1. The document reviews the theory of motion of a system of particles including the center of mass, motion of the center of mass, conservation of momentum, kinetic energy of a system, torque and angular momentum of a system, moment of inertia of a rigid body, and rolling motion with and without sliding. It provides equations and definitions for these concepts.
2. It also includes 4 example problems and 7 practice problems applying these concepts. The problems cover finding the center of mass, velocities after collisions, angular acceleration and displacement of a rotating wheel, torque on a rotating wheel, conservation of energy for an object on a rotating reel, angular momentum of a rotating rod and particles, and work done by a person walking on a
1. The document reviews the theory of motion of a system of particles including the center of mass, motion of the center of mass, conservation of momentum, kinetic energy of a system, torque and angular momentum of a system, moment of inertia of a rigid body, and rolling motion with and without sliding. It provides equations and definitions for these concepts.
2. It also includes 4 example problems and 7 practice problems applying these concepts. The problems cover finding the center of mass, velocities after collisions, angular acceleration and displacement of a rotating wheel, torque on a rotating wheel, conservation of energy for an object on a rotating reel, angular momentum of a rotating rod and particles, and work done by a person walking on a
1. The document reviews the theory of motion of a system of particles including the center of mass, motion of the center of mass, conservation of momentum, kinetic energy of a system, torque and angular momentum of a system, moment of inertia of a rigid body, and rolling motion with and without sliding. It provides equations and definitions for these concepts.
2. It also includes 4 example problems and 7 practice problems applying these concepts. The problems cover finding the center of mass, velocities after collisions, angular acceleration and displacement of a rotating wheel, torque on a rotating wheel, conservation of energy for an object on a rotating reel, angular momentum of a rotating rod and particles, and work done by a person walking on a
1. The document reviews the theory of motion of a system of particles including the center of mass, motion of the center of mass, conservation of momentum, kinetic energy of a system, torque and angular momentum of a system, moment of inertia of a rigid body, and rolling motion with and without sliding. It provides equations and definitions for these concepts.
2. It also includes 4 example problems and 7 practice problems applying these concepts. The problems cover finding the center of mass, velocities after collisions, angular acceleration and displacement of a rotating wheel, torque on a rotating wheel, conservation of energy for an object on a rotating reel, angular momentum of a rotating rod and particles, and work done by a person walking on a
of system of par#cle Review theory 1. The Center of Mass ! ! ∑ ii m r i rcm = ∑m i i
2. Mo1on of the Center of Mass
! dri ! ! ∑ i dt ∑ i i m m v ! vcm = drcm = i = i ! ! dt M M ! Macm = ∑ Fi ! ! ! dvcm ∑ mi ai ∑ Fi i acm = = i = i dt M M
3. Conserva1on of Momentum ! ! ! ! ! ! dP ! """""! P = ∑ pi = ∑ mi vi = Mvcm Fnet _ ext = 0 => = 0 => P = const i i dt 4. Kine1c Energy of a System 1 K = ∑ K i = ∑ mi vi2 i i 2
5. Torque & Angular momentum of a System
Torque of a force about a fixed point O
! ! τF! /O = r ∧ F
Angular momentum about a fixed point O
! ! ! ! ! L /O = r ∧ p = r ∧ mv
6. The moment of iner1a of a rigid body I = ∑ mi ri2
i
The net external torque acting on a system equals the rate of change of the angular momentum of the system. " dL /Δ ! ! ! dt = τnet,ext / Δ L /Δ = I Δ ω Δ Steiner theorem:
2 d I Δ = I z + md G ω: angular velocity in rotational motion 7. Rolling mo1on without sliding: α: angular acceleration Vcm,acm: speed and acceleration of the CM For rolling with sliding : For rolling without sliding : f friction = µ k .N f friction = f static ≤ f s. max v cm ≠ ωR v cm = ωR a cm ≠ αR a cm = αR Wfric = −µ k N.s Work of static friction force is zero
! ! ma cm = Fnet,ext Icm α = τnet ,ext / cm Kine1c Energy in Rolling:
1 2 1 K= mvcm + Icmω2 2!#! $ " 2!#! $ " K.E of Translational motion K.E of Rotational Motion of CM about the axis throughCM Example1 Example2 Example3 Example4 Problems 1. A water molecule consists of an oxygen atom with two hydrogen atoms bound to it (Fig.). The angle between the two bonds is 106°. If the bonds are 0.100 nm long, where is the center of mass of the molecule?
2. A ball of mass 0.200 kg has a velocity of 150î m/s; a
ball of mass 0.300 kg has a velocity of 0.400î m/s. They meet in a head-on elastic collision. (a) Find their velocities after the collision. (b) Find the velocity of their center of mass before and after the collision. 3. A wheel starts from rest and rotates with constant angular acceleration to reach an angular speed of 12.0 rad/s in 3.00 s. Find (a) the magnitude of the angular acceleration of the wheel and (b) the angle in radians through which it rotates in this time.
4. Find the net torque on the
wheel in Figure about the axle through O if a = 10.0 cm and b = 25.0 cm. 5. An object with a weight of 50.0 N is attached to the free end of a light string wrapped around a reel of radius 0.250 m and mass 3.00 kg. The reel is a solid disk, free to rotate in a vertical plane about the horizontal axis passing through its center. The suspended object is released 6.00 m above the floor. (a) Determine the tension in the string, the acceleration of the object, and the speed with which the object hits the floor. (b) Verify your last answer by using the principle of conservation of energy to find the speed with which the object hits the floor. 6. A light rigid rod 1.00 m in length joins two particles, with masses 4.00 kg and 3.00 kg, at its ends. The combination rotates in the xy plane about a pivot through the center of the rod. Determine the angular momentum of the system about the origin when the speed of each particle is 5.00 m/s. 7. A 60.0-kg woman stands at the rim of a horizontal turntable having a moment of inertia of 500 kg.m2 and a radius of 2.00 m. The turntable is initially at rest and is free to rotate about a frictionless, vertical axle through its center. The woman then starts walking around the rim clockwise (as viewed from above the system) at a constant speed of 1.50 m/s relative to the Earth. (a) In what direction and with what angular speed does the turntable rotate? (b) How much work does the woman do to set her- self and the turntable into motion?
