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    Data Visualization 1

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    nayanisateesh2805
    This document discusses different techniques for visualizing data, including pixel-oriented, geometric projection, icon-based, and hierarchical techniques. Pixel-oriented techniques map dimension values to pixel colors within windows to show relationships. Geometric projections use scatter plots to visualize relationships between two or three dimensions. Icon-based techniques represent multidimensional data using icons like Chernoff faces or stick figures. Hierarchical techniques visualize subspaces in a hierarchical manner. The techniques aim to communicate data relationships and distributions more clearly than raw numbers.

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    Data Visualization 1

    Uploaded by

    nayanisateesh2805
    72 views5 pages
    This document discusses different techniques for visualizing data, including pixel-oriented, geometric projection, icon-based, and hierarchical techniques. Pixel-oriented techniques map dimension values to pixel colors within windows to show relationships. Geometric projections use scatter plots to visualize relationships between two or three dimensions. Icon-based techniques represent multidimensional data using icons like Chernoff faces or stick figures. Hierarchical techniques visualize subspaces in a hierarchical manner. The techniques aim to communicate data relationships and distributions more clearly than raw numbers.

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    This document discusses different techniques for visualizing data, including pixel-oriented, geometric projection, icon-based, and hierarchical techniques. Pixel-oriented techniques map dimension values to pixel colors within windows to show relationships. Geometric projections use scatter plots to visualize relationships between two or three dimensions. Icon-based techniques represent multidimensional data using icons like Chernoff faces or stick figures. Hierarchical techniques visualize subspaces in a hierarchical manner. The techniques aim to communicate data relationships and distributions more clearly than raw numbers.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    72 views5 pages

    Data Visualization 1

    Uploaded by

    nayanisateesh2805
    This document discusses different techniques for visualizing data, including pixel-oriented, geometric projection, icon-based, and hierarchical techniques. Pixel-oriented techniques map dimension values to pixel colors within windows to show relationships. Geometric projections use scatter plots to visualize relationships between two or three dimensions. Icon-based techniques represent multidimensional data using icons like Chernoff faces or stick figures. Hierarchical techniques visualize subspaces in a hierarchical manner. The techniques aim to communicate data relationships and distributions more clearly than raw numbers.

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     Data visualization aims to communicate data clearly and effectively through graphical

    representation.
     Data visualization has been used extensively in many applications for Eg. At work for
    reporting managing business operations and tracking progress of tasks.
     More popularly, we can take advantage of visualization techniques to discover data
    relationships that are otherwise not easily observable by looking at the raw data.

    Data Visualization techniques:

    1.Pixel oriented visualization techniques:

     A simple way to visualize the value of a dimension is to use a pixel where the color of the
    pixel reflects the dimension’s value.
     For a data set of m dimensions pixel oriented techniques create m windows on the screen,
    one for each dimension.
     The m dimension values of a record are mapped to m pixels at the corresponding position
    in the windows.
     The color of the pixel reflects other corresponding values.
     Inside a window, the data values are arranged in some global order shared by all windows
     Eg: All Electronics maintains a customer information table, which consists of 4
    dimensions: income, credit_limit, transaction_volume and age. We analyze the
    correlation between income and other attributes by visualization.
     We sort all customers in income in ascending order and use this order to layout the
    customer data in the 4 visualization windows as shown in fig.
     The pixel colors are chosen so that the smaller the value, the lighter the shading.
     Using pixel based visualization we can easily observe that credit_limit increases as
    income increases customer whose income is in the middle range are more likely to
    purchase more from All Electronics, these is no clear correlation between income and
    age.
    Fig: Pixel oriented visualization of 4 attributes by sorting all customers in income
    Ascending order.

    2.Geometric Projection visualization techniques

     A drawback of pixel-oriented visualization techniques is that they cannot help us much in


    understanding the distribution of data in a multidimensional space.
     Geometric projection techniques help users find interesting projections of
    multidimensional data sets.
     A scatter plot displays 2-D data point using Cartesian co-ordinates. A third dimension can
    be added using different colors of shapes to represent different data points.
     Eg. Where x and y are two spatial attributes and the third dimension is represented by
    different shapes
     Through this visualization, we can see that points of types “+” &”X” tend to be
    collocated.
    Fig: visualization of 2D data set using scatter plot
    3.Icon based visualization techniques:-

     It uses small icons to represent multidimensional data values


     2 popular icon based techniques:-

    3.1 Chern off faces: - They display multidimensional data of up to 18 variables as a


    cartoon human face.

    Fig: chern off faces each face represents an ‘n’ dimensional data points (n<18)

    3.2 Stick figures: It maps multidimensional data to five –piece stick figure, where each figure has
    4 limbs and a body.

     2 dimensions are mapped to the display axes and the remaining dimensions are mapped
    to the angle and/ or length of the limbs.

    4.Hierarchical visualization techniques (i.e. subspaces)

    The subspaces are visualized in a hierarchical manner.


    https://trenovision.com/data-visualization/

    https://www.industrial-electronics.com/data-mining_2b.html

    https://www.ques10.com/p/9219/explain-different-visualization-techniques-that--1/?

    https://weber.itn.liu.se/~aidvi/courses/06/dm/Seminars2009/P-Visualization.pdf

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