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CPHQ

This document provides a sample exam for the Certified Professional in Healthcare Quality (CPHQ) certification. It includes 15 multiple choice questions covering topics related to healthcare quality such as definitions of quality, dimensions of quality care, efficiency in healthcare, and responsiveness to patient preferences. The questions assess understanding of concepts from the healthcare quality field as defined by organizations like the Institute of Medicine. er C

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100% found this document useful (2 votes)
394 views16 pages

CPHQ

This document provides a sample exam for the Certified Professional in Healthcare Quality (CPHQ) certification. It includes 15 multiple choice questions covering topics related to healthcare quality such as definitions of quality, dimensions of quality care, efficiency in healthcare, and responsiveness to patient preferences. The questions assess understanding of concepts from the healthcare quality field as defined by organizations like the Institute of Medicine. er C

Uploaded by

Dr. MLK
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Exam CPHQ

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Certified Professional in Healthcare Quality

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Total Questions: 201 Q&A's
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Question: 1

“Underuse is evidence by the fact that many scientifically sound practices are not used as often they
should be, For example, biannual mammography screening in woman ages 40 to 69 has been proven
beneficial and yet is performed less than 75 percent of the time.” This is the categorization of:

A. Defects
B. La of professionalism in Medical field
C. La of care
D. Healthcare practice

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Answer: A

Question: 2

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__________ is a term applied when the proper clinical car process is not executed appropriately,
such as giving the wrong drug to a patient or incorrectly administering the correct drug.

A. Underuse y.
B. Overuse
C. Misuse
D. Illegal use
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Answer: C

Question: 3
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Crossing the Quality Chasm provided a blueprint for the future that classified and unified the
components of quality through six aims for improvement, chain of effects, and simple rules for
redesign of healthcare. The six aims for improvement, viewed also six dimensions of quality. Which
of the following is NOT out of those dimensions?
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A. Safe
B. Care centered
C. Efficient
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D. Effective

Answer: B

Question: 4

______________ can be measured by how well evidence-based practices are followed, such as the
percentage of time diabetic patients receive all recommended care at each doctor visit, the
percentage of hospital-acquired infections, or the percentage of patients who develop pressure
ulcers (bed sores) while in the nursing home.

A. Safe care
B. Equitable care
C. Effective care
D. Timely care

Answer: C

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Question: 5

Today’s patients’ perception of the quality of our healthcare system is not favourable. In healthcare,
qualityis household word that evokes great emotion, including:

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A. Frustration and despair, exhibited by patients who experience healthcare services firsthand or
family members who observe the care of their loved ones
B. Anxiety over the ever-increasing costs and complexities of care
C. Patient centered measures
D. Timely care that may be experienced in terms of performance of services
y. Answer: A, B
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Question: 6

There is a story of an intensive care unit (ICU) at Dominican Hospital in Santa Cruz Country,
California. Dominican, a 379-bed community hospital, is part of the 41-hospital Catholic Healthcare
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West system. “We used to replace ventilator circuit for incubated patients daily because we thought
this helped to prevent pneumonia,” explained Lee Vanderpool, vice president. “”But the evidence
shows that the more you interfere with that device, the more often you risk introducing infection. It
turns out it is often better to leave it alone until it begins to become cloudy, or ‘gunky,’ as the no
clinicians say.” The hospital staff learned an important lesson from this experience that:
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A. Evidence is more powerful than intuition


B. Intuition is more powerful than evidence
C. Efforts improve mortality rate
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D. Introduction f a new protocol, or any new idea, involves education

Answer: A

Question: 7

A number of attributes can characterize the quality of healthcare services. As, there are different
groups involved in healthcare, such as physicians, patients and health insurers, tend to attach
different levels of importance to particular attributes and as a result define quality care differently.
Which of the following is/are NOT out of those attributes?

A. Technical performance
B. Responsiveness to patient preferences
C. Excess staff
D. Amenities

Answer: C

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Question: 8

Quality and technical performance refers to how well current scientific medical knowledge and
technology are applied in a given situation. It is usually assessed in terms of:

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A. Timeliness and accuracy of the diagnosis
B. Appropriateness of therapy and other medical interventions are performed
C. The quality of interpersonal relationships
D. Both A & B
y. Answer: D

Question: 9
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The quality of amenities of care refers to the characteristics of the setting in which the encounter
between patient and clinician takes place, such as:
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A. Comfort
B. Comfort, care and access
C. Comfort, convenience and privacy
D. Responsive to patient preferences
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Answer: C

Question: 10
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Amenities may cover areas as mentioned below EXCEPT:

A. Ample and convenient parking


B. Good directional signs
C. Comfortable waiting rooms
D. Vast and facilitated food providing area

Answer: D
Question: 11

_________________ refers to the “degree to which individuals and groups are able to obtain
needed services.”

A. Responsiveness to patient preferences


B. Amenities
C. Equity
D. Access

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Answer: D

Question: 12

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In earlier formulations, responsiveness to patients’ preferences was just one of the factors seen as
determining the quality of patient clinician interpersonal relationship. But, now it is translated into
many factors. Which of the following is out of such factors?

A. Respect for patients’ values


B. Respect for patients’ preferences
C. Respect for patients’ expressed needs
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D. Respect for Respect for patient’s convenience
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Answer: A, B, C

Question: 13
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Efficiency refers how well resources are used in achieving a given result. Efficiency whenever the
resources used to produce a given output are _____________.
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A. Reduces, reduced
B. Increases, increased
C. Improves, reduced
D. It is truly situation dependent
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Answer: C

Question: 14

In general, as the amounts spent on providing services for a particular condition grow, diminishing
returns set in meaning that each unit of expenditure yield ever-smaller benefits until a point where
________________.
A. No additional benefits accrue from adding more care
B. Additional benefits are too small to justify the added costs
C. There is displacement of more useful care
D. perfection is within the reach of all individuals

Answer: A

Question: 15

“Quality is the degree to which health services for individuals and populations increase the likelihood

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of desired health outcomes and are consistent with current professional knowledge.” This is the
definition of Quality care often quoted by:

A. IOM

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B. IHI
C. HQCB
D. OCHP

y. Answer: A

Question: 16

“Likelihood of desired health outcomes” corresponds to clinicians’ view that, with respect to
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outcomes, there are only probabilities, not certainties, owing to factors-such as patients’ genetically
determined physiological reliance-that influence:

A. The primary concerns of patients


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B. Outcomes of care and yet are beyond clinicians’ control


C. Outcomes of care and now are within clinicians’ control
D. High cost interventions
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Answer: B

Question: 17
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In fact, because patients’ satisfaction is so influenced by __________________ rather than to the


more indiscernible technical ones-health maintenance organizations, hospitals and other health care
delivery organizations have come to view the quality of nontechnical aspects of care as crucial to
attractions and retaining patients.

A. Their reactions to interpersonal and amenity aspect of care


B. Patients recognize that they do not possess the wherewithal to evaluate all technical elements of
care
C. Every patient has definite preference in every clinical situation
D. Their likelihood of desires outcomes

Answer: A

Question: 18

Payers are more likely to embrace the optimization definition of care which can put them at odds
with:

A. Clinicians

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B. Health administrators
C. Physicians
D. Both A & B

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Answer: C

Question: 19

The manager’s perspective on quality differs markedly from that of clinicians and patients on:

A. Efficiency, effectiveness and access


B. Efficiency, cost effectiveness and equity
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C. Responsiveness to patient preferences
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D. Equity, access and technical performance

Answer: B
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Question: 20

Strong disagreement do arise, among the five parties’ definitions (i.e. the clinician’s, the patient’s
C

the payers, the manager’s and the society’s), even outside the realm of cost effectiveness. Conflicts
typically arise when:

A. Practitioners who are highly skilled in trauma and other emergency care B. Each group
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emphasizes a particular aspect of care


C. One party holds that a particular practitioner or clinic is a high quality provider by virtue of having
high ratings on single aspect of care
D. The facility receives top marks from a team of expert clinicians whose primary focus is on
technical performance

Answer: C

Question: 21
All the evaluations of quality of care can be classified in terms of one three aspects of care giving
they measure. Which of the following is/are NOT out of these measures?

A. Structure
B. Process
C. Output
D. Cutbas

Answer: C, D

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Question: 22

When quality is measured in terms of structure the focus is on the relatively static characteristics of

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the individuals who provide care and of the settings where the care is delivered. These
characteristics include ____________ of professionals who provide care and the adequacy of the
facility’s equipment, and overall organization.

A. Education
B. Training
C. Certification
D. A, B and C
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Answer: D
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Question: 23
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Licensing and accrediting bodies have relied heavily on structural measures of quality not only
because the measures are relatively stable and thus easier to capture but:

A. They reliably indentify providers who are cheap


B. They reliably identify providers who demonstrably la means to deliver high quality care
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C. They can never la the means to deliver high quality care


D. They reliably identify physicians
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Answer: B

Question: 24

Ordering the correct diagnostic procedure for a patient is a measure of _________. When evaluating
the process of care, however, appropriateness is only half the story. The other half is in how well and
how promptly (i.e. skill-fully) the procedure was carried out.

A. Consciousness
B. Appropriateness
C. Care assessment
D. Equity

Answer: B

Question: 25

Because of the goals of care can be defined broadly, outcome measures have come to include the
costs of care as well as patients’ satisfaction with care. In formulations that stress the technical

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aspects of care, however outcome typically refers to:

A. Health status-related indicators such as whether the pain subsided


B. Desired results

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C. Appropriate and potentially harmless care
D. Special set of clinical activities

Answer: A

Question: 26
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Knowledge about _______ is crucial to making valid judgments about quality of care using either
process or outcome measures. If we know that a given clinical intervention was undertaken in
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circumstances that match those, under which the intervention has been shown to be efficacious, we
can be confident, that the care was appropriate and, to the extent of good quality.

A. Outcomes
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B. Structure
C. Efficacy
D. Processes
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Answer: C

Question: 27
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Universities often evaluate applicants for admission on the basis of, among other things, the
applicants’ scores on standardized tests. The scores are thus one of the criteria by which program
judge the Quality of their applicants. However, although two programs may use the same criterion –
scores on a specific standardized examination-to evaluate applicants, the programs may differ
markedly on standards: One program may consider applicants acceptable if they have scores above
the 50th percentile, whereas the score above the 90th percentile may be the standard of
acceptability for the other program. This example clearly defines the difference between:

A. Sources and structure


B. Criteria and standards
C. Processes and outcomes
D. Efficacy and equity

Answer: B

Question: 28

For cheing the outcomes our focus of attention is blood pressure of patients with diabetes. Its
criteria and standard can be respectively:

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A. Criterion: Percentage of post heart atta patients prescribed beta-bloers on discharge and
Standard: At least 96% of heart atta patients receive a beta-bloer prescription on discharge
B. Criterion: Percentage of patients with diabetes whose blood pressure is at or below 130/85 and

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Standard: At least 50% of patients with diabetes have blood pressure at or below 130/85
C. Criterion: Sugar level in blood on daily basis and Standard: How many times sugar level rises and
how many times it declines in a week
D. None of these

Answer: B

Question: 29
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When formulating medical standards, a critical decision that must be made is the _____ at which the
standard should be set.

A. Depth
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B. Clarity
C. Level
D. utility of measurement
C

Answer: C

Question: 30
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_________________ standards denote level of quality that can be reached under the best
conditions, typically conditions similar to those under which efficacy is determined. These standards
are especially useful as a reference points being evaluated should set as a benchmark.

A. Optimal standards
B. Minimal standards
C. Achievable standards
D. Something in between
Answer: A

Question: 31

___________________ is a difference between an observed event and a standard or norm. Without


this standard, or, best practice, measurement of variation offers little beyond a description of the
observations.

A. Variation
B. Process variation

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C. Assignable variation
D. Random variation

Answer: A

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Question: 32

Measurement of variation in health care and its application to quality improvement must begin with
the identification and articulation of:

A. What is to be measured?
B. Assignable variation
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C. The standard against which is to be compared a process based on extensive research,
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trial and error and collaborative discussion
D. Understanding true variation versus artifact or statistical error

Answer: B, C
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Question: 33
C

__________________ arises from a single or small set of causes that are not part of event or process
and therefore can be traced, identified and implemented or eliminated. In general, researchers are
interested in this variation because they can link-or-assign variation to a single specific cause and act
accordingly.
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A. Process variation
B. Assignable variation
C. Random variation
D. Performance variation

Answer: B

Question: 34
He used his understanding of statistics to design tools to respond to variation. Following his arrival at
Western Electric Co. in 1924, Shewhart introduced the concepts of common cause, special cause
variation and statistical control. He designed these concepts to assist Bell Telephone of repairs
within its transmission systems. Who is he?

A. W. Edwards Deming
B. Josph M. Juran
C. Walter Shewhart
D. Armand Shewhart

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Answer: C

Question: 35

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In the 1970s, Deming developed his 14 points for western Management in response to requests
from U.S. managers for the secret to the radical improvement that Japanese companies were
achieving in a number of industries. As part of his “system of profound knowledge,” Deming
promoted that “around 15% of poor quality was because of workers, and the rest of 85% was due to
bad management, improper systems and processes.” The “system” is based on parts. Which o the
following is/are NOT out of those parts?

A. Appreciation for a system


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B. Knowledge about variation
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C. Theory of knowledge
D. Sociology

Answer: D
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Question: 36

Joseph juran defined quality as consisting of two different but related concepts. The first form of
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quality is income oriented and includes features of t he product t hat meet customer needs and
thereby produce income (i.e., higher quality costs more). The second form of quality is cost oriented
and emphasizes:
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A. Freedom from failures


B. Freedom from deficiencies
C. Knowledge abut variation
D. Both A and B

Answer: D

Question: 37
Juran Trilogy includes all the following sub-points under the major heading of quality planning
EXCEPT:

A. Identify who the customers are


B. Determine the needs of those customers
C. Develop a process that is able to produce the product
D. Optimize the product feature to meet our needs and customer needs

Answer: C

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Question: 38

Overproduction

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Inventory
Repairs/rejects
Motion
Processing
Waiting
Transport
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These are the types of _____________ identified by Taiichiohno.

A. Waste (activities that do not add value to the process)


B. Continuous improvement
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C. Quality controls
D. Areas to be focused during production

Answer: A
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Question: 39

TQC is excellence driven rather than defect driven-a system that integrates:
C

A. Quality development, quality improvement and quality maintenance


B. Quality improvement and quality maintenance
C. Quality development, quality improvement and quality assessment
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D. Quality improvement and quality maintenance

Answer: A

Question: 40

Crossby’s quality improvement process is based on the Absolutes of Quality Management. Which of
the following is/are out of those absolutes?
A. Quality is defined as conformance to requirements, not as goodness or elegance
B. The system for causing quality is prevention, not appraisal
C. The performance standard must be zero defects, not “that’s close enough”
D. All of the above

Answer: D

Question: 41

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Quality improvement approaches are derivatives and models of the ideas and theories developed by
thought leaders and include all of the following EXCEPT:

A. PDCA/PDSA

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B. ISO 2001
C. Baldrige criteria
D. Associate for process improvements

y. Answer: B

Question: 42

The following diagram shows:


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C
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A. Baldrige criteria for improvement
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B. API Improvement model
C. Quality improvement
D. None of these
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Answer: B

Question: 43
C

The Baldrige criteria were originally developed and applied to business; however, in 1997,
healthcare-specific criteria were created to help healthcare organizations address challenges such as
focusing on core competencies, introducing new technologies, reducing costs, communicating and
sharing information electronically new alliance with healthcare providers , and maintaining market
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advantage. The Baldrige healthcare criteria are built on the set of interrelated core values and
concepts. Which of the following is NOT out of those values and concepts?

A. Focus on the present


B. Valuing of staff and partners
C. Agility
D. Visionary leadership

Answer: A
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