Endangered Species of Plants & Animals in Maharashtra

Collect the information on endangered plants & animal
species of Maharashtra
To study endangered plants & animal species of

Maharashtra
Defination - Species that possess a very high risk of extinction as a result

of rapid population decline of 50 to more than 70 percent over the
previous 10 years (or three generations)
Amorphophallus commutatus
Dragon stalk yam (Marathi- shevale, mogari

kanda; Hindi- jungli suran), is a plant species in the
family Araceae.
Amorphophallus is a large genus of some 170

tropical and subtropical tuberous herbaceous
plants, which includes the world's largest
flower
It is a stout cormous herb, corm depressed globose,
25-30cm across.
• Stem: It is a tuber depressed-globose, dark
brown, root scars prominent, annulate, offlets
producedevery season, thick and rhizomatous
Leaf: It is solitary or two, 2 meters long and 20 cm in
diameter, background color pale to dark green or
blackish green.
Lamina is highly dissected, to about 3 meters in

diameter, leafletsrounded, oval, ovate, obovate,
elliptic, elliptic-oblong, elliptic-lanceolate or
lanceolate, acuminate, 3-35 cm long, 2-12 cm in
diameter,
Upper surface midgreen, lower surface midgreen to
pale green
Flowers:
In flowers inflorescence is short-peduncled, peduncle
is 3 to 20 cm long, about 1 to 8 cm in diameter,
Fruits are produced in spikes.
Individual fruits are ellipsoid to globular, orange to
red
Seeds: Seeds are almost as large as fruits
TRADITIONAL USES:
The root is carminative, restorative, stomachic and
tonic. It is dried and used in the treatmentof piles and
dysentery.
The fresh root acts as an acrid stimulant and
expectorant, it is much used inIndia in the treatment
of acute rheumatism
Curcuma inodora blatt
Scentless turmeric is a perennial herb found only in
India, where it is used in traditional medicine for the
treatment of muscular pain, psychosomatic disorders
and constipation.
General Description
Scentless turmeric is a perennial herb found only in India,
where it is used in traditional medicine for the treatment
of muscular pain, psychosomatic disorders and
constipation.
A genus within the ginger family (Zingiberaceae), Curcuma

contains nearly 100 species, including turmeric (Curcuma
longa), the underground stems of which are the source of
the bright yellow spice.
Geography and distribution
It is reported to occur in Maharashtra, extending
up to northern Karnataka, and has been more
recently reported from Andhra Pradesh and
Gujarat.
Description
A perennial herb that can grow up to 120 cm tall.
Flowers are large, showy, pink-purple with a dark
yellow band at the centre.
The plant is dormant from November to

April/May when it appears above-ground again,
growing up from its rhizomes (underground
stems).
This dormancy has given rise to the common
name hidden lily.
Threats and conservation
The main threats to Curcuma inodora come from
habitat loss and overharvesting (for local
medicinal use and the horticultural trade).
Its habitats have suffered from conversion to
agricultural land and human settlements and are
now highly fragmented over large parts of its
range.
Ornamental gingers have rapidly
increased in popularity in the western
world in the past few years,
promoting an increase in illegal
collecting.
Uses
• Curcuma inodora is used in
traditional medicine for the
treatment of muscular pain.
• Tubers are mixed with water to
form a paste, which is applied
locally.
• It is also used in the treatment of
psychosomatic disorders and
constipation.
Chlorophytum borivilianum
• Herb with lanceolate leaves, from tropical wet
forests in peninsular India.
• The Hindi name is safed musli (also commonly
known as musli)
• It is cultivated and eaten as a leaf vegetable in
some parts of India, and its roots are used as a
health tonic under the name safed musli
• In traditional Indian medicine it is used as
rasayan or adaptogen.
• It is considered a white gold in Indian systems of
medicine. This herb belongs to the vajikaran
rasayana group in Ayurveda.
The Great Indian Bustard (Ardeotis nigriceps), is a
bustard native to the Indian subcontinent.
Bustards are large terrestrial birds found in dry
grasslands and steppe regions.
It is among the heaviest of flying birds in existence

weighing about 15 kgs
It is easily recognisable by its black cap over a pale head
and neck.
The male deep sandy buff coloured and its breast band
turns black during the mating season.
The female is smaller than the male.
The Great Indian Bustard is the largest flying bird in its
native region, standing at about 3.3 ft tall.
The Great Indian Bustard earlier present in 11 states of

India, they are now restricted to the following 6 states
today.
The Great Indian Bustard is found in semi-arid and arid
grasslands, with tall grass in the open. They are also found
near farmlands as well.
Bird is omnivorous preying on insects, rodents and reptiles
mostly while also consuming grass seed berries. Near
farmlands they also feed on groundnut, millets and
legumes pods.
The Great Indian Bustard is still under threat, illegal
hunting is still a threat to its population.
As a result the IUCN Red List has listed the Great Indian
Bustard as ‘critically endangered’.
Due to increased hunting activity the bird is close to

becoming extinct there, but conservation efforts in India
are in full swing.
Many sanctuaries such as the Ranebennur Blackbuck
Sanctuary, Desert national Park in Gujarat, Kutch Bird
Sanctuary, Great Indian Bustard Sanctuary in
Maharashtra and Rollapadu Wildlife Sanctuary have a
sizable population of the Indian Bustard.
• The forest owlet (Athene blewitti) is endemic to the
forests of central India.
• It is listed as Endangered on the IUCN Red List since
2018, as the population is estimated at less than
1,000 mature individuals.
• It is threatened foremost by deforestation
• The forest owlet is small (23 cm) and stocky.
• It is a typical owlet with a rather unspotted crown
and heavily banded wings and tail.
• They have a relatively large skull and beak.
• Unlike the spotted owlet, the forest owlet has the
fewer and fainter spots on the crown and back.
• The upperparts are dark grey-brown.
• The upper breast is almost solid brown and the sides
are barred with a white central wedge in the lower
breast that is sometimes unmarked, especially in
males.
• The primaries are darker and distinct.
• The wings and tail are banded with white trailing
edges.
• A dark carpal patch on the underwing visible in
flight.
• The facial disc is pale and the eyes are yellow
Conclusion – Species maintain health of an ecosystem. When
species becomes endangered it’s a sign that an ecosystem is out
of balance. Hence it should be conserve
Bibliography : Google

Endangered Species of Plants & Animals in Maharashtra

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Endangered Species of Plants & Animals in Maharashtra

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Collect the information on endangered plants & animal

To study endangered plants & animal species of

Defination - Species that possess a very high risk of extinction as a result

Dragon stalk yam (Marathi- shevale, mogari

Amorphophallus is a large genus of some 170

Lamina is highly dissected, to about 3 meters in

A genus within the ginger family (Zingiberaceae), Curcuma

The plant is dormant from November to

It is among the heaviest of flying birds in existence

The Great Indian Bustard earlier present in 11 states of

Due to increased hunting activity the bird is close to

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