Cambridge IGCSE™ (9–1)

*0215904138*

CHEMISTRY0971/51
Paper 5 Practical Test May/June 2022

 1 hour 15 minutes

You must answer on the question paper.

You will need: The materials and apparatus listed in the confidential instructions

INSTRUCTIONS
● Answer all questions.
● Use a black or dark blue pen. You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs.
● Write your name, centre number and candidate number in the boxes at the top of the page.
● Write your answer to each question in the space provided.
● Do not use an erasable pen or correction fluid.
● Do not write on any bar codes.
● You may use a calculator.
● You should show all your working and use appropriate units.

INFORMATION
● The total mark for this paper is 40.
● The number of marks for each question or part question is shown in brackets [ ].
● Notes for use in qualitative analysis are provided in the question paper.

For Examiner’s Use

Total

This document has 12 pages. Any blank pages are indicated.

IB22 06_0971_51/FP
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1 You are going to investigate the rate at which hydrogen gas is made when magnesium reacts with
two different solutions of dilute hydrochloric acid, C and D, with different concentrations. The dilute
hydrochloric acid is in excess in both experiments.

Read all of the instructions carefully before starting the experiments.



Instructions
You are going to do two experiments using the apparatus shown.

rubber delivery tube clamp

bung inverted 100 cm3

measuring cylinder
conical flask
trough
dilute hydrochloric acid
water

(a) Experiment 1
● Use a measuring cylinder to pour 50 cm3 of dilute hydrochloric acid C into a conical flask.
● Use a thermometer to measure the initial temperature of the dilute hydrochloric  acid.
Record the initial temperature in the space provided.
● Set the apparatus up as shown in the diagram, ensuring the inverted measuring cylinder
is full of water.
● Remove the bung from the conical flask, leaving the delivery tube in the measuring cylinder.
● Add a coiled 5 cm length of magnesium ribbon to the conical flask, immediately replace
the bung and start the timer.
● Measure the volume of gas collected in the inverted measuring cylinder every 20 seconds
for 160 seconds. Record the volume of gas collected in the table.
● Use the thermometer to measure the final temperature of the dilute hydrochloric acid in the
conical flask. Record the final temperature in the space provided.

initial temperature ................................... °C final temperature ................................... °C

time / s 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160

volume of gas collected / cm3

 [2]

(b) 
Experiment 2
● Empty and rinse the conical flask with distilled water.
● Repeat Experiment  1 using 50 cm3 of dilute hydrochloric  acid  D instead of dilute
hydrochloric acid C.

initial temperature ................................... °C final temperature ................................... °C

time / s 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160

volume of gas collected / cm3

 [3]

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(c) Complete a suitable scale on the y-axis and plot your results from Experiments 1 and 2 on the
grid.

Draw two smooth line graphs. The lines must pass through (0,0). Clearly label your lines.

volume of gas
collected / cm3

0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
time / s
 [5]

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(d) 
From your graph, deduce the volume of gas that was collected after 50  seconds in
Experiment 2.

Show clearly on the grid how you worked out your answer.

 volume of gas = .............................. [3]

(e) Explain what can be deduced about the concentrations of dilute hydrochloric acid C and dilute
hydrochloric acid D.

....................................................................................................................................................

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.............................................................................................................................................. [2]

(f) (i) State what happens to the temperature of the dilute hydrochloric acid during Experiment 1.

. ...................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) State what effect this temperature change has on the total volume of gas made when the
reaction has finished.

. ...................................................................................................................................... [1]

(iii) Describe a change that can be made to the apparatus or reagents to reduce the temperature
change of the acid in Experiment 1.

. ...................................................................................................................................... [1]

(g) Suggest why it is important to replace the bung in the conical flask immediately after adding
the magnesium ribbon.

....................................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(h) State the advantage of measuring the volume of gas collected every 10 seconds rather than
every 20 seconds.

.............................................................................................................................................. [1]

 [Total: 20]

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2 You are provided with two substances, solid E and solution F.

Do the following tests, recording all of your observations at each stage.

tests on solid E


Add about 15 cm3 of distilled water to the boiling tube containing solid E. Replace the stopper in the
boiling tube and shake the boiling tube to dissolve solid E and form solution E. Divide solution E
into three approximately equal portions in one boiling tube and two test‑tubes.

(a) To the first portion of solution E in the boiling tube, add aqueous sodium hydroxide dropwise
until it is in excess.

Keep the mixture formed for (b).



Record your observations.

....................................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................. [2]

(b) Gently warm the mixture formed in (a). Test any gas produced and identify the gas.
Record your observations.

....................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................

identity of gas .............................................................................................................................

 [2]

(c) To the second portion of solution E add about 1 cm depth of dilute nitric acid followed by a few
drops of aqueous silver nitrate.
Record your observations.

.............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(d) To the third portion of solution E add about 1 cm depth of dilute nitric acid followed by a few
drops of aqueous barium nitrate.
Record your observations.

.............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(e) Identify the three ions in solution E.

....................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................. [3]

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tests on solution F

Divide solution F into two approximately equal portions in two test‑tubes.

(f) Test the pH of the first portion of solution F.

 pH = .............................. [1]

(g) Add the second portion of solution F to the boiling tube containing solid sodium carbonate. Test
any gas produced.
Record your observations.

....................................................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................. [3]

(h) Identify the positive ion in solution F.

.............................................................................................................................................. [1]

 [Total: 14]

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3 A sample of muddy river water contains water, dissolved solids and insoluble solid mud.

Plan an investigation to find the concentration of dissolved solids, in g / dm3, in the river water.

In your answer state how you will work out the concentration of the dissolved solids in g / dm3.

You are provided with a small sample (less than 1 dm3) of muddy river water and common laboratory
apparatus.
(1 dm3 = 1000 cm3)

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..................................................................................................................................................... [6]

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Notes for use in qualitative analysis

Tests for anions

anion test test result

carbonate (CO32–) add dilute acid effervescence, carbon dioxide

produced

chloride (Cl –) acidify with dilute nitric acid, then add white ppt.
[in solution] aqueous silver nitrate

bromide (Br –) acidify with dilute nitric acid, then add cream ppt.
[in solution] aqueous silver nitrate

iodide (I–) acidify with dilute nitric acid, then add yellow ppt.
[in solution] aqueous silver nitrate

nitrate (NO3–) add aqueous sodium hydroxide, then ammonia produced

[in solution] aluminium foil; warm carefully

sulfate (SO42–) acidify, then add aqueous white ppt.

[in solution] barium nitrate

sulfite (SO32–) add dilute hydrochloric acid, warm sulfur dioxide produced
gently and test for the presence of will turn acidified aqueous
sulfur dioxide potassium manganate(VII) from
purple to colourless

Tests for aqueous cations

cation effect of aqueous sodium hydroxide effect of aqueous ammonia

aluminium (Al 3+) white ppt., soluble in excess, giving a white ppt., insoluble in excess
colourless solution

ammonium (NH4+) ammonia produced on warming –

calcium (Ca2+) white ppt., insoluble in excess no ppt., or very slight white ppt.

chromium(III) (Cr3+) green ppt., soluble in excess grey-green ppt., insoluble in excess

copper(II) (Cu2+) light blue ppt., insoluble in excess light blue ppt., soluble in excess,
giving a dark blue solution

iron(II) (Fe2+) green ppt., insoluble in excess green ppt., insoluble in excess

iron(III) (Fe3+) red-brown ppt., insoluble in excess red-brown ppt., insoluble in excess

zinc (Zn2+) white ppt., soluble in excess, giving a white ppt., soluble in excess, giving a
colourless solution colourless solution

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Tests for gases Flame tests for metal ions

gas test and test result metal ion flame colour

ammonia (NH3) turns damp red litmus paper blue lithium (Li+) red

carbon dioxide (CO2) turns limewater milky sodium (Na+) yellow

chlorine (Cl 2) bleaches damp litmus paper potassium (K+) lilac

hydrogen (H2) ‘pops’ with a lighted splint copper(II) (Cu2+) blue-green

oxygen (O2) relights a glowing splint

sulfur dioxide (SO2) turns acidified aqueous

potassium manganate(VII) from
purple to colourless

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