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Salt 5 - Calcium Chloride

The document describes a series of tests conducted to identify the acidic and basic radicals present in a salt sample. Test results indicate the salt is soluble in water and contains calcium and chloride ions. Calcium was confirmed through a flame test showing a brick red colour and a test where calcium oxalate precipitate formed in acetic acid. Chloride was identified by decolorization of potassium permanganate in sulfuric acid and production of white precipitate with silver nitrate that dissolved in ammonium hydroxide. The salt was determined to be calcium chloride based on the test results.

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aarav
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129 views

Salt 5 - Calcium Chloride

The document describes a series of tests conducted to identify the acidic and basic radicals present in a salt sample. Test results indicate the salt is soluble in water and contains calcium and chloride ions. Calcium was confirmed through a flame test showing a brick red colour and a test where calcium oxalate precipitate formed in acetic acid. Chloride was identified by decolorization of potassium permanganate in sulfuric acid and production of white precipitate with silver nitrate that dissolved in ammonium hydroxide. The salt was determined to be calcium chloride based on the test results.

Uploaded by

aarav
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Salt Analysis

Aim: To detect the acidic and basic radicals present in the given salt.
Test Observation Inference

1) Colour White Cu2+, Fe2+, Fe3+, Ni2+, Mn2+,


Co2+ absent.

2) Smell No specific odour NH4+, CH3COO-, S2- absent.

3) Density Heavy Salts of Pb2+, Ba2+ may be


present.

4) Deliquescence Salt does not absorb Chlorides of Zn2+, Mg2+


moisture absent.

5) Dry heating test


Heat a pinch of salt in a dry White residue Ba2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, Mg2+, Al 3+
test tube. may be present.

6) Charcoal cavity test


Mix a pinch of salt with White residue Ba2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, Mg2+, Al 3+
double the quantity of may be present.
Na2CO3 & heat the mixture on
charcoal cavity in reducing
flame.

7) Cobalt nitrate test


Add a drop of cobalt nitrate Black residue Nothing definite.
on the white residue in the
charcoal cavity and heat it in
the oxidizing flame.

8) Flame test
Prepare a paste of salt with Brick red coloured flame Ca2+ present.
conc. HCl & introduce it into
the flame using a platinum
wire loop.

IDENTIFICATION OF ACIDIC RADICALS

9) Dilute H2SO4 test


Salt + dil. H2SO4 No gas evolved. CO32-, SO32-,NO2-, S2- absent.

10) KMnO4 test


Salt + dil. H2SO4 + boil + dil. Pink colour of KMnO4 is Cl-, Br-, I-, C2O42- may be
H2SO4 + 1 drop KMnO4 decolourised. present.

11) Conc. H2SO4 test


Salt + conc. H2SO4 , heat Colourless gas with a Cl- present.
pungent smell that gives
white fumes with NH4OH
solution.

Confirmatory Test for sulphate (Cl-)

12) Silver nitrate test


Acidify aqueous salt solution White ppt soluble in Cl- confirmed.
with dil HNO3, boil, cool + ammonium hydroxide
AgNO3 solution. solution.

IDENTIFICATION OF BASIC RADICALS

13) Test for NH4+


Salt + conc.NaOH, boil and No brown ppt Group 0 (NH4+) absent.
add this solution into
Nessler’s reagent

Preparation of Original Solution (OS)

14) Salt + water, shake well. Salt is soluble in water. Label it as OS.

15) OS + dil HCl No white ppt Group I absent.

16) OS + dil HCl + H2S gas No black/yellow ppt Group II absent.

17) OS + conc. HNO3 + No reddish brown/ white ppt Group III absent.
NH4Cl, Boil, cool and add
NH4OH

18) OS + conc. HNO3 + No white/black/buff coloured Group IV absent.


NH4Cl, Boil, cool and add ppt
NH4OH + H2S gas

19) O.S + NH4Cl, boil, cool+ White ppt formed Group V (Ba2+, Sr2+, Ca2+ )
NH4OH till it smells ammonia present
+ (NH4)2CO3

Confirmatory Test for Ca2+

20) White ppt + dil acetic White ppt formed.. Ca2+ confirmed.
acid, boil + ammonium
oxalate

CHEMICAL EQUATIONS:

CT for chloride (Cl-)

NaCl + AgNO 3 → AgCl ↓ + NaNO 3


White ppt
AgCl +2 NH4OH → [Ag(NH3)2]Cl +2H2O
Soluble complex

CT for Calcium (Ca2+)

CaCO3 + 2CH3COOH → (CH3COO)2Ca + CO2 ↑ + H2O

(CH3COO)2Ca + (NH4)2C2O4 → 2CH3COONH4 + CaC2O4 ↓


White ppt
RESULT TABLE:

Basic Radical Calcium (Ca2+)

Acidic Radical Chloride (Cl-)

Salt Calcium chloride (CaCl2)

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