Cie-126 P1 Merged

Syllabus
PEN Code: CIE 126 Credit: 2 units

PEN Subject Title: Quantity Surveying Prerequisite: CIE 118
I. Course Description
This course provides a basic understanding of the methods used to prepare a building and/or
bridge construction cost estimate, and earthwork costs. The students learn to do quantity takeoff
utilizing plans and specifications.
II. Course Objectives

After completing this course, the students should be able to develop an understanding of, and
demonstrate their proficiency in the following concepts and principles pertaining to quantity surveying.
1. Basic concepts of quantity surveying.
2. Recognize and understand how to calculate quantities of various building materials.
3. Familiarize how to formulate bid costs for materials, labor and equipment for several construction
project elements.
4. Gain knowledge on how to evaluate total cost of engineering projects, including labor fringes,
taxes, bonding fees, insurance, overhead and profit.
II. Course Topics, Topic Coverage Dates, and Time Allotment

IV. Grading System
The Final Grade is computed as follows:

The grading system:
F.G.= (0.20 x P1) + (0.20 x P2)+ (0.20 x P3)+ (0.40x FE)
Where: P1 - First Grading Period
P2 - Second Grading Period
P3 - Third Grading Period
FE- Final Examination
1st Periodical Grade = 60% (Class Standing) + 40% (1 st Periodic Exam)

Class Standing = 60%(Quiz) + 40%(Class Participation)
Class Participation = Seatworks, Assignments & Students’ Activity Sheets
2ndPeriodical Grade = 60% (Class Standing) + 40% (2nd Periodic Exam)

3rdPeriodical Grade = 60% (Class Standing) + 40% (3rd Periodic Exam)

Final Exam covers all topics

Passing Score; 60
V. Textbooks/ References
1. Peurifoy, Robert L, Oberlender, Garold D. (2002)

2. Simplified Construction Estimate, third edition, Fajardo,JR., Max
3. Estimating Bill of Materials, Tagayun, Vicente
4. Levelset.com
VI. Course Requirements

Attend the class regularly.
Must pass the major examinations (1st, 2nd, 3rd periodical and PHINMA Exam)
Participate in all class activities.
Do and submit enrichment activities before the final examination.
VII. Faculty Member Information

Instructor’s Name:
Contact Information:
Email:
Consultation Hour:
Quantity Surveying
This document and the information thereon is the property of PHINMA Education
CIE 126: Quantity Surveying
Student Activity Sheet #1
Name: Class number:

Section: Schedule: Date:
Lesson title: Review of Specifications & Plans: Invitation to Bid. Materials:

Lesson Objectives: Estimating ConstructionCosts
At the conclusion of this activity, I should be able to: References:
1. Define the Importance of Bidding. www.Hwayengg.org
2. Know the basics of an Invitation to Bid.
Productivity Tip: The key to studying at home is to create a space within your home that has some of the
benefits of a school or library, with as few of the distractions of the home as possible.
A. LESSON PREVIEW/REVIEW
Introduction :
Competitive bidding is a common procurement practice that involves inviting multiple vendors or
service providers to submit offers for any particular material or service. Competitive
bidding allows transparency, equality of opportunity and the ability to demonstrate that the
outcomes represent the best value.
Activity 1: What I Know Chart, part 1
What I Know Questions: What I Learned (Activity 4)

What is Bidding?
What is an Invitation to Bid?
What is the importance of an

Invitation to Bid?
B. MAIN LESSON
Activity 2: Content Notes
What is Invitation to Bid (IB)?

An invitation for bid or invitation to bid is an invitation to contractors or equipment suppliers,
through a bidding process, to submit a proposal on a specific project to be realized or product or
service to be furnished. IB is generally the same thing as Request for Quotation. The IB or RFQ is
focused on pricing, and not on ideas or concepts. If not stated otherwise, the contractor with the
This document is the property of PHINMA EDUCATION

Name: Class number:

lowest bid is awarded the contract, provided that they meet the minimum criteria for the bid. This
is in contrast to a request for proposal, in which case other reasons might cause or allow choice of
the second best offer.
The Invitation to Bid serves as the notice to the public and all interested parties of the
procurement and bidding opportunities of the Procuring Entity.
Why do you advertise/post an Invitation to Bid?

Advertising/posting the IB and ensuring its widest possible dissemination will increase the
number of prospective bidders and intensify competition for the procurement activity or project.
Intensified competition, in turn, will ensure that the government, in general, and the Procuring
Entity, in particular, will get the best possible proposals as to quality and cost.
What does an IB contain?

The IB must contain the following:
1. The name and location of the contract to be bid;

2. The project background and other relevant information regarding the proposed contract
works, including a brief description of the type, size, major items, and other important or
relevant features of the works;
3. A general statement on the criteria to be used by the Procuring Entity for:
a. The eligibility check/screening;
b. The preliminary examination and detailed evaluation of bids;
c. Post-qualification; and
d. Award
4. The date, time and place of the deadline for:
a. The submission and receipt of the eligibility requirements;
b. The pre-bid conference, if any;
c. The submission and receipt of bids; and
d. The opening of bids;
5. The Approved Budget Contract (ABC);
6. The source of funding (Govt Projects);
7. The place, time and website where the bidding documents may be secured or downloaded;
8. The contract duration;
9. The name, address, telephone number, facsimile number, e-mail and website addresses of
the concerned Procuring Entity, as well as its designated contact person; and
10. Such other necessary information deemed relevant by the Procuring Entity.

Name: Class number:

Activity 3: Skill-building Activities
Fill the Boxes
What is Competitive Bidding?
What is Invitation to Bid?
What does the Invitation to Bid

focused on?
What is the main reason you

advertise and Invitation to Bid?

It’s time to answer the questions in the What I Know chart in Activity 1. Log in your answers in the table.
Activity 5: Check for Understanding

Question: Is public bidding for government projects required by law?
Activity 6: Thinking about Learning
a) What is the most important thing you have learned today?
b) Which part of today’s lesson do you want to learn more about?
c) What topic was difficult for you to understand?

Name: Class number:

FAQs:
1. Bidders are screened whether qualified or not.
KEY TO CORRECTIONS (refer TG’s )
Answers to Skill-Building Exercises;

Name: Class number:

Lesson title: Review of Specifications & Plans: General Conditions. Materials:

1. Define General Conditions in a Construction Contract. www.Hwayengg.org
2. Know the Categories included in General Conditions.
Productivity Tip: The easiest way to mimic the focus and productivity that you have in school is by working on
the same schedule you would when you’re in school.
Introduction:
Unlike contracts in other industries, a construction contract isn’t one single document. Instead, it
is a collection of documents that are prepared by a number of different parties.
Prudent clients, General Contractors and subcontractors should read their contract multiple times
over.
Construction contracts need as much detail as possible to avoid mistakes, conflicts and delays;
which ultimately cost everyone on the project time and money.

What is a Contract in the field of
construction?
Is Contracts in Construction the
same as any other contracts in
other field of business?
Is General Conditions Section of
a contract necessary?
B. MAIN LESSON

Name: Class number:

Construction contracts typically include most of the following:

 the initial agreement;
 general conditions;
 drawings;
 specifications;
 and other documents as needed.
And the general conditions section is the portion of the contract document in which the rights,
responsibilities, and relationships of the parties involved are itemized. It defines each contracting
party’s duties and privileges, and the rules that will govern the relationship.
Categories of General Conditions that may be Included in a Construction Contract:

a. Roles and Work of Parties
b. Time
c. Price & Payments
d. Changes
e. Suspension & Termination
f. Claims and Disputes
Roles and Work of Parties

First and foremost, general conditions set out the basic duties and responsibilities of the
parties. This section will identify the parties and their roles on the project, outline each
party’s rights and obligations to the project, and create notification requirements.
For contractors, this is where you will find items such as:
 a detailed description of the work to be completed;
 bonds and insurance requirements;
 and any warranties/guarantees.
For the project owners, this may hold their responsibilities regarding:
 site conditions;
 change orders;
 rejection of defective work, and more.

Name: Class number:

Time
“Time” seems fairly obvious. However, these provisions detail more than just the deadline to
complete your work.
For example – when is the date of commencement? It can be right after you sign the
contract, but many contracts provide for a Notice to Proceed to be issued before the
contractor can start work. It could also be helpful to define what constitutes substantial
completion, and setting progress milestones can help clarify a project’s timeline.
Delays and extensions should also be touched on in this section. Construction projects and
delays go hand in hand. What happens when you are unable to complete your work because
of delays? If questions like this are left unaddressed, they can lead to contractor losing both
time and money. Does the contract allow for extensions? This depends on whether the
delays are categorized as “compensable” or “non-compensable” by the contract. Typically, if
the delay could have been avoided by one of the parties, they are considered non-
compensable.
Price & Payments

Here’s the fun part. Price and payment provisions will determine the full contract price and
how payments are structured. This is where the important questions that affect your bottom
line are answered, such as:
 Will there be progress payments or a lump sum final payment?

 How are progress payments scheduled?
 What is the payment application process?
 Will there be retainage?
 How is substantial completion defined for your work?
 What happens if the owner decides the work is defective or insufficient?
This section will also typically reference the Schedule of Values. This is an additional
document that itemizes the price of the different components of the work. They’re
especially important for GCs so they can track the progress of the work and make sure it
matches the payment price.
All these questions should be addressed in the general conditions section. If not, pick up
the phone! Ask for clarification on these issues.

Name: Class number:

Changes
These provisions typically fall under one of three categories:
1) Change Orders are amendments to the contract. They are essentially a mini-
agreements to adjust the work, price, and schedule of the initial contract. When they’re
validly executed (pursuant to the contract), change orders become a part of the original
contract. But change orders also have the potential for creating chaos – so make sure
the general conditions discuss how change orders must be agreed upon, executed, and
billed.
2) Change Directives can get risky if they aren’t limited by the general conditions of the
contract. These provisions authorize the owner to unilaterally make changes to the
work, with the price and schedule changes will be agreed upon later. If this is in the
prime contract, subcontractors will often be bound by similar terms. Regardless – it’s
important to understand whether change directives can be made and how they’ll be
managed.
3) Minor Changes are the 3rd types of changes that may be allowable under contract.
These are simple adjustments to the project that don’t affect either the price of the
time to complete performance. Still, there’s always the chance that one side might
consider something to be minor while the other side sees it as a material change to the
job. For clarity, it might be a good idea to set parameters for what’s considered a
“minor” change under the agreement.
Suspension & Termination
Pay close attention to this section of your contract. This will outline the circumstances where
the contract might be suspended or terminated. These can include anything from the owner
having funding issues to any delays the project might encounter.
On the other hand, there’s a termination clause present in just about every construction
contract. This section of your contract will list the various ways the contract can be
terminated. The most obvious one being breach of contract (for cause), but there may be
others as well. Depending on the terms of the agreement, a given contract could be
terminated for frustration, convenience, or other circumstances that may be listed in the
contract.

Name: Class number:

Claims and Disputes
Disagreements arise all the time on construction projects. The construction contract should
provide how these disagreements should be dealt with. Look for guidance on questions
such as:
 What types of notices are required when a disagreement arises?

 Are there time limits for any claims against the owner?
 If there is a non-payment issue should the contractor suspend his work, or continue
performance as to not get behind schedule?
If you’re having trouble answering the above questions based on the terms of your contract,
it might be worth further investigation. This section of the general conditions should be
particularly detailed, because disputes cause delays, and delays cost everyone money.

Fill the Boxes
What is General Conditions?
What are the categories of

General Conditions?


Question: Which is better? A long and detailed General Conditions or a Short to the point GC? Why?

Name: Class number:

FAQs:
1. The general conditions in a construction contract are not to be ignored. Sure, they can cause your eyes to
glaze over, but these terms have an enormous impact on how the project will play out. If well drafted, the
general conditions should provide a sound framework for the agreement and promote fairness among all
contracting parties.

Name: Class number:

Lesson title: Review of Specifications & Plans: Special Conditions. Materials:

1. Define Special Conditions in a Construction Contract. www.Hwayengg.org
2. Know the how to distinguish if an item needs to be in General
Conditions or in Special Conditions.
Productivity Tip: Remember the feeling of comfort and laziness you feel when you’re in pajamas (some of you
may be feeling it right now)? Now think about the feeling of purpose and determination you can feel once
you’ve showered and gotten dressed for the day? They’re very different mindsets, and you can probably guess
which one is best for studying from home.
Introduction:
Unlike contracts in other industries, a construction contract isn’t one single document. Instead, it
is a collection of documents that are prepared by a number of different parties.
Prudent clients, General Contractors and subcontractors should read their contract multiple times
over.
Construction contracts need as much detail as possible to avoid mistakes, conflicts and delays;
which ultimately cost everyone on the project time and money.

What is Special Conditions of
Contract?
At what part of the contract do
you see the special conditions?
Is Special Conditions necessary in
every contract?
B. MAIN LESSON

Name: Class number:

Construction contracts typically include most of the following:

 the initial agreement;
 general conditions;
 drawings;
 specifications;
 and other documents as needed.
Special Conditions of Contract is typically an addition or amendment to the general conditions

section. This document will detail the specific clauses and conditions for each task or project. For
instance, if there are specific instructions that only apply to one job or portion of the build, they will be
included in this document.
Special Conditions of Contract (SCC) shall be read in conjunction with the General Conditions of
Contract, specifications, drawings and other documents forming part of the contract, wherever the
context so requires.
Where any portion of the General Conditions of Contract is repugnant to or at variance with any
special conditions of contract, then the Special Conditions of contract shall be deemed to over-ride
the provisions of the General conditions of contract and shall, to the extent of such repugnancy or
variations, prevail.
Wherever it is mentioned in the specifications that the contractor shall perform certain works or
provide certain facilities it is understood that the contractor shall do so at his cost, being deemed to
be part of the relevant item in the schedule of rates, whether expressively stated or not
The materials, design, and workmanship shall satisfy the relevant codes the specifications contained.
Where the specifications stipulate requirement in addition to those contained in the standard codes,
these additional requirements shall also be satisfied
Special Conditions Is likely a standard document issued by the owner (usually a public agency)
to be attached to the general and supplementary conditions.
Special Conditions may be new items or work, and do not follow the format of General
Conditions.

Name: Class number:

Fill the Boxes
What is Special Conditions?
What is the importance of Having

Special Conditions in the
Contract?


Question: Is Special Condition of Contract always necessary?
FAQs:
1. Contractors and subs need to know what type of work falls outside their scope of work to avoid
performing additional work without additional compensation.

Name: Class number:

Lesson title: Review of Specifications & Plans: Bid Forms. Materials:

1. Define what is the use Bid Forms. www.Hwayengg.org
2. Learn how to formulate an effective Bid Form.
Productivity Tip: As a general rule, when you’re trying to study, avoid your bed as much as you can. Try to
study in a chair or at a desk, where you have to sit up and pay attention. If you let yourself lie down or try to
study in bed, you are guaranteed to feel sleepier and not be as productive.
Introduction :
A bid form, also called bid proposal form or construction bid proposal form in case of
construction bidding, is a document or a standard printed form often included with the notice of
sale in a competitive bid writing, given to the bidders or underwriters so that they may submit the
information required for the bid, which must be in correct format and sequence.
The Bidding Documents shall clearly and adequately define, among others:
(a) the objectives, scope, and expected outputs and/or results of the proposed contract;
(b) the eligibility requirements of bidders;
(c) the expected contract duration; and
(d) the obligations, duties, and/or functions of the winning bidder.
Care should be taken to check the relevance of the provisions of the Bidding Documents against
the requirements of the specific Works to be procured

What are Bid Forms?
What is the main purpose of Bid

Forms?

Name: Class number:

Who prepares bid forms?
B. MAIN LESSON
Bid forms can be used in two ways:

1. In the case of a contractor who would like to respond to a bid invitation with a bid on a
project
2. In the case of an owner collecting bids from potential contractors and he or she would like to
create a standard form to be included with the formal invitation to bid to be completed by
the bidder or underwriter if a bid is submitted.
Fundamentals of a Bid Form

In a bid form, in case of a construction project, the project owners and contractors must outline
the terms and conditions of a bid on a certain construction where project owners may create a
blank bid form for the bidders to fill out. Similarly, contractors can create their own bid form when
they want to place a bid. The form must state that the contractor has reviewed the project
documents and must contain all the important and necessary details of the bid.
What Goes on a Construction Bid Form?
1. The Basics
At the top of the document, all of the contact information for both the construction company and
the potential customer should be listed. This includes names, addresses, and signatures for all
parties involved. Also be sure to list the name and address of the project itself.
2. Project Scope
Before getting into any pricing details, the construction bid should first lay out the scope of the
project. It’s important to get as detailed as possible here, highlighting all of the services you’re
proposing to provide. Write out the grade of the work, the proposed schedule, quality, materials,
and any other features necessary for the completion of the project.
Project Summary
[In a few sentences, summarize the project and describe the work to be
performed by your company.]

Name: Class number:

Procedural Expectations
[In a few sentences, describe plans for worksite maintenance, such as the process
for removing trash from the site. This is also where you should detail who
maintains ownership of excess materials, who will be responsible for worksite
cleanup, etc. ]
Project Owner Expectations

[In a few sentences, describe any worksite expectations for the client, such as the
provision of bathroom facilities, tower lights, water, shelter, etc. Be sure to also
outline safety expectations here, such as who is allowed on the worksite, required
safety gear, and what should be done to protect any children, seniors, or pets
who may live or work near the worksite.]
Materials and Services Not Included

This proposal covers only the labor, services, materials, and goods outlined
herein.
3. Existing Conditions
You need to perform a preliminary site assessment before preparing your bid document, and the
resulting proposal should include a documentation of the existing conditions at the worksite. Be
sure to include the necessary actions taken to remediate each condition as well as which party is
responsible for each task.
CONDITION NECESSARY ACTION PARTY RESPONSIBLE
[Contractor] is not responsible for the remediation of any existing conditions

discovered after commencement of the project, nor for any delays that occur as a
result. In the event of such a discovery of previously unfound existing conditions,
[Contractor] will work with [Project Owner] to determine the scope of extra work,

CIE 126:
12 Quantity Surveying
Name: Class number:

costs involved with remedying the existing conditions, and a date for payment
through a written Change Order.
4. Cost
This is where you’ll provide the customer with a cost estimate for the entire pproject,
roject, broken down
into subsections such as materials and labor.. This section should also detail the costs that would
incur should the project go over scope, in order to lay out clear expectations up front.

CIE 126:
Name: Class number:

5. Terms of Payment
Many people include a cost estimate and forget to also detail the terms of payment — that is, the
manner in which and when they expect to be paid. It’s unlikely that the customer will be willing to
pay you all at once, so write out a list of milestones for the project and what percentage of the
total should be paid at that point.
6. Relevant Documentation
Construction projects are huge and consist of many sub sub-projects
projects that are managed by different
authorities.
horities. It’s important to lay out in your construction bid exactly what those sub-projects
sub are
and who has authority over them. This will eliminate confusion later on by making clear exactly
who is in charge of each project, as well as who has the legal authority to sign relevant paperwork
and enter into legally binding commitments during the project.
7. Work Schedule
Your work schedule should be more than just when the project will begin and end. This section
should also include the date that the con
contractor
tractor will receive approval to begin work on the
project. This is also where you should detail the extent to which you will assume liability for delays
caused by events beyond your control, like permit approvals or poor weather. Be sure to also
differentiate
iate between working days and calendar days, and don’t forget to factor in supplier lead
times, permit or zoning approval periods, and other third
third-party
party processes that could delay your
schedule.

CIE 126:
Name: Class number:

8. Formal Bid & Signatures

Finally, the bid proposal is not complete without a formal statement of intent to provide services
for the project as well as a bid estimate and signatures. If you’re the sole owner of your company,
you can sign the document alone, but if you’re working together with a co co-owner
owner or manager
man you
should have them sign the document as well.
Activity 3: Skill-building
building Activities
Fill the Box
What must be outlined in Bid Forms

for Construction Projects?
What are 2 ways Bid Forms can be

used?


Question: Do Bid forms need to be complete and concise
concise? Why?

Name: Class number:

FAQs:
1. For Government Projects, the required Philippine Bidding Documents (PBDs) for the
procurement of Infrastructure Projects/Works through Competitive Bidding have been
prepared by the Government of the Philippines (GOP) for use by all branches, agencies,
departments, bureaus, offices, or instrumentalities of the Government, including government-
owned and/or -controlled corporations (GOCCs), government financial institutions (GFIs), state
universities and colleges (SUCs), and local government units (LGUs).

Name: Class number:

Lesson title: Detailed Quantity Survey: Concrete Materials:

1. Define the Different Classification of Concrete. www.Hwayengg.org
2. Learn how to Calculate Quantities of Materials for Concrete.
Productivity Tip: It’s okay to take periodic breaks during the day as often as you need to. Mind you, these
won’t be long breaks. You don’t want to lose your motivation! But you can take 15 minutes here and there to
clear your head, recharge, and be ready to tackle those books again at full force.
Introduction :
Estimating the cost of new concrete involves much more than the price of concrete. There are many
variables to consider, such as surface prep, formwork, reinforcing materials, and finish work, plus the
cost of the concrete, that will add up to the total price of the job. Costs for specific items will vary
from location to location or from site to site, but you can get a rough estimate using some averaged
amounts.

What is the unit of measure of
Concrete?
What material composes
Concrete?
How many bags of cement do
you need for 1 cubic meter of
Concrete?

Name: Class number:

B. MAIN LESSON
Concrete can be Plain or Reinforced. Plain Concrete is an artificial stone resulting from mixing
together cement, fine aggregates, coarse aggregates and water. Reinforced Concrete is basically a
concrete with reinforcement properly embedded that the two materials work together.
The Different Types of Concrete Used in Construction are :

1. The Ordinary Portland cement
2. The Rapid Hardening Portland Cement (Early Strength)
3. The Blast Furnace or Sulfate Cement (Chemical Resistant)
4. The Low Heat Portland Cement (Reduce Heat of Hydration)
5. The Portland Pozzolan Cement
6. The High Alumina Cement
Aggregates for concrete work are classified into two:

1. Fine Aggregate such as crushed stone, crushed gravel, sand or natural sand with particles
passing on a 5 mm sieve.
2. Coarse Aggregate such as crushed stone, crushed gravel or natural gravel with particles
retained on a 5 mm sieve.
Principles of Concrete Mixing

The purpose in mixing concrete is to select an optimum proportion of cement, water and aggregates, to
produce a concrete mixture that will meet the following requirements:
1. Workability 2. Strength
3. Durability 4. Economy
The proportion that will be adopted in concrete mixing has to be established by actual trial to attain the
desired strength and quality of concrete required under the following procedures:
1. The water cement ratio is first determined at the very first hour of mixing to meet the
requirements of strength and durability.
2. The cement-aggregate ratio is then chosen and established to satisfy the workability
requirements. Workability is the ability of the fresh concrete to fill all the voids between the steel
bars and the forms without necessarily exerting much effort in tamping.

Name: Class number:

Unit of Measure
Concrete structures were estimated in terms of cubic meter although the components like cement, sand,
gravel and water, are measured in pounds, cubic foot and gallons per bag respectively.
Concrete Proportioning
Proportioning concrete mixture is done in two different ways:
by weight by volume method
The most common and convenient way is by the volume method using the empty plastic bag of cement,
or by a measuring box.
Concrete Proportion
Mixture Cement in Bag Sand Gravel
Proportion
Class 40kg 50gk cu.m. cu.m.
AA 1 : 1 1/2 : 3 12 9.5 0.50 1.00
A 1 : 2 : 4 9 7 0.50 1.00
B 1 : 2 1/2 : 5 7.5 6 0.50 1.00
C 1 : 3 : 6 6 5 0.50 1.00
Concrete proportion by volume method had long been. Time has proven it to be effective and
successful. However, on construction where space for materials stock piling and mixing does not permit,
ready mixed concrete is the most practical solution.

CIE 126:
Name: Class number:

Sample Problems
A rural road 4.00 meters wide after base preparation requires concreting of 250 meters long. Find the
number of bags cement, sand and gravel requi
required
ed using class "A" concrete if the pavement is 280mm
thick.
Solution
1. Find the total Volume of the Rural Road Pavement

V = Thickness X Width X Length
V = 0.28m X 4.00m X 250m
V = 280 cubic meters
2. Multiply the Volume to the corresponding Proportioning for Class A Concrete.
Cement = 280 cu.m. X 9.0 = 2520 bags
Sand = 280 cu.m. X 0.5 = 140 cubic meter
Gravel = 280 cu.m. X 1.0 = 280 cubic meter
A concrete post 6.00 meters high with cross sectional dimensions of 50 cm. x 50 cm. is supported by a
footing of 250 cm. thick by 1.20 m. square. Using class "A” concrete, find the quantity of cement, sand
and gravel if there are 6 posts of the same size.

Name: Class number:

3. Find the total Volume of the Post and Footing

V = [ ( Cross Area X Height ) + ( Thickness X Width X Length ) ] X N
V = [ ( 0.5 X 0.5 X 6.0 ) + ( 0.25 X 1.20 X 1.20 ) ] X 6
V = 11.16 cubic meters
4. Multiply the Volume to the corresponding Proportioning for Class A Concrete.
Cement = 11.16 cu.m. X 9.0 = 100.44 say 101 Bags
Sand = 11.16 cu.m. X 0.5 = 5.58 c say 6 cubic meters
Gravel = 11.16 cu.m. X 1.0 = 11.16 say 12 cubic meters
FORMS
Form is a temporary boarding, sheathing or pan used to produce the desired shape and size of concrete.
Concrete mixture is generally semi-fluid that reproduces the shape of anything into which it is poured.
Thus, concrete forms shall be water tight, rigid and strong enough to sustain the weight of fresh
concrete.
Plywood as Form has the following .advantages. It is economical in terms of labor cost. It is lightweight
and handy. It has smooth surface which may not require plastering. Less consumption of nails. Ease of
assembling and disassembling
Forms for Square and Rectuangular Column

P = 2 ( a + b ) + 0.20
P = lateral perimeter of the column
a = shorter side of the column
b = longer side of the column
0.20 = constant value for the lapping of form joints
Multiply P by the height of one column times the number of columns to get the total area of the
forms..
Divide the total area by 2.88 to get the number of plywood forms.
Multiply the number of plywood by 29.67 to get the board foot of 2x2 frame, multiply number of
plywood by 44.50 to get the board foot of 2x3 frame.
Forms for Beam and Girder

P = 2 d + b + 0.10
P = lateral perimeter of the column

d = height of beam (side form)
b = width of beam (bottom form)

CIE 126:
Name: Class number:

0.10 = constant value for the lapping of form
Multiply P by the Length of one beam times the number of beams to get the total area of the forms..
Divide the total area by 2.88 to get the number of plywood forms.
Multiply the number of plywood by 29.67 to get the board foot of 2x2 frame, multiply number of
plywood by 44.50 to get the board foot of 2x3 frame.
3. Activity 3: Skill-building Activities

Practice Problem 1
Compute how many 40kg bags of cement is needed for provided framing plan.
plan
Square Footing: 1.20 m X 250mm thick

thick. Class A
Square Column: 250mm
0mm X 6.00m height (4 columns at 6x6 square floor area).
area) Class A
Tie Beam: 250mm width X 350mm ht (all sides)
sides). Class A
Slab on Fill: 150mm thick.. Class C
Roof Beam: 250mm width X 450mm ht (all sides). Class A
Roof Deck Slab: 200mm thick (on top of Roof Beam). Class A

Name: Class number:


Question: Having the same total volume, which will require more cement? A Highway Pavement that
requires class A concrete? Or a typical house garage slab on fill that only requires a Class C concrete?
Which one will cost more to construct.
Lesson Wrap Up
FAQs:
1. Laboratory tests showed that the water-cement content ratio is the most important consideration in
mixing because it determines not only the strength and durability of the concrete but also the workability
of the mixture.
2. Concrete mixtures in a paste form, is preferred than those mixtures which are flowing with water.

Name: Class number:

Lesson title: Detailed Quantity Survey: Masonry Materials:

1. Define the Different Classification of Concrete. www.Hwayengg.org
2. Learn how to Calculate Quantities of Materials for Masonry.
Productivity Tip: Who says that study groups need to be in person? In this day and age, with technologies like
Zoom, Skype, FaceTime, or just a plain phone call, you can connect with your fellow classmates from the
comfort of your home and help each other learn just as if you were together in class .
Introduction :
Concrete Hollow Block is popularly known as CHB. It is classified as load bearing and non-bearing
blocks. The standard hollow blocks has three void cells and two half cells at both ends having a
total of four.
In this study, what we want to know is the quantity of the materials needed for a certain masonry
work made of concrete.
Estimating concrete hollow blocks generally comprises of the following items.
1 . Concrete hollow blocks.
2. Cement and sand for block laying.
3. Cement, sand and gravel filler for the hollow core or cell.
4. Cement and fine sand for plastering.
5. Cement sand and gravel for foundation or footing.
6. Reinforcing steel bars and
7. Tie wires.

Concrete Hollow Blocks?
What material composes
Concrete Hollow Blocks?
How many pieces of CHB do you
need for 1 square meter of wall?

CIE 126:
Name: Class number:

B. MAIN LESSON
Concrete Hollowblocks
Concrete Hollow Block is popularly known as CHB. It is classified as load bearing and non-bearing
non
blocks. The standard hollow blocks has three void cells and two half cells at both ends having a
total of four.
Estimating CHB by Area Method
One square meter area requires 12.5 pieces of CHB. Therefore you can compute the number of
pieces of CHB requires by multiplying the entire are of wall requirement by 12.50.
Say you have a wall or fence 3 meters high by 6 me

meters
ters in length, you can obtain the number of
CHB by computing the Area 3m X 6m then multiplying it by 12.50.
n = A x 12.50 = [ 3m x 6m ] x 12.50 = 225 pcs

Name: Class number:

Cement Mortar
After knowing the number of blocks needed for a particular masonry work, the next step is to find
its work partner called cement mortar. Cement mortar is a mixture of cement, sand and water. It is
used as bonding materials in installing masonry blocks and other various plastering work.
Mortar can be acquired from the table below:
Size of CHB Number Bags Cement Mixture Sand

per sq.
in cm m. A B C D cu.m.
10 x 20 x 40 12.5 0.792 0.522 0.394 0.328 0.044
15 x 20 x 40 12.5 1.526 1.018 0.763 0.633 0.084
20 x 20 x 40 12.5 2.260 1.500 1.125 0.938 0.125
For the fence above, for 4” CHB we can compute the quantity of cement and sand, say for class B.
Cement = [ 3m x 6m ] x 0.522 = 9.396 bags, say 10 bags
Sand = [ 3m x 6m ] x 0.044 = 0.792 cu.m. sand
Plastering
For computing the materials for plastering we can use the table below using the same approach
as the mortar.
Cement in Bags
Mixture
Thickness of Plaster
Class
8 mm 12 mm 16 mm 20 mm 25 mm
A 0.144 0.216 0.288 0.36 0.45
B 0.096 0.144 0.192 0.24 0.3
C 0.072 0.108 0.144 0.18 0.225
D 0.06 0.09 0.12 0.015 0.0188
Sand 0.008 0.012 0.016 0.02 0.025
Say we have 12mm THK plaster, therefore we have:

Cement = [ 3m x 6m x 2] x 0.144 = 5.18 bags, say 6 bags
Sand = [ 3m x 6m x 2] x 0.012 = 0.432 cu.m sand

CIE 126:
Name: Class number:
building Activities
Practice Problem 1
From the figure, determine the following:

a) quantities of 4” CHB
b) bags of 40kg cement
c) sand for mortar and plaster. (the wall will be plastered 20mm thick on both sides.)


Question: Does size of the concrete hollow blocks affect the quantity of mortar?
Activity
ivity 6: Thinking about Learning

Name: Class number:

FAQs:
1. The standard common types of concrete hollow blocks are those with three hollow. There are however
various type of blocks especially designed for architectural and structural purposes such as the stretcher
block, the L-comer block, the single end block, the half block and the beam block.
2. In estimating the quantity of concrete hollow blocks,' what is considered is the side portion of the block.
The thickness is only used in computing the cement mortar for block laying.
3. In block laying work, concrete being a mixture of cement, sand and gravel should be used to fill the
hollow core of the blocks for economical reasons. If cement mortar will be used to fill the core, cost will
be substantially high because of the higher cement content in proportion with sand without gravel.

Name: Class number:

Lesson title: Detailed Quantity Survey: Steel Materials:

1. Learn the basics of reinforcement steel fabrication. www.Hwayengg.org
2. Learn how to calculate quantities of materials for mteel
reinforcements.
Productivity Tip: If you know that you also need to do some household chores in addition to your math
homework, try to knock the chores out either before or after your study session. This way, you won’t be
constantly worried about getting them done, and you’ll be less likely to be distracted while you’re trying to
study.
Introduction :
Steel reinforcing bars are incorporated in concrete to prevent failure when tension and
compression forces exceed the strength of concrete. Round bars are most commonly used to
reinforced concrete. Reinforcement bars may be plain or deformed. Deformed bars are commonly
used because of its characteristic that provides increased bond between the reinforcement bar
and concrete.

steel reinforcements?
What are the available
commercial lengths of steel
reinforcements?
Does splicing have an impact in
computing for quantities of steel
reinforcements?

CIE 126:
Name: Class number:

B. MAIN LESSON
In estimating the quantity of steel reinforcing bars, one has to consider the additional length for the
hook, the bend and the splice whose length varies depending upon the limitations as prescribed by the
National Building Code.
Types of Reinforcement Minimum Splice Legnth
Tension Bars 25 x Bar Size + 150mm

Compression Bars 20 x Bar Size + 160mm

CIE 126:
Name: Class number:


CIE 126:
Name: Class number:


Name: Class number:

Steel Reinforcement Technical Specifications
Steel Reinforcement Estimate
1. Reinforcements for Concrete Hollowblocks
The Area Method is the simplest approach in computing the steel bar reinforcement for CHB with
the aid of Table 1. The values presented in the table include the allowances required for standard
bend, hook and lapping splices.
Table 1 Length of Reinforcements for CHBs
Vertical Reinforcement Horizontal Reinforcement
Spacing
Spacing Length of bars in meter Length of bars in meter
Layer
Per Block Per Sq. mtr Per Block Per Sq. mtr.
40 0.235 2.93 2 0.264 3.3
60 0.171 2.13 3 0.172 2.15
80 0.128 1.6 4 0.138 1.72
With a CHB fence 6 meters long and 1.50 meters high, let’s try to compute for the quantity of
reinforcements if we the vertical reinforcements spaced at 60cm and horizontal reinforcement at

Name: Class number:

every 3 layers of CHB.
Solve first for the Area, A = 6.00 m x 1.50 m. A = 9 sq. Mtr.
For vertical reinforcement spaced at 60 cm, we refer to table 1. Length = 9 sq mtr x 2.12 = 19.08
m long. For horizontal reinforcements at every 3 layers, 9 sq mtr x 2.15 = 19.35 m long.
Add the two results, Total Length = 19.08m + 19.35m = 38.43 meters.
Convert the computed value to commercial length of steel bar, say 6 meters. N = 38.43 m / 6 m
= 6.4 pcs. Say 7 pieces of 10mm x 6m Reinforcements.
2. Isolated Footing Reinforcement
Know the actual dimensions of the footing as to its length and width. Consider 7.5mm minimum
concrete cover for structures underground. If the plan Indicate hook or bend of the
reinforcement, the bar cut should include the allowances for the hook and band as presented in
the plans.
Know the spacing distance of the steel bars both ways to determine the exact number required.
Select the appropriate commercial length of steel bar which is divisible by the required cut length
to avoid unwanted cuts.
Lets have an example. Say we have 6 footings with same dimensions, 1.50 x 1.50 meters. Find the
total number of 16mm steel bars required if the spacing if the spacing is 15cm on center.
Find the net length of one cut reinforcing bar. L = 1.5m – 2 (7.5cm) = 1.35 meters.
Compute of the number of bars per direction, n = [1.5m - 0.15m] / 0.15m = 9 pcs
Compute for the total number of bars for all footings N = [ n x 2 ] x 6 = 108 pcs.
Therefore we need 108 pcs of 16mm x 1.35m. Convert this to commercial length, say 6 meters.
How many 1.35m bars do we get from a 6.0m length steel bar from the store, 6.00 m / 1.35 m =
4.44 pcs. We will not consider the fractional value of 0.44 because it is less than the 1.35m length
of one cut bar. Instead we will only use the whole value of 4.
Therefore we wille divide N to 4 to get how many 6m length steel bar we require to order. 108

CIE 126:
Name: Class number:

pcs / 4 = 27 pcs.
We require 27pcs – 16mm x 6.0m
3. Post/Column Reinforcement
The reinforcement of post and column to be considered

(a.) The main or vertical reinforcement,
(b.) The lateral ties or
(c.) Spiral ties for circular column
The quantity and length of the main reinforcement is determined by the "Direct Counting
Method”, giving special attention to the additional length for
a. Lap joints of end splices
b. AlIowance
lIowance for bending and or hook
c. Additional length for beam depth and floor thickness
d. Distance from floor to footing slab.
e. Provisions for splices of succeeding floors.
Lets have the following detailed drawing as an example. Find the required vertical reinforcement
from the fooring to the second floor using 20mm if there are a total 6 columns in the plan.

Name: Class number:

Determine the total length of the main reinforcement

a. Bend at the base footing ....................... 0.20
b. Length from footing to ground floor ........ 1.20
c. Height from ground line to beam ........... 3.50
d. Depth of beam ........................ : ......... . 0.50
e Thickness of the floor slab ..... ............. . 0.15
f. Dowel for second floor (20 x 20 mm) ..... . 0.40
Total Length of the Reinforcement.... 5.95 M.
Say we use a 6.00 meters long steel bar. Multiply the number of bars in one column x 6 columns.
n = 8 x 6 = 48 pcs per column.
Multiply to 6 columns
N = 48 x 6 = 288 pcs
Therefore we need to order 288pcs - 20mm x 6.0m
4. Beam and Girder Reinforcement

The same as columns or post main reinforcements, Direct Counting so far is the best method in
determining the number of main reinforcements of beam and girder. The length however is
determined by the physical condition of the structure in relation with their support.
1. Verify the plan if the span or distance of the column where the beam is resting indicates the
following conditions:
a) Center to center of the column
b) Outer to center of the column
c) Outer to outer side of the column
d) Inside to inside span
2. Verify the splicing position of the reinforcement if it is adjusted to the commercial length of
steel bars. Take note that "the lesser the splice the Iesser the cost".
3. Identify the bars with hook and bend for adjustment of their order length.

CIE 126:
Name: Class number:

5. Stirrups for beam and girder

The spacing distance of the stirrup requires special consideration because they are gradually
becoming closer towards the support. Hence, it is important to get the average number of
stirrups pers pan or by direct counting from the detailed plan.
Lets have an example using the figure below. Compute for the number of 12mm stirrups required
if there are 4 girders of the same design.

CIE 126:
Name: Class number:

By direct counting, there are 15 stirrups per span, if there are 4 girders then
N = 15 x 4 girders = 60 stirrups
By inspection the length of one stirrup is 150cm. If we use 6.0m long steel bars, we can get 4 pcs
of 150cm. Therefore we can compute how many 12mm x 6.0m steel bars we need
60 / 4 = 15 pcs 12mm x 6.0m steel bars

CIE 126:
Name: Class number:

building Activities
Practice Problem 1

Name: Class number:

From the figure, determine the following:
a.) As per plan total reinforcement weight in kilograms
b.) Quantity in pieces of all reinforcement using 6.0 meter commercial length of steel bar
c.) Difference of weight in kilograms of actual length of bars as per plan versus the total quantity using
6.0m commercial lengths.


Question: Do commercial lengths of rebars affect the estimate and cost? How?
FAQs:
1. The most common commercial length of bars available are 6 m, 7.5m, 9m, 10.5m and 12m
2. The total height of columns is taken from the top of the footing up to to the top of column or highest
beam.
3. The minimum concrete cover for footings is 75mm and for columns and beams is 40mm.

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Syllabus

PEN Code: CIE 126 Credit: 2 units

II. Course Objectives

II. Course Topics, Topic Coverage Dates, and Time Allotment

The Final Grade is computed as follows:

1st Periodical Grade = 60% (Class Standing) + 40% (1 st Periodic Exam)

2ndPeriodical Grade = 60% (Class Standing) + 40% (2nd Periodic Exam)

3rdPeriodical Grade = 60% (Class Standing) + 40% (3rd Periodic Exam)

Final Exam covers all topics

1. Peurifoy, Robert L, Oberlender, Garold D. (2002)

VI. Course Requirements

VII. Faculty Member Information

Name: Class number:

Lesson title: Review of Specifications & Plans: Invitation to Bid. Materials:

Activity 1: What I Know Chart, part 1

What I Know Questions: What I Learned (Activity 4)

What is an Invitation to Bid?

What is the importance of an

What is Invitation to Bid (IB)?

This document is the property of PHINMA EDUCATION

Name: Class number:

Why do you advertise/post an Invitation to Bid?

What does an IB contain?

1. The name and location of the contract to be bid;

This document is the property of PHINMA EDUCATION

Name: Class number:

What is Competitive Bidding?

What is Invitation to Bid?

What does the Invitation to Bid

What is the main reason you

Activity 4: What I Know Chart, part 2

Activity 5: Check for Understanding

Activity 6: Thinking about Learning

a) What is the most important thing you have learned today?

b) Which part of today’s lesson do you want to learn more about?

c) What topic was difficult for you to understand?

This document is the property of PHINMA EDUCATION

Name: Class number:

1. Bidders are screened whether qualified or not.

KEY TO CORRECTIONS (refer TG’s )

Answers to Skill-Building Exercises;

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Name: Class number:

Lesson title: Review of Specifications & Plans: General Conditions. Materials:

Activity 1: What I Know Chart, part 1

What I Know Questions: What I Learned (Activity 4)

This document is the property of PHINMA EDUCATION

Name: Class number:

Activity 2: Content Notes

Construction contracts typically include most of the following:

Categories of General Conditions that may be Included in a Construction Contract:

Roles and Work of Parties

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Price & Payments

 Will there be progress payments or a lump sum final payment?

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Name: Class number: