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DSP Lab

The document contains MATLAB code for generating and manipulating various signals including: 1) Impulse, sine wave, square wave and unit step sequences. 2) Adding and subtracting two signals by generating them as vectors and using vector operations. 3) Generating complex numbers and performing basic operations on them such as magnitude, phase, addition and multiplication. 4) Creating vectors and matrices and using them to generate two-dimensional meshgrids for signal processing.

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Anirban Basu
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44 views

DSP Lab

The document contains MATLAB code for generating and manipulating various signals including: 1) Impulse, sine wave, square wave and unit step sequences. 2) Adding and subtracting two signals by generating them as vectors and using vector operations. 3) Generating complex numbers and performing basic operations on them such as magnitude, phase, addition and multiplication. 4) Creating vectors and matrices and using them to generate two-dimensional meshgrids for signal processing.

Uploaded by

Anirban Basu
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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%%% Program for Arbitrary Sequence generation clc; t=0:9; y=[zeros(1,2),ones(1,2),2*ones(1,2),3*ones(1,2),4*ones(1,2)] stem(t,y); %%%Program for generation of Impulse sequence

t=-3:1:3; y=[zeros(1,3),ones(1,1),zeros(1,3)]; stem(t,y) %%% Sin wave Generation %%%%% t=0.01; n=0:1:200; y=sin(2*pi*n*t); stem(n,y) grid xlabel('time') ylabel('magnitude') %%% Square wave generation %%%%% t=0:0.01:1; y=square(2*pi*t) plot(t,y) % Unit Step Sequence Generation clc; n=input('Enter the no of n value'); t=0:n-1; y=ones(1,n); stem(t,y)

% Addition and subtraction of two signal n=0:19; y=[zeros(1,10),ones(1,10)]; subplot(2,2,1); stem(n,y) x=[zeros(1,5),ones(1,10),zeros(1,5)]; subplot(2,2,2); stem(n,x) z=x+y; subplot(2,2,3) stem(z) w=x-y; subplot(2,2,4) stem(n,w)

Generate the complex numbers z1 = 3+j4, z2 = 4+j 5. z1 = 3+j*4 z2 = 4+j*5

Example: Find the magnitude and phase of the complex number z = 3 + j4. z = 3+j*4 zm = abs(z); gives the magnitude of z zp = angle(z); gives the phase of z in radians Addition or subtraction of numbers (real or complex): z = z1+z2; addition z = z1z2; subtraction Multiplication or division of numbers (real or complex): z = z1*z2; multiplication z = z1/z2; division Vectors and Matrices Generate the vectors x = [1 3 5] and y = [2 0 4 5 6]. x = [1 3 5]; generates the vector of length 3 y = [2 0 4 5 6]; generates the vector of length 5 Addition or subtraction of vectors x and y of same length: z = x+y; addition z = xy; subtraction Multiplication or division of vectors x and y of same length: z = x. * y; multiplication z = x./y; division Note: The dot after x is necessary since x is a vector and not a number. Creating one-dimensional and two-dimensional vector spaces using MATLAB The command: x = linspace(x1,x2,N); generates N points between x1 and x2; and stores it in the vector x x = linspace(x1,x2,N1); generates N 1 points between x1 and x2; and stores it in the vector x y = linspace(y1,y2,N2); generates N 2 points between y1 and y2; and stores it in the vector y [X,Y] = meshgrid(x,y); generates the two dimensional meshgrid [X,Y] Programming with vectors Programs involving vectors can be written using either FOR loop or vector commands. Since MATLAB is basically a vector-based program, it is often more efficient to write programs using vector commands. However, FOR loop commands give a clearer understanding of the program, especially for the beginner: Example: Sum the following series: S = 1 + 3 + 5 + 99. FOR loop approach: S = 0.0; initializes the sum to zero >> for i = 1 : 2 : 99 S = S + i

end S; gives the value of the sum Vector approach: i =1: 2 : 99; creates the vector i S = sum (i); obtains the sum S Example: Generate the discrete-time signal y(n) = n sin( n/2) in the interval 0 n 10. FOR loop approach: for n = 1:1: 11 n1(n) = n 1 y(n) = n1(n) * sin(pi*n1(n)/2) end y; gives the vector y stem(n1,y); plots the signal y(n) vs. n with impulses Vector approach: >> n = 0 : 10; creates the vector n >> y = n.*sin(pi*n/2); obtains the vector y >> stem(n,y); plots the signal y(n) vs. n with impulses Basic Signal Operations In MATLAB Example: Define the discrete-time signal x(n) = n u(n) in a vector in the range 0 n 10 and plot the signal. Solution: >> n = 0:10; defines the vector n of length 11 >> u (1:11) = ones(1,11); defines the unit step vector u of length 11 >> x = n. *u; defines the product n u(n) >> stem(n,x); plots the discrete signal x(n)

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