ANSWER BOOK

DRILL EXERCISES IN
MATHEMATICS

CLASS VIII

By
PRERNA GUPTA

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 PREFACE

Drill Exercises in Mathematics, Class VIII provides a plethora of

questions to students to help them sharpen their mathematical
skills and enhance understanding of the concepts. It was meant
for students to help them excel in the subject.

The Answer Book has been prepared to provide answers to

every question. The book is meant for teachers to help them in
their pedagogical endeavour. By using this book, the teachers
can explain the concepts more clearly to students and make
them interested in learning Mathematics.

Any suggestions for improvement will be highly appreciated.

— Publisher
 CONTENTS
Chp. Drill Exercise Subject Page
No. No. No.

1. 1 - 7 Rational Numbers 1-3

2. 8 - 12 Linear Equations in One Variable 4-5

3. 13 - 22 Understanding Quadrilaterals 6-8

4. 23 Practical Geometry 10

5. 24 - 32 Data Handling 13-14

6. 33 - 39 Squares and Square Roots 15-16

7. 40 - 41 Cubes and Cube Roots 17

8. 42 - 52 Comparing Quantities 17-20

9. 53 - 59 Algebraic Expressions and Identities 21-23

10. 60 - 70 Visualising Solid Shapes 23-25

11. 71 - 78 Mensuration 25-27

12. 79 - 84 Exponents and Powers 28-30

13. 85 - 88 Direct and Inverse Proportions 31-32

14. 89 - 92 Factorisation 32-34

15. 93 - 97 Introduction to Graphs 34-35

16. 98 - 102 Playing with Numbers 37-38

Miscellaneous Drill Exercises 38

 Drill Exercise – 1
p
1. (i) rational (ii) rational/ q
p a
(iii) – q (iv)
b
a
(v) (vi) rational
b
(vii) number itself (viii) number itself
(ix) ………… (x) no
(xi) 1 (xii) countless
x+y
2. (i) 0 (ii) 1 (iii) 0 (iv)
2
(v) 0 (vi) 0 (vii) 1

Drill Exercise – 2
1. (i) –2 (ii) 3 (iii) 5 (iv) 3
3 4 6 10
–1 7 3
2. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) –1
9 10 8 7
13 – 8 – 5 2
3. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
15 15 11 – 9
4. (i) 2 (ii) –3
(iii) 28
11 4 37
5. (i) 0 (ii) is (iii) is not (iv) is
(v) is not
6. (i) 0 (ii) – 11 (iii) 0 (iv) – 6 (v) 0
6 11

Drill Exercise – 3
1. (i) 9 (ii) – 15 (iii) 0 (iv) 1 (v) – 5
19 117 2 7
23 17
2. (i) (ii) (iii) 1 (iv) –2 (v) – 1 (vi) –1
8 5 6
(vii) x
3. (i) – 1 (ii) no (iii) 1, –1 (iv) 0 (v) 1 (vi) 0
9
4. (i) is not (ii) is (iii) is (iv) is

Drill Exercise – 4
– 1
1. (i) 22 (ii) 1 (iii) (iv) 1
15 6 4 10

1
 (v) 27 (vi) – 19 (vii) – 1
(viii) 9

20 35 154 7
– 210
2. (i) – 7 (ii) 7 (iii) (iv) 148
20 15 143 143
(v) – 1 (vi) – 115 (vii) 191
(viii) – 23
20 72 187 60
– 2 2 89 (iv) – 89
3. (i) (ii) (iii)
7 3 91 20
(v) – 56
99
26
4. (i) (ii) 53 (iii) – 9
(iv) 3
33 91 10 4
– 2 – 3
(v) (vi)
15 4

Drill Exercise – 5
– 8 – 8
1. (i) – 15 (ii) 21 (iii) 15 (iv) – 5
56 2
(v) – 1 (vi) – 24 (vii) – 1
(viii) 20
5 35 8 117
1 7 – 40
2. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) –1
5 15 189
(v) (vi) – 2 (vii)
9  22  2 – 1
(viii) – 3  22  2

34 195 5 440
3 – 5 – 26 – 5
3. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
2 2 15 18
(v) 3 (vi) 5 (vii) – 36
(viii) – 342
2 12 13 25
4. (i) 27 (ii) –1 (iii) 5
(iv) – 39
32 3 20
6
(v) – 1 (vi)
12 5

Drill Exercise – 6
1 1
1. (i) 5 , 7 (ii) , (iii) – 1, – 1 (iv) – 19 , – 23
16 16 8 4 2 4 30 30
3 2
(v) ,
5 5

2. (i) 3 , 2 , 1 (ii) 1 , 2 , 3 (iii) 25 , 26 , 27

20 20 20 10 10 10 40 40 40
(iv) 1 , 1 , 3 (v) 21 , 22 , 23
4 2 4 30 30 30

2
 3. (i) 0 (ii) – 1 (iii) 1, 2
4
– 1
(iv) 0, 1 (v) (vi) 1 , 1
2 4 2
(vii) 0, –2 (viii) – 1, –3

Drill Exercise – 7
(– 3 × 6) + (5 × 8) + (– 1 × 12) × (– 5 × 4)
1. =
24
–18 + 40 – 12 – 20 – 10 – 5
= = =
24 24 12

2. LHS – 9 × – 7 + 3 = – 9 × – 14 + 9 = – 9 × – 5 = 15

19 6 4 19 12 19 12 76

RHS – 9 × – 7 + – 9 × 3 = 63 – 27

19 6 19 4 114 76
126 – 81 45 15
= = =
228 228 76
∴ LHS = RHS
– 3 + 5
3. LHS 6 × = 6 × 2 = 1
5 12 12 5 12 5

RHS 6 × – 3 + 6 × 5 = – 18 + 30 = 12 = 1

5 12 5 12 60 60 60 5
2 – 3 8–9
4. LHS 3 + + =
3
+ = 3 – – 1
2 3 4 2 12 2 12
18 – 1 17
= =
12 12
– 3 9+4 – 3 – 3
RHS 3 + 2 + = + = 13 +
2 3 6 44 6 4
26 – 9
= = 17
12 12
– 40
5. – 5 = 3
= 30
6 48 2 48
∴ 10 rationals no. between them are

– 39 – 38 – 37 – 36 – 35 – 34 – 33 – 32 – 31 – 30
, , , , , , , , ,
48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 48
6. – 9 – 5 – 3
11 11 11

– 12 –1 – 10 – 9 – 8 – 7 – 6 – 5 – 4 – 3 – 2 – 1 0
11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11

3
 7. Let other no. be x
x + 7 = – 5

13 7
– 5 7 – 65 – 49

x= – = = – 114
7 13 91 91
8. Let other no. be x
– 8

x+ = – 14
9
– 126 + 8
x = – 14 + 8 =
= – 118
9 9 9

Drill Exercise – 8
– 5
1. (i) + 3 (ii) – 9 (iii) 2 (iv) (–x)

2. (i) 9 – 15 (ii) – 1 + 3 (iii) 15 – 9 (iv) – 1

4 2 2
3. (i) 18 (ii) 125 ÷ 5 (iii) 18 × 6 (iv) 125 × 15
6
35
4. (i) = 5 (ii) 20 = 4 (iii) 1 (iv) 15
7 5 2 4

Drill Exercise – 9
1. (i) 9 (ii) 7 (iii) 8 (iv) 1 (v) 36 (vi) 75
(vii) 27 (viii) 16 (ix) 9 (x) 50
3
2. (i) 1 (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) 4 (vi) 5
4 1 3
11 5 2 9 3
– 1
(vii) –6 (viii) 2 (ix) 10 (x) 49
3

Drill Exercise – 10
1. (i) x – 8 (ii) x – 4 (iii) x + 20
(iv) x – 5 (v) x + 7 (vi) x – 3
2. (i) x + 11 (ii) x + 2
(iii) x + 2 (iv) x + 1
(v) x + 1 (vi) 25 – x
(vii) x + (x + 1) = 72 (viii) 27 + x

Drill Exercise – 11
1. (i) x + (x + 10) = 74 (ii) x + (x + 1) = 21

4
 (iii) 3x + 15 (iv) 3(x – 5) + 5
(v) 10(9 – x) + x (vi) 10x + (3 + x)
(vii) 22 – x
2. (i) 74 – x (ii) 11 + x
(iii) 50 – x (iv) x(x + 15) = 95 ⇒ x = 45
(v) 5x = 3x + 18 ⇒ x = 9 (vi) x + (x + 8) = 200 ⇒ x = 96
(vii) 3x + 3 + x = 31 ⇒ x = 28 = 7
4
(viii) 8x = 7x + 3 ⇒ x = 3 (ix) x + 9

Drill Exercise – 12
1. Let one number be 2x and other number be 5x
5x – 2x = 80
3x = 80 ⇒ 80
3
160
2x = , 3x = 400
3 3
2. Rahul’s age be x
Ratan’s age be x + 24
x + (x + 24) = 66 ⇒ x = (66 – 24)/2
⇒ 42/2 = x ⇒ x = 21
Rahul’s age after 5 years = 21 + 5 = 26
Ratan’s age after 5 years = 50
3. Let 1 digit be x and 2nd digit be (x + 3)
10(x + 3) + x + 10x + (x + 3) = 165
10x + 30 + x + 10x + x + 3 = 165
22x + 33 = 165 ⇒ 22x = 132
x = 6
x–3 2(6x + 1) 6
4. = 6
+
6 6
x – 3 = 12x + 2 + 6
11x = –11
x = –1
6x – 3 (x – 1) 6 – 2 (x – 2)
5. 6
+ 6
⇒ 3x + 3 = 6 – 2x + 4

⇒x= 7
⇒ 5x = 7

5

5
 6. Let Rahul’s age be 4x
Let Nidhi’s age be 5x
8 years from now
4x + 8
= 5 ⇒ 24x + 48 = 25x + 40
5x + 8 6
⇒ x = 8
7. Let numerator be x and denominator (x + 8)
x + 17 x + 17
= 9 ⇒ = 9
x+8–1 4 x+7 4
4(x + 17) = 9(x + 7)
⇒ 4x + 68 = 9x + 63 ⇒ 5x = 5 ⇒ x = 1
8. Cross multiplying
5(3x + 4) = (–2)(2 – 6x)
⇒ 15x + 20 = – 4 + 12x
⇒ 3x = – 24
⇒ x = – 8

Drill Exercise – 13
1. (i) curve, line (ii) Diagonal (iii) 180°
(iv) Trapezium (v) isoscles (vi) rhombus
(vii) adjacent (viii) diagonals (ix) perpendicular
(x) diagonals
2. (i) concave (ii) convex
(iii) is (iv) is not
3. (i) Hexagon (ii) eight
(iii) seven (iv) six
(v) non-consecutive (vi) sides
(vii) supplementary (viii) quadrilateral
(ix) pentagon
4. (i) (a) 3 (b) 180° (ii) (a) 4 (b) 360°
(iii) (a) 5 (b) 540° (iv) (a) 6 (b) 720°

Drill Exercise – 14
1. (i) regular (ii) regular (iii) regular (iv) regular
(v) 360° (vi) 540° (vii) 720° (viii) 360°
(ix) 1080°

6
 2. (i) (n – 2) × 180° (ii) …………
(iii) 720° (iv) 45°
(v) 135° (vi) hexagon
(vii) nonagon

Drill Exercise – 15
1. (i) rectangle, square (ii) square, rhombus
(iii) rhombus (iv) parallelogram
2. (i) square (ii) rhombus (iii) true (iv) true
(v) false
3. (i) 360° (ii) true (iii) Square
(iv) non-parallel (v) 36° (vi) 24°
(vii) 40° (viii) 18°

Drill Exercise – 16
1. (i) 360° (ii) 360° (iii) 30° (iv) 270° (v) 140°
2. (i) equal (ii) 42 (iii) 54 (iv) 6
(v) 70°, 110°, 70° (vi) ……………

Drill Exercise – 17
1. (i) 4 (ii) 110°
(iii) 55°, 125°, 125° (iv) 135°, 45°, 135°
(v) 100°, 80°, 80°
2. (i) 72°, 72°, 108°, 108° (ii) 80°, 100°, 80°, 100°
(iii) 50°, 130° (iv) 80°, 100°, 80°, 100°
(v) 85°, 95°, 85°, 95° (vi) 36, 72°, 108°, 144°
(vii) 75°, 105°, 75°, 105°

Drill Exercise – 18
1. (i) 18°, 54°, 126°, 162° (ii) 45°, 75°, 105°, 135°
(iii) 165° (iv) 30°, 30°
(v) 144°, 180° (vi) 100°, 60°
(vii) 72°, 108°
2. (i) 120° (ii) 95°
(iii) 85° (iv) 105°
(v) 30°, 60°, 30°, 150°, 120° (vi) 80°, 80°

7
 Drill Exercise – 19
1. (i) 8, 6 (ii) 11, 3 (iii) 84°, 96°
(iv) 84°, 96° (v) 60°, 120°
2. (i) 100°, 100° (ii) 105°, 105°
(iii) 13.5, 18, 13.5, 18 (iv) 15, 15, 22.5, 22.5
(v) 8, 4, 8, 4 (vi) 32.5, 37.5, 32.5, 37.5
Drill Exercise – 20
1. (i) 35°, 145°, 35° (ii) 90°, 90°, 90°, 90°
(iii) 6 (iv) 60°
(v) 50°
2. (i) true (ii) true (iii) true (iv) true
(v) false (vi) false (vii) true (viii) false
Drill Exercise – 21
1. (i) unequal (ii) square (iii) trapezium (iv) square
(v) rectangle (vi) kite (vii) rhombus
2. (i) true (ii) false (iii) false (iv) false
(v) true (vi) true (vii) true
3. (i) 60° (ii) diagonal (iii) rhombus (iv) square
Drill Exercise – 22
360
1. Number of sides = = 360 = 8
measure of ext. angle 45
2. For a regular polygon
Measure of each angle = (n – 2) × 180
n
(n – 2) × 180
165° =
n
n = 24
A B
3. Let ABCD be a ||gm
AB || CD & BC || AD
AD is a transversal to AB & CD
For || lines and transversal interior D C
angles on same side of transversal are supplementary
∴ ∠A + ∠D = 180°
4. Adjacent angles are supplementary. If ABCD is a ||gm
∠A + ∠B = 180°
But ∠A = ∠B ⇒ ∠A = ∠B = 180 = 90°
2
Similarly ∠C = ∠D = 90°

8
 5. Let one angle be 7x and other 11x
7x + 11x = 180°
18x = 180°
x = 10°
∴ 7x = 70°, 11x = 110°
6. Let ABCD be a rhombus D C
∴ AB = BC = CD = AD
In ΔAOD and ΔDOC
OD = OD (common) O
AD = DC (adjacent sides of
rhombus are =) A B
∠DAO = ∠DCO (angles opp. to equal sides are equal)
⇒ ΔAOD ≅ ΔDOC (SAS)
⇒ ∠DOA = ∠DOC
Now, ∠DOA + ∠DOC = 180° (Linear angle)
but ∠DOA = ∠DOC
⇒ 2∠DOA = 180°
⇒ ∠DOA = 90°
⇒ ∠DOC = 90°
⇒ ∠AOB = 90°
⇒ ∠BOC = 90°
∴ Diagonals of a rhombus are perpendicular bisectors of one
another. D C
7. Let ABCD be a rectangle. BD and ACD
are its diagonals
In ΔADB and ΔADC
AD = AD (common)
∠A = ∠D (90°) A B
AB = CD (opposite sides of rectangle are equal)
∴ ΔADB ≅ ΔADC (SAS)
⇒ BD = AC
∴ Diagonals of rectangle are equal in length.
8. Let ABCD be a ||gm with DB and AC D C
as diagonals intersecting at O
In ΔADB and ΔADC
AB = DC (Opposite sides O
of ||gm are
equal) A B

∠AOB = ∠DOC (vertically opposite angle)

∠OBA = ∠ODC (alternate angles)

9
 ∴ ΔAOB ≅ ΔDOC (ASA)
⇒ BO = OD
AO = OC
⇒ Diagonals BD and AC of ||gm ABCD bisect each other
at O.

Drill Exercise – 23
B
1.

6
cm
m
4c

A C
7 cm

5.5
cm
cm
5

B D
2.

5.
5
cm
cm
5
4.

A C
7 cm

6 4 cm
cm

10
 3. P
Q

cm
5.5

4 cm
cm

5.5
7

cm

S 5 cm R

4. D 4.5 cm C

cm
3 cm

3 cm

A 4.5 cm B

Q
5.
6.5 cm

5.6 cm
P R

11
 6. D C

85°

6 cm
85°

A 5 cm B

7. S 7 cm R
5 cm

5 cm

P 7 cm Q

8. S

P
4.5 cm
m
4c

60° 90°
Q 5 cm R

12
 9.

Drill Exercise – 24
1. (i) height (ii) pictograph
(iii) frequency (iv) histograph
2. (i) data (ii) frequency
(iii) difference (iv) double bar graph
3. (i) outcomes (ii) Probability
(iii) 1 (iv) total number of outcomes
4. (i) never happen (ii) certainly happen
(iii) 1 (iv) 0
(v) independant

Drill Exercise – 25
1. (i) 20 (ii) is not (iii) is (iv) 10
(v) 40–50
2. (i) 10 (ii) 10 (iii) 10 (iv) interval
3. (i) histogram (ii) height (iii) histogram
(iv) height (v) range (vi) class interval

Drill Exercise – 26
1. , 4; , 5; , 5
2. , 6; , 6; , 7; , 3
3. , 4; , 3; , 4; , 5; , 1; , 1; , 2
4. , 3; , 4; , 4; , 4; , 6; , 4

Drill Exercise – 27
1. (i) 5–6 (ii) 32 (iii) 4 (iv) 20 (v) 7–8 (vi) 0
(vii) 3 hrs.
2. (i) 17 (ii) 4 (iii) 3 (iv) 8 (v) 3 (vi) 21

Drill Exercise – 28
1. (i) 1 : 6 (ii) 1 : 4 (iii) 1 : 3 (iv) 1 : 12 (v) 1 : 6

13
 2. (i) 3 (ii) 1 (iii) 1
10 2 5
3. (i) 41.66% (ii) 25% (iii) 33.33%

4. (i) 2 (ii) 1 (iii) 3 (iv) 1

5 5 10 10

Drill Exercise – 29
1. (i) 4000 (ii) 5000 (iii) 6000 (iv) 3000
2. (i) 4166.67 (ii) 33333.33 (iii) 37500
(iv) 50,000 (v) 25,000
3. (i) 6 (ii) 8 (iii) 3 (iv) 3 (v) 4
4. (i) 100 (ii) 333 (iii) 267 (iv) 200 (v) 300

Drill Exercise – 30
1. (i) 6 (ii) observations (iii) impossible
(iv) sure (v) 2
2. (i) 1 (ii) 0 (iii) 1 (iv) 1 (v) 1
2 2
1
3. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) 1 (v) 1 (vi) 1
1 1
6 6 6 6 6 6
(vii) 0

Drill Exercise – 31
1. (i) 1 (ii) 1 (iii) 1 (iv) 1 (v) 1 (vi) 1
2 2 2 2 2 2
2. (i) 6 (ii) 1 (iii) 2 (iv) 1
3. (i) 6 (ii) 2 (iii) 1 (iv) 0

Drill Exercise – 32
1. (i) 1 (ii) 1 (iii) 1 (iv) 0
2 2
2. (i) 0 (ii) 1 (iii) 1 (iv) 2
2 2 3
3. (i) (ii) 2 (iii)
3 1 (iv) 1
5 5 3 2
4. (i) 1 (ii) more (iii) 1
2

14
 Drill Exercise – 33
1. (i) perfect (ii) n2 (iii) even
(iv) triplets (v) odd (vi) 2n
n
(vii) square root (viii) (ix) (n + 1)
2 2
(x) 8
2. (i) m (ii) n2 (iii) 2n (iv) odd (v) even
(vi) a2 + b2 = c2 (vii) n (viii) n + 1
2 2

Drill Exercise – 34
1. (i) odd (ii) (a) 1 (b) 4 (c) 9 (d) 16 (e) 25
(f) 36 (g) 49 (h) 64 (i) 81 (j) 100
(iii) 6 (iv) 5
2. (i) 400 (ii) 250000 (iii) 490000
(iv) 36000000 (v) 81000000
3. (i) is not (ii) is not (iii) is not
(iv) is not (v) is
4. (i) 2 (ii) 2 (iii) 7 (iv) 7 (v) 3 (vi) 58
(vii) 1

Drill Exercise – 35
1. (i) 4 (ii) …… (iii) 8 (iv) 2
2. (i) 2, 3 2 2
(ii) 2 , 3 (iii) 6 (iv) 22, 32
3. (i) 4 (ii) 32, 42 (iii) 18
4. (i) 8 (ii) 4 (iii) 200 (iv) 180
5. (i) 3 (ii) 5 (iii) 7 (iv) 52 = 1
(v) 3
6. (i) is (ii) is (iii) is (iv) is not

Drill Exercise – 36
1. (i) 29 (ii) 30 (iii) 32 (iv) 48
2. (i) 180, 181 (ii) 420, 421 (iii) 144, 145 (iv) 112, 113
(v) 220, 221 (vi) 264, 265
3. (i) 25 (ii) 49 (iii) 100 (iv) 144
(v) 169 (vi) 196 (vii) 256

15
 4. (i) (a) 9 (b) 1 (c) 1 (d) 1 (e) 4 (f) 6 (g) 0 (h) 4 (i) 6 (j) 9
(ii) 7 (iii) 11 (iv) 9 (v) 12 (vi) 16
(vii) 10 (viii) 20 (ix) 225 (x) 324
5. (i) 4, 5 (ii) 12, 13 (iii) 24, 25 (iv) 40, 41
(v) 60, 61 (vi) 84, 85 (vii) 112, 113

Drill Exercise – 37
1. (v) 5, 6, 30, 31 (vi) 6, 7, 42, 43
2. (i) 13, 12 (ii) 25, 24 (iii) 11, 10 (iv) 48, 47
(v) 50, 49
3. (i) 123454321, 12345654321
(ii) 100020001, 10000200001
4. (i) (a) 100, 20, 4, 4 (b) 100, 20, 5, 5 (c) 100, 20, 9, 9
(d) 100, 20, 7, 7
(ii) (a) 400, 40, –1, –1 (b) 400, 40, 9, 9 (c) 400, 40, 4, 4
(d) 400, 40, 8, 8
(iii) (a) (5 × 6) (b) 15 × 16 (c) 6 × 7 (d) 16 × 17 (e) 17 × 18
(f) 9 × 10

Drill Exercise – 38
1. (i) 4, 3, 5 (ii) 6, 8, 10
(iii) 8, 15, 17 (iv) 10, 24, 26
(v) 12, 35, 37 (vi) 14, 48, 50
(vii) 20, 99, 101 (viii) 40, 399, 401
2. (i) 21 (ii) 12 (iii) 15 (iv) 25 (v) 18
3. (i) 16 (ii) 80 (iii) 84 (iv) 56 (v) 22 (vi) 91
(vii) 101
4. (i) (a) 2 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 2 (e) 2 (f) 2 (g) 3 (h) 4
(ii) 9, –9 (iii) 16 (iv) 36
(v) 10, –10 (vi) 25, –25 (vii) 441

Drill Exercise – 39
1. 2352 = 16 × 49 × 3
Multiply by 3
2352 × 3 = 7056 = (84)2
2. 2601 = 51
∴ There are 51 students

16
 3. Least square no. = 4 × 9 × 10 × 10
= 3600
4. 4096 = 4 × 4 × 4 × 4 × 4 × 4
= 64
5. 5607 = 74.8
Hence reqd no. = (74)2 = 5476
No. to be subtracted = 5607 – 5476 = 131
6. Side of square plot = 2304
= 48 m
7. AB = (13)2 – (5)2 = 144
= 12
8. Greatest 5 digit no. = 99999
99999 = 316.22
∴ Greatest 5 digit no. = (316)2

= 99856

Drill Exercise – 40
1. (i) 1, 8, 27, 64, 125 (ii) even
(iii) odd (iv) 10
2. (i) is not (ii) odd (iii) even
(iv) is not a (v) is (vi) is not a
3. (i) is (ii) is (iii) is not (iv) is
4. (i) is a (ii) is not (iii) is not (iv) is
(v) is (vi) is not (vii) is

Drill Exercise – 41
1. (i) 2 (ii) 27 (iii) 5 (iv) 64
2. (i) 1 (ii) 3 (iii) 125 (iv) 6
(v) 9 (vi) 512
3. (i) 6 (ii) 8 (iii) 343 (iv) 10
4. (i) perfect (ii) 2 (iii) 4
5. (i) is not (ii) is (iii) is
6. (i) 5 (ii) 7 (iii) 4 (iv) 3
7 5

17
 Drill Exercise – 42
1. (i) simplest (ii) no (iii) percent
(iv) a (v) ……… (vi) cost price
100
(vii) proportion (viii) cost (ix) selling
(x) Profit (xi) Loss
2. (i) a : b (ii) antecedant (iii) consequent
(iv) 9 : 16 (v) 2 : 15 (vi) 1 : 16
(vii) 16 : 1 (viii) 2 : 5

Drill Exercise – 43
1. (i) 1 is to 4 (ii) 2 : 5 (iii) 6 (iv) 3
13 5
2. (i) 20 (ii) 18 (iii) 18 (iv) 10 (v) 100 (vi) 400
(vii) 64 paisa (viii) 10 (ix) 2 kg (x) 100
3. (i) 1 : 4000 (ii) 1 : 30 (iii) 1 : 3 (iv) 1 : 100
4. (i) 75 (ii) 66 (iii) 20 (iv) 300
5. (i) 80 (ii) 25 (iii) 60 (iv) 62 1
2
Drill Exercise – 44
1. (i) 12 kg (ii) ` 17 (iii) 25.48 ltr
(iv) ` 63 (v) ` 81.25
2. (i) 12.5 (ii) 25 (iii) 66.66 (iv) 0.25 (v) 8.5
3. (i) 6.67 (ii) 28 (iii) 0.6 (iv) 16.67 (v) 0.4 (vi) 36
(vii) 13 (viii) 70
4. (i) 2.5 (ii) 8 (iii) 12.5 (iv) 0.5
5. (i) ` 150 (ii) 3 litre (iii) ` 333
(iv) 3.025 kg (v) 16.08 mtr (vi) 8
(vii) 12.50 paise (viii) 18 (ix) 325

Drill Exercise – 45
1. (i) 75 (ii) 1200 (iii) 600
(iv) 72 (v) 3025 (vi) 200
(vii) 32 (viii) 6 (ix) 320
2. (i) 99 (ii) 243 (iii) 72 (iv) 201
3. (i) 714 (ii) 264 (iii) 660
(iv) 140.625 (v) 981
4. (i) 60 (ii) 50 (iii) 12 (iv) 20 (v) 10

18
 Drill Exercise – 46
1. (i) 15 (ii) 20 (iii) 6.67 (iv) 10 (v) 3.2
2. (i) ` 960 (ii) ` 891 (iii) ` 1683 (iv) 1083.6
3. (i) 11.1 (ii) 4 16 (iii) 17 (iv) 10
21
4. (i) ` 500 (ii) ` 1000 (iii) ` 1100
(iv) Options [` 12/ ` 9] Ans. ` 12

Drill Exercise – 47
1. (i) ` 472.50 (ii) ` 161.25 (iii) ` 124.80 (iv) ` 10972.50
2. (i) ` 3000 (ii) ` 200 (iii) ` 500 (iv) ` 500
3. (i) 18.75 (ii) 15 (iii) ` 120 (iv) 135
(v) ` 73.86 (vi) 38 (vii) 650 (viii) 537.5
(ix) ` 1600 (x) ` 1400

Drill Exercise – 48
1. (i) ` 198 (ii) ` 993.60 (iii) 10 (iv) 4  6
11
(v) 4 16
21
2. (i) ` 550 (ii) ` 10640 (iii) ` 800 (iv) 5%
(v) ` 700 (vi) ` 1200 (vii) ` 1500

Drill Exercise – 49
1. (i) ` 160 (ii) ` 320 (iii) ` 225
(iv) ` 370 (v) ` 9225
2. (i) ` 5807.5 (ii) ` 18000 (iii) ` 29500
(iv) ` 57416.40
3. (i) principal (ii) period (iii) interest (iv) amount
4. (i) P × R × T (ii) conversion period
100 n
(iii) Interest (iv) P 1 + R
100

Drill Exercise – 50
1. (i) same (ii) different (iii) halved
(iv) doubled (v) conversion (vi) one fourth
2. (i) 4 (ii) 3% (iii) 6 (iv) 4 (v) 3% (vi) 4

19
 Drill Exercise – 51
1. (i) ` 100 (ii) ` 1600 (iii) ` 618
(iv) ` 1392
2. (i) ` 19.40 (ii) ` 26.82 (iii) ` 1612.22
(iv) ` 2910.78 (v) ` 257.48 (vi) ` 734.50
3. (i) 106.09 (ii) ` 8511.11 (iii) ` 11915.96
(iv) ` 11966.95 (v) ` 12935.94 (vi) ` 25327
(vii) ` 47945.38

Drill Exercise – 52
1. P = ` 54000, R = 9.5%, T = 2 years ∴n=2×1=2
R n 2
Amount = P  1 + = 54000 × 1 + 9.5
100 100
= 54000 × (1.095)2
= 64747.35
CI = 64747.35 – 54000 = ` 10747.35
2. P = ` 9000, R = 1/2 = 0.5%, T = 1 1 years ∴n=3
2
n 3
Amount = P  1 + R = (9000) 1 + 0.5
100 100
= ` 9135.670
He will get ` 9135.67 after 1.5 years
3. P = ` 18900, R1 = 12%, R2 = 10%, T = 3 years
P × R1 × T 18900 × 12 × 3
SI = = = ` 6804
100 100
R 3 3
Compound = P  1 + 2 = 18900 × 1 + 10
100 100
amount
= 25155.9
CI = 25155.9 – 18900 = ` 6255.9
Mona pays less than John
4. Count of bacteria after 3 hrs.
3
= 204000 1 + 2.5
100
= 219685
5. Population in 2008
5
= 25000 1 + 5
100
= 31907

20
 6. Price after 1st year = 115% of 42000
= ` 48300
Price after 2nd year = 90% of 48300
= ` 43470

Drill Exercise – 53
1. (i) Expressions (ii) coefficient (iii) polynomial
(iv) variable (v) constant
2. (i) monomial (ii) 2 (iii) 3
(iv) like (v) equality
3. (i) x + y + 2xy (ii) x2 – y2
2 2

(iii) x2 + ax + bx + ab (iv) (x – y)2

4. (i) 7x (ii) –3pq (iii) – 4 (iv) by
5. (i) 6y (ii) –15xy (iii) 0.6ax (iv) negative

Drill Exercise – 54
1. (i) variable (ii) monomial (iii) binomial (iv) trinomial
2. (i) unlike (ii) like (iii) unlike (iv) like
(v) like
3. (i) 6 (ii) – 4 (iii) – 2 (iv) 4 (v) 6 (vi) 69
4. (i) 2 (ii) 7 (iii) – 34 (iv) – 11 (v) – 1

Drill Exercise – 55
1. (i) 6xy2 + 2 (ii) 6x + 4y – 3z
(iii) 6x2 – 2xy – 8y2 (iv) 2x2 + 4x – 11
(v) 2xy – 12yz – 4zx
2. (i) 5x – 7y – 9z (ii) –2x2 – x + 22
(iii) –3xy – 5zy – 16zx (iv) 0
3. (i) 17x (ii) 9ab (iii) –9z2 (iv) –2x2 + 2y2
4. (i) –2x – 14y + 6z (ii) 2x + 14y + 2z
(iii) 2b2 – 2a2 (iv) 5x2 + xy – 4y2 – 2z
(v) 2x2 + 13x – 1
5. (i) –2x2 + 16y (ii) a3 – 3a2 – 2a + 6
2 2
(iii) 8a + b – 4ab – 1 (iv) –a2 + 4b2 – ab

21
 Drill Exercise – 56
1. (i) 0 (ii) ab + bc + ac (iii) –2n2
(iv) lm + mn (v) –6p2q2 (vi) 2bc + 2ab + 2ca
(vii) 2a + 2b + 2c – 2ab – bc
2. (i) ab + 2a + 5b + 10 (ii) xy + 3y + x + 3
(iii) pq + 2q + 5p + 10 (iv) lm + 4m + 3l + 12
3. (i) xy – 4y – 2x + 8 (ii) ab – 5b – 3a + 15
(iii) xy – 2y – 7x + 14 (iv) lm – m – 3l + 3
4. (i) 15x2 + 10x (ii) 4x2 – 6x
2
(iii) 20x – 8x (iv) 18m2 + 12m
5. (i) 2pl + 4pm – 12pn (ii) 15xy – 10y2 + 5y
(iii) 3x2 – 18x3 – 9x (iv) 6x2y – 18xy + 12y

Drill Exercise – 57
1. (i) xy – 2y + x – 2 (ii) 8x2 – 9 + 6x
(iii) ln + 3mn + 5l + 15m
(iv) 12p2qr – 24pr2 + 4pq2 – 8qr
2. (i) a3 + 9a2 – 9a – 35 (ii) a2 – b2 + ac + bc
(iii) a3 – 2a2 – 16a – 3
(iv) 3x2 – 11x2 + 11x – 15
3. (i) m2n + mn2 + mn + 2m2 – 2m
(ii) a6 + 2a5 + 4a4 + 5a3 + 4a2 + 4a
(iii) x6 + 4x4 – x3 + 4x2 – 2x
(iv) 5l5 + 5l4 – 10l3 – 25l2 + 30l
(v) l4m4 + 4m3l2 – l3m2 – 4lm
4. (i) x2 + 4x + 4 (ii) 4x2 + 4x + 1
(iii) l + 4m + 4lm (iv) 4x2 + y2 + 4xy
2 2

(v) x2 + 4p4 + 4xp2 (vi) 49l2 + 16m2 + 56lm

(vii) p2 + 9q2 + 6pq (viii) 100x2 + y2 + 20xy
5. (i) x2 + 1 – 2x (ii) 4x2 + 25 – 20x
2 2
(iii) x + 4y – 4xy (iv) 4l2 + 9m2 – 12lm
(v) 9y + 36 + 36y (vi) 1 + 100m2 – 20m
2

(vii) 1 + 100m2 – 20m (viii) 25l2 + 9m2 + 30lm

Drill Exercise – 58
1. (i) 280 (ii) 70 (iii) 52 (iv) 41
2. (i) 564 (ii) 117 (iii) 224

22
 (iv) 465 (v) 196 (vi) 320
(vii) 1825 (viii) 65
3. (i) x2 – 4 (ii) 4x2 – 1 (iii) 9 – 16l2
(iv) 9x2 – 4y2 (v) 25p2 – 64q2 (vi) 16x2 – 1 y2
4
(vii) 1 – 100x2 (viii) 100p2 – r2
4. (i) x2 + 4x + 3 (ii) 4x2 + 14x + 12
2
(iii) 9p + 5 + 18p (iv) x2 + 21 + 10x
(v) 16x + 5 – 24x (vi) 16x2 – 5 + 16x
2

(vii) 16x2 – 5 – 16x (viii) 4x2 + 15y2 + 16xy

(ix) 1 x2 – 2 + 1 x
4 2

Drill Exercise – 59
1. (i) 10506 (ii) 9894 (iii) 98.98
(iv) 66.42 (v) 9506 (vi) 26.52
(vii) 10712
2. (i) 9999 (ii) 9996 (iii) 2499
(iv) 200 (v) 1800 (vi) 4
(vii) 8 (viii) 0.16 (ix) 0.04
(x) 19.8
3. (i) 9801 (ii) 10201 (iii) 8281
(iv) 10404 (v) 996004 (vi) 89991
(vii) 9996 (viii) 99.75
4. (i) 48xy (ii) 9 x2 – 4 y2 (iii) 9p2 + 49
4 9
(iv) 81x2 + 25y2 (v) –224pq (vi) 20x
(vii) a2b2 + b2c2 (viii) 0 (ix) 0

Drill Exercise – 60
1. (i) polygons (ii) line segments (iii) points
(iv) convex (v) same (vi) 6
(vii) regular
2. (i) triangles (ii) parallelograms (iii) 2
(iv) base (v) base (vi) base

Drill Exercise – 61
1. (i) e (ii) 6 (iii) 30 (iv) 8 (v) 16 (vi) 5
(vii) 5

23
 2. (i) 6 (ii) 8 (iii) 26 (iv) 30 (v) 9 (vi) 8
(vii) 6 (viii) 5

Drill Exercise – 62
1. (i) 5, 5, 8 (ii) 6, 8, 12 (iii) 4, 4, 6
(iv) 6, 12, 8 (v) 9, 5, 6 (vi) 7, 10, 15
2. (i) prism (ii) pyramid (iii) any number of
(iv) icosahedron (v) hexahedron (vi) triangular
(vii) base

Drill Exercise – 63
1. (i) prism (ii) pyramid (iii) pyramid
(iv) prism (v) prism (vi) f + v = e + 2
2. (i) faces (ii) two (iii) vertex
(iv) pyramid (v) regular (vi) triangular
(vii) no. of faces (viii) 4 (ix) 4

Drill Exercise – 64
1. (i) 2-dimensional, Triangle (ii) 3-dimensional, Cylinder
(iii) 3-dimensional, Cone (iv) 2-dimensional, Square
(v) 3-dimensional, Cube (vi) 3-dimensional, Sphere
(vii) 3-dimensional, Cuboid

Drill Exercise – 65
1. (i) (a) front (b) top (c) side
(ii) (a) front (b) top (c) side
(iii) (a) side (b) front (c) top
(iv) (a) top (b) side (c) front
(v) (a) side (b) front (c) top

Drill Exercise – 66
1. (i) (a) top (b) front (c) back (d) side
2. (i) (a) left side
(ii) (a) front (b) top

Drill Exercise – 67
1. (i) (a) (ii) (b) (iii) cylinder

24
 2. (i) surface area (ii) 4
(iii) cross section (iv) circles
(v) rectangles (vi) square

Drill Exercise – 68
1. (i) circles (ii) parallel (iii) perpendicular
(iv) sphere (v) cuboid (vi) square
2. (i) triangular (ii) rectangular (iii) hexagonal
(iv) hexagonal (v) triangular

Drill Exercise – 69
1. (i) one (ii) four (iii) five (iv) one
(v) three (vi) two
2. (i) three (ii) four (iii) five (iv) six
3. (i) one (ii) two (iii) no (iv) infinite
(v) two

Drill Exercise – 70
1. (i) rotational (ii) fixed
(iii) rotation (iv) 360°
(v) 180° (vi) quarter
(vii) rotational (viii) circle
2. (i) circle (ii) 360° (iii) sides (iv) line
(v) 9 (vi) infinite (vii) four (viii) seven
(ix) six (x) three

Drill Exercise – 71
1. (i) 1 (ii) 1000000 (iii) 100
(iv) 1000 (v) 1 (vi) 1000
2. (i) breadth (ii) height (iii) diagonals
(iv) πr2 (v) sum of parallel sides
3. (i) 2πrh (ii) 2h(l + b) (iii) 2πr(r + h)
(iv) l × b × h (v) 2(hl + bh + lb) (vi) 3
(vii) πr2h (viii) cubical

25
 Drill Exercise – 72
1. (i) 1000 (ii) 1000000 (iii) 1000000 (iv) 10000
2. (i) 44 (ii) 35 (iii) 64 (iv) 36
3. (i) 40 (ii) 100 (iii) 144 (iv) 77
(v) 50 (vi) 300

Drill Exercise – 73
1. (i) 48 (ii) 62 (iii) 51 (iv) 42 (v) 35
2. (i) 46.26 (ii) 56 (iii) 54 (iv) 76 (v) 40

Drill Exercise – 74
1. (i) 480 (ii) 195 (iii) 180 (iv) 54 (v) 49 (vi) 300
2. (i) 8 (ii) 15 (iii) 10 (iv) 8 (v) 5.44 (vi) 30
(vii) 25 (viii) 25 (ix) 15

Drill Exercise – 75
1. (i) 20 (ii) 57 (iii) 60 (iv) 70
2. (i) 240 (ii) 16 (iii) 24 (iv) 45 (v) 24 (vi) 18
(vii) 12 (viii) 144

Drill Exercise – 76
1. (i) 2(l + b) (ii) 2 × area of base
(iii) 1300 (iv) 6
(v) 4 (vi) 73.5
(vii) 384 (viii) 2(lb + bh + lh)
2. (i) 400 (ii) 256 (iii) 40 (iv) 112
3. (i) 80 (ii) 114 (iii) 112 (iv) 512
(v) 352, 384 (vi) 10

Drill Exercise – 77
1. (i) 11 (ii) 25 (iii) 360 (iv) Volume
(v) 90000 (vi) 480 (vii) 333 (viii) 72000
2. (i) πr2 (ii) 1540 (iii) 432 (iv) 2.4
(v) 1257.14 (vi) 100 (vii) 1848 (viii) 6468

26
 Drill Exercise – 78
1. Length of shaded area = 35 – 2 × 3
= 29
Breadth of shaded region = 15 – 2 × 3
= 9
Area = 29 × 9 = 261 m2
2. Area = 1 × (h1 + h2) × b
2

= 1 × (10 + 14) × 32
2
= 384 m2
3. Area of rhombus = 6 × 4 = 24 cm2
Area
Length of other diagonal =
1
× length of diagonal
2
24
=
1
×8
2
= 6 cm
4. Area of 4 walls = 2h(l + b) = 2 × 4 (15 + 10)
= 8 × 25 = 200 m2
500
Cost of painting = × 200 = ` 1000
100

5. Radius = Circumference = 42 cm
2π
Volume = πr2h
600
h = = 0.11 cm
π × (42)2

6. Area of sheet reqd. = 2πr(h + r)

= 2 × 3.14 × 1.5 × (1.5 + 0.3)
= 16.956 m2

7. Volume of earth = πr2h = 22 × 3.5 × 3.5 × 20

7
= 770 m3
770
Height of platform = =5m
14 × 11

27
 Drill Exercise – 79
m
1. (i) a (ii) an (iii) am – n (iv) am
b
1 (p – q) m
2. (i) m (ii) a (iii) (ab)
a
3. (i) 1 (ii) 10 (iii) 100 (iv) 1000
(v) 0.1 (vi) 0.01 (vii) 0.001
4. (i) 1 (ii) 1 (iii) 5–4 (iv) 54
5. (i) 5 (ii) 5 (iii) 5–3 (iv) 52
3

(v) 5 –2

Drill Exercise – 80
1. (i) 1 (ii) –1 (iii) –1 (iv) 1
2. (i) 1 (ii) 100 (iii) 1 (iv) –100
100
3. (i) 1 3 (ii) 1 4 (iii) 1 (iv) 1
10 10 72
(v) 14 (vi) 1 (vii) 1 (viii) 1
5 43 95 22
(ix) 1 6 (x) 1 (xi) 1 (xii) 1
12 44 89 75
(xiii) 1 (xiv) 1 (xv) 1 (xvi) 1
6 133 152 104

4. (i) 1 (ii) 1 (iii) 1 (iv) 1

8 9 9 8
(v) 32 (vi) 1
16
5. (i) 2–6 (ii) 2–3 (iii) (3)–6 (iv) 5–2
(v) 7–3 (vi) 6–2

Drill Exercise – 81
1. (i) 1 (ii) 1 (iii) 4 (iv) 27 (v) 16
8 9
2. (i) 1 (ii) – 1 (iii) 8 (iv) –32 (v) 16
4 8
3. (i) 4 (ii) 27 (iii) – 32 (iv) – 27 (v) 125
9 64 243 125 8
4. (i) 1 (ii) 1296 (iii) 1
729 4096

28
 (iv) 531441 (v) 9 (vi) 32
256 125
(vii) 1 (viii) 117649 (ix) 1
768
(x) 1000000 (xi) 40000 (xii) –1
432
(xiii) –8000000

Drill Exercise – 82
–2
1. (i) 21 (ii) (–10) (iii) 1 (iv) (6)–1
3
(v) (–4)1
– 6 0
2. (i) (5)0 (ii) (–3)3 (iii) 1 (iv) – 2
4 3
– 3 1
(v)
4
– 3 – 6 – 8 – 10 – 15
– 5 16
3. (i) (ii) (iii) – 1 (iv)
2 11 100 7
– 3 –15
(v)
4
6 – 15
3 6 – 2 1
– 1
4. (i) (ii) (iii) 5 (iv)
2 3 6 10
– 4 1
(v)
7
5 1 – 1
1
5. (i) (5)10 (ii) 1 (iii) 5 (iv)
3 7 10
6
4
(v) (vi) (21)–4
9

Drill Exercise – 83
–13 2 –16
1. (i) (2)–19 (ii) 1 (iii) 2 (iv) 5
3 5 7
0 – 4
– 3 2
(v) (vi)
19 13
8 15
2. (i) 1 (ii) 1 (iii) (5)2 (iv) 2
3 2 5
5 0 – 3
(v) (vi)
7 19
3. (i) 1 (ii) 4 (iii) 47 (iv) 54
60 13
(v) 81
169

29
 4. (i) 8.7 × 10–5 (ii) 8.13 × 10–9
(iii) 9 × 10–11 (iv) 1.0 × 10–8
(v) 3.18 × 1010 (vi) 6.02 × 1014
5. (i) 253000 (ii) 0.00003
(iii) 0.00854 (iv) 0.00000000030164
(v) 2164930

Drill Exercise – 84
– 2 × 2 × –1 4
–1 –1
1.  = = 1
3 3 81
2. (–5)x + 1 × (–5)5 = (–5)7
⇒
(–5)x + 1 = (–5)7 – 5 = (–5)2
⇒
x + 1 = 2
⇒
x = 1
m +2 –2 4
3. 1 ÷ 1 = 1
2 2 2
m +2 4 –2 4–2 2
1
⇒
= 1 × 1 = 1 = 1
2 2 2 2 2

⇒ m + 2 = 2
⇒ m = 0
4. (3)m – 2 ÷ (3)–3 = (3)4
3m–2 × 33 = 34
⇒ m – 2 + 3 = 4
⇒ m = 3
52 × p–4
5. 53 × 2 × 5 × p–8
= 52 – 3 – 1 × p–4 + 8 × 2–1
p4 p4
⇒
5–2 × p4 × 2–1 = =
25 × 2 50
10–5 × 125 × 3–5 2–5 × 5–5 × 53 × 3–5
6. = –5 –5 –7
6–5 × 5–7 2 ×3 ×5
= 2–5 + 5 × 5–5 + 3 +7 × 3–5 + 5
= 20 × 55 × 30 = 1 × 55 × 1 = 3125
–7 –5 0 –7 5
7. 3 × 8 ÷ 3 = 3 × 3 ÷1
8 3 8 8 8
–7 + 5 –2 2
= 3 = 3 = 8 = 64
8 8 3 9

30
 1002 × 4–4 4
0 = (10) × (2)
–8
8. × (12505) ×1
104 × 32 104 × 25
1
= 2–13 = 8192

Drill Exercise – 85
1
1. (i) l × m (ii) p ×
q
(iii) Read it as Two quantities ‘a’ and ‘b’ are said to be in
…………………… if they change together such that ab
remains constant.
Options [direct variation/indirect variation]
Ans. indirect variation
(iv) direct variation (v) direct
(vi) indirect
2. (i) indirect (ii) direct
(iii) indirect (iv) direct
(v) direct (vi) indirect
(vii) indirect (viii) indirect

Drill Exercise – 86
1. (i) indirect (ii) inversely
(iii) inverse (iv) directly
(v) directly (vi) inverse
(vii) inverse
2. (i) more (ii) less time
(iii) greater (iv) direct
3. (i) more (ii) increases
(iii) increases (iv) more

Drill Exercise – 87
1. (i) (a) 30 (b) 75 (c) 4 (d) 6
1
(ii) (a) 2 (b) 200 (c) 2 (d)
50
(iii) (a) 4 (b) 4 (c) 1 (d) 1
(iv) (a) 5 (b) 10 (c) 250 (d) 2 (e) 200
1
2. (i) (a) (b) direct
2

31
 (ii) Read it as (a) x * y Ans. 100 (b) inverse
(iii) yes
(iv) yes

Drill Exercise – 88
1. Let height of tree be x
15 x
= (Direct proportion)
10.5 14
15 × 14
⇒
x = = 20
10.5
2. Let reqd no. of days be x
New no. of students = 125 – 25 = 100
1
No. of students ×
no. of days
⇒ 125 × 16 = 100x
⇒ x = 20
3. Speed = 90 km/hr
Distance = 270 km
Distance
Speed =
Time
Distance 270
Time = = = 4 hr.
Speed 90
4. Let actual distance be x
1 3
= (Direct variation)
40000000 x
⇒
x = 3 × 40000000 cm
= 120000000 cm = 1200 km
5. Area = 20 × 15 = 300 m2
300
Breadth of new piece of land = = 12 m
25
6. Total time duration = 40 × 9
= 360 min
If there are 8 periods
360
Time of each period = = 45 min.
8

Drill Exercise – 89
1. (i) expanded (ii) factor (iii) (2y – 3)(3x – 2)
(iv) factor (v) quadratic (vi) expanded

32
 2. (i) (x + pq) (ii) (3a2b) (iii) (x – 3x2 + 5)
(iv) (2y) (v) (3) (vi) (x – 3y)
3. (i) xyz (x + y + z) (ii) xy(ax + by + cz)
(iii) 5(2a2 – 3b2 + 4c2) (iv) 2(7(x – y)2 – 2z(x – 1))
4. (i) 20lm(l + a) (ii) (–4)(4x + 5x3 – 8)
(iii) 7(x2 – 6x + 4) (iv) 6p(p + q)(p – 3q)
(v) (3x – y)(x – 3y) (vi) (x + 3y)(3x – y)
(vii) (x + y) (2x – y) (viii) (2x – y)(x – y)

Drill Exercise – 90
1. (i) (x + 8) (ii) (3x + 1)
(iii) (x – y) (iv) (z – 7)
(v) (5p + 3) (vi) (2y + 3)
(vii) (2y – 3)
2. (i) (x + 4)2
(ii) (x – 4)2
(iii) 4(x2 – 2x + 1) = 4(x –1)2
(iv) x2 – 2(x)(5) + (5)2 = (x – 5)2
(v) (5x)2 + 2(5x)(3) + (3)2 = (5x + 3)2
(vi) (7x)2 + 2(7x)(6y) + (6y)2 = (7x + 6y)2
(vii) (4p)2 – (2)(4p)(11q) + (11q)2 = (4p – 11q)2
(viii) (5x)2 + 2(5x)(6y) + (6y)2 = (5x + 6y)2
(ix) (1)2 + (2)(1)(7x) + (7x)2 = (1 + 7x)2
3. (i) (3x – 3)2 (ii) (1 + 5x)2
2
(iii) (5x – 4) (iv) (6p – q)2

Drill Exercise – 91
1. (i) (3p – 2q) (3p + 2q) (ii) (xy – 3) (xy + 3)
(iii) (3xy – 1) (3xy + 1) (iv) (4x – 12y) (4x + 12y)
(v) (7p – 5) (7p + 5) (vi) (1 – 8p) (1 + 8p)
(vii) (8pr – x) (8pr + x) (viii) (10q – 2y) (10q + 2y)
(ix) (3p – 6q) (3p + 6q)
2. (i) (x) (x + 1) (x – 1) (ii) (r) (pq – 4r) (pq + 4r)
(iii) (x) (7x – 6) (7x + 6) (iv) (x) (10x – 12) (10x + 12)
(v) (x3) (x – 2) (x + 2) (vi) (2x) (1 + 5x) (1 – 5x)
3. (i) (y + 2) × (y + 4) (ii) (3(x + 1) × (x + 2))
(iii) (x + 2) × (x + 6) (iv) (2p + 1) × (2p + 5)

33
 4. (i) (2x – 1) (2x – 3) (ii) (y – 3) (y – 7)
(iii) (x + 8) (x – 2) (iv) (x – 3) (x – 4)
(v) (x – 5) (x + 1) (vi) (2x – 1) (2x – 5)

Drill Exercise – 92
1
1. (i) 8p (ii) 5yz2 (iii)
2
rs b4c5 –3
(iv) (v) 2 3 3 (vi)
2 yz ab
(vii) 8pq
2. (i) y + 1 (ii) (2x – 4)
2
(iii) (3) (x – 3y) + (0) (iv) x + 1 +
(x + 5)
2
(v) (2)(x – 2) + (vi) (x – 6) (x – 3)
(2x – 1)
3. (i) x + 2 (ii) 2x – 1
(iii) x – 2 (iv) (4 – 3x)
(v) 5x – 3 (vi) 2x + 1
5 10
(vii) (2x + 7) (viii) 4x + –
3 3(5 – 3x)
(ix) x + 1 (x) 3x + 1

Drill Exercise – 93
1. (i) Line (ii) position
(iii) origin (iv) ordered
2. (i) y-axis (ii) x-axis (iii) (0, 0)
(iv) x-axis (v) x-axis
3. (i) y-axis (ii) x-axis (iii) (0, 4)
(iv) (6, 0) (v) 3 (vi) 4
4. (i) (0, 0) (ii) (a) origin (b) x-axis (c) y-axis

Drill Exercise – 94
1. (i) (0, 0) (ii) (7, 0) (iii) (7, 4) (iv) (2, 4)
(v) A (vi) O (vii) L (viii) Q
(ix) P (x) B (xi) OX (xii) OY
(xiii) (0, 2) (xiv) (9, 0)
2. (i) OX (ii) (0, 0) (iii) (1, 3) (iv) A
(v) (4, 5) (vi) (5, 4) (vii) (7, 6) (viii) (3, 2)

34
 Drill Exercise – 95
1. (i) PX (ii) P (iii) (0, 0)
(iv) T (v) C (vi) (4, 6)
(vii) (0, 6)
2. (i) (1, 4) (ii) (1, 2) (iii) (3, 0)
(iv) (0, 5) (v) (6, 2) (vi) (0, 2)
3. (i) Options [((7, 0)/(7, 7)] Ans. (7, 0)
(ii) (7, 7)
(iii) (5, 6)
(iv) (0, 0)

Drill Exercise – 96
1. (i) (2, 1) (ii) (2, 4) (iii) (7, 1)
2. (i) (2, 5) (ii) (7, 5) (iii) (5, 0)
(iv) (3, 2)
3. (i) (0, 0) (ii) (2, 5) (iii) (4, 0)
4. (i) (1, 7) (ii) (5, 5) (iii) (5, 0)
(iv) (1, 0)

Drill Exercise – 97
1.
720

600
Cost per litre (`)

480

360

240

120

0
5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Litres of milk bought
Equation of line = y = 24x
Cost of 8 litre milk = 24 × 8 = ` 192
Cost of 12 litre milk = 24 × 12 = ` 288

35
 2.
18

15

12
p (cm)

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
s (cm)
If s = 4.5 cm
then p = 13.5 cm
3.
50

45

40

35

30

25
Area of square (cm2)

20

15

10

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Length of side (cm)
From graph, if length of side = 5 cm
Area = 25 cm2

36
 4.
35

30

25
`)

20
Simple Interest (in

15

10

0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Number of years
From graph, SI after 4 yrs = ` 20

Drill Exercise – 98
1. (i) 66 (ii) 88 (iii) (2 + 3)
(iv) (9 + 1) (v) (11)
2. (i) 18 (ii) 54 (iii) (3 – 2)
(iv) (9 – 1) (v) (2 – 1)
3. (i) 11 (ii) 99, 11 (iii) 55, 11
(iv) 88, 11 (v) 110, 11 (vi) 77, 11
(vii) 88, 11
4. (i) 594, 99 × 6 = 594 (ii) 99, 99 × 1 = 99
(iii) 198, 99 × 2 = 198 (iv) 396, 99 × 4 = 396
(v) 495, 99 × 5 = 495 (vi) 594, 99 × 6 = 594
(vii) 495, 99 × 5 = 495

Drill Exercise – 99
1. (i) 36 (ii) 36 (iii) 33
(iv) 27 (v) 57
2. (i) 5 (ii) 1 8 3 (iii) 2 5
+ 5 + 3 1 8 × 2 3
5 5 0 1 5 7 5
15

37
 (iv) 2 5 (v) 7 4 (vi) 7 1
+ 3 7 × 6 + 1 9
6 2 4 4 4 9 0
3. (i) 1 (ii) 4 (iii) 7
(iv) 0 (v) 5 (vi) 8
(vii) 6 (viii) 9 (ix) even
(x) odd

Drill Exercise – 100

1. (i) odd (ii) even (iii) 9
(iv) 99 (v) 999 (vi) 9
(vii) 3 (viii) 6
2. (i) 4 (ii) 6 (iii) 3
(iv) 1 (v) 2 (vi) 6
(vii) 7 (viii) 6

Drill Exercise – 101

1. (i) 3 (ii) 2 (iii) 3 (iv) 3
2. (i) is not (ii) is not (iii) is (iv) is
(v) is not
3. (i) 6 (ii) 6 (iii) 3 (iv) 3
4. (i) 2 (ii) 1 (iii) 4 (iv) 0

Drill Exercise – 102

1. (i) 1001 (ii) 99 (iii) 4004 (iv) 7 & 11
2. (i) is (ii) is not (iii) is (iv) is not
(v) is
3. (i) 1 (ii) 7 (iii) 2 (iv) 9
4. (i) 4 (ii) 8 (iii) 4 (iv) 4
(v) 4

Miscellaneous Drill Exercises

1. (i) 27 (ii) perfect cube (iii) 10
(iv) 1 (v) 20 (vi) 64, 125
(vii) 5 (viii) 11, 11, 11

38
 2. (i) is (ii) 44 (iii) odd
(iv) 10 (v) origin (vi) y
(vii) x (viii) (0, 0)
3. (i) double graph (ii) Frequency (iii) 10
(iv) height (v) 1 (vi) 1
3
4. (i) 27 (ii) 1 : 2000 (iii) 1 : 10
(iv) 14 (v) 40,8000 (vi) 15
(vii) 176 (viii) ` 5500 (ix) 10%
5. (i) 1281 (ii) ` 3000 (iii) 1,40,909.10
(iv) 13,104 (v) 3000 (vi) ` 2646
(vii) ` 200 (viii) 185.40
6. (i) ` 1150 (ii) ` 900 (iii) 1100
(iv) half (v) double
7. (i) numerical (ii) trinomial (iii) non-zero
(iv) subtraction (v) identity (vi) equation
(vii) is not
8. (i) 2ab (ii) a – b (iii) a2 – b2
(iv) a + b (v) 0 (vi) 0
(vii) 7 (viii) like (ix) unlike
(x) monomials
9. (i) 5 (ii) factor (iii) factors
(iv) 1 – x
10. (i) is not (ii) is not (iii) 1
(iv) quadratic
11. (i) monomial (ii) polynomial (iii) dividend
(iv) divisor × quotient + remainder (v) 2(l + b)
(vi) πr2 (vii) a2
12. (i) 72 cm (ii) 24 cm2 (iii) 240 cm2
(iv) rectangular (v) square (vi) identical
13. (i) 2h(l + b) (ii) 6l2 (iii) 2πrh
(iv) base area × height (v) πr2h
14. (i) 10 (ii) 5 (iii) 9
15. (i) is (ii) 3 (iii) 1
(iv) is (v) is not (vi) is not
(vii) is

39
 16. (i) am–n (ii) am+n (iii) amn
m
(iv) (ab) (v) 1 (vi) 9.05 × 107
5
(vii) 1.5 × 10 (viii) 0.00002
17. (i) whole (ii) rational
(iii) the number itself (iv) itself
(v) 0 (vi) 1
(vii) no (viii) 1, –1
–1
(ix) (x) rational no.
9
(xi) positive
1 –3 5 5
18. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) 0 (vi) 9.5
2 8 3 3
1 7 – 4
(vii) (viii) (ix) (x) –1
15 19 3
19. (i) expressions (ii) 9 (iii) 2
3 – 8
(iv) (v) (vi) 50
2 5
– 4
(vii) 27 (viii) 4 (ix)
3
20. (i) 8 (ii) consecutive (iii) 282 – 1
(iv) (7 × 8) × 100 +25 (v) 13
(vi) 12 (vii) 80 (viii) 3
(ix) 1, 4, 9, 16, 25
21. (i) triangle (ii) 7 (iii) 9
(iv) 10
22. (i) equilateral (ii) two (iii) four
(iv) eight (v) twelve
23. (i) Equilateral triangle (ii) Square
(iii) 360° (iv) 15 (v) parallelogram
24. (i) parallel (ii) equal (iii) non-parallel
(iv) unequal
25. (i) polygons (ii) prism (iii) pyramid
(iv) hexagon (v) triangle (vi) f + v = e + 2
26. (i) 4 (ii) 6 (iii) 8
(iv) hidden (v) three (vi) 12
(vii) hexahedron (viii) icosahedron (ix) area of square
base
27. (i) 4 (ii) 27 (iii) (a) 2 (b) 4
4
(iv) (v) 0, 0 (vi) y
5

40
 (vii) 1 (viii) 1 (ix) 50
(x) histogram
1 1
28. (i) (ii) (iii) 9
2 2
1 5
(iv) (v) (vi) 1 : 7
2 7
(vii) 25% (viii) ` 660 (ix) 18
(x) 320
29. (i) 2 (ii) 8910 (iii) 640000
(iv) variable (v) – 3 (vi) – 6
3 2 2
(vii) x + 3x + 4 (viii) 8x – 6x – 12 (ix) 0
(x) –2r2
30. (i) 49p2 + 4q2 + 28pq (ii) 9x2 + 4p2 + 12xp
(iii) 4x2 + 1 – 4x (iv) 1 + 4x2 – 4x
(v) 37 (vi) 25
(vii) 61
31. (i) 1 – 100p2 (ii) 100x2 – y2
x2 1x
(iii) x2 + 11x + 30 (iv) + –2
4 2
8
(v) x2 + – 1 (vi) 10197
3
(vii) 97.97
32. (i) 9999 (ii) 4237
(iii) 71.67 (iv) 9996
33. (i) 4xy (ii) 9x2 + 49
(iii) a2b2 + b2c2 (iv) p2q2 + q2r2
2
34. (i) a + 3a – 5 (ii) 3x – y (iii) x – 4
(iv) 5x + 3 (v) 6a – b (vi) (a) (a + 1) (a – 1)
(vii) (x + 8) (x – 2)
35. (i) 2a – 1 (ii) 2x + 1 (iii) a + 1
(iv) x – 2
36. (i) 340 (ii) 10 (iii) 16
(iv) 100 (v) 144
37. (i) 300 (ii) volume (iii) 486
(iv) 1540
38. (i) 99 (ii) 77 (iii) 99
(iv) 2 (v) 7
27
39. (i) 9–3 (ii)
64

41
 6
117649
(iii) 11390625 = (15)6 (iv) = 7
4826809 13
–2 2
(v) (vi)
7 9
17
1
40. (i) 23 (ii) (iii) 2
6561 3
9
(iv) (v) 0
8
41. (i) 1 (ii) 0 (iii) 0
–1
(iv) (a + b)/2 (v) –1 (vi)
2
(vii) 0 (viii) 1 (ix) 1
(x) –5
42. (i) multiplicative (ii) 0 (iii) –5
6
31
(iv) (v) –1
20
–1 –1 1 1 3
43. (i) 0, 1 (ii) , (iii) , ,
4 2 4 2 4
1 –1 –1 –1 –3
(iv) , 0, (v) , ,
4 4 4 2 4
44. (i) x + 20 (ii) x – 8 (iii) x + 2
(iv) x + 1 (v) x + 9 (vi) x, x + 1
(vii) 90 – 8x (viii) 11x + 3 or 11x – 3
45. (i) x + 10
Also x + x + 10 = 72 ⇒ x = 31
x + 10 = 41
(ii) 22 – x (iii) 21
(iv) 20 (v) pythogorean triplets
n n+1
(vi) (vii)
2 2
n(n + 1)
46. (i) (ii) odd (iii) 4
2
(iv) 90000 (v) 2, 3 (vi) of 7
(vii) 144 (viii) 40, 41 (ix) 12
(x) 21 (xi) 31 (xii) 13
47. (i) polygon (ii) bisector
(iii) supplementary (iv) non-parallel
(v) 80°, 100°, 80°, 100° (vi) 48°, 72°, 96°, 144°
(vii) 60° (viii) 105°
(ix) 105°, 105°

42
 48. (i) 12, 12, 24, 24 (ii) 16, 16, 32, 32
(iii) 120°, 60°, 60° (iv) 12
(v) rhombus (vi) Square
(vii) rhombus
49. (i) edges (ii) vertex
(iii) 2 (iv) 26
(v) 6, 12, 8 (vi) 9, 5, 6
50. (i) 5, 12, 13 (ii) 25, –25
(iii) 3 (iv) kite
(v) 180° (vi) adjacent
(vii) 45° (viii) 135°
51. (i) 85°, 98°, 85°, 95° (ii) 100°, 80°, 100°, 80°
(iii) 36°, 72°, 108°, 144° (iv) 75°, 105°, 75°, 105°
(v) 100°, 60°
52. (i) pyramid (ii) 8, 5, 5
(iii) base (iv) sphere
(v) circles (vi) 6
(vii) infinite (viii) sides
(ix) infinite
53. (i) 3 (ii) 4 (iii) 7 (iv) 360°
54. (i) is not (ii) is not
(iii) 2% (iv) 3%
(v) conversion period
55. (i) polynomial (ii) –3pqx
(iii) 0.5px (iv) 11
(v) 3 (vi) ab + bc + ac
(vii) 49P2 + Q2 – 14PQ (viii) 61
(ix) 160 (x) 465
56. (i) no (ii) numerator
5
(iii) (iv) 20%
11
(v) 75 (vi) 200
(vii) 8.5 (viii) 320
57. (i) 882.9 (ii) 68.75
(iii) 624 (iv) Principal
(v) be divided by 4
58. (i) (x – 5) (x – 5) (ii) cannot be factorised
(iii) 9(x + 1)2 (iv) (2x + 1)(2x + 5)

43
 59. (i) 2x – 4 (ii) x – 2
1
(iii) 2πr(h + r) (iv) × product of diagonals
2
(v) 94 (vi) 8
(vii) 256 (viii) 512
(vii) 10 (viii) 100
60. (i) 8 (ii) 0.0000002012
4
(iii) 1.23 × 1010 (iv)
21
10
(v) (vi) x + 1
3
x + x + 1 = 21
x = 10, x + 1 = 11
(vii) square root (viii) 100°, 80°, 100°, 80°
(ix) Numbr of faces (x) 4

44