What to Expect:

Vaginoplasty
at the
University of Michigan
Health System

Department of Surgery
 Table of Contents:

What should I expect during my consultation

appointment? ……………………………………………………3

How can I prepare for surgery and plan for my

recovery period?………………………………………………...5

How do I prepare for the hospital and discharge? .........8

What should I expect in the hospital?….............................9

What can I expect upon returning home?.......................11

Surgery timeframe: 150 miles or less…….......................13

Surgery timeframe: More than 150 miles .......................14

Who do I call if I have questions?…..................................16

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What to Expect: Vaginoplasty at the University of Michigan
What should I expect during my vaginoplasty consultation
appointment?
The following information explains what you can expect on the day of your
vaginoplasty consultation appointment.
• Arrive at Plastic Surgery 15 minutes prior to your scheduled appointment
time. Before the appointment, you will have forms to fill out in the waiting
room, and the check-in staff will make a copy of your insurance card, if you
will be using insurance to pay any part of the cost.

During your appointment you will be seen by a team that will include medical
students, physician’s assistants, nurses, and Plastic Surgery Residents.
• You will, of course, also see the attending Plastic Surgeon who leads the
team and who will coordinate all of your care.
• Your consultation will include your medical history and a physical
examination to determine whether or not you are a good candidate for
gender confirmation surgery.
• Your consultation team will discuss all relevant information with you about
the proposed surgery, and you will be able to ask any questions you may
have.

What happens after my consultation appointment?

If your consultation team determines that you are a good candidate for surgery,
you will then meet with the surgery scheduler and other staff. They will provide
you with information about what to expect, and what will be expected of you as
you prepare for the surgery.
• They may request that you get medical tests prior to being scheduled for
surgery.
• If you have not had your hair removed at the surgical site, they will discuss
this with you as well.

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What to Expect: Vaginoplasty at the University of Michigan
In addition to these medical and surgical requirements, the scheduler will begin
the process of requesting pre-authorization from your insurance company (to
determine if your surgical procedure is covered by your insurance plan).
• You will receive the surgical package price fees and associated forms for
review and signature, in the event that insurance denies the pre-
authorization request for surgery.

When will I receive my surgery date?

You will not be scheduled for a surgery date during the consultation
appointment. You will receive the exact date of your surgery about 2-3 months
ahead of time. You can generally expect a surgery date 9 to 12 months after the
consultation appointment.
• If your hair removal at the surgical site is already complete when you come
to the consultation appointment, then it will still take about 6- 8 weeks after
the appointment for your pre-authorization for insurance payment to be
processed.
• After the consultation appointment, completion of hair removal at the
surgical site, and the approximate 6 to 8 weeks that it takes for the
insurance pre-authorization, you will be placed on a wait list for surgery.
Please note that the estimated wait time for surgery varies, depending on
surgeon availability.
• Rather than scheduling surgery dates very far in advance, which then might
need to be changed, we don’t book your surgery until the surgeon’s schedule
is finalized. This means that you will usually be notified of your surgery
date about 2 to 3 months before the date of your surgery.

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What to Expect: Vaginoplasty at the University of Michigan
How can I prepare for my gender confirmation surgery and plan for
my recovery period?
The following information has been prepared to help you prepare for and
recuperate from your gender confirmation surgery. Some patients report that
the preparations are rather exhausting. We suggest you complete your work
and personal business prior to the day before surgery. On the day before your
surgery you will need to focus on your bowel preparation, and pack.

What medications should I stop taking?

• You will discontinue hormone therapy three weeks before surgery.
• Once you receive your surgical date, you should contact your prescribing
physician to review all of your medications. Do not alter your hormone
therapy regimen until directed by your physician.
• Some medications interfere with blood’s ability to clot. One week before
surgery, through one week after surgery, do not take:
o Aspirin,
o Ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil),
o Naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn),
o Vitamin E,
o Multivitamins (because they contain Vitamin E) or
o herbal preparations (fish oil, garlic, ginkgo, etc.)
• If you take any of these medications by prescription, you will need to
contact your prescribing physician and get permission to stop the
medication as directed above.

Do I have to stop smoking?

Yes. Smoking interferes with the blood vessels’ ability to deliver oxygenated
blood to the surgical site. This may result in delayed healing or loss of tissue.
• If you are a smoker, we will order a test (urine cotinine) four weeks prior to
your surgery to confirm you have stopped smoking.

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What to Expect: Vaginoplasty at the University of Michigan
• You have to be smoke free at least four weeks before the test in order for
the results to come back negative.
• This means that you will need to stop smoking 8 weeks before surgery. If
your results are positive, your surgery will be postponed.
• We recommend that you not resume smoking. However, if you want to
resume smoking after surgery, we insist you refrain from smoking at least
four weeks after surgery.

How do I prepare for the recovery period?

When you plan your leave from work, it would be wise to allow six to eight
weeks for your recovery. This time is needed to allow the tissue to heal and
for you to regain your strength. Each person’s recovery period varies. Ask your
employer for some flexibility in returning to work.

What supplies do I need to prepare in advance?

Your recovery period is one that needs to be as hassle free as possible.
Therefore, it would be wise to prepare the following in advance:
• Buy six packages of maxi pads and one package of pads designed for night-
time use at home.
• A lubricant will be necessary as you begin vaginal rinses.
• We also recommend several bottles of KY gel, which is a water soluble
product that lubricates the catheter you use to do the vaginal rinses. This
makes it easier to advance the catheter into the neo-vagina.
• Your nutritional needs will be extremely important for a successful
recovery.
1. Plan to prepare and freeze meals.
2. Stock up on foods that are easily prepared.
3. Arrange for friends to assist you or collect menus from local
restaurants that will deliver.

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What to Expect: Vaginoplasty at the University of Michigan
When will I be able to drive?
It will be helpful to have friends and family available to do errands for you for a
couple of weeks. You will not be driving for several weeks after surgery.
You will need to make arrangements to have someone drive you to and from
your appointments with the surgeon.

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What to Expect: Vaginoplasty at the University of Michigan
How do I prepare for the hospital and discharge?
What do I need to bring to the hospital?
When you pack for the hospital, think light!
• Include your personal hygiene items, a light robe and slippers.
• You do not need pajamas or night gowns.
• Hospital gowns will be the most appropriate garment while inpatient.
• Plan to wear the same outfit to and from the hospital. It should be items
that are loose fitting (especially if you decide to wear pants).
• Bring something to occupy your time, such as books, magazines, an iPod,
etc. You will be in your bed or room for several days.

1 day before surgery:

The day before your surgery, you will need to take the day off work.
• On this day, you will complete your bowel cleansing preparation (prescribed
by the surgeon at your pre-operative visit).
• This preparation will cause you to have multiple and sometimes powerful
bowel movements. The desired outcome is that you are having bowel
movements that do not contain stool.
• We recommend that this morning you eat a hearty breakfast. This will be
your last solid food for several days. For the remainder of this day, you will
have only clear liquids.
• Drink extra water and rest in between visits to the bathroom. If you start the
preparation around noon, you should be done and ready for bed at your
usual time.
• Plan to wear a hairdo to the hospital that will be able to withstand not being
washed for several days, and that will be comfortable while you are lying on
your back. The morning of surgery, you will remove all hair decorations
(pins, clips, etc.). You will remove make-up and jewelry.

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What to Expect: Vaginoplasty at the University of Michigan
What should I expect while I am in the hospital?
Plan to arrive at the Admitting Department approximately two hours before
your actual surgery. (Consult the time tables on page 13 – there is a time
table for people living less than 150 miles away from the hospital, and a
time table for people who live more than 150 miles away.)
1. You will change into a hospital gown, foot warmers and hair cap. At this
time an IV will be started through which you will receive fluids and
medication.
2. The anesthesiologist responsible for your sedation will check on you. The
surgeon and/or the Plastic Surgery resident will also check in with you.
3. When everything is in order, you will be given a sedative in your IV. It is at
this time that you will be taken back to the surgical suite.

How long does the surgery last?

Surgery generally lasts six hours. When you awaken, you will be in the Recovery
Room.
• You will have on an oxygen mask, an IV, a urinary catheter, two surgical
drains and vaginal packing.
• You will have pressure stockings on that help prevent blood clots.
• Recovery room nurses will begin to monitor and medicate you for pain
almost immediately.
• Before you are discharged to your room, they will set up and instruct you on
the use of the PCA (patient controlled analgesia) pump. This is a method of
self-administrating pain medication through your IV.

When you are fully awake (usually about two hours after surgery) you will be
transferred to a patient room.
• You will have an IV, PCA Pump, urinary catheter, surgical drains and vaginal
packing.
• You will be up and around after surgery with the assistance of your nurse.

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What to Expect: Vaginoplasty at the University of Michigan
 Your activity will be limited to your room and short walks in the hall.
• The first day after surgery, you can expect to be able to take a few steps
inside your hospital room and sit in a very well-padded chair for short
periods of time (example: for your meals).
• Your diet will be slowly increased. The decision to increase your diet is
based on the passage of gas through your rectum and increased bowel
sounds.

The morning of the fifth day after surgery is a busy one.

1. The surgeon will remove the urinary catheter, vaginal packing and surgical
drains. They will do a vaginal speculum examination.
2. We will then instruct you to start vaginal rinses. You will receive the
approval to shower before your discharge. Staff will closely monitor you to
ensure you are able to pass urine after removal of the catheter.

When will I be discharged from the hospital?

• If you have no complications, you will be discharged on the morning of
the 6th day after surgery. That same day you will go to the Plastic Surgery
Outpatient Clinic at Domino’s Farms where you had your initial consultation.
• We will examine you and teach you the regimen of vaginal dilation so you
can begin dilation, and continue with dilation from that day onward.
• You will receive written instructions regarding medication, names of people
to contact with questions, and the dates of your post-operative
appointments.

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What to Expect: Vaginoplasty at the University of Michigan
What can I expect upon returning home?
Your thoughtful preparation for your recovery period will certainly benefit you
at this critical time in your recovery.
• Quiet days with naps and regular bedtimes may be helpful when you return
home.
• Having someone stay with you to assist in your care is necessary. Once you
are discharged from the hospital, for 1 week you will need to have
someone with you (except for very short intervals) 24 hours a day.
• In addition to resting, you will be busy performing your personal care,
including vaginal rinses and vaginal dilation at regular intervals.
• You will perform dilation twice a day during your entire recovery period (6-8
weeks). The frequency of dilation will change after your recovery period but
you will have to perform it indefinitely.
• You will need to sit on a very well-padded surface for 4-6 weeks after your
surgery.
• You will gradually be allowed to increase your walking and sitting
restrictions as your body heals.
• You may not lift more than 5-10 pounds for approximately 6 weeks after
surgery.

Doctor’s Appointments
• During the early weeks of recovery, you will be making several visits to the
surgeon’s office. Since you will not be driving, you will need to make
arrangement with others for your safe transportation.
• At these visits, your surgeon will be examining your surgical site and the
healing process.
• They will be guiding your personal care and advising you on increasing your
activity. You can assist in this process by carefully following instructions
and providing clear information regarding your recovery.
• As your wound heals and your strength returns, you will discuss your return

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What to Expect: Vaginoplasty at the University of Michigan
to work with your surgeon. Your surgeon will supply documentation for
your employer regarding your return to work.

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What to Expect: Vaginoplasty at the University of Michigan
Surgery timeframe: Patients traveling 150 miles or less to Ann Arbor
The following timetable includes the minimum required times for optimal
healing, and only if there are no complications.
1. You must come to Ann Arbor to attend your H & P (History and Physical)
examination at the surgeon’s office. This will be scheduled for about one
month prior to surgery.
2. Before the week of surgery, you will need to gather all of the items on page 6
in the “What supplies do I need to prepare in advance?” section so that when
you are discharged from the hospital, you will have these items available at
home.
3. Next, you will need to begin the bowel cleansing preparation, around noon
on Monday, the day before surgery.
4. As explained above (page 9) in the ‘What to Expect in the Hospital’ section,
you will need to arrive at the hospital two hours prior to your surgery on
Tuesday. The operation will be performed that day.
5. You will be in the hospital – inpatient – for 6 days after the surgery.
6. On the 6th day after surgery, the following Monday, if there are no
complications you will be discharged from the hospital. Beginning with
discharge and for 1 week, you will need to have someone with you
(except for very short intervals) 24 hours a day.
7. The same day as you are discharged from the hospital (the 6th day after
surgery) you will travel to the surgeon’s clinic for an examination, and to
begin dilating, before travelling home.
8. One week later (the 13th day after surgery) on Monday, there will be another
examination at the surgeon’s office.
9. At this point (the 13th day after surgery) if everything looks all right to the
surgeon and there are no complications, you will no longer need to have
someone staying with you. It is important to understand that you will not
yet be able to sit for long periods of time, and you will not yet be able to
drive.

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What to Expect: Vaginoplasty at the University of Michigan
10.Your last follow up visit to your surgeon will be 6 to 8 weeks after surgery.
Any complications can prolong this timetable.

Surgery timeframe: Patients traveling over 150 miles to Ann Arbor

The following timetable includes the minimum required times for optimal
healing, and only if there are no complications.
1. You must arrive in Ann Arbor by the Thursday evening or Friday morning
prior to the surgery date, as you will need to attend your H & P (History and
Physical) examination at the surgeon’s office on Friday.
2. You will then need to gather all of the items on page 6 in the “What supplies
do I need to prepare in advance?” section so that when you are discharged
from the hospital, you will have these items available in your hotel room.
3. Next, you will need to begin the bowel cleansing preparation around noon on
Monday, the day before surgery.
4. As explained above (page 9) ‘What to Expect in the Hospital’ section, you will
need to arrive at the hospital two hours prior to your surgery on Tuesday.
The operation will be performed that day.
5. You will be in the hospital – inpatient – for 6 days after the surgery.
6. On the 6th day after surgery, the following Monday, if there are no
complications you will be discharged from the hospital. Beginning with
discharge and for 1 week, you will need to have someone with you
(except for very short intervals) 24 hours a day.
7. The same day as you are discharged from the hospital (the 6th day after
surgery) you will travel to the surgeon’s clinic for an examination, and to
begin dilating.
8. One week later (the 13th day after surgery) on Monday, there will be another
examination at the surgeon’s office. Under no circumstances will you be
able to return home prior to this day.
9. At this point (the 13th day after surgery) if everything looks all right to the
surgeon and there are no complications, you may plan to return home,
understanding that you will need to return for your last follow up visit 4 to
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What to Expect: Vaginoplasty at the University of Michigan
 6 weeks after that. You can return home by car or plane, but the total time
for your trip home should be 8 hours or less. It is important to understand
that you will not yet be able to sit for long periods of time. It is strongly
recommended that people coming from a great distance stay in Ann
Arbor longer.
10.Your last follow up visit to your surgeon will occur 6 to 8 weeks after
surgery. Any complications can prolong this timetable.

Making Travel Arrangements

For your travel and lodging in Michigan, both for the consultation and for
surgery, two departments here at University of Michigan Health System (below)
can assist you with making arrangements. Please know that a patient must pay
for their travel expenses out of pocket. Neither insurance or the University of
Michigan Hospital and Health System covers travel and lodging expenses.

Patient and Visitor Accommodations Program

This program can assist you in making arrangements for lodging here in Ann
Arbor, and with getting a shuttle to and from the airport. Some local hotels and
motels have local shuttle service included.
• Hours: Mon. – Fri.: 9:30 a.m. – 5:00 p.m. EST
• Phone: (734) 936-0135
• Toll free: (800) 544-8684

Guest Assistance Program

This program can assist you with coordinating needs that arise during medical
treatment.
• Hours: Mon. – Fri.: 9:00 a.m. – 5:00 p.m.
• Phone: (734) 764-6893
• Toll free: (800) 888-9825

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What to Expect: Vaginoplasty at the University of Michigan
Who do I call if I have questions?
• If you have medical questions, please bring them to the surgeon at your
consultation appointment.
• If you have scheduling questions, please contact the Plastic Surgery
schedulers at (734) 998-6022.
• If you have a non-medical, non-scheduling question (travel, hair removal,
etc.), please contact the Comprehensive Gender Services staff at (734) 998-
2150.

Disclaimer: This document contains information and/or instructional materials developed by

the University of Michigan Health System (UMHS) for the typical patient with your condition.
It may include links to online content that was not created by UMHS and for which UMHS
does not assume responsibility. It does not replace medical advice from your health care
provider because your experience may differ from that of the typical patient. Talk to your
health care provider if you have any questions about this document, your condition or your
treatment plan.

Author: Erin Larowe

Patient Education by University of Michigan Health System is licensed under a Creative Commons
Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. Last Revised 12/2016

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What to Expect: Vaginoplasty at the University of Michigan