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    CH 6 Forging Process

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    عبدالرحمن ناصر
    The document discusses various plastic deformation processes used to shape metals including forging techniques like hand forging, drop forging, and upset forging. It provides details on how each technique is performed and the tools involved. Defects that can occur during forging are also mentioned.

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    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    CH 6 Forging Process

    Uploaded by

    عبدالرحمن ناصر
    14 views8 pages
    The document discusses various plastic deformation processes used to shape metals including forging techniques like hand forging, drop forging, and upset forging. It provides details on how each technique is performed and the tools involved. Defects that can occur during forging are also mentioned.

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    The details of forging process

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    Ch 6 Forging process

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    The document discusses various plastic deformation processes used to shape metals including forging techniques like hand forging, drop forging, and upset forging. It provides details on how each technique is performed and the tools involved. Defects that can occur during forging are also mentioned.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    14 views8 pages

    CH 6 Forging Process

    Uploaded by

    عبدالرحمن ناصر
    The document discusses various plastic deformation processes used to shape metals including forging techniques like hand forging, drop forging, and upset forging. It provides details on how each technique is performed and the tools involved. Defects that can occur during forging are also mentioned.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    You are on page 1of 8

    5/11/2015

    Basic Workshop

    ‫ت ا رش‬ ‫أ‬
    1

    Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh

    Plastic Deformation Process

    Casting (Liquid state)


    Forging (solid state)
    Rolling (solid state)
    Deep Drawing (solid state)
    Extrusion (solid state)
    Wire Drawing (solid state)

    Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh

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    5/11/2015

    Forging Process

    Forging Processes

    Hand Forging

    Drop Forging

    Upset Forging

    Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh

    Hand Forging

    Hand forging is the oldest type of metal working process and has influenced the
    formation of other materials through the age.
    Smith forging was formerly the process envisioned when we think of the
    blacksmith wielding a hammer against a piece of hot metal placed upon a rigid
    anvil.
    The modern process is the same except that the crafts-person uses a mechanical
    hammer and manipulators to move heavy pieces.
    Smith forging is done with a flat hammer and a flat anvil.

    Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh

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    5/11/2015

    Hand Forging Tools

    Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh

    Hand Forging Tools

    Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh

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    5/11/2015

    Upset Forging

    The upset forging is done in either the hot or cold state.


    The object is formed by deforming the material, which is usually
    cylindrical-shaped, into a formed cavity similar to drop forging.

    Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh

    Drop Forging

    Is similar to smith forging is done except that shaped on both the hammer
    and anvil are normally utilized.
    Drop forging uses successive dies to first roughly form product, provide a
    semi-finished form to the product, and then to form and blank or trim the
    flashing from the formed object.
    The dies used in the drop forging must be made
    from extremely strong and tough materials in order
    to withstand the impact loads and temperature of
    the process.

    Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh

    4
    5/11/2015

    Drop Forging

    Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh

    Drop Forging

    There are two types of drop forging:


    1. Open-die drop forging
    2. Closed-die drop forging

    In open-die forging, a hammer strikes and deforms the workpiece, which is placed
    on a stationary anvil. The dies are usually flat in shape, but some have a specially
    shaped surface for specialized operations. For example, a die may have a round,
    concave, or convex surface or be a tool to form holes or be a cut-off tool.
    In some cases, open-die forging may be employed to rough-shape ingots to prepare
    them for subsequent operations. Open-die may also orient the grain to increase
    strength in the required direction.

    Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh

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    5/11/2015

    Open-Die Drop Forging

    In this type of forging, the metal is never completely enclosed or confined


    on all sides. The common “upsetting” operation done on a hammer can also
    be considered as an example of open die forging with two flat dies

    Cogging operation on Reducing diameter of a bar Thickness of a ring


    a rectangular bar. by open-die forging. being reduced.

    Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh

    Impression Die Forging

    In impression die forging, the work piece is pressed between the dies. As the metal
    spreads to fill up the cavities sunk in the dies, the requisite shape is formed between
    the closing dies. Some material which is forced out of the dies, is called “flash”.

    Schematic illustrations of stages in impression-die forging.


    the formation of a flash, or excess material that subsequently has to be trimmed off.

    Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh

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    5/11/2015

    Closed Die Forging

    Closed die forging is very similar to impression forging, but in true closed die
    forging, the amount of material initially taken is very carefully controlled, so
    that no flash is formed.
    Otherwise, the process is similar to impression die forging. It is a technique
    which is suitable for mass production

    Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh

    Forging Defects

    Stages in lap formation in a part during forging, due


    Stages in internal defect formation in a forging
    because of an oversized billet. to buckling of the web.
    Web thickness should be increased to avoid this problem.

    Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh

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    Forging Process
    15

    Dr. Abdel-Wahab El-Morsy Faculty of Engineering - Rabigh

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