A Exercise 8

CPSCI 43 A
Laboratory Exercise no. 8

Farming Systems
I. INTRODUCTION
Farming system is a complex inter-related matrix of soil, plants, animals

implements, power, labor, capital and other inputs controlled in part by farm families and
influenced by varying degrees of political, economic, institutional and social forces that
operate at many levels. In other words, it is defined as unique and reasonably stable
arrangement of farm enterprises that the household manages according to its physical,
biological, economic and socio-cultural environment in accordance with the household’s
goals, preferences and resources. Conceptually it refers to a set of elements or
components that are interrelated which interact among themselves. At the center of the
interaction is the farmer exercising control and choice regarding the type and result of
interaction. For example, it represents integration of farm enterprises such as cropping
systems, animal husbandry, fisheries, forestry, sericulture, poultry etc. for optimal
utilization of resources bringing prosperity to the farmer. The farm products other than
the economic products, for which the crops are grown, can be better utilized for
productive purposes in the farming systems approach.
II. Objectives
At the end of the exercise, the students are expected to:
1. Be able to define farming systems and its significance to crop production

2. Identify what crop species and farming systems can be applied
III. Competency Skills
1. Acquire skills in identifying the purpose and application of farming systems in

crop production.
Name: Fhrank Anjhelou Abides M. Date Performed:11/6/22
Lecture Instructor: Maam Lilet Edralin Rating:
DATA SHEET
Exercise No. 8
FARMING SYSTEMS
Library Research
Guide Questions
1. What are the long-term impacts of the following cropping systems in crop
production?
a. Multiple cropping- Multiple cropping can increase production and income and
has additional benefits-increased crop diversity, Improve functioning of
agriculture system, spare land for biodiversity or other uses and reduced use
of inorganic fertilizer and pesticide
b. Mixed cropping- Mixed cropping, typically a mixture of legumes and cereals or
tubers -crops, is a common practice in marginal agro ecological
environments, which fulfills a variety of functions, including complete use of
growth factors, such as soil nutrients, light and water.
c. Monocropping- Agriculture monoculture upset the natural balance of soil. Too
many of the same plant species in one field area rob the soil of its nutrients,
resulting and decreasing Agricultural monoculture upsets the natural balance
of soils. Too many of the same plant species in one field area rob the soil of
its nutrients, resulting in decreasing varieties of bacteria and microorganisms
that are needed to maintain fertility of the soil.
d. Staggered planting-Staggered planting is growing the same vegetable, but

planting the seeds on different dates throughout the season so you can enjoy
a longer period of fresh vegetables. A method used in manual agriculture and
offers many advantages when working with small cultivating areas, garden
beds have the ability to hold more plants. When the plants mature, the leaves
touch and cover the ground creating a microclimate favorable to healthy plant
growth.
e. Ratoon cropping-Including faster leaf spreading, more rapid plant growth,

earlier strike maturity, and reduced production costs due to savings on
fertilizers, seed cane, field preparation, planting and early field management
f. defined as the cultivation of the crop growth after cane harvest, although not
necessarily for grain. Essentially sequential to give crop intensification in the
time dimension and there is no intercrop competition.
g. Mixed farming- Running a system of livestock and arable crops from the
same farm and traditionally involves a broad range of crops and livestock
being grown and raised, with the advantage of spreading the risk of any one
crop failing in a given year. The cultivation of crops alongside the rearing of
animals for meat or egg or milk defines mixed farming. For example, a mixed
farm may grow cereal crops such as wheat or rye and also keep cattle,
sheep, pigs or poultry. Often the dung from the cattle serves to fertilize the
cereal crops.
2. Provide the data needed in the table.

Types of Advantages Compatible crops Photo
Intercropping
1. Mixed
intercropping Increased self- Wheat, green
sufficiency of feed, gram peas, and
more efficient nutrient sunflower are best
cycling, greater suited
provision of ecosystem
services such as
biodiversity and
conservation of
nonrenewable
resourcesPromote
climate resilience
through higher plant
resource efficiency and
natural suppression of
insect pests,
pathogens, and
weeds.
2. Row
intercropping Reasons for Corn, soybean,
intercropping include ladyfinger, wheat
saving space and
resources, ensuring and Climbing
better yields in case of bean
poor returns of the
main culture, repelling
pests, reducing weeds,
proving nutrients for
the neighboring plants
Repels pests.
Nutrient use efficiency.
3. Strip
intercropping Inter-cropping helps in Wheat,
preventing pests and
diseases from Corn,soybean,
spreading throughout ladyfinger and
the field. It also string beans
increases soil fertility
whereas crop rotation
prevents soil depletion,
increases soil fertility
and reduces soil
erosion.
Reduced amount of
herbicide and fertilizer
needed on the field.
Reduce soil erosion
4. Relay
intercropping Improve soil quality, to Bitter gourd,
increase net return, to tomato cucumber,
increase land ladyfinger and
equivalent ratio, and to string bean
control the weeds and
pest infestation.Better
erosion control.
Better distribution of
labor.
Slower spread of
insects.
3. Enumerate and discuss the significance of the different diversified and integrated
farming systems adopted in the Philippines= Diversified farming systems are a
set of methods and tools developed to produce food sustainably by leveraging
ecological diversity at plot, field, and landscape scales. Major agricultural
systems include lowland irrigated farming, rainfed farming and upland farming.
Irrigated farm areas mainly grow rice and sugarcane whereas rainfed areas are
planted with coconut, corn and cassava. Coconut based multi storey system
develop and practice in cavite.
4. Organic farming as practiced by small scale farmers
Bio-intensive gardening promoted by the international institute of rural
reconstruction in cavite. sloping agriculture land technology promoted by the
Mindanao Baptist rural Life Center.
5. Briefly discuss the importance and advantages of crop rotation in crop

production=Crop rotation helps return nutrients to the soil without synthetic
inputs. The practice also works to interrupt pest and disease cycles, improve soil
health by increasing biomass from different crops' root structures, and increase
biodiversity on the farm.Crop rotation can improve yield and profitability over
time, control weeds, break disease cycles, limit insect and other pest infestations,
provide an alternative source of nitrogen, reduce soil erosion, increase soil
organic matter, improve soil tilth, and reduce runoff of nutrients and chemicals.
Crop rotation improves yield and profitability over time to control weeds, break
disease cycle limit insect and other pest infestation, provide an alternative source
of nitrogen, reduce soil erosion, increase soil organic matter, improve soil tilth
and reduce runoff of nutrients and chemicals as well as the potential
contamination of surface water.
6. Choose a farming system and compatible crops which suits best on your locality
and explain the factors of its suitability=lowland Rice Farming System Agriculture
in the lowlands takes place on small peasant farms that produce annual food
crops for subsistence and markets. Rice and vegetables are the first and second
most important food crops produced. Since water is available and can be easily
accumulated on low lands, it is advantageous to grow rice here (low lands).
Another advantage is that it is easy to irrigate rice crops grown on low lands.
Strip intercropping is the most compatible for our sloppy are because it well
reduces soil erosion we well efficiently use the land and can still pass it to the
natural suppression of the intercropping crops.

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CPSCI 43 A

Laboratory Exercise no. 8

Farming system is a complex inter-related matrix of soil, plants, animals

At the end of the exercise, the students are expected to:

1. Be able to define farming systems and its significance to crop production

III. Competency Skills

1. Acquire skills in identifying the purpose and application of farming systems in

d. Staggered planting-Staggered planting is growing the same vegetable, but

e. Ratoon cropping-Including faster leaf spreading, more rapid plant growth,

2. Provide the data needed in the table.

Nutrient use efficiency.

Reduce soil erosion

5. Briefly discuss the importance and advantages of crop rotation in crop

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