.

MEDIA AND INFORMATION SOURCES

MEDIA SOURCE - Any resource that serves as a means of communicating to the general public.
FOUR SOURCES OF INFORMATION

 HUMAN SOURCE - Any person who can be a source of information or data.

 LIBRARIES - a place in which literary, musical, artistic, or reference materials (such as books,
manuscripts, recordings, or films) are kept for use not for sale.
 INDIGENOUS MEDIA - native; local; originating or produced naturally in a particular region/locality.
 INTERNET - a global computer network providing a variety of information and communication
facilities, consisting of interconnected networks using standardized communication protocol

4 TYPES OF LIBRARIES

1. ACADEMIC LIBRARY - serves colleges and universities

2. PUBLIC LIBRARY - serves cities and towns of all types.
3. SCHOOL LIBRARY - serves students from kindergarten to grade 12.
4. SPECIAL LIBRARY - are in specialized environments, such as hospitals, corporations, museums,
the military, private business, and the government

 INDIGENOUS MEDIA - native; local; originating or produced naturally in a particular region/locality

 Indigenous Knowledge - knowledge that is unique to specific culture or society; most often it is not
written down
 Indigenous Communication - -transmission of information through local channels or forms
- it is means by which the cultured is preserved, handed down and adapted.

 Indigenous Media - may be defined as forms of expression conceptualized, produced, and circulate
by indigenous peoples around the globe as vehicle for communication

5 FORMS OF INDIGENOUS MEDIA

1. Folk or traditional media 4. Records (written, carved, oral)

2. Gathering and social organizations 5. Oral Instruction
3. Direct observation

 INTERNET - a global computer network providing a variety of information and communication

facilities, consisting of interconnected networks using standardized communication protocol.

Evaluating Information Found in the Internet

 Authorship
 Publishing body
 Accuracy and Verifiability
 Currency

Things to Consider in Evaluating Information

Reliability of Information - Information is said to be reliable if it can be verified and evaluated.

Accuracy of Information - Accuracy refers to the closeness of the report to the actual data.
Measurement of the accuracy varies, depending on the type of information being evaluated.

Forecasts – similar to the actual data. Financial – values are correct.

Value of Information - Information is said to be value if it aids the user in making or improving decisions

Authority of the Source - Who authored or published the information?, Is the source credible?

Timeliness

- Reliability, accuracy, and value of information may vary based on the time it was produced or
acquired. It may become irrelevant and inaccurate with passing of time.
- Other information may be timeless, proven to be the same in reliability, accuracy, and value
throughout history

Hacking

- considered to be outside of the creator’s original objective.

- those individuals who engage in computer hacking activities are typically referred to as hackers.

Phishing

-is attempt to obtain sensitive information such as usernames, passwords, and credit card details, often
for a malicious reason, by disguising as a trustworthy entity in an electronic communication.

Illegal Downloading

-refers to obtaining files that you do not have the right to use from the Internet.

Illegal Downloading Sites Legal Downloading Sites

-The Pirate Bay -iTunes

-Kickass.to -Yahoo Music

-TorrentDownloads.me -Amazon

-YTS.ag -Netflix

-RARBG.to -Ruckus

Digital Piracy

-the practice of illegal copying and selling digital music, video, computer software, etc.

Identity Theft

-the deliberate use of someone else’s identity, usually as method to gain a financial advantage or obtain
credit and other benefits in the other person’s name, and perhaps to other person’s disadvantage or loss.

Defamation

-it is an unprivileged false statement of fact which tends to harm the reputation of a person a person or
company.

2 Types Of Defamation

- Libel - written defamation - Slander – spoken or oral defamation

Cybersex

-also called computer sex, Internet sex, netsex.

-it is a virtual sex encounter in which two or more people send each other sexually explicit contents or
sexually explicit acts.

Cybersquatting

-it is registering, trafficking in, or using an Internet domain name with bad faith intent to profit from the
goodwill of a trademark belonging to someone else.

-the cybersquatting then offers to sell the domain to the person or company who owns a trademark
contained within the name at an inflated price.

Copyright

-a legal device that gives the creator of a literary, artistic, musical, or other creative work the sole right to
publish and sell that work.

copyright owners have the right to control the reproduction of their work, including the right to receive
payment for that reproduction.

violation of a copyright is called infringement.

Plagiarism

-an act or instance of using or closely imitating the language and thoughts of another author without
authorization; the representation of the author’s work as one’s own, as by not crediting the original author.

Types of Plagiarism

 Complete plagiarism.  Mosaic plagiarism

 Direct plagiarism.  Source-based plagiarism.
 Paraphrasing plagiarism.  Accidental plagiarism.
 Self-plagiarism.  Inaccurate plagiarism.

Fair Use Computer Addiction

-it is a legal concept that allows the reproduction -the excessive use of computers to the extent
of copyrighted material for certain purposes that it interferes with daily life. This excessive
without paying a fee. Purposes permitting the use may for example interfere with work or
application of fair use generally include review, sleep, result in problems with social interaction,
news reporting, teaching, or scholarly research. or affect the mood, relationship and thought
processes

Digital Divide knowledge of ICT. The divide within

- an economic inequality between groups countries can refer to inequalities
in terms of access to, use of, or
between individuals, households, virtually.
businesses, and geographic areas at different
socioeconomic levels Netiquette
Virtual Self -the correct or acceptable way of communicating
-the persona you create about yourself on the internet

Privacy –it is defined as the freedom from unauthorized intrusion. Also called as one’s right to privacy, it
refers to the concept that one’s personal information is protected from public scrutiny.

Media Information Languages

Language – technical and symbolic ingredients or codes and conventions

Genre – French word “type” or “class”, common set of distinguishing features

Types of Codes
Technical Codes
- Ways in which equipment is used to tell the
story (camera techniques, framing, depth of field,
lighting and etc.
- This includes sound, camera angles, types of
shots and lighting as well as camera techniques,
framing depth of field, lighting, exposure, and
juxtaposition.

3 Basic Camera Movements

• Pan Shot

• Tilt Shot

• Tracking Shot

Tracking Shot Pan Shot – camera pans move horizontally

from left to right or vice versa across the
- The camera follows along next to or behind a picture
moving object to person.

Tilt Shot- The camera tilts up or tilts down

around a vertical line.

Close-up Shot

Extreme Close-up Shot - A full screen shots of a subject face showing

the finest nuisance of expression.
- A shot of a hand, eye, mouth, or any object in
detail.
 Medium Close-up - Shows a subject down to Extreme Long Shot
his/her chest or waist.
- Also known as Extreme Shots such as large
Long Shot crowd scene or a view of scenery as far as the
horizon.
- A view of situation or setting from a distance.

Symbolic Codes – show what is beneath the surface of what we see

Ex. Red rose – romance, clenched fist – anger, traffic light – stop, ready, go

Written codes – use of language style & textual layout

, Headlines, Captions, Speech Bubbles

Conventions – refer to standard or norms

Message – the information

Audience – consumers for whom the message was for

Producer – process of creating and putting together the media

Stakeholders (info providers) – Libraries, archives, museums, internet