Mosses Project PDF

Group of small plants
Mosses
Dolly Singh
Zoom picture of moss.

What is Moss?
Moss is a type of non-vascular plant, classified in the division Bryophyta in

the kingdom Plantae. Moss, while typically associated with dark, damp
environments, has actually adapted to occupy many drier, sunny regions. There
are over 12,000 species of moss recognized, which span 8 classes and 23
different genera.
Another Zoom picture of moss in palm.
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They are typically 0.2–10 cm (0.1–3.9 in) tall, though some species are much
larger. Dawsonia, the tallest moss in the world, can grow to 50 cm (20 in) in height.
There are approximately 12,000 species.
Classification:
Scientific classification
Kingdom Plantae
:
Clade: Embryophytes
Clade: Setaphyta
Division: Bryophyta
Schimp. sensu
stricto
Classes
 Takakiopsida
 Sphagnopsida
 Andreaeopsida
 Andreaeobryopsida
 Oedipodiopsida
 Polytrichopsida
 Tetraphidopsida
 Bryopsida
   
division Bryop
hyta     vascular plants
class Taka     hornworts
kiopsida
   
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class Spha
gnopsida
class Andr
eaeopsida
class Andr
eaeobryop
sida
class Oedi
podiopsid
a
class Polyt
richopsida
class Tetra
phidopsid
a
class Bryo
psida
The current phylogeny and composition of the

Bryophyta
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Life Cycle of Moss.....
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Life Cycle of a Typical Moss.
Usses
 Source of drinking water
 Edible Moss
 Arts and crafts
 Animal Bedding
 Firestarter
 Dressing of Wounds
 Good Insulator
Difference between Algae and Mosses......
Algae and mosses are green organisms

which appear the same when looked at,
however they differ in their structure and
classification drastically. They are both
photosynthetic autotrophs and are not
differentiated into roots, shoots, and leaves.
They are non-vascular plants which do not
produce any flowers or seeds. Despite these
similarities, they have a number of
differences. Let us look at them closely. Mosses picture.
Algae Moss Algae picture
Definition
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Algae are eukaryotic autotrophs Mosses are small
which contain chlorophyll. flowerless green
plants.
Classification
They belong to the kingdom of They belong to the

Protists. division of
bryophytes under
the kingdom
Plantae.
Phylogeny
Algae are not closely related, so Mosses seem to

they are a polyphyletic group of have evolved from
organisms. a common
ancestor, hence
they are
paraphyletic
organisms.
Structure
They have a thallus-like structure, Their structure is

which can be filamentous, plate- divided into root-
like or branched. like, leaf-like and
stem-like
structures.
Number of species
There are more than 30,000 There are around

species of algae known. 12000 species of
mosses known.
Habitat
They are mainly marine and They grow in

freshwater organisms. moist, damp and
shady places.
Reproduction
Female reproductive organ is Female
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oogonium. reproductive organ
is an archegonium.
No sterile jacket was found. There is a sterile

jacket around both
the male and
female sex organs.
All the cells of an algal thallus can Only the apical

undergo reproduction. cells in a moss
undergo
reproduction.
Alternation of generation is Alternation of

isomorphic, i.e, the gametophyte generation is
and sporophyte are heteromorphic, i.e,
morphologically similar. the gametophyte
and sporophyte are
morphologically
different.
Three types of sexual gametes are Only oogamous

produced: isogamous, gametes are
anisogamous and oogamous. produced.
No embryo is formed from the A zygote is formed

zygote. from the embryo.
Sporophyte
The sporophyte remains Sporophyte

undifferentiated. differentiates into a
food, seta and
capsule.
It is independent of the It remains attached

gametophyte. to the gametophyte
and is dependent
on it for food and
nutrition.
Economic Importance
 Agar is extracted from red  It was used

algae, which serves as a in
medium to grow bacteria traditional
and fungi.
medicinal
 Chlorella and Spirulina a practices as
re being consumed as
an
superfoods rich in
vitamins and ions. absorbent.
 The natural pigments  Decaying
found in algae can be used moss is
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as dyes and colouring turned into
agents. peat, which
is used as a
fuel.
 They are
used by
florists for
decorations
.
Mosses are really beautiful and wonderful small plants......and there are some beautiful
Pictures of them::::::
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Group of small plants

Zoom picture of moss.

Moss is a type of non-vascular plant, classified in the division Bryophyta in

Another Zoom picture of moss in palm.

The current phylogeny and composition of the

Difference between Algae and Mosses......

Algae and mosses are green organisms

Algae Moss Algae picture

They belong to the kingdom of They belong to the

Algae are not closely related, so Mosses seem to

They have a thallus-like structure, Their structure is

There are more than 30,000 There are around

They are mainly marine and They grow in

Female reproductive organ is Female

No sterile jacket was found. There is a sterile

All the cells of an algal thallus can Only the apical

Alternation of generation is Alternation of

Three types of sexual gametes are Only oogamous

No embryo is formed from the A zygote is formed

The sporophyte remains Sporophyte

It is independent of the It remains attached

 Agar is extracted from red  It was used

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