FCS & BCS Series

Single Inlet Centrifugal Fans with Forward and Backward Inclined Blades

BCS Series FCS Series

Single Inlet Centrifugal Fans with Forward and

Backward Inclined Blades

Introduction

FCS Series CENTRIFUGAL BELT DRIVEN

All FCS series have Single Width, Single Inlet Centrifugal impellers
with Forward Curved blades. The FCS range is from 250 up to 1000 mm
of wheel diameter.

BCS Series
All BCS series have Single Width, Single Inlet Centrifugal impellers
with Backward Inclined blades. The BCS range is from 250 up to 1250
mm of wheel diameter.

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 FCS & BCS Series
Single Inlet Centrifugal Fans with Forward and Backward Inclined Blades

These fans can cover the following

performance range:

FCS: Volume flow rate from 450 m3 /h to

78.000 m3 /h
Total pressure up to 2400 Pa

BCS: Volume flow rate from 400 m3 /h to

72.000 m3 /h

Total pressure up to 3300 Pa

FCS and BCS ranges have been designed

to handle clean air within the following air
tempera­ture limits:

Land R Series: from -20 °C to + 85 °C

K and K1 Series: from -20 °C to + 100 °C
T and T1 Series: from -30 °C to + 180 °C

Production Range Construction versions

The FCS and BCS ranges of SWSI fans, with FCS and BCS fans are available in four
forward and backward inclined blades, are a Arrangement 3 versions, R, K and K1, and in
modular development of the well-known FCS two Arrange­ment 1 versions, T and T1, with
and BCS ranges of DWDI fans. the following size ranges:

The FCS fans have single width, single inlet

centrifugal impellers with forward curved
blades, while the BCS range have high
efficiency, single width, single inlet centrifugal FCS BCS
impellers with backward inclined blades. The
From From
FCS range is based on 15 sizes, from 200 up Version To Size To Size
Size Size
to 1000 mm of wheel diameter, while the BCS
range covers 13 sizes from 250 up to 1000 mm R 200 630 250 630
nominal size. K 250 1000 250 1000

The two series share for a same nominal K1 315 1000 315 1000
CONEXA 2020

size, the same housing dimensions, which

T 315 1000 315 1000
makes it possible to choose either the forward
curved execution or the backward inclined T1 315 1000 315 1000
one, without modifying the connections to the
blower, the attachment points, etc.

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 FCS & BCS Series
Single Inlet Centrifugal Fans with Forward and Backward Inclined Blades

Construction Specification

Scrolls

All the scrolls are made with hot dip galvanized steel
EN 10142. No electrical spot welding is used as
the scroll back is joined to the side plates with the
Pittsbourgh lock forming system. This prevents any
oxidation starting from the welding spots.

Attachment Points On The Side Plates

Standard holes in the side plates are used to attach

mounting feet or side frames to create different
versions.

From size 450 up to 1000, the side-plates have captive

nuts for use with M 10 screws. Smaller sizes have
holes for selfthreading screws.

Impellers

FCS impellers are built from hot-dip galvanised steel,

and have a number of special­ly-designed, forward
curved blades, provid­ing high power density with a
low noise level and high efficiency. The FCS blades are
locked to the end-rings and centre disk with folded
tabs.

BCS impellers have 11 specially designed, backward

inclined blades providing the best efficiency with a
low noise level. Built from mild steel, they are welded, CENTRIFUGAL BELT DRIVEN
treated and painted with alchidic melamminic paint
coloured RAL 7030.

Both FCS and BCS impellers are statically and

dynamically balanced. Better grades can be provided
on request.

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 FCS & BCS Series
Single Inlet Centrifugal Fans with Forward and Backward Inclined Blades

Side Frames

Light-construction side frames of the R versions

are made with cold-formed, galvanized steel
“Sendzimir” type EN 10142. Heavy-duty side
frames of the K, K1, T and T1 versions are made
with hot-rolled steel sections or plates, welded
and coated.

Shafts

Shafts are manufactured from precIsIon ground,

C45 carbon steel bars, using precision tools to cut
keyways. All the shafts are coated, after assembly,
with a clearly distinguishable, bright-yellow
protective paint. Shaft diameters are selected
to achieve a safety factor for critical speed >
1.25 higher than the maximum operating speed.
Stainless steel shafts can be provided on re­quest,
sometimes with a reduction of the maximum
operating speed.

Bearings

Fans of the R versions use single row, deep

groove, self-aligning ball bearings. Sealed and
lubricated for life, they are locked on the shaft
with an eccentric ring clamp and supported, inside
electrically conductive rubber shock absorbers, on
spider-shaped holders bolted on the inlet or to the
closed side plate.

Fans of versions K and T use sealed, single row,

self-aligning ball bearings, with eccentric clamp,
mounted inside Least iron pillow blocks, with
grease nipples, bolted to the side frames (K) or
pedestal (T).
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 FCS & BCS Series
Single Inlet Centrifugal Fans with Forward and Backward Inclined Blades

K1 version fans use, only on the more heavily-

stressed drive side, a single reinforced sin­gle-
row ball bearing, locked on the shaft with a
conical sleeve and mounted inside a cast-iron
pillow block, bolted to the side-frame.

T1 version fans have two identical bearings

with conical sleeve locking.

Bearings on the inlet side of K and K1 fans

having an inlet flange are supported on a
specially designed traverse inside a short
inlet duct. Versions without inlet flange have
normal side frames with a bear­ing-supporting
bar.

All the pillow blocks have grease nipples for

repeated lubrication. RD Rotation

Fan Orientation

Standard fans are supplied with the shaft

drive-end opposite to the fan inlet. Versions
are available with either RD or LG rotation.
Fan rotation should always be properly
specified at ordering time. All the versions
with side frames can be easily turned to
install them in one of the four orientations 0°,
90°, 180° and 270°.

When requested, fan orientation is identified,

when looking at the fan from the drive side. RL Rotation
RD means right (clockwise) rotation & LG
CENTRIFUGAL BELT DRIVEN
means left (counter-clockwise) rotation.

Performance Specifications
Air Performance

Air performance ratings of the fans described

by this catalogue have been derived from
perfor­mance tests made with installation type
"B", with free inlet and ducted outlet. Ratings
are referred to the standard air density of 1.20
kg/m3. 5
 FCS & BCS Series
Single Inlet Centrifugal Fans with Forward and Backward Inclined Blades

Dynamic pressure and outlet air velocity, as power and power used by the bearings. In
shown on the scales below each diagram,are most cases, bearing power is small and often
calculat­ed in accordance with the said negligible when compared to impeller power,
standards, using the total outlet area for but becomes relatively more important with
calculations. decreasing fan size and speed, and may be
significant at the lower end of the size range.
“Free-outlet” Operation
Drive losses are not calculated. Fan
When operating in installation type “A”, with mechanical input power is a function of flow
free inlet and free outlet, the available static rate and speed, but doesn’t change between
pressure of the fan, PSA’ is lower than when installation types A (with free inlet and free
the fan is used with ducted outlet, and can be outlet) and B (with free inlet and ducted
satisfactorily cal­culated subtracting, from the outlet).
total pressure in the catalogue, an increased
dynamic pressure, cal­culated by multiplying Efficiency
conventional dynamic pressure by a factor Kd
shown below. Efficiency values shown on the diagrams are
total impeller efficiency, with the fan operating
with in­stallation type B ( ηrB according to
ISO 5801 symbols), without considering
Kd - FCS Kd - BCS bearing power losses, drive losses and,
of course, motor power losses. Impeller
2.18 1.81
efficiency actually is, for a given fan size, a
function also of fan speed or, alternatively,
of the Reynolds number Re. Experimental
This dynamic pressure increase represents
measurements have shown, anyway, that
the effect of the airflow contraction produced
within the fan speed range shown in the
by the cut-off plate and the absence of an
catalogue, the actual efficiency variation of
outlet duct, which would act as a diffuser,
FCS and BCS impellers is well within the
allowing at least partial conversion of the
allowed tolerances. Consequently, this small
excess of dynamic pressure into static
change was not represented in the catalogue.
pressure.
Fan efficiency refer­enced to shaft power, with
installation type B, ηaB (including bearing
Fan Power
power consumption), can be calculated with
the following formula:
Power curves shown on fan performance
diagrams show impeller absorbed power, Wr.
Vertical scales to the right of each diagram
Wr
show the power consumption of the fan ηaB = ηrB.
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bearings for each fan version, Wb. Fan shaft ( Wr + Wb )

power, Wa, is given by the addition of impeller

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 FCS & BCS Series
Single Inlet Centrifugal Fans with Forward and Backward Inclined Blades

ηrB is impeller total efficiency, with installation type B

ηaB is fan total efficiency referenced to shaft power, with installation type B
Wa is the power used by the impeller
Wb is the power dissipated by the fan bearings

Fan static efficiency is efficiency calculated using only fan static pressure (rather than total
pressure) to calculate the useful power. As such, it is more representative of the actual fan
energy effi­ciency when it is used with installation type A, without a duct connected to the fan
outlet. The fan static efficiency, referred to shaft power, with installation type A, ηsaA’ can be
calculated with the following formula:

Wr P Wr .
ηSaA = ηrB . . SA = ηrB . . ( PFB - Kd PdB )
( Wr + Wb ) PFB ( Wr + Wb ) PFB

pFB is the fan total pressure with installation type B (as shown in performance diagrams)
pSA is the fan static pressure with installation type A
Kd is the coefficient for calculation of fan static pressure with installation type A
pdB is the fan conventional dynamic pressure with installation type B

Sound Power Level

The noise ratings of FCS and BCS fans are calculated starting from sound power level
measurements made in Conexa standard (inlet side measurements). The Sound Power Level
ratings shown on the fan performance diagrams are in decibels, referred to 10-12 watts,
calculated per AMCA Standard 301-90. Values shown are inlet Lwmi(A) sound power levels
for installation type B: free inlet, ducted outlet. Ratings do not include the effect of duct end
correction.
From the A-weighted Lw value on the inlet side, a corresponding Sound Pressure Level (Lp(A)) in
a theoretical acoustic environment can be estimated:

a) in spherical free field: CENTRIFUGAL BELT DRIVEN

Lps(A) = Lws(A) - 20 ·log 1O (d) - 11

b) in hemispherical free field:

Lps(A) = Lws(A) - 20 ·log 1O (d) - 8

where d = distance between the fan and the microphone in m

These sound pressure level values have been calculated for purely idealised acoustic
environments and should be used for comparative purposes only, as they have little relationship
with the sound pressure level which can be measured in a real environment. The user should

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 FCS & BCS Series
Single Inlet Centrifugal Fans with Forward and Backward Inclined Blades

remember that the sound power level of a fan, as installed in practice, could be significantly
higher than that mea­sured in laboratory conditions.

Mechanical vibrations at the rotation frequencies of the fan and of the driving motor, and at the
in­ternal vibration frequencies of the same motor, can easily radiate noise which is not actually
pro­duced by the fan, usually with narrow peaks at well-defined frequencies. The mechanical
reaction of the fan structure to induced vibrations is highly influenced by the stiffness of the base
frame hold­ing together fan and motor.

Air leakage through the connections, or turbulence produced by guards, diffuser grids or
transition pieces can also significantly change the broadband noise spectrum, particularly at
high frequen­cy. As a final note, the actual amplitude of the blade passing frequency peak can
be changed by many decibels as an effect of the acoustic resonance properties of the duct or
plenum connected to the fan.

In most cases, the broadband noise level increase, produced by a reasonable reallife installation,
is kept within 2 dBW. Much more difficult may be the prediction of the noise increase produced
by mechanical vibrations, as this depends on the mechanical characteristics of many other
components (base frame, motor, pulleys and so on), and of the blade passing frequency tone,
which de­pends on the acoustic properties of the duct system.

Normal operation area

The performance diagram of FCS and BCS fans is divided into three areas by two red lines,
parallel to the constant efficiency lines. The two red lines separate the normal operating area
of the fan (in the middle), from the stall region (top-left area) and from the low-pressure region
(bottom-right area). An appropriate selection of the fan size gives an operating point within the
normal operation area of the fan, and, ideally, on or slightly right of the best efficiency line of the fan.
A fan size selection producing an operating point in the low-pressure area of the diagram should
preferably be avoided, because of both the low efficiency and the larger uncertainty of the fan
performance (see also DIN 24166 on this subject). To rectify such a selection, a larger fan size
should be used, or a forward curved FCS fan should be substituted to a similarly sized BCS
backward in­clined one.

A fan size selection with the operating point in the stall region should be carefully avoided;
any fan operating under these conditions operates with low efficiency, generates a fluctuating
pressure and a high noise level in the lower frequency octaves, which may give little contribution
to the A-weighted total noise level, but will be highly annoying. Such a fan choice can be easily
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rectified, by selecting a smaller and faster-turning fan size or, quite often and more simply, by
switching from a forward curved FCS fan to a backward inclined BCS. The performance curves of
the FCS and BCS fans have been extended outside of the normal operation range to assist with
troubleshooting at system start-up time, but fan performance in these conditions is subject to
increased uncertainty, also because of the mutual interference with the air system connected to
the fan.

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 FCS & BCS Series
Single Inlet Centrifugal Fans with Forward and Backward Inclined Blades

Tolerances For BCS fans:

KW = 1.25 if WTot < 0.75 kW
The FCS fans of all sizes, and the BCS fans KW = 1.15 if 0.75 kW ≤ WTot < 10 kW
up to size 315, have air performance and
KW = 1.12 if WTot ≥ 10 kW
sound power levels, as measured according
to the Conexa standard, within the tolerances
• 1 kW= 1.36 HP
allowed by the DIN 24166 standard for Class
• With motors larger that 7.5 kW the use of a star/
2. BCS fans from size 355 upward satisfy the delta (Y/∆) starter or, alternatively, of a soft starter
performance tolerances al­lowed by the same is highly recommended.
standard for Class 1 .
The safety coefficients may be reduced if the actual
operating point is precisely known, and the belt
drive loss can be accurately calculated.
Guidelines for correct use
Effects of backwards rotation on eccentric
Motor Selection
clamp bearings
As already explained in the “Fan power” paragraph,
Eccentric clamp bearings are used on the lighter
the fan shaft power can be calculated adding
duty versions of the FCS and BCS fan range, like
together impeller power, Wr, read on the diagram,
versions R, K, T and, only partly, K 1. These bearings
and bearing power at the required speed, for the
are designed and installed to be operated running
selected fan version, W b , found on the appropriate
only in the normal fan operating direction (see
vertical scale at the right of the diagram.
picture).
The minimum motor power, required to drive the
When the fan has been subject to a short accidental
fan, can be calculated multiplying this fan shaft
backward rotation, the bearings should be
power by a coefficient (function of the shaft power
inspected, to verify that they are still firmly locked
value} which includes both the belt drive power
on the shaft.
loss, and a reasonable safety margin.
Pulley Selection
This safety margin covers any small change in the
operating point or in the actual fan speed, which The operating life of the bearings mounted on the
may be due to a motor speed or to a drive ratio fans depends on many factors, like the applied drive
slightly different from their design values: load and its direction. The drive load is a function of
the diameter and of the number of grooves on the
WTot = ( Wr + Wb ) pulleys used to transmit power.
CENTRIFUGAL BELT DRIVEN
The user should always remember that an improper
WMot > ( WTot . KW ) installation or a wrong configuration of the belt drive
( excessive belt tension, pulley misalignment etc.)
where: could easily lead to fan malfunction.
WTot is the fan shaft power
KW is the motor selection coefficient

For FCS fans:

KW = 1.25 if WTot < 0.75 kW
KW = 1.20 if 0.75 kW ≤ WTot < 10 kW
KW = 1.15 if WTot ≥ 10 kW

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 FCS & BCS Series
Single Inlet Centrifugal Fans with Forward and Backward Inclined Blades

R Version

The R version is fitted with reinforcing rectangular side frames, made of cold-formed galvanised
steel, bolted to the two side plates. They give better strength and stiffness to the fan structure and
allow mounting of the fan with orientation 0°, 90°, 180° or 270°. While standard fans are delivered
with both inlet and outlet flanges, for installation in 180° orientation, the fan should be preferably
re­quested without outlet flange. This Arrangement 3 version is available up to the size 630.

FCS R - LG

FCS R - RD
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 FCS & BCS Series
Single Inlet Centrifugal Fans with Forward and Backward Inclined Blades

BCS R - LG

BCS R - RD

FCS & BCS R Dimension

Model A B C E F G H L M P Q R S V K X1 X2 X3 X4 t t1 w z Ød UxS
200 306 370 257 131 215 164 343 181 295 161 80 37 4 25 59 41 73 224 0 30 54 6 16,5 20 11x16
225 345 415 287 146 242 180 382 196 310 176 80 37 4 25 59 61 96 224 0 30 54 6 16,5 20 11x16
CENTRIFUGAL BELT DRIVEN
250 381 461 321 164 269 195 419 214 328 194 80 38 4 25 59 79 119 224 0 30 53 6 16,5 20 11x16
280 429 518 360 183 302 215 466 243 357 213 80 37 5 30 64 75 119 280 0 40 57 8 21 25 13x18
315 480 578 403 205 339 236 518 265 379 235 80 38 4 30 64 100 149 280 0 40 56 8 21 25 13x18
355 544 655 451 229 383 261 578 309 421 269 80 34 7 40 72 95 150 355 0 40 75 8 26 30 13x18
400 609 736 505 256 431 290 649 336 448 296 80 40 5 40 72 127 191 355 0 40 69 8 26 30 13x18
450 679 827 567 288 485 322 725 368 488 338 80 46 6 40 80 75 149 530 0 50 74 10 30 35 13x18
500 748 918 636 322 538 352 799 402 522 372 80 51 6 40 80 109 194 530 0 50 72 10 30 35 13x18
560 841 1030 713 361 603 390 891 461 579 411 80 50 8 50 88 156 250 530 0 70 89 12 35 40 13x18
630 940 1157 802 404 679 434 996 504 622 454 80 56 7 50 88 205 314 530 0 70 89 12 35 40 13x18

**All Dimensions are in mm units**

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 FCS & BCS Series
Single Inlet Centrifugal Fans with Forward and Backward Inclined Blades

K Version

This Arrangement 3 version is available from the size 250 up to 1000 and is stiffened through the
ap­plication of reinforced side frames, made with hot rolled steel sections, welded, coated with
alchid­ic-melamminic paint, and bolted on the scroll side plates. As an option, the frames can be
protect­ed with hot-dip galvanising. Versions with side frames can be mounted in 0°, 90°, 180°
or 270° orien­tations. While standard fans are delivered with both inlet and outlet flanges, when
the fan must be used in 180° orientation, it should be preferably requested without outlet flange.
All the sizes are fitted with cast iron, single piece pillow-block bearings, which provide better
stiffness and can be periodically relubricated.

FCS K - LG

FCS K - RD
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 FCS & BCS Series
Single Inlet Centrifugal Fans with Forward and Backward Inclined Blades

BCS K - LG

BCS K - RD

FCS & BCS K Dimension

Model A B C E F G H L M P Q R S V K X1 X2 X3 X4 t t1 w z Ød UxS
250 381 461 321 164 269 195 419 214 341 194 80 38 4 25 72 79 119 224 0 40 54 8 21 25 11x16
280 429 518 360 183 302 215 466 243 371 213 80 37 5 30 80 75 119 280 0 40 60 8 26 30 13x18
CENTRIFUGAL BELT DRIVEN
315 480 578 403 205 339 236 518 265 399 235 80 38 4 30 86 100 149 280 0 40 66 8 26 30 13x18
355 544 655 452 229 382 261 578 309 426 269 80 34 6 40 80 95 150 355 0 50 67 10 30 35 13x18
400 613 736 505 256 431 290 651 336 459 296 80 37 5 40 82 129 191 355 0 50 64 10 30 35 13x18
450 679 827 569 288 485 322 725 368 509 338 80 46 6 40 100 75 149 530 0 70 78 12 35 40 13x18
500 748 918 637 322 538 352 799 402 543 372 80 51 6 40 100 109 194 530 0 70 78 12 35 40 13x18
560 839 1030 714 361 603 390 893 461 621 411 80 54 8 50 120 155 250 530 0 90 102 14 44,5 50 13x18
630 940 1157 802 404 679 434 999 504 662 454 80 59 7 50 127 205 314 530 0 90 109 14 44,5 50 13x18
710 1050 1303 899 453 765 485 1121 553 749 503 120 71 7 50 124 210 337 630 0 90 106 14 44,5 50 17x22
800 1181 1468 1008 507 862 540 1255 607 803 557 120 74 8 50 124 236 379 710 0 90 106 14 44,5 50 17x22
900 1319 1648 1131 569 970 604 1408 669 871 619 120 89 8 50 131 260 424 800 0 90 106 18 53 60 17x22
1000 1451 1810 1267 638 1065 657 1541 738 940 688 120 90 10 50 131 276 455 900 0 90 106 18 53 60 17x22

**All Dimensions are in mm units**

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