Voice

Voice
ক্রিয়া প্রকাশের ভঙ্গিমাকেই voice বা বাচ্য বলে। ক্রিয়ার প্রকাশভঙ্গি বলে দেয় কর্তা কাজটি নিজে করছেন, না
কর্তার দ্বারা কোন কাজ সম্পন্ন হচ্ছে।
Types of voice:
1. Active voice
2. Passive voice
Passive Voice এ verb এর পরিবর্ত নগুলো:
Present tense
a) Present indefinite - am, is, are
b) Present Continuous - am, is, are +being
c) Present Perfect – Have/Has +been
Past tense
a) Past Indefinite- was/were
b) Past Continuous – was/were + being
c) Past Perfect – Had +been
Future tense
a) Future Indefinite – shall be/will be
b) Future Continuous – Shall be/ will be +being
c) Future Perfect- shall have/ will have +been
Modal Verbs (May, might, can, could…) + must, ought to, going to থাকলে,
Structure: O~S + may, might, can, could, must, ought to, going to + be + V.P.P. + by + S~O
Active: We are going to open a shop
Passive: A shop is going to be opened by us.
Infinitive যুক্ত active voice থাকলে,

Structure: Sub + main verb + infinitive এর পরের object (যদি থাকে) + to be + V.P.P
Active: He wants you to write a letter,
Passive: He wants a letter to be taken.
One + should যুক্ত active voice থাকলে,

Structure: O~S + should be + V.P.P.
Active: One should tell the truth.
Passive: Truth should be told.
Reflexive object (myself, ourselves, yourselves..) থাকলে,

Structure: Subject + tense ও person অনুযায়ী Auxiliary verb + v.p.p. + by + Reflexive object.
Active: He hanged himself.
Passive: He was hanged by himself.
Complex and compound sentence যুক্ত active voice এ রূপান্তবের সময় উভয় clause এর voice
পরিবর্ত ন হয়।
Active: I know that he did the work.
Passive: It is known to me that the work was done by him.
Active: He told me that he had done the work.
Passive: I was told that the work had been done by him.
Double object যুক্ত active voice থাকলে, দুইটা object এর যে কোন একটি subject করতে হয়
(personal object কে subject এ রুপান্তর করলে ভাল)
Active: I gave him a flower.
Passive: He was given a flower by me.
Sentence টি Quasi Passive হলে,

Subject + tense ও person অনুযায়ী
Auxiliary verb + v.p.p.
Active: Honey tastes sweet.
Passive: Honey is tasted sweet.
Active voice এ Need, bid, dare, make, hear

, feel, let, know, behold watch ইত্যাদি verb এর পর to উহ্য থাকে তবে passive করার সময় তাদের পরে
to বসে।
Active: He made me do the work.
Passive: I was made to do the work.
অনেক ক্ষেত্রে Active voice এর subject কে object করার সময় by ছাড়া অন্য Preposition (at, on, with)
ইত্যাদি ব্যবহৃত হয়। যেমন :
Active : He annoyed me.
Passive: I was annoyed with him.
Interrogative Sentence
Interrogative sentence(Active)
Assertive sentence(Active)
Assertive sentence(Passive)
Interrogative sentence(Passive)
Example :
Interrogative (Active): Have you eaten rice?
Assertive (Active): You have eaten rice.
Assertive (Passive) : Rice has been eaten by you.
Interrogative (Passive) : Has rice been eaten by you?
What/Whom থাকলে, What /Who বসে।

Structure: What/Who + Auxiliary+ V.P.P.+ by + S~O+?
Active: What/Whom do you want?
Passive: What/Who is wanted by you?
Who থাকলে By whom বসে।

By whom+Auxiliary +O~S+ প্রয়োজনে be being/been+ V.P.P.+?
Active: Who is calling me?
Passive: By whom+ am + I +being+ called?
Main verb দিয়ে শুরু হলে,

Structure: Let+O~S+ be+V.P.P.
Active: Do the work.
Passive: Let the work be done.
(e)Main verb + ব্যাক্তিবাচক Object (me, us, you, them, him, her) থাকলে,
Let+O~S + be+V.P.P.+for+ব্যাক্তিবাচক obj.
Active: Buy me a shirt.
Passive:-Let a shirt be bought for me.
Do not দিয়ে শুরু হলে,

Structure: Let +not+O~S+ be+V.P.P.
Active: Do not shut the door.
Passive - Let not the door be shut.
Let + ব্যাক্তিবাচক object(Me, his…) হলে,

Let+O~S+ be+V.P.P+by+O~O
Active: Let me do the work.
Passive: Let the work be done by me.
Never দিয়ে শুরু হলে,

Structure: Let +never+O~S+ be+V.P.P.
Active:-Never tell a lie
Passive:-Let never a lie be told

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Voice

Passive Voice এ verb এর পরিবর্ত নগুলো:

Infinitive যুক্ত active voice থাকলে,

One + should যুক্ত active voice থাকলে,

Reflexive object (myself, ourselves, yourselves..) থাকলে,

Sentence টি Quasi Passive হলে,

Active voice এ Need, bid, dare, make, hear

What/Whom থাকলে, What /Who বসে।

Who থাকলে By whom বসে।

Main verb দিয়ে শুরু হলে,

Do not দিয়ে শুরু হলে,

Let + ব্যাক্তিবাচক object(Me, his…) হলে,

Never দিয়ে শুরু হলে,

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